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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.64657" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3d0bfa07-6e5a-4685-b61f-58070dfaa18e" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-82-161" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6E578025F21B5BEFA9D639EE1C71685E" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741719" ID-ZooBank="852712E6BBE44791B0C8DD76D2B4CE3C" ModsDocID="1314-2607-82-161" checkinTime="1619783791358" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Shaw, Mark R., Kan, Pieter, Kan-van Limburg Stirum, Brigitte &amp; Schwarz, Martin" docDate="2021" docId="AB87C35ECD8950F98B597CAF4455136F" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 82: 161-186" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 82" docPubDate="2021-04-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.64657" docTitle="Gelis timarchae Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="5E4196E0-6427-45F9-AA1C-6B540D70C1CC" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="6E578025F21B5BEFA9D639EE1C71685E" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="6E578025F21B5BEFA9D639EE1C71685E" masterDocTitle="The remarkable biology of a new species of Gelis Thunberg, 1827 (Ichneumonidae, Phygadeuontinae), a solitary endoparasitoid of fresh eggs of Timarcha (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)" masterLastPageNumber="186" masterPageNumber="161" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1678755738059" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>The remarkable biology of a new species of Gelis Thunberg, 1827 (Ichneumonidae, Phygadeuontinae), a solitary endoparasitoid of fresh eggs of Timarcha (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Shaw, Mark R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6651-8801</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Honorary Research Associate, National Museums of Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh EH 1 1 JF, UK</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">markshaw1945@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kan, Pieter</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>295 Chemin de la Croix, Quartier la Ferrage du Ray, 83830 Callas, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kan-van Limburg Stirum, Brigitte</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>295 Chemin de la Croix, Quartier la Ferrage du Ray, 83830 Callas, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Schwarz, Martin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Eben 21, A- 4202 Kirchschlag, Austria</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-04-29</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>82</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>161</mods:start>
<mods:end>186</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.64657</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.64657</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-82-161</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">852712E6BBE44791B0C8DD76D2B4CE3C</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6E578025F21B5BEFA9D639EE1C71685E</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4741719</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="181758096" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5E4196E0-6427-45F9-AA1C-6B540D70C1CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB87C35ECD8950F98B597CAF4455136F" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/5E4196E0-6427-45F9-AA1C-6B540D70C1CC" authority="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae" status="sp. nov.">Gelis timarchae Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–9" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 9. Female Gelis timarchae sp. nov., 3 - 6, 8 holotype 7, 9 paratype 3 habitus lateral 4 head dorsal 5 head facial 6 mesosoma dorsal 7 mesosoma lateral 8 metasoma dorsal 9 ovipositor and sheaths." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.64657.figures3-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537349" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figs 3-9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 10–14" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 10 - 14. 10 - 13 male Gelis timarchae sp. nov., paratype 10 habitus lateral 11 head dorsal 12 head facial 13 mesosoma lateral 14 non-paratype female G. timarchae, head dorsal (Germany)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.64657.figures10-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537350" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 10-13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 10–14" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 10 - 14. 10 - 13 male Gelis timarchae sp. nov., paratype 10 habitus lateral 11 head dorsal 12 head facial 13 mesosoma lateral 14 non-paratype female G. timarchae, head dorsal (Germany)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.64657.figures10-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537350" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">(type series); Figs 14</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15–18" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 15 - 18. Female Gelis timarchae sp. nov., non-paratype specimens 15 mesosoma lateral (Germany) 16 metasoma (Germany) 17 mesosoma lateral (Spain) 18 metasoma (Spain)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.64657.figures15-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537351" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 15-18 (additional material)</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-04-15" collectingDateMax="2019-10-26" collectingDateMin="2019-04-15" collectorName="P. Kan" country="France" location="National Museums of Scotland" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
)
</emphasis>
: &quot;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<collectingCountry name="France">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Var, Callas, La Ferrage du Ray ex
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Timarcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Timarcha nicaeensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicaeensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Timarcha nicaeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
egg under loose
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prunus dulcis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Prunus dulcis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bark coll.
<collectingDate value="2019-04-15">15.4.2019</collectingDate>
em.
<collectingDate value="2019-10-26">26.10.2019</collectingDate>
.
<collectorName>P. Kan</collectorName>
660.&quot; (
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AB87C35ECD8950F98B597CAF4455136F:0D3D03D88000D7E6FA4C132041365731" country="France" name="National Museums of Scotland">National Museums of Scotland</location>
(NMS), Edinburgh)
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount type="female">14 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="male">15 ♂</specimenCount>
)
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="P. Kan" country="France" location="National Museums of Scotland" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratypes">
same location, solitarily ex eggs of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Timarcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Timarcha nicaeensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicaeensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Timarcha nicaeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, various collection and emergence dates in 2019 and 2020, including rearings in culture (see Tables
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Rearings and dissections of wild-collected Timarcha eggs harbouring Gelis spp. collected at Callas. The ix-x. 2020 emergences were in Edinburgh, where the host eggs had been sent from Callas in early viii. 2020. All others emerged in Callas. All dissections were done in Edinburgh: only prepupae that were alive at the time of dissection are included. The 3 - digit code is used to relate parent and progeny in collection depositories; all G. timarchae with such a code are paratypes except that 660 is the holotype." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/066EF5A4EAC88BF5C5F971ED67B6FC82" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" tableUuid="066EF5A4EAC88BF5C5F971ED67B6FC82">1</tableCitation>
and
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Rearings of Gelis timarchae sp. nov. from cultured 2 day-old Timarcha nicaeensis eggs parasitized under observation, except for 679 in which the age of the egg is consequently also unknown. All parent Gelis females were virgin. The 3 - digit codes are used to relate parent and progeny in specimen depositories; all recorded adults are paratypes." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4A43AC19E441B47411C8C382E746685B" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" tableUuid="4A43AC19E441B47411C8C382E746685B">2</tableCitation>
, where all
<typeStatus>paratypes</typeStatus>
are recorded) (NMS, NHMUK, MSC)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741723" doi="10.3897/jhr.82.64657.figures3-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537349" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figures 3–9" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figures 3-9.</emphasis>
Female
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
3-6,
<specimenCount type="generic" typeStatus="holotype">8 holotype</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
7,
<specimenCount type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">9 paratype</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">3</emphasis>
habitus lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">4</emphasis>
head dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">5</emphasis>
head facial
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">6</emphasis>
mesosoma dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">7</emphasis>
mesosoma lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">8</emphasis>
metasoma dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">9</emphasis>
ovipositor and sheaths.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741725" doi="10.3897/jhr.82.64657.figures10-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537350" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figures 10–14" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figures 10-14.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
10-
<specimenCount type="male">13 male</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.,
<typeStatus>paratype</typeStatus>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">10</emphasis>
habitus lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">11</emphasis>
head dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12</emphasis>
head facial
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">13</emphasis>
mesosoma lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">14</emphasis>
non-paratype female
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. timarchae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, head dorsal (
<collectingCountry name="Germany">Germany</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Additional, non-paratype, material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Germany</emphasis>
: Sachsen,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kyffhäuser">Kyffhaeuser</normalizedToken>
Gebirge, Kattenhof, 450 m, 15.iv.1914, leg. Petry (1♀; ZSM); Ebelsbach (1♀; ZSM).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Spain</emphasis>
: El Coll, 7.iv.1895 (1♀; MNCN).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
It is intended that a CO1 barcode sequence will be obtained from one of the paratypes (783 in Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Rearings and dissections of wild-collected Timarcha eggs harbouring Gelis spp. collected at Callas. The ix-x. 2020 emergences were in Edinburgh, where the host eggs had been sent from Callas in early viii. 2020. All others emerged in Callas. All dissections were done in Edinburgh: only prepupae that were alive at the time of dissection are included. The 3 - digit code is used to relate parent and progeny in collection depositories; all G. timarchae with such a code are paratypes except that 660 is the holotype." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/066EF5A4EAC88BF5C5F971ED67B6FC82" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" tableUuid="066EF5A4EAC88BF5C5F971ED67B6FC82">1</tableCitation>
) and deposited in GenBank.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="066EF5A4EAC88BF5C5F971ED67B6FC82" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/066EF5A4EAC88BF5C5F971ED67B6FC82" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Table 1.</emphasis>
Rearings and dissections of wild-collected
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Timarcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Timarcha" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Timarcha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
eggs harbouring
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1827" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. collected at Callas. The ix-x.2020 emergences were in Edinburgh, where the host eggs had been sent from Callas in early viii.2020. All others emerged in Callas. All dissections were done in Edinburgh: only prepupae that were alive at the time of dissection are included. The 3-digit code is used to relate parent and progeny in collection depositories; all
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. timarchae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with such a code are paratypes except that 660 is the holotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
Date
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Timarcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Timarcha" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Timarcha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
egg collected
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1827" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(code)
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">Date emerged or (dissected)</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">Minimum days development</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">2.ii.2019</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♂
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(554)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">18.iii.2019</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">46</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">2.ii.2019</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♂
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(555)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">20.iii.2019</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">48</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">15.iii.2019</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(657)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">16.x.2019</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">215</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">15.iii.2019</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(659)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">25.x.2019</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">224</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">15.iii.2019</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(660)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">26.x.2019</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">225</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">12.i.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(669)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">29.i.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">17</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">12.i.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(714)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">4.v.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">113</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">29.i.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♂
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(767)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">20.ix.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">236</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">29.i.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♂
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(771)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">22.ix.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">238</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">29.i.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(778)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">6.x.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">252</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">29.i.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(781)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">16.x.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">262</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">23.iv.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♂
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(766)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">13.ix.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">144</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">23.iv.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(772)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">23.ix.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">154</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">23.iv.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(773)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">26.ix.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">157</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">23.iv.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(775)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">29.ix.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">160</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">23.iv.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(777)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">5.x.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">166</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">23.iv.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
prepupa
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">(23.xi.2020)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">&gt;215</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">8.vi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis proximus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proximus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis proximus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">1.vii.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">23</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">8.vi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
prepupa
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">(8.viii.2020)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">&gt;62</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">8.vi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
prepupa
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">(8.viii.2020)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">&gt;62</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">8.vi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
prepupa
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">(8.viii.2020)*</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">&gt;62</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">8.vi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♂
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(765)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">11.ix.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">96</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">8.vi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(768)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">21.ix.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">106</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">8.vi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(769)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">21.ix.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">106</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">8.vi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(776)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">29.ix.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">114</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">8.vi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♀
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(780)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">15.x.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">130</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">1.xi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♂
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(783)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">24.xi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">24</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">1.xi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">
♂
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(784)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">24.xi.2020</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rowspan="1">24</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<tableNote pageId="0" pageNumber="161">*Prepupa still alive on 23.xi.2020 (169 days), gut not voided.</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741727" doi="10.3897/jhr.82.64657.figures15-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537351" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figures 15–18" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figures 15-18.</emphasis>
Female
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz, Shaw &amp; Kan" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis timarchae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., non-paratype specimens
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">15</emphasis>
mesosoma lateral (Germany)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">16</emphasis>
metasoma (Germany)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">17</emphasis>
mesosoma lateral (Spain)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">18</emphasis>
metasoma (Spain).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Diagnosis and remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
In the female sex this species is most similar to
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bridgman" baseAuthorityYear="1883" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 19–24" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 19 - 24. Female Gelis brevis (23, 24 tentatively determined) 19 mesosoma lateral (UK) 20 metasoma (UK) 21 mesosoma lateral (Spain, Picos de Europa) 22 metasoma (Spain, Picos de Europa) 23 mesosoma lateral (Mallorca) 24 metasoma (Mallorca)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.64657.figures19-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537352" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">19-24</figureCitation>
, which include a doubtfully determined specimen) and, because both species are variable with somewhat overlapping characters, they are not always easily distinguished. In
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. timarchae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the propodeum is less steeply sloping caudally on average; and the second and often third tergites of the metasoma have dense, closely spaced setae with the distance between setae distinctly smaller than the length of setae, while in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. brevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the distance between setae varies from wider to somewhat smaller than the length of setae. In studied specimens of
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. brevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from UK (including the type of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bridgman" authorityYear="1883" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Pezomachus brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bridgman, 1883) and Germany the metasoma has widely spaced setae, though in material from southern Europe the setae are much closer, but still less densely spaced than in southern European material of
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. timarchae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The two specimens of
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. timarchae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seen from Germany have (especially) third tergites with setae distinctly more widely spaced (distance between setae longer on average than length of setae) than in material from southern France and Spain. From this we conclude that in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. brevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and less distinctly so in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. timarchae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the density of pilosity of the metasoma increases from north to south, as is also the case in western European
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. proximus" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="proximus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. proximus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Schwarz, M" journalOrPublisher="Linzer biologische Beitraege" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1293 - 1392" refId="B26" refString="Schwarz, M, 2002. Revision der westpalaearktischen Arten der Gattungen Gelis Thunberg mit apteren Weibchen und Thaumatogelis Schwarz (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Teil 3. Linzer biologische Beitraege 34: 1293 - 1392" title="Revision der westpalaearktischen Arten der Gattungen Gelis Thunberg mit apteren Weibchen und Thaumatogelis Schwarz (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Teil 3." volume="34" year="2002">Schwarz 2002</bibRefCitation>
). Further, in both
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. timarchae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. brevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the head is a little more transverse in larger specimens. Because the reared series is so constant and slightly different from other specimens that we regard as
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. timarchae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we choose to restrict the type series of
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. timarchae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the material originating from
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nicaeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="nicaeensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">T. nicaeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
eggs at Callas.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis fossae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis fossae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schwarz, known only from north-western Africa, also resembles
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. timarchae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. fossae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="fossae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. fossae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a deep furrow between the mesonotum and propodeum, and the hind tibia without setae dorsally. The males of
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. brevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. fossae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="fossae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. fossae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are unknown, but the male of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis rotundiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundiventris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis rotundiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
) resembles that of
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. timarchae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="timarchae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. timarchae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in many characters (e.g. propodeum evenly sloping from anterior margin, long first metasomal segment, colour). However,
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. rotundiventris" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="rotundiventris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G. rotundiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the mesoscutum with distinct notaulus, fore wing with 2m-cu nearly straight, propodeum medially distinctly granulate and matt, head behind the eyes weakly narrowed, and second and third tergites of metasoma with widely spaced setae.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741729" doi="10.3897/jhr.82.64657.figures19-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537352" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figures 19–24" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figures 19-24.</emphasis>
Female
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bridgman" baseAuthorityYear="1883" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gelis brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">23, 24</emphasis>
tentatively determined)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">19</emphasis>
mesosoma lateral (UK)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20</emphasis>
metasoma (UK)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">21</emphasis>
mesosoma lateral (Spain, Picos de Europa)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">22</emphasis>
metasoma (Spain, Picos de Europa)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">23</emphasis>
mesosoma lateral (Mallorca)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">24</emphasis>
metasoma (Mallorca).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Female</emphasis>
. Body length: 3.2-3.7 mm. Apterous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Antenna moderately thick and with 21-23 segments; third segment (without annellus) 2.3-2.7 times as long as wide and 0.8-0.9 times as long as fourth segment. Head mainly granulate and matt; face, frons and temple with very fine and scattered punctation. Clypeus strongly convex, only granulate above and with few distinct punctures placed more or less in a transverse row medially, lower part of clypeus smooth and lustrous. Clypeus with ventral margin depressed and evenly rounded, without tooth. Mandible with teeth of equal length. Malar space without a distinct furrow, but with a line of very fine granulation. Malar space 0.8-1.1 times as long as basal width of mandible. Genal carina joining hypostomal carina behind mandibular base. Head in dorsal view 1.9 times as wide as long. Head behind eyes short and strongly narrowed or sometimes moderately narrowed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Mesosoma</emphasis>
mainly granulate and weakly matt, but partly lustrous (e.g. mesopleuron). Mesonotum more or less fused with pronotum, short and 0.5-0.6 times as long as wide, without distinct depression medially. Scutellum very short and not distinctly separated from mesoscutum. Metanotum absent dorsally. Mesonotum and propodeum dorsally with moderately spaced setae. Furrow between mesonotum and propodeum of normal size, not unusually deep. Mesosternum ventrally very short and much shorter than diameter of antenna. In profile upper margin of propodeum not higher than upper margin of mesonotum. Propodeum with horizontal part short, about 0.5 times as long as sloping part. Propodeum sloping rather gently posteriorly, but degree of steepness somewhat variable. Posterior transverse carina present, but widely interrupted medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Hind femur 4.0-4.3 times as long as wide. Hind tibia somewhat widened and with densely placed setae dorsally.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Metasoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
First segment with dorso-lateral carina and ventro-lateral carina present, but rather weak. Second and often third tergites of metasoma with densely spaced setae, their distance distinctly smaller than length of setae on average. Laterotergite of second metasomal tergite moderately wide, about 3.0-3.5 times as long as wide. Ovipositor sheath 0.4-0.5 times as long as hind tibia. Ovipositor slender and straight, with nodus indistinct, its tip 3.8-4.0 times as long as wide and with very weak teeth ventrally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Colour</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Black. Orange-brown usually on scape partly or entirely, often pedicel, mandible except teeth, legs partly. Palpi, coxae partly, trochanters partly, fore and mid femora partly, hind femur, fore and mid tibiae often partly, hind tibia subbasally and apically brownish or blackish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Variaton (non-type material).</emphasis>
Body length 2.8-3.1 mm. Antenna with 20 segments; third segment (without annellus) 2.0-2.2 times as long as wide. Head in dorsal view 2.0 times as wide as long. Hind femur 3.0-3.5 times as long as wide. In German specimens distance between setae of third metasomal tergite longer than length of setae on average. Narrow caudal margins of first and second metasomal tergites orange-brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Male.</emphasis>
Body length: 3.0-3.5 mm. Macropterous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Antenna slender and with 24-27 segments; third segment (without annellus) 3.9-4.4 times as long as wide and 1.0-1.2 times as long as fourth segment; segments 11-12 with tyloids. Head mainly granulate and matt; face, frons and temple with very fine and scattered punctation or without distinct punctation. Clypeus strongly convex, only granulate above and with few distinct punctures placed more or less in a transverse row medially, lower part of clypeus smooth and lustrous. Clypeus with ventral margin depressed and evenly rounded, without tooth. Mandible with teeth of equal length. Malar space without a distinct furrow, but with a line of very fine granulation. Malar space 0.4-0.5 times as long as basal width of mandible. Genal carina joining hypostomal carina behind mandibular base. Ocelli large. Distance between eye and lateral ocellus (OOL) 0.7-0.9 times diameter of lateral ocellus. Head behind eyes moderately short and moderately narrowed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Mesosoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Mesoscutum with fine granulation and matt, with very fine and hardly recognisable punctation and with densely spaced setae. Mesopleuron weakly granulate and lustrous with scattered punctation. Metapleuron granulate and matt. Propodeum evenly sloping from anterior margin. Propodeum mainly granulate and matt and partly with rugosity (mainly anteriorly); area superomedia and area postica lustrous and with shallow sculpture. Pleural carina, posterior transverse carina laterally and lateromedian longitudinal carina distinct, but the latter usually very fine anteriorly; other carinae of propodeum absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Hind femur 5.1-5.8 times as long as wide. Hind tibia weakly widened.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Fore wing with pterostigma large and triangular. Marginal cell with RS beyond areolet nearly straight but distally weakly bent. Areolet open with 3rs-m absent. 2m-cu rather long, distinctly sinuate and with two widely separated bullae.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Metasoma</emphasis>
with first segment rather long and slender, dorso-lateral and ventro-lateral carinae present but rather weak, latero-median carina short and present close to spiracle. Second and third tergites of metasoma with densely spaced setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Colour</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Black. Tegula often brown or orange brown. Orange brown are sometimes postpetiole posteriorly, second tergite of metasoma usually entirely or more rarely only partly, third tergite partly or more rarely entirely, rarely fourth tergite anteriorly, sometimes coxae partly, trochantelli partly, trochanters entirely or partly, femora partly or entirely, fore and mid tibiae entirely or partly, hind tibia partly, fore and mid tarsi often partly. Hind tibia narrowly black basally, often brown subbasally and apically. Tarsi mainly brown. Fore wing with pterostigma blackish and only narrowly white basally. Mandible partly reddish. Palpi varying from mainly orange brown to blackish.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
The name refers to the host genus, meaning &quot;of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Timarcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Timarcha" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Timarcha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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