treatments-xml/data/A9/C3/4F/A9C34FF1BB2A59C48C542BDA2CBD67A7.xml

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<mods:title id="A171E624957CA6B5A2D647E5F0404D73">Synopsis of Schizanthus Ruiz &amp; Pav. (Solanaceae), a genus endemic to the southern Andes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AFC6AD47C48C6A326A5554E7ED721A1D">Morales-Fierro, Vanezza</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E0E2B034EF24789893B2D728EE18272A">Independent researcher. Avenida Vicuna Mackenna Oriente 6640, Santiago, Chile</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EE476F3E085B2549445829D7182F24C2">Munoz-Schick, Melica</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A72F557A7C1E7CAE5E431E3F2C3C3339">Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Casilla 787, Santiago, Chile</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9482850CCCD66148EE65775BEC0B64E6">Moreira-Munoz, Andres</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="53ACA3ED22AB8FC7A5BB7131C0C14CF9">Instituto de Geografia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Avenida Brasil 2241, Valparaiso, Chile</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="A9C34FF1BB2A59C48C542BDA2CBD67A7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166095728" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9C34FF1BB2A59C48C542BDA2CBD67A7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A9C34FF1BB2A59C48C542BDA2CBD67A7" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" scope_family="Solanaceae">
<subSubSection id="062D63583C07A8EA175705FB0F445CA1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="AC905DD73AD2A4BF30337FBF7FDC5DEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
7. 
<taxonomicName id="7B7AFF9248670C877469620844342FF4" ID-CoL="79VC6" LSID="A9C34FF1-BB2A-59C4-8C54-2BDA2CBD67A7" authority="Ruiz &amp; Pav., Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz &amp; Pavon] 1: 13. 1798" authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pav., Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz &amp; Pavon] 1: 13." authorityYear="1798" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Schizanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schizanthus pinnatus" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnatus">Schizanthus pinnatus Ruiz &amp; Pav., Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz &amp; Pavon] 1: 13. 1798</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="7B8F327A8673407D08BF5407CD483C58" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A distribution of Schizanthus alpestris B examples of S. alpestris in Cuesta Pajonales C Cordillera El Melon D Las Chinchillas National Reserve E distribution of Schizanthus laetus F examples of S. laetus in Quebrada Los Yales G Quebrada Peralito H Taltal I distribution of Schizanthus pinnatus J illustration of S. pinnatus published with the description of the species (Ruiz and Pavon 1798) K examples of S. pinnatus on road from Los Angeles to Antuco L Cerro Poqui. Photos by A Moreira-Munoz (B-D), M. T. Eyzaguirre (F, G, L), M. Aldunate (H), S. Moreira (K)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.154.49615.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/438834" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Fig. 3I-L</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="38F6ACED0A273AEE15F9DEFE68A94334" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="ED8A90AAF36E77ABE81AB0C196FE43B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="14A8A43CC159ADA47D907460F0F49320" authorityName="Clos" authorityYear="1849" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Schizanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schizanthus gracilis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">
Schizanthus pinnatus 
<normalizedToken id="B84C425F7EAA07117AA306E5D6048F32" originalValue="β">β</normalizedToken>
? gracilis
</taxonomicName>
Benth., Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 202. 1846.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="379AEECCCEC20C9B5854CDC36C5F26E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="993AC7D54A94A0D19587ED5E9D46453C" authorityName="Clos" authorityYear="1849" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Schizanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schizanthus gracilis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">Schizanthus gracilis</taxonomicName>
(Benth.) Clos, Fl. Chil. [Gay] 5(2): 153. 1849.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B5318ADDD4A647A5735E8D2DCCE240DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="BE888F456DA7C16859FEB1C1E03E2074" authorityName="Phil" authorityYear="1859" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Schizanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schizanthus gayanus" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gayanus">Schizanthus gayanus</taxonomicName>
Phil., Linnaea 30(2): 198. 1859.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E9C89304F8B766C5F148C852FDE1798" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="0238097F71D953B5E47AE81647A8430D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Schizanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schizanthus latifolius" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolius">Schizanthus latifolius</taxonomicName>
Phil., Linnaea 33(2): 214. 1864.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19A60ECB10400606AE507C3540B401F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="6DD9E2DA7B2545CDEBAAF3DC07BB28BA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Eutoca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eutoca pedunculosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculosa">Eutoca pedunculosa</taxonomicName>
Phil. Anal. Univ. Chile 65: 61. 1884.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0AA41770C2BD2721D3F79A2D8FAA2DEA" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="588D61B9D1CC9F3149A25C11243C7104" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Schizanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schizanthus humilis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">Schizanthus humilis</taxonomicName>
Phil., Anal. Univ. Chile 91: 118. 1895.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="570459C1D00107389CAC6EAF6FEBF355" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="89DEE5F25E79E74739C797424CC0F360" authorityName="Phil" authorityYear="1895" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Schizanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schizanthus floribundus" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribundus">Schizanthus floribundus</taxonomicName>
Phil., Anal. Univ. Chile 91: 119. 1895.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A8E2886BD8F62ED26985B61AFE8C9BE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="2D91653DDF6250D877C3A49201EAE850" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2FFE06F79C770BD896384D428F961022" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
Chile. Unknown: Chili, 
<emphasis id="AD99EECE69E0519C0A1A7891714FB45A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">J. Dombey s.n.</emphasis>
(lectotype designated by 
<bibRefCitation id="439770534A5184B8ABBAF7AFD28C1FEC" author="Grau, J" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung Muenchen" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="111 - 203" refId="B12" refString="Grau, J, Gronbach, E, 1984. Untersuchungen zur Variabilitaet in der Gattung Schizanthus (Solanaceae). Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung Muenchen 20: 111 - 203" title="Untersuchungen zur Variabilitaet in der Gattung Schizanthus (Solanaceae)." volume="20" year="1984">Grau and Gronbach 1984</bibRefCitation>
, pg. 139 [as type]: BM! [BM000992219]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1872649856682A83BF79F1C283B3A777" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="taxonomic notes">
<paragraph id="E07344889AF04ABFB74BFE3C0296C6E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Taxonomic notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F53C82DC5D44BA1FDEE1AA6D9ABBD3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
This species was described on 
<bibRefCitation id="B94E73BF8976762E21564963D5D6583A" author="Ruiz, H" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" refId="B45" refString="Ruiz, H, Pavon, JA, 1798. Flora Peruviana, et Chilensis I. Gabrielis de Sancha, Madrid I-VI: 1-78." title="Flora Peruviana, et Chilensis I. Gabrielis de Sancha, Madrid I-VI: 1 - 78." year="1798">
Ruiz and 
<normalizedToken id="4AE79D0AB84D00DB9A1052C678A636A4" originalValue="Pavón">Pavon</normalizedToken>
(1798)
</bibRefCitation>
using the samples collected in Chile, during the botanical expedition to the Viceroyalty of Peru. The expedition to the Chilean territory was undertaken from 27th January of 1782 until October of 1783 with the participation of 
<normalizedToken id="18ABB0E1DF49B4F3B80F59BD0AC19B6E" originalValue="Hipólito">Hipolito</normalizedToken>
Ruiz, 
<normalizedToken id="1D72E2B281964ABAC432841D4690CC5B" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D32F39548E3257F0947F9CC271D0078A" originalValue="Pavón">Pavon</normalizedToken>
and Joseph Dombey (
<bibRefCitation id="DE2EEEB4303C143D2DF50E3F08A77AB4" author="Marticorena, C" journalOrPublisher="Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" refId="B24" refString="Marticorena, C, 1995. Historia de la exploracion botanica en Chile. In: Marticorena C, Rodriguez R (Eds) Flora de Chile 1. Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion" title="Historia de la exploracion botanica en Chile. In: Marticorena C, Rodriguez R (Eds) Flora de Chile 1." year="1995">Marticorena 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D9319C2E7483467BD0DA0CCD8B74A999" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
Regarding the type material, the protologue clearly states that the authors of the species had access to material from different collections: &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="D193E27D3A59C43352ECC0A0C74324F9" genus="Esquadron" lsidName="Esquadron" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F8C8AF77534C4642E2CFC3DE7DAB952F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Esquadron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; [
<normalizedToken id="5FBDF1684081016F91CDA17C4CA1438E" originalValue="Escuadrón">Escuadron</normalizedToken>
] located in the Municipality of Coronel and &quot; 
<emphasis id="ED3CE99CF170D1680F2D3D77EC121E37" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<normalizedToken id="A61D16D6A2765BB1A34CB0086FDFB1BD" originalValue="Araucanía">Araucania</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
&quot;, referring to an area they visited. Therefore, the samples matching the protologue should be recognised as syntypes, requiring lectotypification.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1085663083FBDA81C7A8D46D8078A34" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
We have found 11 herbarium sheets in five herbaria that correspond to this expedition (BM [BM000992219, BM000994723], F [V0126154F], MA [MA 815287, MA 815288, MA 815289], L [L.2881253], P [P00477581, P00477582, P00477583, P00675638]). Most of the sheets mentioned only the country of origin, except for the specimens at MA [MA 815287] and P [P00477583], which mentioned a more detailed locality: &quot; 
<emphasis id="20E9AF101E6075B5D24A1016E59D0985" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
In Coronel juxta 
<taxonomicName id="3D1F1BEFCEE6D22F45E3685A11B8C5C3" genus="Concepcion" lsidName="Concepcion" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="genus">Concepcion</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
&quot; and &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="D15600DA0C446ECFBA25D28243A1BD46" genus="Concepcion" lsidName="Concepcion" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0EEED73E38A6AADD42963A102B8F9025" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Concepcion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot;, respectively. The specimen at MA [MA 815287] gives a date (February) that agrees to the time when the collectors visited the localities mentioned in the protologue. It is also accompanied by the handwritten description and some drawings of the species. This specimen was identified as lectotype by F. Bellot in 1974 but he never appropriately published his findings. Later, the specimen at BM was cited as the lectotype of the species by 
<bibRefCitation id="93F5AE1A120E40B77831C1A1F4AE4961" author="Grau, J" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung Muenchen" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="111 - 203" refId="B12" refString="Grau, J, Gronbach, E, 1984. Untersuchungen zur Variabilitaet in der Gattung Schizanthus (Solanaceae). Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung Muenchen 20: 111 - 203" title="Untersuchungen zur Variabilitaet in der Gattung Schizanthus (Solanaceae)." volume="20" year="1984">Grau and Gronbach (1984</bibRefCitation>
: 139), as it matches the protologue and what is known about the possible collectors (&quot; 
<emphasis id="9A6FD0E0B5221ACC0520E819A9F20D54" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chili</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="1BFB234580F72D00EED1027844FF318B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Dombey</emphasis>
&quot;). We are not designating any of the additional 10 specimens we have seen as isolectotypes, because the lack of data on their labels does not allow us to verify if any of them are duplicates of the lectotype.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2E8B2BCF144FFB020FD6063FEE8620" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
We do not know why 
<bibRefCitation id="D187A50758171E6639F6697C4B8DE742" author="Grau, J" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung Muenchen" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="111 - 203" refId="B12" refString="Grau, J, Gronbach, E, 1984. Untersuchungen zur Variabilitaet in der Gattung Schizanthus (Solanaceae). Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung Muenchen 20: 111 - 203" title="Untersuchungen zur Variabilitaet in der Gattung Schizanthus (Solanaceae)." volume="20" year="1984">Grau and Gronbach (1984)</bibRefCitation>
chose the specimen at BM over the sheet at MA, where most of the types by Ruiz and 
<normalizedToken id="C2038430EC699A3BB2D65D36D0675B9B" originalValue="Pavón">Pavon</normalizedToken>
are deposited (
<bibRefCitation id="3EF2BF8CE298CA3A31DFCD75237BFC27" author="Stafleu, FA" journalOrPublisher=", Publisher, The Hague / Boston" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" refId="B50" refString="Stafleu, FA, Cowan, RS, 1983. Taxonomic Literature. A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types (2nd ed.). Volume IV: P-Sak. Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht &amp; dr. W Junk b.v., Publisher, The Hague/Boston" title="Taxonomic Literature. A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types (2 nd ed.). Volume IV: P-Sak. Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht &amp; dr. W Junk b. v." year="1983">Stafleu and Cowan 1983</bibRefCitation>
). We have examined 
<bibRefCitation id="F3A451EB498128679FF01F2EC45F8C63" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" author="Turland, NJ" journalOrPublisher="Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" refId="B54" refString="Turland, NJ, Wiersema, JH, Barrie, FR, Greuter, W, Hawksworth, DL, Herendeen, PS, Knapp, S, Kusber, WH, Li, DZ, Marhold, K, May, TW, McNeill, J, Monro, AM, Prado, J, Price, MJ, Smith, GF, 2018. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" title="International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" year="2018">Turland et al. (2018</bibRefCitation>
, Art. 9.19.), without finding valid arguments for replacing the lectotypification made by 
<bibRefCitation id="1DDA99DD50D29D256EE0DB4BC75D3F6B" author="Grau, J" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung Muenchen" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="111 - 203" refId="B12" refString="Grau, J, Gronbach, E, 1984. Untersuchungen zur Variabilitaet in der Gattung Schizanthus (Solanaceae). Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung Muenchen 20: 111 - 203" title="Untersuchungen zur Variabilitaet in der Gattung Schizanthus (Solanaceae)." volume="20" year="1984">Grau and Gronbach (1984)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F555C9CDF9F2E0567209C5BB43F57B68" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="key">
<paragraph id="4E9912E34ADB46BB5AD982FABFD4E1AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Key characters.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6056E1C7C5E459FC8B257E46625F9878" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">This species has small flowers (16-20 mm long, 14-15 mm wide), with the lower lip a little longer than the upper lip. Corolla colour from purple to white, upper middle lobe oblong, white or pale yellow at the base, this area dotted with dark spots and surrounded by a regular or irregular purple stripe (sometimes absent). The upper lateral lobes also have dark spots, which are sometimes faint.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5B76D85221E60EAA9C0DDF86D7E92AC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="36AB69912D01D4D1F56222F20EF0484D" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="969C80C7264714B49DBF5BC83FCC1940" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
Endemic to Chile, between the Regions of 
<normalizedToken id="B9D3A551D3A62A7975DB555FDA4157C9" originalValue="Valparaíso">Valparaiso</normalizedToken>
(Province of San Antonio, 33°35' lat. S) and Los Lagos (Province of Osorno, 40°30' lat. S). 30-2000 m a.s.l.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0BE9475444FE66C97FC64A967D9929EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="F8AEF0B5965DFB21BD3A36DF65692C88" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F4E6EF3D4D731B34CE3EB2D5EE8F02B" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="7F9379C3F96DF029A38DAFF453A5F825" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Schizanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schizanthus pinnatus" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnatus">
<emphasis id="049615485E655A4E0C6349D54812F515" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Schizanthus pinnatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be found on dry hillsides and alluvial terraces of native forest and matorrals; in some areas it grows under plants of 
<taxonomicName id="927D331B076E88FBF84BB400CB166CBF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia caven" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caven">
<emphasis id="5CD77F8E898F8F74362CCF7434FE33DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Acacia caven</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Molina) Molina (
<taxonomicName id="81B81BC55F92B2CC52817DE4F74F4B60" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
). Abundantly in harvested plantation of 
<taxonomicName id="6223334B5D5C7301B40D3FBD2BC94AA2" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus radiata" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radiata">
<emphasis id="58291FD89088F90F38B60823D2388BBC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Pinus radiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
D.Don (
<taxonomicName id="CF7A131E2888AD29C7F773B568ABAFB2" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F3CF222B9D504129EE38B6F210AC01A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="ED80A72FBD2ABD8D277127D3F0AB04E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Conservation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A09B2DA2D7EA2ACA02314CA281154ED7" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="0B49F796B31CAA079CA82D50E6ADF15D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chile. Metropolitana</emphasis>
: Altos de Cantillana Natural Sanctuary; 
<emphasis id="0BC154F1D38D6DE97084D771700F64C2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<normalizedToken id="1C6656F04A80E96A3F924DB77FAA0CC3" originalValue="O’Higgins">O'Higgins</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Alto Huemul Natural Sanctuary; 
<emphasis id="D1EA174EDA3CCE6903585E2DB9A6FDCF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Maule</emphasis>
: Radal Siete Tazas National Park, Altos de Lircay National Reserve, Bellotos del Melado National Reserve, 
<normalizedToken id="74EED88250B774C0943C5630C83A1527" originalValue="Cajón">Cajon</normalizedToken>
del 
<normalizedToken id="9AE6A9B18C1168D368494F6986168B0E" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Achibueno Natural Sanctuary (
<bibRefCitation id="491886D52FF45888508CD7863B075D62" author="Bravo Monasterio, P" journalOrPublisher="V. Masson, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" refId="B4" refString="Bravo Monasterio, P, Baeza Horta, G, Gallardo Ramirez, G, Contreras Fernandez, D, 2014. Biodiversidad de Altos de Achibueno: Guia para identificar especies (2a ed.). Programa de Ecologia y Biodiversidad Carilemu, 86 pp." title="Biodiversidad de Altos de Achibueno: Guia para identificar especies (2 a ed.). Programa de Ecologia y Biodiversidad Carilemu, 86 pp." year="2014">Bravo Monasterio et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
), Humedal de Reloca Natural Sanctuary; 
<emphasis id="11C9288978A4F961EFCA03F1E70A3688" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<normalizedToken id="5881E922553ECC0E5AD6BB99FEC50663" originalValue="Ñuble">Nuble</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Los Huemules de Niblinto National Reserve (
<bibRefCitation id="0B6E89A889E71947A7142497AE09917D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432008000200005" author="Rodriguez, R" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="153 - 197" refId="B41" refString="Rodriguez, R, Grau, J, Baeza, C, Davies, A, 2008. Lista comentada de las plantas vasculares de los Nevados de Chillan, Chile. Gayana. Botanica 65 (2): 153 - 197, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432008000200005" title="Lista comentada de las plantas vasculares de los Nevados de Chillan, Chile. Gayana." url="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432008000200005" volume="65" year="2008">
<normalizedToken id="1F582CB27B4E2445BFF652ECB283D948" originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
et al. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="9E8C4F09EA5998F20BF903C0601C6334" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<normalizedToken id="457AF8DB83244CB043FCF18CBB9912FF" originalValue="Araucanía">Araucania</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Nahuelbuta National Park.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EFD2FAA9319527F5139A5A34A346EA37" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E4EB34C5FB0558EDF5738BA06FE2C2FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6C23E9367FE12D3291152B44CBBE0F07" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="C83834F857098EF89B47D9744AC15B7F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
Chile. 
<normalizedToken id="B5254829B283807F252734E82D7AC2DB" originalValue="Valparaíso">Valparaiso</normalizedToken>
: [San Antonio Province
</emphasis>
] Rocas de Santo Domingo, Oct 1956, 
<emphasis id="B9DAF2F84B8A5621333FD1BB32072CF8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">G. Galingo s.n.</emphasis>
(CONC); 
<emphasis id="40B7B2ABB501013324E9F0A5F8BD37A6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Metropolitana: [Maipo Province</emphasis>
] Cerro Challay, 2 Nov 1993, 
<emphasis id="562506033F3A413509630F7D48455440" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
R. 
<normalizedToken id="31BE06E7C897D3487D7E850651A0CE26" originalValue="Peña">Pena</normalizedToken>
840
</emphasis>
(SGO); 
<emphasis id="73B15FB298A2D466AB2A53848B57333B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<normalizedToken id="54E00274E0207DBEDAB055DF9E7D6D02" originalValue="O’Higgins">O'Higgins</normalizedToken>
: [Cachapoal Province
</emphasis>
] Rancagua, old road to Termas de Cauquenes S of 
<normalizedToken id="2E848EDD999DFA7D6E41241DCAEB0BB0" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Cachapoal, ca. 12 km E of Hwy. 5 (Panamericana), 
<geoCoordinate id="8E9524E20F94B098979A475A75188FA2" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-34.25">34°15'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="0F1FB0139414218E9945B6C211DDA97A" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.75">70°45'W</geoCoordinate>
, 6 Oct 1993, 
<emphasis id="3E507915CFFBAED14C24155ED0163063" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">L.R. Landrum &amp; S.S. Landrum 7900</emphasis>
(ASU); 
<normalizedToken id="03A710BC561DEBD174660FB76EF1DED1" originalValue="Cocalán">Cocalan</normalizedToken>
(lad. exp. N), coord. UTM 300777E - 6213646N, 197 m a.s.l., 22 Nov 2005, 
<emphasis id="DEFB10DCDF91726757FEE5F53C6CE552" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
N. 
<normalizedToken id="FEF5AC6AFD9228C10C53FE4238D0F273" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, F. Romero &amp; P. Contreras 2948
</emphasis>
(CONC); Ex Laguna de Tagua-Tagua, Valle o Rinconada de Huinca, desde las casas hasta 200 m alt, 10 Nov 1967, 
<emphasis id="6C3C3DFA0C285C7E6333DA43F0AED3E9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
M. 
<normalizedToken id="C746970A85CB1CCFA0D6DDF5DBA9DD15" originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
156
</emphasis>
(SGO); [
<emphasis id="76CE01752C282228D34C871931B1E640" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Cardenal Caro Province</emphasis>
] El Espinillo, Poza El Encanto (ladera norte), coord. UTM 236051E - 6177258N, 33 m a.s.l., 29 Oct 2005, 
<emphasis id="130125F93656823BEDF79986B1D32554" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
N. 
<normalizedToken id="D812E9013182DB2C2C8CF9B6832A88E9" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, F. Romero &amp; P. Contreras 2368
</emphasis>
(CONC); 
<normalizedToken id="28195CD44902E35919084DADC61BB700" originalValue="Tanumé">Tanume</normalizedToken>
, Quebrada Honda (ladera 
<normalizedToken id="22DD1888E0729A6A34B07336C7BBF92C" originalValue="exposición">exposicion</normalizedToken>
norte), coord. UTM 232675E - 6213295N, 262 m a.s.l., 25 Oct 2005, 
<emphasis id="D8C7CAE04305C06E64789A9A7F7B4649" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
N. 
<normalizedToken id="39BE7AFD19B8E9713F3F0A2A7636E0B5" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, F. Romero &amp; P. Contreras 2178
</emphasis>
(CONC); [
<emphasis id="CB329BE762362C15674A37E841A6AFDE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Colchagua Province</emphasis>
] San Fernando, Fundo Los Alpes, 
<normalizedToken id="59C5E9E8328346BAD9137CDB9AB80944" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Antivero, 26 Nov 1949, 
<emphasis id="140F9B9E027CBDC925B6EFAB1A963CC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
T. 
<normalizedToken id="637DC84998F8ACE535C69B41BDDA7897" originalValue="Gutiérrez">Gutierrez</normalizedToken>
54
</emphasis>
(SGO); Yaquil (plano inclinado exp. S), coord. UTM 299844E - 6167762N, 277 m a.s.l., 18 Nov 2005, 
<emphasis id="C05642177ED74475A14B4E82C6CE0137" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
N. 
<normalizedToken id="5A5610A133FFA807CEC2D126B97184CD" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, F. Romero &amp; P. Contreras 2740
</emphasis>
(CONC); 
<emphasis id="B292B46B4BDC6F73096CE41B54EF42B4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
Maule: [
<normalizedToken id="617D893E0642AE5476B7AA5F2EF9147F" originalValue="Curicó">Curico</normalizedToken>
Province
</emphasis>
] Reserva Nacional Radal Siete Tazas, 35°26'870&quot;S, 71°2'298&quot;W, 803 m a.s.l., 11 Dec 2004, 
<emphasis id="09EEC0089BBA17AB3FA229A4957A3878" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. Marticorena</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="352881A3310990C8F14A98A78D53ECC7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
A. 
<normalizedToken id="C42C2C4955476F109B34EF4E002494E7" originalValue="Jiménez">Jimenez</normalizedToken>
&amp; A. Pauchard 37
</emphasis>
(CONC); [
<emphasis id="E9A5F8FD8B1FEF1E08EBC47523460A35" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Talca Province</emphasis>
] Alto de Vilches, Laguna El Alto, a orilla de la laguna, 
<geoCoordinate id="E714A342C5C1BD83737E6528B6BC53A4" degrees="35" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-35.616665">35°37'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="FE445B861333E28719DA1BF1C2B4DC47" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="1" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-71.01667">71°1'W</geoCoordinate>
, 2050 m a.s.l., 31 Jan 2000, 
<emphasis id="7F9D824F3A9C9C625FD9F7EB14AF0F46" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
V. Finot &amp; P. 
<normalizedToken id="37BD288A88499FB935CBE34D555573B8" originalValue="López">Lopez</normalizedToken>
1886
</emphasis>
(CONC); 
<normalizedToken id="3E2FD30004A814A6EA7615B5B3F04388" originalValue="Constitución">Constitucion</normalizedToken>
, 19 Oct 1942, 
<emphasis id="5FB4A1EDE29F63833E963D8A2AA4CF12" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">R. Silva 224</emphasis>
(SGO); [
<emphasis id="8BD49828E83FC68E21F1167DB3B7A222" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Linares Province</emphasis>
] Tranque Bullileo, 600 m a.s.l., 11 Jan 1952, 
<emphasis id="FA463CC95395FA5E7CBEEA425B3447F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">P. Aravena 67</emphasis>
(SGO, US); [
<emphasis id="3C677D743173AFD9A12669E2E885AD8D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Cauquenes Province</emphasis>
] Santuario Reloca, 
<geoCoordinate id="7258F02CC45A35A4E4BA32BC98D244B2" degrees="35" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-35.65">35°39'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="B2BAC4060995D20093E549BCE1DC479F" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.583336">72°35'W</geoCoordinate>
, 40 m a.s.l., 1 Oct 1999, 
<emphasis id="4AD44B75C1B90559C6D7A8667AFE2C1F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">M.T.K. Arroyo</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="AAFA697A42029D7FC9620A0489FE0F9E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">J. Armesto</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="338008456F4D50CB314CAC733C90D71F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
A.M. 
<normalizedToken id="0FCAFCC7681D9F9B152FC59F24EAF2D5" originalValue="Humaña">Humana</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="8F39248F80D18DC9CD0F64BE8989C0C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
F. 
<normalizedToken id="BB0F63DCA30F440014E70F9871EDA716" originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="A08BA95306B1B97DF4C363516B1581B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. Rougier &amp; R. Guevara 992712</emphasis>
(CONC); 
<emphasis id="23032CED6A64D3B5672500AF57068F5A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<normalizedToken id="3A4060C99FABCDC4F65BFBE00DF7DE5A" originalValue="Ñuble">Nuble</normalizedToken>
: [
<normalizedToken id="1603864554A5BD1CBD6C0AF25465735E" originalValue="Diguillín">Diguillin</normalizedToken>
Province
</emphasis>
] Palomares, 
<geoCoordinate id="052B7A9805171557785C66E95508925B" degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="4.23" value="-36.56784">36°34'4.23&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9D5B6EAF21D7212EEB464F525E827A3D" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="34.69" value="-72.609634">72°36'34.69&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 57 m a.s.l., Nov 2008, 
<emphasis id="3E339014C6074D84F38C8EFE73FEBF18" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. Marticorena s.n.</emphasis>
(CONC); 
<normalizedToken id="CD0DA34B5CB6C695EFF00D6C67AB0136" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A0CD7B436E51DC3FB131EB921F3DECD5" originalValue="Chillán">Chillan</normalizedToken>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="5105804FA61A7383CE5C872EC0EE9F5D" degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-36.633335">36°38'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="F19B429AEDE6C8BB5E0AA1F6C25ACFD6" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="4" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.066666">72°4'W</geoCoordinate>
, 120 m a.s.l., 2 Dec 2008, 
<emphasis id="C730C7A3034C91FE909FBD6028B85F52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
N. 
<normalizedToken id="97779324591CD1E4B190800322770C1A" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
4332
</emphasis>
(CONC); [
<emphasis id="76E6F8AEE9AC73F6C49B6BDF4A5B6A65" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Itata Province</emphasis>
] 
<normalizedToken id="7C03A5CB8117337E71EAD064846E7B39" originalValue="Huechupín">Huechupin</normalizedToken>
, Mar 1864, 
<emphasis id="B20CF506E599447AAB5BFB6C090485A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
M. de 
<normalizedToken id="64E6ACDF2994D279DECCBE0AF305B297" originalValue="Solís">Solis</normalizedToken>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(SGO); 
<emphasis id="31A18B65CBE198D389FBC77BA97785DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<normalizedToken id="D2A0EEF24462E3611396BFF1D1B4587B" originalValue="Biobío">Biobio</normalizedToken>
: [
<normalizedToken id="C7732ED1E3C543162A03568666D39B1D" originalValue="Concepción">Concepcion</normalizedToken>
Province
</emphasis>
], San Pedro, 18 Dec 1960, 
<emphasis id="3B61A7995B09BA7E3F9D7D9F769FDF75" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C.S. Takayama s.n.</emphasis>
(CONC); [
<emphasis id="DD8964A628217EFDBE92658388D6E104" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<normalizedToken id="51CDEB1BE02D9F9A56CCB110985A1905" originalValue="Biobío">Biobio</normalizedToken>
Province
</emphasis>
] Antuco, 21 Dec 1964, 
<emphasis id="D7F5B23F1FBD7FE9D557531ED246F75F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">G. Montero s.n.</emphasis>
(CONC); Los 
<normalizedToken id="E33B98A0BCBFCE1B38536BC6936E7EC1" originalValue="Ángeles">Angeles</normalizedToken>
, Antuco, 21 Dec 1964, 
<emphasis id="7EAA1D23827243EF029EE36B2BD39D6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">G. Montero 7052</emphasis>
(IND); Nacimiento, Fundo El Tambillo, 12 Nov 1950, 
<emphasis id="921DD56E0E8B86BC83D6A3254C65CB55" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. Pfister s.n.</emphasis>
(CONC); [
<emphasis id="81CBC0E2DABED31089E466684A7FD1F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Arauco Province</emphasis>
] Laraquete, 15 Dec 1950, 
<emphasis id="CDED42AF40180F6F83FE6727867190AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. Pfister &amp; M. Ricardi s.n.</emphasis>
(CONC); Arauco, Dec 1927, 
<emphasis id="45626556137A7330BCD8B7D0A1A8DCB8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Bro. Claude-Joseph 5613</emphasis>
(US); 
<emphasis id="AD203E91594996DC1A9A36AA75DAC2FF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<normalizedToken id="75FBE51B58148CCE288864CE20260A50" originalValue="Araucanía">Araucania</normalizedToken>
: [Malleco Province
</emphasis>
] Mininco, 10 Nov 1953, 
<emphasis id="F6BBB86F9032F81FAE4875ABD50A05F9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">H. Gunckel 2285</emphasis>
(CONC); Fuera del Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta, 1 Dec 1987, 
<emphasis id="8BD2660DAA2856C0E3A0F9D639B3DAC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">I. Meza &amp; E. Barrera 1651</emphasis>
(SGO); Fundo Solano, Los Alpes, Cordillera de Nahuelbuta, 1200 m a.s.l., 18 Jan 1958, 
<emphasis id="5C78AD95CCF8C55A8E86CC77749871CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">W.J. Eyerdam 10347</emphasis>
(US); [
<emphasis id="4EEF5C68FE1E25D3C78797AED3EF48D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<normalizedToken id="F3755B4280DF4CB6978465C6515715E5" originalValue="Cautín">Cautin</normalizedToken>
Province
</emphasis>
] 
<normalizedToken id="8639344D18456473F079C687B66FA4CD" originalValue="Pucón">Pucon</normalizedToken>
- Lago Villarrica, Feb 1935, 
<emphasis id="673DADA6EFB40EC6851A6F2935F89CCF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. Pfister s.n.</emphasis>
(CONC); 
<emphasis id="7D73E67B3E9FC4662395F50CF74493E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
Los 
<normalizedToken id="824CBE6506183AAD4F003D413389AEA6" originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
: [Valdivia Province
</emphasis>
] Quinchilca, 70 m a.s.l., 20 Jan 1942, 
<emphasis id="A1B8EED79461047F99FDC254B314E13D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. Hollermayer 557</emphasis>
(SGO); 
<normalizedToken id="56D4829AE5588BC156DDC7322A598E27" originalValue="Puñire">Punire</normalizedToken>
[Panguipulli], ca. 200 m a.s.l., Feb 1925, 
<emphasis id="5D68B87C492EE2A8EE3AD9425ABBB477" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A. Hollermayer 694</emphasis>
(CONC, E, F, L, SI, US); [
<emphasis id="D8DBD9955523D6C597496F8F3EDBC174" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Del Ranco Province</emphasis>
] Daglipulli, Feb 1835, 
<emphasis id="8DA57B3299CB6D72E06B8D7D43DD0CF3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. Gay 176</emphasis>
(P); 
<emphasis id="95619F5ACF47BEF00C7FD60AA11DF4B0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Los Lagos: [Osorno Province</emphasis>
] In sepiis rarissimus Osorno, Mar 1835, 
<emphasis id="D558CDA2AAC6EEABED004BD038819A7B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. Gay 177</emphasis>
(P); Ad flumen Pilmaiquen, 
<emphasis id="3F99686A26297A80DC470D5BCA93732B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. Cueto s.n.</emphasis>
(SGO).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>