291 lines
34 KiB
XML
291 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="C3E08BDEF106AD8939ADBE12C40F8D5B" ID-CLB-Dataset="36851" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3799.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d9f29df5-52ff-451f-a367-f9fdb29b180f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="286090" ID-ZooBank="56DD05E1-C61C-4D37-9454-396840EB67C0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460422790352" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gibbs, David" docDate="2014" docId="A96887E8FFF9FFBEFF43FEEDFE3F0342" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03799p085.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3799 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Usia transcaspica Paramonov 1950" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="5551FF90FFD5FF90FFD4FFCAFFF60616" masterDocTitle="A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="45" updateTime="1698330265731" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0C095412F333B6B7441CA8F9AB6BB913">
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<mods:title id="1B588233765335EA1C6E305029967FBB">A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="83EBAC536DC46F1101D74CB66AE1D126" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="FC5DAC211EA09D10986A0A9EA8C1973B">Gibbs, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="88C819BD4FAD97637AC8D0C589A60D20">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="88810D4CD75295BED3BEF24A3CE5A7D5">
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<mods:date id="9786FC6E3563EE4102D1C2310A67211D">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="347AF7640B282DE94144D9EDB65E79C4">2014-05-22</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="497191F72FBD0B7D787E4A21A51D7CAC" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="88F061689B1A86F0D51ECABFDC6B40A9">3799</mods:number>
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<treatment id="A96887E8FFF9FFBEFF43FEEDFE3F0342" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6135502" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127667892" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6135502" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A96887E8FFF9FFBEFF43FEEDFE3F0342" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A96887E8FFF9FFBEFF43FEEDFE3F0342" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<subSubSection id="69DB6575FFF9FFBCFF43FEEDFF0B0775" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="217E36FEFFF9FFBCFF43FEEDFDBB0754" blockId="44.[151,589,295,355]" box="[151,589,295,322]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<heading id="7A368192FFF9FFBCFF43FEEDFDBB0754" bold="true" box="[151,589,295,322]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFF9FFBCFF43FEEDFDBB0754" ID-CoL="8FL6T" authority="Paramonov, 1950" authorityName="Paramonov" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,589,295,322]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Usia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transcaspica">
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<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFF43FEEDFDBB0754" bold="true" box="[151,589,295,322]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFF43FEEDFE9A0757" bold="true" box="[151,364,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Usia transcaspica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="45504B0FFFF9FFBCFEA0FEE2FDBB0754" author="Paramonov, S. J." box="[372,589,296,322]" firstAuthor="Paramonov" journalOrPublisher="Eos" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="341" part="26" refId="ref58954" refString="Paramonov, S. J. (1950) Bestimmungstabelle der Usia - Arten der Welt (Bombyliidae, Diptera). Eos, 26, 341 - 78." title="Bestimmungstabelle der Usia - Arten der Welt (Bombyliidae, Diptera)" type="journal article" year="1950">Paramonov, 1950</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="217E36FEFFF9FFBCFF43FE80FF0B0775" blockId="44.[151,589,295,355]" box="[151,253,330,355]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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(
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<figureCitation id="B9FA2A7BFFF9FFBCFF4AFE80FF030775" box="[158,245,330,355]" captionStart="PLATE X" captionStartId="45.[151,234,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[229,1349,207,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[203,1384,193,1926]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="PLATE X. Usia transcaspica Paramonov, 1950; a epiphallic complex ventral, b epiphallic complex lateral, c gonocoxite & gonostyli ventral, d gonocoxite & gonostyli lateral, e epandrium dorsal, f epandrium lateral, g female genitalia ventral, h female sternite 8 ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6376344" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6376344/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Plate X</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="69DB6575FFF9FFBCFF43FE59FDB607BE" box="[151,576,402,424]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFF9FFBCFF43FE59FDB607BE" blockId="44.[151,576,402,424]" box="[151,576,402,424]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="01D111D0FFF9FFBCFF43FE59FDB607BE" box="[151,576,402,424]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFF9FFBCFF43FE59FDCA07BE" ID-CoL="8FL6T" authority="Paramonov, 1950: 351" authorityName="Paramonov" authorityPageNumber="351" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,572,402,424]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Usia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transcaspica">
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<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFF43FE59FEB907BE" box="[151,335,403,424]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Usia transcaspica</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="A06010EFFFF9FFBCFE80FE59FDCA07BE" author="Paramonov" box="[340,572,402,424]" page="351" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1950">
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<bibRefCitation id="45504B0FFFF9FFBCFE80FE59FDCA07BE" author="Paramonov, S. J." box="[340,572,402,424]" firstAuthor="Paramonov" journalOrPublisher="Eos" page="351" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="341" part="26" refId="ref58954" refString="Paramonov, S. J. (1950) Bestimmungstabelle der Usia - Arten der Welt (Bombyliidae, Diptera). Eos, 26, 341 - 78." title="Bestimmungstabelle der Usia - Arten der Welt (Bombyliidae, Diptera)" type="journal article" year="1950">Paramonov, 1950: 351</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="69DB6575FFF9FFBCFF43FE1FFADB0468" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFF9FFBCFF43FE1FFA610407" blockId="44.[151,1437,469,2006]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFF43FE1FFE3707F8" bold="true" box="[151,449,469,494]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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||
<typeStatus id="FE7A885CFFF9FFBCFF43FE1FFF2407F8" box="[151,210,469,494]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Type</typeStatus>
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material examined.
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</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="91A93CA3FFF9FFBCFE1DFE1CFA610407" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3712321439" collectingDate="1913-05-21" collectingDateMax="1913-05-25" collectingDateMin="1913-05-21" collectionCode="ZMHB" collectorName="A. Hohlbeck" country="Turkmenistan" determinerName="S. Paramonov" location="Kopet-dag Tshulli" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Transcaspia mont" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="FE7A885CFFF9FFBCFE1DFE1CFD9707F8" box="[457,609,470,494]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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||
;
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||
<collectingCountry id="59D6766EFFF9FFBCFDB8FE1FFCE407F8" box="[620,786,469,494]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFDB8FE1FFCE407F8" bold="true" box="[620,786,469,494]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Turkmenistan</emphasis>
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||
</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="E305F81CFFF9FFBCFCF7FE1FFC1B07FB" box="[803,1005,469,494]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Transcaspia mont</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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||
<location id="241E6025FFF9FFBCFC2DFE1FFB3107F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A96887E8FFF9FFBEFF43FEEDFE3F0342:241E6025FFF9FFBCFC2DFE1FFB3107F8" box="[1017,1223,469,494]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Kopet-dag Tshulli" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Transcaspia mont">Kopet-dag Tshulli</location>
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||
,
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||
<date id="557F103EFFF9FFBCFB07FE1FFA6E07F8" box="[1235,1432,469,494]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1913-05-21" valueMax="1913-05-25" valueMin="1913-05-21">
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<collectingDate id="453BE9D6FFF9FFBCFB07FE1FFA6E07F8" box="[1235,1432,469,494]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1913-05-21" valueMax="1913-05-25" valueMin="1913-05-21">21–25 May 1913</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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,
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||
<collectorName id="8C345328FFF9FFBCFF43FE33FED00404" box="[151,294,505,530]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">A. Hohlbeck</collectorName>
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||
/ 1104/
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||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFF9FFBCFEAEFE30FDB30407" box="[378,581,506,529]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Usia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transcaspica" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFEAEFE30FDB30407" box="[378,581,506,529]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Usia transcaspica</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="08865797FFF9FFBCFD98FE30FD550407" box="[588,675,506,529]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
<determinerName id="D4A2DA3AFFF9FFBCFD7DFE33FCB00407" box="[681,838,505,529]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. Paramonov</determinerName>
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||
det.
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||
<specimenCount id="37C7FD77FFF9FFBCFCAAFE33FC790407" box="[894,911,505,529]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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||
/
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||
<typeStatus id="FE7A885CFFF9FFBCFC75FE33FBE20404" box="[929,1044,505,530]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFC75FE33FBE20404" box="[929,1044,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Holotypus</emphasis>
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||
</typeStatus>
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||
/ Zool. Mus. Berlin [♀ in
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||
<collectionCode id="47D0AE3BFFF9FFBCFAE1FE30FA7A0407" box="[1333,1420,506,529]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">ZMHB</collectionCode>
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||
].
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFF9FFBCFF13FDD7FADB0468" blockId="44.[151,1437,469,2006]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFF13FDD7FDFC0420" bold="true" box="[199,522,541,566]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Other material examined.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="91A93CA3FFF9FFBCFDCCFDD7FE9D044F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3712321317" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFDCCFDD7FD9A0420" bold="true" box="[536,620,541,566]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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||
<collectingCountry id="59D6766EFFF9FFBCFDCCFDD7FD9A0420" box="[536,620,541,566]" name="Turkey" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
, Adiyaman, Nemrutdagi,
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<quantity id="E6399B1BFFF9FFBCFC73FDD7FBC80420" box="[935,1086,541,566]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="1800.0" valueMax="2100.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500–2100m</quantity>
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,
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||
<date id="557F103EFFF9FFBCFB84FDD4FB1F0420" box="[1104,1257,541,566]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1985-06-01">1 June 1985</date>
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||
, ♂ (leg. H. v. Oorschot) (
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||
<collectionCode id="47D0AE3BFFF9FFBCFEC3FD8BFEA9044F" box="[279,351,577,601]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">PCJD</collectionCode>
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||
);
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<materialsCitation id="91A93CA3FFF9FFBCFEA7FD8BFB7F044F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3712321412" box="[371,1161,577,602]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="59D6766EFFF9FFBCFEA7FD8BFE2B044C" box="[371,477,577,602]" name="Armenia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFEA7FD8BFE2B044C" bold="true" box="[371,477,577,602]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Armenia</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<quantity id="E6399B1BFFF9FFBCFE38FD8BFDE8044C" box="[492,542,577,602]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="7.0">7km</quantity>
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||
N Armash,
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||
<date id="557F103EFFF9FFBCFD7FFD8BFCC5044C" box="[683,819,577,602]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1959-07-02">2 July 1959</date>
|
||
, ♀ (leg. L. Zimina) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="47D0AE3BFFF9FFBCFBF7FD8BFB77044F" box="[1059,1153,577,601]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/49rk-3jpq" name="Zoological Museum, University of Amoy" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">ZMUM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="91A93CA3FFF9FFBCFB40FD8BFADB0468" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3712321414" latitude="36.283333" longitude="50.166668" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="59D6766EFFF9FFBCFB40FD8BFB3E044C" box="[1172,1224,577,602]" name="Iran" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFB40FD8BFB3E044C" bold="true" box="[1172,1224,577,602]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Iran</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
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||
, Ghazvin,
|
||
<quantity id="E6399B1BFFF9FFBCFA93FD8BFA6E044C" box="[1351,1432,577,602]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.463" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="1463.0">1463m</quantity>
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||
, road to Abazar village,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="44F55039FFF9FFBCFE4AFDAFFE0A0468" box="[414,508,613,638]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="925" value="36.283333">N36°17′</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="44F55039FFF9FFBCFDD7FDAFFDA90468" box="[515,607,613,638]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="925" value="50.166668">E50°10′</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, pan trap,
|
||
<date id="557F103EFFF9FFBCFD00FDAFFC610468" box="[724,919,613,638]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2009-06-16" valueMax="2009-06-17" valueMin="2009-06-16">16–17 June 2009</date>
|
||
, Leg. Babak Gharali [♂♀] (
|
||
<collectionCode id="47D0AE3BFFF9FFBCFB04FDACFAD70468" box="[1232,1313,614,638]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">PCDG</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="69DB6575FFF9FFBCFF13FD43FC6204B4" box="[199,916,649,674]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFF9FFBCFF13FD43FC6204B4" blockId="44.[151,1437,469,2006]" box="[199,916,649,674]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFF13FD43FEB804B4" bold="true" box="[199,334,649,674]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
named for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="FE7A885CFFF9FFBCFE23FD40FDD104B4" box="[503,551,650,674]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality east of the Caspian Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="69DB6575FFF9FFBCFF13FD67FD63056F" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFF9FFBCFF13FD67FD63056F" blockId="44.[151,1437,469,2006]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFF13FD67FEB704D0" bold="true" box="[199,321,685,710]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Perhaps one of the most readily identified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFF9FFBCFCEEFD64FC9904D3" box="[826,879,686,709]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Usia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFCEEFD64FC9904D3" box="[826,879,686,709]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Usia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, superficially more reminiscent of some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFF9FFBCFF43FD18FEF904FF" box="[151,271,722,745]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parageron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFF43FD18FEF904FF" box="[151,271,722,745]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Parageron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A strikingly marked black and yellow species, Both sexes easily identified by the combination of shining black disc of mesonotum, densely grey dusted marginally, largely undusted, shining black tergites with broad yellow apical margins and legs yellow but for blackish apical tarsomeres. Similarly patterned species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFF9FFBCFF43FCF4FEF90543" box="[151,271,830,853]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parageron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFF43FCF4FEF90543" box="[151,271,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Parageron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
always have densely dusted or at least matt second to terminal visible tergite and all sympatric species have densely grey dusted disc of mesonotum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="69DB6575FFF9FFBEFF13FC4FFAE805B3" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFF9FFBCFF13FC4FFB800588" blockId="44.[151,1437,469,2006]" box="[199,1142,901,926]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFF13FC4FFDDC0588" bold="true" box="[199,554,901,926]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Redescription. Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFDECFC4FFD490588" box="[568,703,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Body length</emphasis>
|
||
. 3.7–6.0mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFC8FFC4CFC170588" box="[859,993,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Wing length</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="E6399B1BFFF9FFBCFC3BFC4FFB840588" box="[1007,1138,901,926]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="3.3">3.3–5.2mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFF9FFBEFF13FC63FE6604BE" blockId="44.[151,1437,469,2006]" lastBlockId="46.[151,1437,151,1365]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFF13FC63FEF205D4" bold="true" box="[199,260,937,962]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Male</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFEC7FC63FEA605D4" box="[275,336,937,962]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral margin narrow but quite prominent above oral margin, disappearing below in lateral view, shining brown. Frons blackish in ground colour, sometimes paler medially adjacent to eye margin, grey-dusted except for small rounded shining patch, on some extending forward of antennal bases. Eyes separated at their narrowest by between one sixth and one fifth head width, about equal to width across lateral ocelli inclusive. Lateral ocellus separated from the eye margin by about half to two thirds the diameter of that ocellus. Ocellar tubercle shining, thinly dusted, subshining, eye margins in front of anterior ocellus diverging slightly, then relatively abruptly before continuing parallel to insertion of proboscis, there diverging to rear of oral opening. Fine white hairs on ocellar tubercle short, barely longer than space between lateral ocelli, frons in front of anterior ocellus glabrous. Occiput black in ground, often browner below close to oral opening, densely grey dusted, except small triangular area behind ocellar tubercle which is thinly dusted. Upper part of occiput with fairly dense covering of fine white hairs with conspicuously procurved tips, the hairs thinning out and becoming shorter below, opposite to the usual condition in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFF9FFBCFDF5FAFCFDA0035B" box="[545,598,1334,1357]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Usia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFDF5FAFCFDA0035B" box="[545,598,1334,1357]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Usia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Ommatidia uniform in size across the eyes. Antennae black, sometimes yellower on scape and pedicel, third segment, a little less than twice length of scape and pedicel together, narrow swollen below basally, narrowing apically, sensilla white. All antennal segments with very short fine white setulae above. Palps relatively long, yellow, barely clavate tip a little wider than oral margin, short white hairs below, those on tip hardly longer than width of palp a widest point. Proboscis relatively long, approximately equal to headthorax length, black, dorsally hairless.
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFD84FA23FD570014" box="[592,673,1513,1538]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesonotum with a shining black patch on disc of variable extent, broadly grey dusted on anterior slope of mesonotum outside paramedian vittae, leaving a shining black stripe extending to the pronotum or almost so, post-pronotal lobe, notopleuron along thoracic suture, above wing root, prohumeral area and rear quarter to third of disc up to scutellum. Disc finely punctured, the hair insertions well separated by smooth shining cuticle. Paramedian vittae can be distinct, impunctate and finely transversely striated, reaching to wing insertions, or almost invisible. Mesonotum clothed with fairly long, fine silky white vestiture, erect to slightly reclinate, tending to proclinate close to scutellum, hairs as long as those on upper occiput. Laterally the hairs are longer and erect or inclined inwards. Acrostichal hairs between the bare paramedian vittae multiserial, entirely erect to slightly reclinate, widening slightly posteriorly, dorsocentrals not distinguishable from the general vestiture. Scutellum dusted as adjacent parts of mesonotum, hairing as mesonotum, cuticle smooth, unwrinkled. Pleurae uniformly grey dusted largely obscuring ground colour, except for a small area of shining cuticle on anepisternum anterodorsal in some individuals. Fine white hairs, like those on mesonotum, on pronotum and upper half of the anepisternum.
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF9FFBCFE1CF850FDF601A7" box="[456,512,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
. Membrane clear, lacking any infuscation, veins all yellow, darkening slightly distally. Crossvein r-m at or a little before the middle of discal cell, conspicuously beyond dm-cu. Anal lobe well developed, with strongly curved trailing edge, wider than anal cell.
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFC50FF5DFC2E06A6" box="[900,984,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Haltere</emphasis>
|
||
. Yellow, base of stem slightly brownish.
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFF43FF77FF3A06C2" box="[151,204,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Coxae brown, becoming blacker basally, with a coating of grey dust like that on the pleurae. Remainder of legs yellow, undusted, shining below the setulae, except tip of basitarsus and apical tarsal segments which are dark brown to blackish. Coxae externally covered with moderately long, white hairs, especially apically. Femora, tibia and tarsi covered with short setulae, even those on femora shorter than width of tibia.
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFB84FEEDFB4C0756" box="[1104,1210,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. All tergites shining black on disc with broad yellow apical margins that continue on to down-curved margin where it narrows slightly, tergite one thinly dusted laterally. Each tergite densely punctate, the punctures somewhat transverse forming a surface sculpture that gives the appearance of transverse striations. Disc uniformly and densely covered with fine, pale yellow, recumbent hairs, longer and more erect laterally. Sternites blackish brown with thin grey dusting, faintly punctuation almost invisible, with fairly long, recumbent pale yellow hairs.
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFB95FE16FB5D07E3" box="[1089,1195,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. Relatively large and conspicuous, elongate. Epandrium yellow with apicolateral extensions bluntly pointed, the tips black, in dorsal view apical margin rectangularly emarginated, shining, the cuticle distinctly punctate evenly coated short pale yellow hairs. Gonocoxite about twice as broad as long, dusky basally, yellow in apical half, the tips curving towards each other but well separated, haired as epandrium, gonostyli slightly curved, truncate with basal ‘thumb’ and an external ‘step’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="75BE6676FFF8FFBDFF43F851FE5E01F9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6376344" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6376344" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6376344/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" startId="45.[151,234,1947,1969]" targetBox="[229,1349,207,1911]" targetPageId="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFF8FFBDFF43F851FE5E01F9" blockId="45.[151,1436,1947,2031]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF8FFBDFF43F851FEFA01A7" bold="true" box="[151,268,1947,1969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">PLATE X.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFF8FFBDFEC0F856FD7101A7" authority="Paramonov, 1950" authorityName="Paramonov" authorityYear="1950" box="[276,647,1947,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Usia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transcaspica">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF8FFBDFEC0F856FE3B01A7" box="[276,461,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Usia transcaspica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="45504B0FFFF8FFBDFE07F856FD7101A7" author="Paramonov, S. J." box="[467,647,1947,1969]" firstAuthor="Paramonov" journalOrPublisher="Eos" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="341" part="26" refId="ref58954" refString="Paramonov, S. J. (1950) Bestimmungstabelle der Usia - Arten der Welt (Bombyliidae, Diptera). Eos, 26, 341 - 78." title="Bestimmungstabelle der Usia - Arten der Welt (Bombyliidae, Diptera)" type="journal article" year="1950">Paramonov, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF8FFBDFD40F851FD5701A7" bold="true" box="[660,673,1947,1969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">a</emphasis>
|
||
epiphallic complex ventral,
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF8FFBDFC1FF851FC2F01A7" bold="true" box="[971,985,1947,1969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">b</emphasis>
|
||
epiphallic complex lateral,
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF8FFBDFB28F851FAF101A7" bold="true" box="[1276,1287,1947,1969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">c</emphasis>
|
||
gonocoxite & gonostyli ventral,
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF8FFBDFE88F870FE9C01C6" bold="true" box="[348,362,1978,2000]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">d</emphasis>
|
||
gonocoxite & gonostyli lateral,
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF8FFBDFD1AF870FD2F01C6" bold="true" box="[718,729,1978,2000]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">e</emphasis>
|
||
epandrium dorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF8FFBDFC7EF870FC4501C6" bold="true" box="[938,947,1978,2000]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">f</emphasis>
|
||
epandrium lateral,
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF8FFBDFB51F870FB6401C6" bold="true" box="[1157,1170,1978,2000]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">g</emphasis>
|
||
female genitalia ventral,
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFF8FFBDFF43F813FF5301F9" bold="true" box="[151,165,2009,2031]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">h</emphasis>
|
||
female sternite 8 ventral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFFBFFBEFF13FD7EFAE805B3" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFF13FD7EFEE804DB" bold="true" box="[199,286,692,717]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Female</emphasis>
|
||
. As male except as follows: oral margin decidedly broader, more convex but still disappearing below. Frons a little wider, about one-fifth head width, a little wider than distance across lateral ocelli. Mesonotal vestiture often slightly shorter. One female from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="59D6766EFFFBFFBEFD8CFD36FD4C0503" box="[600,698,764,789]" name="Armenia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
with black coxae, trochanter and all but tip of femora.
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFAFFFD36FA630503" box="[1323,1429,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. Tip of abdomen coming to a rounded point; apical sternite rather rectangular, yellow, the basal part partially divided from the main part, no apical notch present but short median projection. Main part of apical sternite with raised basal boss, sclerite clothed with very short white hairs. Furca typical of the group, with rounded tip sometimes with short spine apically, arms long, conspicuous rectangular, dark-pigmented vaginal plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="69DB6575FFFBFFBEFF13FC65FE72031B" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFFBFFBEFF13FC65FD7A026B" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFF13FC65FEBA05DE" bold="true" box="[199,332,943,968]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
This very distinctive species is by far the most differentiated of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFFBFFBEFBBDFC65FB6305DE" box="[1129,1173,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Usia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lata">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFBBDFC65FB6305DE" box="[1129,1173,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">lata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group. Apart from the very obvious pattern of yellow, it has more extensive mesonotal dusting, longer occipital hairs above than below, smoother more finely punctured mesonotum and scutellum and broader anal lobe than in other species. In the latter two characters it approaches the condition seen in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFFBFFBEFCCDFBD7FC640222" box="[793,914,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parageron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFCCDFBD7FC640222" box="[793,914,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Parageron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with similar abdominal pattern. However, the male and female genitalia clearly place it in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFFBFFBEFD63FBF5FD15024E" box="[695,739,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Usia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lata">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFD63FBF5FD15024E" box="[695,739,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">lata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group and lack the diagnostic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFFBFFBEFB0DFB8BFAA7024E" box="[1241,1361,1089,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parageron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFB0DFB8BFAA7024E" box="[1241,1361,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Parageron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
so the similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C14D7DFFFBFFBEFE87FBAFFE3A026A" box="[339,460,1125,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Parageron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFE87FBAFFE3A026A" box="[339,460,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Parageron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are coincidental.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFFBFFBEFF13FB4DFE72031B" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Only five specimens have been seen which exhibit considerable variation in size, extent of mesonotal dusting and leg colour in the females. When much more material becomes available it will be worth looking to see if there is more than one species involved. However, amongst the four dissected specimens there no clear evidence of more than a single species.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="69DB6575FFFBFFBEFF13FADDFE3F0342" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="217E36FEFFFBFFBEFF13FADDFE3F0342" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B5EAECFFFBFFBEFF13FADDFE960326" bold="true" box="[199,352,1303,1328]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="59D6766EFFFBFFBEFEBFFADDFE260326" box="[363,464,1303,1328]" name="Armenia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="59D6766EFFFBFFBEFD95FAD2FD870339" box="[577,625,1304,1327]" name="Iran" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
, eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="59D6766EFFFBFFBEFD0FFADDFCDD0326" box="[731,811,1303,1328]" name="Turkey" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="59D6766EFFFBFFBEFCBDFADDFBF10326" box="[873,1031,1303,1328]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, poorly studied areas but does not appear to be very common.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |