treatments-xml/data/AC/6F/87/AC6F87E7193BFFB21AC5F90BFB49CE15.xml

<document id="0FF037B5E40C496947558EDCD692FE69" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.510.2.7" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5426350" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630397355906" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Gonzaga, Diego Rafael, Fernandez, Eduardo Pinheiro, Moraes, Lucas, Neto, Luiz Menini &amp; Peixoto, Ariane Luna" docDate="2021" docId="AC6F87E7193BFFB21AC5F90BFB49CE15" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.510.2.7.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 510 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.510.2.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Arthrocereus grandiflorus D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="185" masterDocId="5056FF9F193AFFB41A4DFFDFFF86CC51" masterDocTitle="A giant among the giants: Arthrocereus grandiflorus (Cactaceae, Cactoideae), a new species from the Brazilian Cerrado" masterLastPageNumber="186" masterPageNumber="179" pageNumber="180" updateTime="1699261470596" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="0ACD3C8F5A65F57359C78813DA255768">A giant among the giants: Arthrocereus grandiflorus (Cactaceae, Cactoideae), a new species from the Brazilian Cerrado</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7F8E58E748A0590F23FA63E42AFA2631">Gonzaga, Diego Rafael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3EB5254D53BFB755AA6F6F7069FB1037">Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical. Rua Pacheco Leão, 2040, Horto, 22460 - 030, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. &amp; diego. gonzaga @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2030 - 6413</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6C993CD0A8A40478A5A952DC24A06B66">Fernandez, Eduardo Pinheiro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A96F83ECFE25440494E6306688D13057">Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora. Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Jardim Botânico, 22460 - 030, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. &amp; efernandez @ jbrj. gov. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3162 - 0061</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F94EC01C517878495A380A1B81B023F4">Moraes, Lucas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D5DC29E74B677E0EAEAA5B40F2C9347C">Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, 21941 - 902, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. &amp; lucascmoraes @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1454 - 7491</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A1FC415240B33AB8D89D354AB671690C">Neto, Luiz Menini</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="ADB5E524074499A5CF13C36A00FCE28E">Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Martelos, 36036 - 330, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. &amp; menini. neto @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8750 - 2422</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AAFA3E110F29F9F65CFAD08DD1A685AD">Peixoto, Ariane Luna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C6DA6AB1B2788DC2CF3DF19EF9D7D453">Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical. Rua Pacheco Leão, 2040, Horto, 22460 - 030, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. &amp; alunapeixoto @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1959 - 8543</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193BFFB51AC5F90BFC95CABE" ID-CoL="8SL3C" authority="D.R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,787,1748,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193BFFB51AC5F90BFE3FCABE" bold="true" box="[136,441,1748,1775]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Arthrocereus grandiflorus</emphasis>
D.R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto
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, 
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</emphasis>
(
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).
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<paragraph id="247936F1193BFFB51AC5F8FFFC9BCB0B" blockId="1.[136,1451,1824,1882]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
<materialsCitation id="94AE3CAC193BFFB51AC5F8FFFC9FCB0B" collectingDate="2018-01-22" collectionCode="RB, HDJF" collectorName="de Mendanha &amp; Gonzaga &amp; Campanharo" country="Brazil" county="Type" elevation="740" latitude="-18.002222" location="Inhai" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.56861" municipality="Diamantina" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
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:— 
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. 
<collectingRegion id="E602F813193BFFB51B77F8FFFE39CB67" box="[314,447,1824,1846]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
: 
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, distrito 
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/ 
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, 
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, 
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, ca. 
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a.s.l.
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, 
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<collectingDate id="403CE9D9193BFFB51EAEF8FFFA00CB64" box="[1251,1414,1824,1845]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" value="2018-01-22">22 January 2018</collectingDate>
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, fl., 
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<collectorName id="89335327193BFFB51AF0F89BFE92CB08" box="[189,276,1860,1881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Gonzaga</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="89335327193BFFB51B7EF89BFE37CB08" box="[307,433,1860,1881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Campanharo</collectorName>
</emphasis>
1133 (
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!, isotype 
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193BFFB51880F89BFC89CB0B" box="[717,783,1860,1882]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fmh6-brwg" name="Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">HDJF</collectionCode>
!)
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.
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<paragraph id="247936F1193BFFB51AC5F857FC2ECBBA" blockId="1.[136,1451,1928,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193BFFB51AC5F857FEA7CBF3" bold="true" box="[136,289,1928,1954]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Diagnosis:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193BFFB51B6CF857FDC5CBF3" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[289,579,1928,1954]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193BFFB51B6CF857FDC5CBF3" box="[289,579,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Arthrocereus grandiflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193BFFB518F1F857FC68CBF3" authorityName="N. P. Taylor &amp; Zappi" authorityYear="1997" box="[700,1006,1928,1954]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melanurus" subSpecies="odorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193BFFB518F1F857FCC9CBF3" box="[700,847,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">A. melanurus</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193BFFB519EDF857FC68CBF3" box="[928,1006,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">odorus</emphasis>
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from which differs by its larger cladodes (50–80 × 1.4–3.5 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193BFFB51B1DF872FEE1CB97" box="[336,359,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">vs</emphasis>
. 20–50 × 
<quantity id="E33E9B14193BFFB51B97F873FDDDCB96" box="[474,603,1964,1991]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" unit="cm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.5 cm</quantity>
), larger flowers (14.5–16 × 8–9 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193BFFB51988F872FC5ACB97" box="[965,988,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">vs</emphasis>
. 12–14 × 
<quantity id="E33E9B14193BFFB51E03F873FB19CB96" box="[1102,1183,1964,1991]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" unit="cm" value="8.5">8.5 cm</quantity>
), filaments (2.0–6.2 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193BFFB51FC0F872FA2DCB97" box="[1421,1451,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="E33E9B14193BFFB51AC5F80FFF74CBBA" box="[136,242,2000,2027]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" unit="cm" value="2.1" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.2">1.2–3 cm</quantity>
) and stamens strongly divided into two series (
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193BFFB5194EF80EFC9CCBBB" box="[771,794,2001,2026]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">vs</emphasis>
. one series).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="247936F11938FFB61AC5F99AFAEECAF5" blockId="2.[136,1452,1605,1700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE31938FFB61AC5F99AFF7BCA0B" bold="true" box="[136,253,1605,1627]" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D721938FFB61B4FF999FC07CA0D" authority="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[258,897,1606,1628]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE31938FFB61B4FF999FE7BCA0A" box="[258,509,1606,1627]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">Arthrocereus grandiflorus</emphasis>
D.R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit
</taxonomicName>
; B. Branch detail; C. Branch in cross-section, detail of the number of ribs; D–E. Floral buds: lateral view; F. Floral bud in pre-anthesis; G. Flower: lateral view; H. Flower: front view; I. filaments in two externally visible series; J. Dry flower; K. Pubescent pericarp; L. Fruit. Photos by D.R. Gonzaga (A-K) and G. Olsthoorn (L).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="6CDC657A1938FFB71AF0F914FEC3CDC1" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="182" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" type="description">
<paragraph id="247936F11938FFB61AF0F914FF61C478" blockId="2.[136,1451,1739,2089]" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE31938FFB61AF0F914FDBACAB4" bold="true" box="[189,572,1739,1765]" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">Description (macromorphology)</emphasis>
:—Terricolous to rupicolous plants, 
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high, light green cladodes, 
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diameter, branched only at the base, ribs 9–13, ca. 2 × 
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, areole 1.5–3.0 mm diameter, spaced 
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apart, spinescent, yellowish to grayish spines, central 2.7–5.0 cm long, radial 
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long. Brown floral buds, hirsute, grayish-brown trichomes. Flowers 14.5–16.0 × 
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, white, sub-apical to lateral, of nocturnal anthesis; pericarpel 1.5–1.6 × 
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, pubescent, reduced leaves 1.0–1.5 × 0.5–1.0 mm, triangular, floral tube 9.5–11.0 × 
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, brownish-green, both endowed with areole with grayish-brown trichomes and reduced, triangular to lanceolate leaves 3–5 × 
<quantity id="E33E9B141938FFB61A9DF87CFEB6CBEF" box="[208,304,1955,1982]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
; segments of the perianth 55–62, the external 1.2–3.5 × 
<quantity id="E33E9B141938FFB619E8F87CFBC7CBEF" box="[933,1089,1955,1982]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="cm" value="0.275" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.15">0.15–0.40 cm</quantity>
, lanceolate, greenish-brown, the internal 3.6–6.0 × 
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, lanceolate, white; stamens 224-269, divided into two series, filaments 2.0– 
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long; style 11.0–11.1 × 
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length, yellowish-white, stigma ca. 
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length, 10–12 lobed, lobes ca. 
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; fruit imature, globose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="247936F11939FFB71AF0FF42FEC3CDC1" blockId="3.[136,1452,157,400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="182">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE31939FFB71AF0FF42FDDDCCE6" bold="true" box="[189,603,157,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="182">Micromorphology of pollen grain:</emphasis>
—The pollen grains is large (50–100 µm in diameter), isopolar, 3-colpate, oblate spheroidal, polar area is small, subtriangular and subcircular amb, long colpi, widest colpi (ca. 3.6 µm wide), sexine less thick, exine microechinate, perforate with annular perforations conspicuous (
<figureCitation id="BCFD2A741939FFB71E1EFF39FB10CD51" box="[1107,1174,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[354,1233,425,1958]" captionTargetId="figure-120@3.[354,1233,425,1958]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Photomicrographs and electromicrographs of pollen grains of Arthrocereus grandiflorus. Polar view:A. optical section (LM), B. general aspect (SEM); Equatorial view: C. optical section (SEM), D. general aspect (SEM); E. ornamentation detail (SEM). Scale bars: A,C: 5 μm; B,D: 10 μm; E: 2 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5426354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5426354/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="182">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Palynological evidence shows the separation of pollen grains from the nearest species, mainly in the pollen variables of equatorial diameter, polar view equatorial diameter, length, and width of the bodies; however, they are similar to the number of apertures, presenting three (
<bibRefCitation id="40574B001939FFB71B07FE8DFDA8CD3D" author="Gonzaga DR &amp; Souza MA &amp; Menini Neto L &amp; Peixoto AL &amp; Mendonca CBF &amp; Goncalves-Esteves V" box="[330,558,338,364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" pagination="33 - 41" refId="ref4642" refString="Gonzaga DR, Souza MA, Menini Neto L, Peixoto AL, Mendonca CBF &amp; Goncalves-Esteves V (2019) The systematic value of pollen morphology in Arthrocereus A. Berger (Cactaceae, Cactoideae). Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 269: 33 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. revpalbo. 2019.06.009" type="journal article" year="2019">
Gonzaga 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE31939FFB71BFBFE8CFE61CD3D" box="[438,487,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="182">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
) and morphometric analyses using vegetative and reproductive flower variables (
<bibRefCitation id="40574B001939FFB71ADDFEA9FEBFCDC1" author="Gonzaga DR" box="[144,313,374,400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" refId="ref4705" refString="Gonzaga DR (2020) Sistematica de Arthrocereus A. Berger (Cactaceae: Cactoideae). Escola Nacional de Botanica Tropical, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 203 pp." type="book" year="2020">Gonzaga 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="247936F11939FFB71AC5F861FE4AC44D" blockId="3.[136,1452,1982,2076]" pageId="3" pageNumber="182">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE31939FFB71AC5F861FF7BCB82" bold="true" box="[136,253,1982,2004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="182">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Photomicrographs and electromicrographs of pollen grains of 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D721939FFB7191DF861FBCCCB82" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[848,1098,1982,2003]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE31939FFB7191DF861FBCCCB82" box="[848,1098,1982,2003]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="182">Arthrocereus grandiflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Polar view:A. optical section (LM), B. general aspect (SEM); Equatorial view: C. optical section (SEM), D. general aspect (SEM); E. ornamentation detail (SEM). Scale bars: A,C: 5 μm; B,D: 10 μm; E: 2 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="6CDC657A193EFFB01AF0FF41FC53CD51" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="247936F1193EFFB01AF0FF41FCE8CCE9" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,652]" box="[189,878,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01AF0FF41FECECCE9" bold="true" box="[189,328,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The specific epithet refers to the large flowers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="247936F1193EFFB01AF0FF1DFC53CD51" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,652]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01AF0FF1DFEC5CC8D" bold="true" box="[189,323,194,220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Flowering time in January. The flowers present nocturnal anthesis and start opening around 
<specimenCount id="32C0FD78193EFFB01F13FF1DFA01CC8D" box="[1374,1415,194,220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" type="generic">7 p.</specimenCount>
m., and around 
<specimenCount id="32C0FD78193EFFB01B41FF39FEB3CD51" box="[268,309,230,256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" type="generic">9 p.</specimenCount>
m. are already fully open. The flowers have a pleasant odor.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6CDC657A193EFFB21AF0FED6FB49CE15" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="247936F1193EFFB01AF0FED6FA1ECEDD" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,652]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01AF0FED6FE7BCD72" bold="true" box="[189,509,265,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Distribution and habitat:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193EFFB01854FED5FCCECD75" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[537,840,266,292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01854FED5FCCECD75" box="[537,840,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Arthrocereus grandiflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found in two subpopulations in Diamantina municipality, 
<collectingRegion id="E602F813193EFFB01B6CFEF1FE77CD19" box="[289,497,302,328]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Minas Gerais state</collectingRegion>
in Espinhaço Range (
<figureCitation id="BCFD2A74193EFFB018ABFEF1FCACCD19" box="[742,810,302,328]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[201,1393,677,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-259@4.[183,1404,677,1799]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Arthrocereus grandiflorus and A. melanurus subsp. odorus in Minas Gerais state." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5426356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5426356/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). They are geographically separated by about 
<quantity id="E33E9B14193EFFB01F61FEF1FAF0CD19" box="[1324,1398,302,329]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
. The first is in the vicinity of the 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01B85FE8CFCD1CD3D" box="[456,855,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Parque Nacional das Sempre Vivas</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193EFFB0192AFE8DFBCCCD3C" authority="Plateau" authorityName="Plateau" box="[871,1098,338,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Diamantina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diamantina Plateau</taxonomicName>
), being accessed by the district of Mendanha-Inhaí, at elevation of 
<quantity id="E33E9B14193EFFB0186EFEA9FDEBCDC1" box="[547,621,374,400]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" unit="m" value="740.0">740 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="BCFD2A74193EFFB01832FEA9FD7BCDC1" box="[639,765,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1080,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1435,190,1055]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Areas of occurrence of Arthrocereus grandiflorus. A–B Mendanha-Inhaí, C–D Senador Mourão, boths in Diamantina municipality. Photos by D.R. Gonzaga." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5426358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5426358/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Fig. 4A–B</figureCitation>
). This subpopulation is sympatric with other cactus species such as 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193EFFB01AABFE45FD2FCDE4" authority="Candolle (1828: 467)" authorityName="Candolle" authorityPageNumber="467" authorityYear="1828" box="[230,681,410,437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jamacaru">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01AABFE45FE2ECDE5" box="[230,424,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Cereus jamacaru</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="40574B00193EFFB01BFFFE45FD2FCDE4" author="Candolle, A. P. de" box="[434,681,410,437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" pagination="457 - 467" refId="ref3832" refString="Candolle, A. P. de (1828) Cacteae. In: Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, vol. 3. Treuttel et Wurtz, Paris, 457 - 467 pp." type="book chapter" year="1828">Candolle (1828: 467)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193EFFB018FAFE45FAFFCDE4" authority="(Werderm. 1933: 93) F. Ritter (1979: 57)" authorityName="F. Ritter" authorityPageNumber="57" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Werderm." baseAuthorityPageNumber="93" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[695,1401,410,437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cipocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minensis">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB018FAFE45FC27CDE5" box="[695,929,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Cipocereus minensis</emphasis>
(Werderm. 1933: 93) F.Ritter (1979: 57)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193EFFB01AC5FE61FB96CD88" authority="(Werderm. 1933: 103) Byles &amp; G. D. Rowley (1957: 66)" authorityName="Byles &amp; G. D. Rowley" authorityPageNumber="66" authorityYear="1957" baseAuthorityName="Werderm." baseAuthorityPageNumber="103" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[136,1040,446,473]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Pilosocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurisetus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01AC5FE61FE0ECD89" box="[136,392,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Pilosocereus aurisetus</emphasis>
(Werderm. 1933: 103) Byles &amp; G.D.Rowley (1957: 66)
</taxonomicName>
. The second subpopulation is in the district of Senador Mourão, BR 451, 16 km, at elevation of 
<specimenCount id="32C0FD78193EFFB01970FE3DFC08CDAD" box="[829,910,482,508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" type="generic">
<quantity id="E33E9B14193EFFB01970FE3DFC0CCDAD" box="[829,906,482,508]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.98" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" unit="m" value="998.0">998 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
(
<figureCitation id="BCFD2A74193EFFB019D2FE3DFB9ACDAD" box="[927,1052,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1080,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1435,190,1055]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Areas of occurrence of Arthrocereus grandiflorus. A–B Mendanha-Inhaí, C–D Senador Mourão, boths in Diamantina municipality. Photos by D.R. Gonzaga." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5426358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5426358/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Fig. 4C–D</figureCitation>
), in a small rocky area surrounded by plantations of 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193EFFB01B00FDD9FD9ECE71" box="[333,536,518,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-a">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01B00FDD9FE4FCE71" box="[333,457,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
spp. A
</taxonomicName>
specimen of this second subpopulation was collected sterile in 2016 and remains under cultivation in the Cactarium of 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01878FDF5FC42CE15" box="[565,964,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">
Jardim Botânico do 
<collectingRegion id="E602F813193EFFB01950FDF4FC42CE15" box="[797,964,554,580]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
but has not bloomed. Both subpopulations were located by Mr. Gerardus Olsthoorn. This collector has a sample of this same growing population in his private collection, located in the municipality of Holambra, 
<collectingRegion id="E602F813193EFFB0189EFDADFC07CEDD" box="[723,897,626,652]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">São Paulo state</collectingRegion>
, and flowered in cultivation in 
<date id="50781031193EFFB01E92FDADFA13CEDD" box="[1247,1429,626,652]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" value="2018-12">December 2018</date>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="247936F1193EFFB01AC5F8C0FA93CB64" blockId="4.[136,1301,1823,1845]" box="[136,1301,1823,1845]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01AC5F8C0FF78CB65" bold="true" box="[136,254,1823,1845]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Geographic distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193EFFB01845F8C0FC85CB65" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[520,771,1823,1844]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01845F8C0FC85CB65" box="[520,771,1823,1844]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Arthrocereus grandiflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193EFFB0197FF8FFFBBBCB65" authorityName="N. P. Taylor &amp; Zappi" authorityYear="1997" box="[818,1085,1823,1845]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melanurus" subSpecies="odorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB0197FF8FFFC37CB65" box="[818,945,1823,1845]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">A. melanurus</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB019B7F8C0FBBBCB65" box="[1018,1085,1823,1844]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">odorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Minas Gerais state.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="247936F1193EFFB01AF0F8BBFB48CBBB" blockId="4.[136,1452,1892,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01AF0F8BBFE8FCB2F" bold="true" box="[189,265,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Notes:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193EFFB01B6BF8BBFDD7CB2F" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[294,593,1892,1918]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01B6BF8BBFDD7CB2F" box="[294,593,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Arthrocereus grandiflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was cited as 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193EFFB0194DF8BBFC39CB2F" box="[768,959,1892,1918]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB0194DF8BBFC14CB2F" box="[768,914,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Arthrocereus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="40574B00193EFFB019BBF8BBFB5FCB2F" author="Herm, K. &amp; Hofacker, A. &amp; Charles, G. &amp; Heek, W &amp; Bohle, B. &amp; Strecker, W. &amp; Heimen, G." box="[1014,1241,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" refId="ref4745" refString="Herm, K., Hofacker, A., Charles, G., Heek, W, van., Bohle, B., Strecker, W. &amp; Heimen, G. (2001) Kakteen in Brasilien / Cacti in Brazil. Published by the authors, Berlin, 176 pp." type="book" year="2001">
Herm 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01E0EF8BAFB04CB2F" box="[1091,1154,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">et al.</emphasis>
(2001)
</bibRefCitation>
who published a photograph of a specimen from Mendanha district from Diamantina municipality. 
<bibRefCitation id="40574B00193EFFB01E7FF857FAB1CBF3" author="Taylor, N. P. &amp; Zappi, D. C." box="[1074,1335,1928,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" refId="ref5130" refString="Taylor, N. P. &amp; Zappi, D. C. (2004) Cacti of Eastern Brazil. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 499 pp." type="book" year="2004">Taylor &amp; Zappi (2004)</bibRefCitation>
identified this specimen as 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193EFFB01B0BF873FC56CB97" authority="N. P. Taylor &amp; Zappi (1997: 7)" authorityName="N. P. Taylor &amp; Zappi" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1997" box="[326,976,1964,1990]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melanurus" subSpecies="odorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB01B0BF873FE5DCB97" box="[326,475,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">A. melanurus</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193EFFB0187DF873FDF8CB97" box="[560,638,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">odorus</emphasis>
N.P. 
<bibRefCitation id="40574B00193EFFB018E2F873FC56CB97" author="Taylor, N. P. &amp; Zappi, D. C." box="[687,976,1964,1990]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" pagination="7 - 8" refId="ref5097" refString="Taylor, N. P. &amp; Zappi, D. C. (1997) Nomenclatural adjustments and novelties in Brazilian Cactaceae. Cactaceae Consensus Initiatives 3: 7 - 8." type="journal article" year="1997">Taylor &amp; Zappi (1997: 7)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, mentioning that it is a sample of HU 
<quantity id="E33E9B14193EFFB01F38F873FF18CBBB" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9497" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" unit="in" value="1555.0">1555 in</quantity>
cultivation, once they did not saw the flowers in the field, and no herbaria samples were found.
</paragraph>
<caption id="70B96679193FFFB11AC5FBE7FD87C820" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5426358" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5426358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5426358/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" startId="5.[136,229,1080,1102]" targetBox="[151,1435,190,1055]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="247936F1193FFFB11AC5FBE7FD87C820" blockId="5.[136,1451,1080,1138]" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11AC5FBE7FE84C81C" bold="true" box="[136,258,1080,1102]" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Areas of occurrence of 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193FFFB11BB3FBE7FD7BC81C" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[510,765,1080,1101]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11BB3FBE7FD7BC81C" box="[510,765,1080,1101]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">Arthrocereus grandiflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A–B Mendanha-Inhaí, C–D Senador Mourão, boths in Diamantina municipality. Photos by D.R. Gonzaga.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="247936F1193FFFB11AF0FB7FFE7FC93E" blockId="5.[136,1452,1184,2075]" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">
The Parque Nacional das Sempre Vivas (PNSV) is located in the Serra do Espinhaço and was created on 
<date id="50781031193FFFB11FC2FB7EFEC6C88E" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" value="2002-12-13">13 December 2002</date>
. Its main vegetation is the 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB1183AFB1BFD50C88F" box="[631,726,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">Cerrado</emphasis>
, occupying 124,154.47 hectares, covering the municipalities of Bocaiúva, Buenópolis, Diamantina, and Olhos-D’Água, in 
<collectingRegion id="E602F813193FFFB11971FB37FB9CC952" box="[828,1050,1256,1283]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">Minas Gerais state</collectingRegion>
. 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193FFFB11E64FB37FAD4C953" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[1065,1362,1256,1282]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11E64FB37FAD4C953" box="[1065,1362,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">Arthrocereus grandiflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be considered as a microendemic species according to Rappini 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB1190AFAD2FCFAC977" box="[839,892,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">et al</emphasis>
. (2008). In another part of the PNSV occurs 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193FFFB11FDEFAD2FDE1C91A" authority="Backeberg &amp; Voll (1943: 62)" authorityName="Backeberg &amp; Voll" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1943" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rondonianus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11FDEFAD2FE93C91B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">A. rondonianus</emphasis>
Backeberg &amp; Voll (1943: 62)
</taxonomicName>
, however, it differs by vegetative size, the coloring of spines, and flowers with magenta perianth segments.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="247936F1193FFFB11AF0FAA6FF6ECADE" blockId="5.[136,1452,1184,2075]" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">
A comparison with the subspecies of 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193FFFB11822FAA6FF38C9E6" authority="(K. Schum. 1890: 200) Diers, P. J. Braun &amp; Esteves (1987: 314)" authorityName="Diers, P. J. Braun &amp; Esteves" authorityPageNumber="314" authorityYear="1987" baseAuthorityName="K. Schum." baseAuthorityPageNumber="200" baseAuthorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11822FAA6FC81C9C3" box="[623,775,1400,1427]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">A. melanurus</emphasis>
(K.Schum. 1890: 200) Diers, P.J. Braun &amp; Esteves (1987: 314)
</taxonomicName>
, shows that 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193FFFB11B1EFA42FD85C9E7" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[339,515,1436,1463]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11B1EFA42FD85C9E7" box="[339,515,1436,1463]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">A. grandiflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the following distinguishing characteristics:. 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193FFFB11E0AFA43FF78C98B" authority="subsp. melanurus" authorityName="subsp. melanurus (K. Schum. 1890: 200) Diers, P. J. Braun &amp; Esteves" authorityYear="1987" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melanurus" subSpecies="melanurus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11E0AFA43FADFC9E7" box="[1095,1369,1436,1462]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">Arthrocereus melanurus</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11AC5FA1FFF78C98B" box="[136,254,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">melanurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the most widely occurring taxon of the genus, occurring in the states of 
<collectingRegion id="E602F813193FFFB11E70FA1FFB54C98B" box="[1085,1234,1472,1498]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
and 
<collectingRegion id="E602F813193FFFB11F45FA1EFAFAC98B" box="[1288,1404,1472,1499]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
, has shorter style (5 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11B7BFA3AFECBC9AF" box="[310,333,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">vs</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="E33E9B14193FFFB11B16FA3AFE3EC9AE" box="[347,440,1509,1535]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" unit="cm" value="11.1">11.1 cm</quantity>
), more stigma lobes (20 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11887FA3AFD67C9AF" box="[714,737,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">vs</emphasis>
. 12), more stamens (587 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB119B0FA3AFB92C9AF" box="[1021,1044,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">vs</emphasis>
. 269) and shorter filaments (0.8–1.6 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11AC5F9D6FF19CA73" box="[136,159,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">vs</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="E33E9B14193FFFB11AE3F9D7FE9ACA72" box="[174,284,1544,1571]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" unit="cm" value="4.4" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.8">2.8–6 cm</quantity>
). 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193FFFB11B62F9D7FBC5CA72" authority="N. P. Taylor &amp; Zappi (1997: 7)" authorityName="N. P. Taylor &amp; Zappi" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1997" box="[303,1091,1544,1571]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melanurus" subSpecies="magnus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11B62F9D7FDB9CA73" box="[303,575,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">Arthrocereus melanurus</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB118D8F9D6FD6ACA73" box="[661,748,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">magnus</emphasis>
N.P. 
<bibRefCitation id="40574B00193FFFB11952F9D7FBC5CA72" author="Taylor, N. P. &amp; Zappi, D. C." box="[799,1091,1544,1571]" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" pagination="7 - 8" refId="ref5097" refString="Taylor, N. P. &amp; Zappi, D. C. (1997) Nomenclatural adjustments and novelties in Brazilian Cactaceae. Cactaceae Consensus Initiatives 3: 7 - 8." type="journal article" year="1997">Taylor &amp; Zappi (1997: 7)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic and restricted to the Atlantic Forest phytogeographic domain, presenting the largest vegetative dimensions (1.5–2 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11EE4F9F2FB46CA17" box="[1193,1216,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">vs</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="E33E9B14193FFFB11E82F9F3FAC2CA16" box="[1231,1348,1580,1607]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" unit="m" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 m</quantity>
), smaller pericarpel (0.9 × 1 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11B16F98EFEF4CA3B" box="[347,370,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">vs</emphasis>
. 1.6 × 
<quantity id="E33E9B14193FFFB11BF2F98EFD88CA3A" box="[447,526,1617,1643]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" unit="cm" value="1.2">1.2 cm</quantity>
), shorter style (9.5 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB118A4F98EFC86CA3B" box="[745,768,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">vs</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="E33E9B14193FFFB11943F98EFCECCA3A" box="[782,874,1617,1643]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" unit="cm" value="11.1">11.1 cm</quantity>
), more stigma lobes (16 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11E37F98EFB17CA3B" box="[1146,1169,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">vs</emphasis>
. 12), fewer stamens (230 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11AC5F9AAFF19CADF" box="[136,159,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">vs</emphasis>
. 269).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="247936F1193FFFB21AF0F947FC96CD19" blockId="5.[136,1452,1184,2075]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,158,581]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11AF0F947FE54CAE2" bold="true" box="[189,466,1688,1715]" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">Conservation status:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193FFFB11B9EF947FD7CCAE3" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[467,762,1688,1714]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11B9EF947FD7CCAE3" box="[467,762,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">Arthrocereus grandiflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from only two subpopulations located in areas of 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11AC5F962FECDCA87" box="[136,331,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">campos rupestres</emphasis>
of the 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11BD5F963FE71CA87" box="[408,503,1724,1750]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">Cerrado</emphasis>
domain in Diamantina municipality, which is embedded within the Espinhaço Range at 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193FFFB11AEBF93FFE56CAAA" authority="Plateau. Once" authorityName="Plateau. Once" box="[166,464,1760,1787]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Diamantina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diamantina Plateau. Once</taxonomicName>
is known only from two geographically separated subpopulations it does not have an associated EOO polygon and has an estimated AOO of 
<quantity id="E33E9B14193FFFB11945F8DAFCC0CB70" box="[776,838,1797,1825]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
². Several threats may affect both subpopulations, like private mining (
<bibRefCitation id="40574B00193FFFB11B0EF8F7FDA4CB13" author="Morais, M. S. &amp; Gontijo, B. M. &amp; Piuzana, D." box="[323,546,1832,1859]" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" pagination="362 - 381" refId="ref4850" refString="Morais, M. S., Gontijo, B. M. &amp; Piuzana, D. (2016). Analise temporal do uso e ocupacao do terreno do Parque Estadual do Biribiri e de sua Zona de Amortecimento, municipio de Diamantina, Minas Gerais. Caderno de Geografia 26 (46): 362 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.5752 / P. 2318 - 2962.2016 v 26 n 46 p 362" type="journal article" year="2016">
Morais 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB11BD2F8F6FE53CB13" box="[415,469,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="40574B00193FFFB1187CF8F7FD43CB12" author="Freitas, M. O." box="[561,709,1832,1859]" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" refId="ref4051" refString="Freitas, M. O. (2017) Avaliacao da qualidade geoquimica ambiental da agua superficial do Rio Jequitinhonha sob impacto de atividade garimpeira. Dissertacao (Mestrado Profissional) Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Saude, Sociedade e Ambiente, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, 107 pp." type="book" year="2017">Freitas 2017</bibRefCitation>
), agriculture (
<bibRefCitation id="40574B00193FFFB11925F8F7FBEDCB12" author="Fernandes, E. A. &amp; Cunha, N. R. D. S. &amp; Silva, R. G. D." box="[872,1131,1832,1859]" pageId="5" pageNumber="184" pagination="179 - 198" refId="ref3986" refString="Fernandes, E. A., Cunha, N. R. D. S. &amp; Silva, R. G. D. (2005) Degradacao ambiental no estado de Minas Gerais. Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural 43 (1): 179 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0103 - 20032005000100010" type="journal article" year="2005">
Fernandes 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193FFFB119A5F8F6FB9BCB13" box="[1000,1053,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="184">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
), and fires (
<bibRefCitation id="40574B00193FFFB11EB6F8F5FF43CB36" author="Avila, G. C. &amp; Souza, D. E." pageId="5" pageNumber="184" refId="ref3619" refString="Avila, G. C. &amp; Souza, D. E. (2012) Incendios florestais no Parque Estadual do Biribiri e entorno imediato, entre 2007 e 2011 e suas relacoes com a presenca humana. Ecotecadigital Terra Brasilis. Available from: http: // www. terrabrasilis. org. br / ecotecadigital / pdf / incendios-florestais-no-parque-estadual-do-biribiri-e-entorno-imediato-entre- 2007 - e- 2011 - e-suas-relacoes-com-a-presencahumana. pdf (accessed 8 september 2019)" type="url" year="2012">Ávila &amp; Souza 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Furthermore, the species was found occurring very near eucalypt plantations, which also poses a major threat. Species of this genus are also subject to predatory plant collections by humans for ornamental purposes, which may lead to sharp declines in the number of mature individuals. Both known subpopulations are outside protected areas, which might increase species’ vulnerability in face of severe anthropogenic events. Considering the intensity of the described stress vectors, one single location is considered. No information on population size and trends is known and so the species could not be assessed based on its population size and reduction rate, although it is a rare species and it is suspected that might be declining based on the incidence of the threats mentioned above. Therefore, based on the minimum values of EOO and AOO, combined with one single location and an estimated continuing decline in its EOO, AOO, extend and quality of habitat, the number of locations, and possibly in the number of mature individuals, the species is here assessed as CR [criterion B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)], due to its narrow distribution area associated to multiple threats that may affect the species habitat and individuals.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="247936F1193CFFB21AF0FE8DFAD7CDE4" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,581]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB21AF0FE8DFD9FCD3D" bold="true" box="[189,537,338,364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Selected specimen examined</emphasis>
:— 
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193CFFB21870FE8DFCE0CD3D" authorityName="D. R. Gonzaga &amp; Menini Neto. A. Habit" authorityYear="2021" box="[573,870,338,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB21870FE8DFCE0CD3D" box="[573,870,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Arthrocereus grandiflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<materialsCitation id="94AE3CAC193CFFB21937FE8DFBC4CDC1" collectingDate="2018-01-22" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Diamantina &amp; Mendanha &amp; Inhai" country="Brazil" elevation="740" latitude="-18.002222" location="Minas Gerais" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.56861" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
<collectingCountry id="5CD17661193CFFB21937FE8DFC65CD3D" box="[890,995,338,364]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="E602F813193CFFB219BFFE8DFB16CD3D" box="[1010,1168,338,364]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectorName id="89335327193CFFB21EEDFE8DFAA0CD3D" box="[1184,1318,338,364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Diamantina</collectorName>
, distrito de 
<collectorName id="89335327193CFFB21AC5FEA9FE86CDC1" box="[136,256,374,400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Mendanha</collectorName>
/ 
<collectorName id="89335327193CFFB21B44FEA9FEC5CDC1" box="[265,323,374,400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Inhaí</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="41F25036193CFFB21B1DFEA9FE38CDC1" box="[336,446,374,400]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="0" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" precision="15" seconds="8" value="-18.002222">18°0’8’’S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="41F25036193CFFB21B81FEA9FDD7CDC1" box="[460,593,374,400]" degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" precision="15" seconds="7" value="-43.56861">43°34’7’’W</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 
<elevation id="AFEBD1C2193CFFB218C5FEA9FC89CDC1" box="[648,783,374,401]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="740.0">
<quantity id="E33E9B14193CFFB218C5FEA9FD57CDC0" box="[648,721,374,401]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="740.0">740 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, 
<date id="50781031193CFFB21953FEA9FC58CDC1" box="[798,990,374,401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" value="2018-01-22">
<collectingDate id="403CE9D9193CFFB21953FEA9FC58CDC1" box="[798,990,374,401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" value="2018-01-22">22 January 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, fl., 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB21E5EFEA8FBC4CDC1" box="[1043,1090,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
D. 
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB21E63FEA8FBC4CDC1" box="[1070,1090,375,400]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">R</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB21E0FFEA8FA96CDC0" box="[1090,1296,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
. 
<materialsCitation id="94AE3CAC193CFFB21E02FEA8FA8ACDC0" box="[1103,1292,375,401]" collectionCode="W, A" collectorName="Gonzaga" country="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
<collectorName id="89335327193CFFB21E02FEA8FB32CDC0" box="[1103,1204,375,401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Gonzaga</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB21E91FEA8FB70CDC0" box="[1244,1270,375,401]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB21EB4FEA8FA8ACDC0" box="[1273,1292,375,401]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="94AE3CAC193CFFB21F54FEA9FC63CDE4" collectingDate="2018-12" collectionCode="RB, G" collectorName="Campanharo &amp; de Senador Mourao" country="Brazil" elevation="998" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB21F54FEA9FA2ACDC1" box="[1305,1452,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
<collectorName id="89335327193CFFB21F54FEA9FA2ACDC1" box="[1305,1452,374,400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Campanharo</collectorName>
</emphasis>
1132 (
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB21A82FE45FF7ACDE5" box="[207,252,410,436]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
!); distrito 
<collectorName id="89335327193CFFB21B21FE45FDCBCDE4" box="[364,589,410,437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">de Senador Mourão</collectorName>
, ca. 
<elevation id="AFEBD1C2193CFFB21833FE45FC84CDE5" box="[638,770,410,437]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.98" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="998.0">
<quantity id="E33E9B14193CFFB21833FE45FD43CDE4" box="[638,709,410,437]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.98" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="998.0">998 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, 
<date id="50781031193CFFB21943FE45FC45CDE5" box="[782,963,410,436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" value="2018-12">
<collectingDate id="403CE9D9193CFFB21943FE45FC45CDE5" box="[782,963,410,436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" value="2018-12">December 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB21983FE44FC63CDE4" box="[974,997,411,437]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB21983FE44FC63CDE4" box="[974,997,411,437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">G</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB219A8FE44FC6FCDE4" box="[997,1001,411,437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="94AE3CAC193CFFB219BDFE45FAC8CDE4" box="[1008,1358,410,437]" collectionCode="RB" collectorName="Olsthoorn" country="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB219BDFE45FBE4CDE5" box="[1008,1122,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
<collectorName id="89335327193CFFB219BDFE45FBE4CDE5" box="[1008,1122,410,436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Olsthoorn</collectorName>
</emphasis>
208 (
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB21EEEFE45FB56CDE5" box="[1187,1232,410,436]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
!, 
<typeStatus id="FB7D8853193CFFB21EADFE44FAC0CDE4" box="[1248,1350,411,437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="247936F1193CFFB21AF0FE61FB49CE15" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,581]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
<taxonomicName id="E3C64D72193CFFB21AF0FE61FDF5CD89" authorityName="N. P. Taylor &amp; Zappi" authorityYear="1997" box="[189,627,446,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Arthrocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melanurus" subSpecies="odorus">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB21AF0FE61FE4BCD89" box="[189,461,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Arthrocereus melanurus</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="94AE3CAC193CFFB21B9BFE61FDF5CD89" box="[470,627,446,472]" collectingDate="2015-09-29" collectionCode="R" country="Brazil" elevation="801" location="Distrito de Almeida" municipality="Jaboticatubas" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
subsp. 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB21868FE61FDF5CD89" box="[549,627,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">odorus</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<collectingCountry id="5CD17661193CFFB218C6FE61FD72CD89" box="[651,756,446,472]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="E602F813193CFFB218B2FE61FC1FCD89" box="[767,921,446,472]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="C41DAC8B193CFFB219EBFE61FBC6CD89" box="[934,1088,446,472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Jaboticatubas</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="2119602A193CFFB21E01FE61FAA8CD89" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC6F87E7193BFFB21AC5F90BFB49CE15:2119602A193CFFB21E01FE61FAA8CD89" box="[1100,1326,446,472]" country="Brazil" municipality="Jaboticatubas" name="Distrito de Almeida" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Distrito de Almeida</location>
, ca. 
<elevation id="AFEBD1C2193CFFB21F2EFE61FF38CDAD" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.01" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="801.0">
<quantity id="E33E9B14193CFFB21F2EFE61FA2ACD88" box="[1379,1452,446,473]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.01" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="801.0">801 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, 
<date id="50781031193CFFB21A81FE3DFE2BCDAC" box="[204,429,482,509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" value="2015-09-29">
<collectingDate id="403CE9D9193CFFB21A81FE3DFE2BCDAC" box="[204,429,482,509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" value="2015-09-29">29 September 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, fl., 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB21BAEFE3CFDA8CDAC" box="[483,558,483,509]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
R. 
<materialsCitation id="94AE3CAC193CFFB21BB6FE3CFD97CDAC" box="[507,529,483,509]" collectingDate="2015-09-29" collectionCode="C" country="Brazil" elevation="801" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Distrito de Almeida" municipality="Jaboticatubas" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB21BB6FE3CFD97CDAC" box="[507,529,483,509]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.C.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="94AE3CAC193CFFB2187AFE3CFC8DCE71" collectingDate="2016-10-30" collectionCode="RB, R" country="Brazil" county="Reis" elevation="804" location="Portaria Areias" municipality="Estrada de Acesso" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB2187AFE3CFD22CDAD" box="[567,676,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
<collectingCounty id="CD184E7D193CFFB2187AFE3CFDE1CDAD" box="[567,615,483,508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Reis</collectingCounty>
et al
</emphasis>
. 2275 (
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB218B3FE3DFCADCDAD" box="[766,811,482,508]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
!); 
<collectingMunicipality id="C41DAC8B193CFFB2190AFE3DFB91CDAD" box="[839,1047,482,508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Estrada de Acesso</collectingMunicipality>
a 
<location id="2119602A193CFFB21E7BFE3DFB64CDAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC6F87E7193BFFB21AC5F90BFB49CE15:2119602A193CFFB21E7BFE3DFB64CDAD" box="[1078,1250,482,508]" country="Brazil" county="Reis" municipality="Estrada de Acesso" name="Portaria Areias" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Portaria Areias</location>
, 
<location id="2119602A193CFFB21EA2FE3CFEA1CE71" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC6F87E7193BFFB21AC5F90BFB49CE15:2119602A193CFFB21EA2FE3CFEA1CE71" country="Brazil" county="Reis" municipality="Estrada de Acesso" name="Parque Nacional Serra do Cipo" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Parque Nacional Serra do Cipó</location>
, ca. 
<elevation id="AFEBD1C2193CFFB21B14FDD9FE5BCE71" box="[345,477,518,545]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="804.0">
<quantity id="E33E9B14193CFFB21B14FDD9FE27CE70" box="[345,417,518,545]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="804.0">804 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, 
<date id="50781031193CFFB21BA7FDD9FD2CCE71" box="[490,682,518,544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" value="2016-10-30">
<collectingDate id="403CE9D9193CFFB21BA7FDD9FD2CCE71" box="[490,682,518,544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" value="2016-10-30">30 October 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, fr., 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB21891FDD8FC8DCE71" box="[732,779,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
D. 
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB218BAFDD8FC8DCE71" box="[759,779,519,544]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">R</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB21946FDD8FC89CE71" box="[779,783,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="94AE3CAC193CFFB2195BFDD8FC14CE15" collectingDate="2017-09-23" collectionCode="RB, R" collectorName="Estrada" country="Brazil" elevation="804" location="Parque Nacional Serra do Cipo" municipality="Gonzaga" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB2195BFDD8FC3DCE71" box="[790,955,518,545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
<collectingMunicipality id="C41DAC8B193CFFB2195BFDD8FCFDCE70" box="[790,891,519,545]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Gonzaga</collectingMunicipality>
et al.
</emphasis>
791 (
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB219B0FDD9FBACCE71" box="[1021,1066,518,544]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
!); 
<collectorName id="89335327193CFFB21E09FDD9FB1ECE71" box="[1092,1176,518,544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">Estrada</collectorName>
de acesso para o 
<location id="2119602A193CFFB21F13FDD8FE14CE15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC6F87E7193BFFB21AC5F90BFB49CE15:2119602A193CFFB21F13FDD8FE14CE15" country="Brazil" municipality="Gonzaga" name="Parque Nacional Serra do Cipo" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Parque Nacional Serra do Cipó</location>
, ca. 
<elevation id="AFEBD1C2193CFFB21B88FDF5FDCECE15" box="[453,584,554,581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="804.0">
<quantity id="E33E9B14193CFFB21B88FDF5FD8ACE14" box="[453,524,554,581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="804.0">804 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, 
<date id="50781031193CFFB21819FDF5FCB7CE15" box="[596,817,554,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" value="2017-09-23">
<collectingDate id="403CE9D9193CFFB21819FDF5FCB7CE15" box="[596,817,554,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" value="2017-09-23">23 September 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
, fl., 
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB2192FFDF4FC14CE15" box="[866,914,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
D. 
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB21933FDF4FC14CE15" box="[894,914,555,580]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">R</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB219DFFDF4FC10CE15" box="[914,918,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="94AE3CAC193CFFB219D0FDF4FB4DCE15" box="[925,1227,554,581]" collectionCode="RB" country="Brazil" location="Gonzaga" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
<emphasis id="16B2EAE3193CFFB219D0FDF4FBC7CE15" box="[925,1089,554,581]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="185">
<location id="2119602A193CFFB219D0FDF4FB84CE14" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC6F87E7193BFFB21AC5F90BFB49CE15:2119602A193CFFB219D0FDF4FB84CE14" box="[925,1026,555,581]" country="Brazil" name="Gonzaga" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Gonzaga</location>
et al.
</emphasis>
1002 (
<collectionCode id="42D7AE34193CFFB21EDDFDF5FB38CE15" box="[1168,1214,554,580]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="185" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>