treatments-xml/data/A7/74/18/A774185EF7438330F2D66A43D73BAD5A.xml
2024-06-21 12:46:51 +02:00

306 lines
23 KiB
XML
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297102" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316519" ID-GBIF-Dataset="38aee501-3c26-4686-9c32-a0991b651db7" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905099958" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. &amp; Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="A774185EF7438330F2D66A43D73BAD5A" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Artiodactyla.637-722.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Alcelaphus buselaphus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="AB6A4FBA464988A6B3A53F4B8CD52B4B" lastPageNumber="673" masterDocId="AB6A4FBA464988A6B3A53F4B8CD52B4B" masterDocTitle="Order Artiodactyla" masterLastPageNumber="722" masterPageNumber="637" pageNumber="673" updateTime="1716783024384" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="814CCC68222C05C7016DF9F7D65FED9C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8A20A3244C6BE4C9A9A561189AA75FC9">
<mods:title id="492DDB976EDEE3D862974C17A6767D69">Order Artiodactyla</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="24059D4FA3C660A8BB57652202AABCE4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B717B7E4B622FFC97C174E0A91F8B6DD">
<mods:roleTerm id="2977D2A44A7FC148484EFF911B887118">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="62BA9EA17343AF24A042B2F827A2CEA0">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="854C2E6831DCE29320F649068D727F50" type="personal">
<mods:role id="32EC18A85B8F893CF8CC88209A403905">
<mods:roleTerm id="6C3B9577B5E5C7E4466B7911ABC23D0D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4F805814E3F2D43C7E9DA0AEF0532CAA">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="96128149EAE563B80550D274C131F7BB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="7310A8D3A9AB99BCDCE1DEB4B41740D2" type="host">
<mods:originInfo id="6152A65F9C8CF367AE586D1112DAEA58">
<mods:dateIssued id="81B87524AB104BDD744CEA43E0CFA088">2005</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher id="664B470B8B99F7DDC1828E75F7201C53">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="89CB9EF67D6A23E7F38F27AD0A708B87">
<mods:placeTerm id="3EA613A3B723145FA107820C9D5702BA">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:titleInfo id="93742F29ECDEA3653A03FDE8FC9C1DE5">
<mods:title id="8664B918BE6D5C49210321F6634AFCA2">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E4519BB6B374E0D37985BE184DED977F">
<mods:extent id="5B517EEBA855D8D788C78181D59A03D9" unit="page">
<mods:start id="9C0325BD342B88BFCC8DBD39A49C9C2D">637</mods:start>
<mods:end id="DFED958F9D504FF5DAEC6A46B7E22ADB">722</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="CEAB106F6721BC7DB56E70F0A97725BB">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="86C5F62761029508790E9CEFB1BDC10D" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8262B1E563D437563BD8A07FE628209F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316519</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="A774185EF7438330F2D66A43D73BAD5A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11337192" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231540988" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11337192" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A774185EF7438330F2D66A43D73BAD5A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A774185EF7438330F2D66A43D73BAD5A" lastPageNumber="673" pageNumber="673" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14200497">
<subSubSection id="B8DE85952AB878F72FEA526533771227" pageNumber="673" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="73971C64B14FE840A76C68FE8B42906F" pageNumber="673">
<taxonomicName id="64C6052F128E82449767D8B7B4A422D5" ID-CoL="BHBY" authority="(Pallas 1766)" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="673" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus">
<emphasis id="91BD8C0D7F4C105A38E7E37EF7C5817D" italics="true" pageNumber="673">Alcelaphus buselaphus</emphasis>
(Pallas 1766)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5B1B91F87EF1CA64C223C2B5EFC91099" pageNumber="673" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="DCF5D563119ECE25DEE2AF10B2E2A33D" pageNumber="673">
<treatmentCitation id="D5F47B552CB467E3665B2CB8702D555E" author="Pallas" authority="Pallas 1766" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antilope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" page="7" pageNumber="673" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus" title="Antilope buselaphus" volumeTitle="Misc. Zool." year="1766">
<taxonomicName id="71D04603351679418122F5CDCCF06624" authority="Pallas 1766" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antilope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="673" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus">
<emphasis id="09C4A0D68CAF08197B0A9C94BC37F487" italics="true" pageNumber="673">[Antilope] buselaphus</emphasis>
Pallas 1766
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="F3DC9BEE961DB3CDA1DCD5EA9AB0B37C" author="Pallas" pageNumber="673" pagination="7" title="Antilope buselaphus" volumeTitle="Misc. Zool." year="1766">Misc. Zool.: 7</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD153FC1C3B6C01E30FE359AE9BCC6BB" pageNumber="673" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5DB901BE30AC242FA783C9D21EFE5C11" pageNumber="673">
<emphasis id="B6B0423052C0F2F8BE5D70491A4C1D04" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="673">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="6B3048B1566F96E2329513DA26FF86B0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867329450" country="Morocco" pageNumber="673">
No locality cited but the name is based on &quot;Le bubale&quot; of Buffon, &quot;en Barbarie &amp; dans toutes les parties septentrionales de l'Afrique&quot;, and on other sources. Restricted to Barbary by designation of the &quot;Vache de Barbarie&quot; of Perrault as the
<typeStatus id="47565920789C3C16E5D15F085ADDEFB6">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1DFB50159CD659321427651E70303762" author="Ruxton, A. E. &amp; E. Schwarz" refId="ref312856" refString="Ruxton, A. E., and E. Schwarz. 1929. On hybrid hartebeests and on the distribution of the Alcelaphus buselaphus group. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1929: 567 - 583." year="1929">Ruxton and Schwarz, 1929:575</bibRefCitation>
). Further restricted to
<collectingCountry id="D37CFCA061592D7249075EA1D0B908E6" name="Morocco">Morocco</collectingCountry>
(Lydekker, 1914
<emphasis id="45D4F083CBBDAFE0C7CE2BCB9023B31B" italics="true" pageNumber="673">a</emphasis>
:5)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3FDB582163BEEE7DA4EF5CBD27D4DC3F" pageNumber="673" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="C9B32ACAA1485B8BB936529F28430A06" pageNumber="673">
<emphasis id="841085D9895DF97CAC25CA24632B6DEE" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="673">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="61330F2592469197F6ED477FCAAEE80D" language="eng" pageNumber="673">Hartebeest</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6228CCB4A6DCC882A5E2788FCED12B8" pageNumber="673" type="child_taxa">
<paragraph id="ABF2321172646AFF107C8F74A1C7FAFF" pageNumber="673">
<emphasis id="F168E03F8FBB905F4D343EC218945DB3" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="673">Subspecies:</emphasis>
:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="058ECDB0507A96AE5DE16E2029D7D9CB" pageNumber="673">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="B2B11EF0AC0AA4292FA852FE2F48EE1E" authority="Pallas 1766" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="673" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="buselaphus" subSpecies="buselaphus">
<emphasis id="64338D043BCFF11DB053693F69B3E275" italics="true" pageNumber="673">Alcelaphus buselaphus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="EC81B5931848963003AF03380EAAFAC4" italics="true" pageNumber="673">buselaphus</emphasis>
Pallas 1766
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="336BD817294B880BFF8BE856E58BB152" pageNumber="673">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="932E1FF90BA46A835606F37DDDD5FB9C" authority="Günther 1884" authorityName="Günther" authorityYear="1884" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="673" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="buselaphus" subSpecies="cokii">
<emphasis id="C432C622B98037463C90659D1CD82EA1" italics="true" pageNumber="673">Alcelaphus buselaphus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="FA967F86DC9243B3B977885873E41C03" italics="true" pageNumber="673">cokii</emphasis>
Günther 1884
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B4F1A9FE09E4B88B310E516A46E6F7A" pageNumber="673">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="B1912605D615263041550A42113B4A96" authority="Heuglin 1877" authorityName="Heuglin" authorityYear="1877" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="673" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="buselaphus" subSpecies="lelwel">
<emphasis id="A6EFF252B14DD86BA22AA6DB2DBBE705" italics="true" pageNumber="673">Alcelaphus buselaphus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="E365FBF276D8ED03E2125F0CEFCA4149" italics="true" pageNumber="673">lelwel</emphasis>
Heuglin 1877
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E48A0548CB65AE6DF5D449A50C1AA515" pageNumber="673">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="6DCA8818562EB80C11A3DBC97ECD13CC" authority="Blyth 1869" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1869" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="673" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="buselaphus" subSpecies="major">
<emphasis id="C003A2C92F8F1E0A49ADD27E095B9F07" italics="true" pageNumber="673">Alcelaphus buselaphus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="58BFB204D0EA43CBC961A624DDF67F43" italics="true" pageNumber="673">major</emphasis>
Blyth 1869
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5512CC3B78C7F4E99E674EAA9A614004" pageNumber="673">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="BC55EB8B905CD8199D3E9F68171A9DC9" authority="P. L. Sclater 1892" authorityName="P. L. Sclater" authorityYear="1892" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="673" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="buselaphus" subSpecies="swaynei">
<emphasis id="7BF113FCBCC362226AA904CCC4EEBD8A" italics="true" pageNumber="673">Alcelaphus buselaphus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="CF1B546BAC0D3E842350251C3211604C" italics="true" pageNumber="673">swaynei</emphasis>
P. L. Sclater 1892
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A4C2530943EAE8DF0786A314790ED54" pageNumber="673">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="33244C39859A1121C7C691B850A612DB" authority="Gray 1873" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1873" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="673" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="buselaphus" subSpecies="tora">
<emphasis id="717719820C29F6330028515BD4AA998B" italics="true" pageNumber="673">Alcelaphus buselaphus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="072B807AC1D924A95C8493E784DA3A44" italics="true" pageNumber="673">tora</emphasis>
Gray 1873
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="92E401DB80BC4FC791C906B971B29057" pageNumber="673" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B83DEC8B9AD37F6EB2C77D197362CFEB" pageNumber="673">
<emphasis id="E3E24706A36C0F37DE2050974B7FEBB8" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="673">Distribution:</emphasis>
In N Africa, now extinct but within historic times occurred in N
<collectingCountry id="910484E02AFA71E1D552CE4034228DB9" name="Algeria">Algeria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="2B5CEAB4CA7FDCBBE681D433A27BC01B" name="Libya">Libya</collectingCountry>
(marginally), N
<collectingCountry id="B2B7A114501272B7663C85A5DFB317A0" name="Morocco">Morocco</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="80102777DB151E030BDE72C310FA02A1" name="Tunisia">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
. In West and Equatorial Africa in
<collectingCountry id="239D0BF46B859912478C4D0F8DED439A" name="Benin">Benin</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0E6E427979E96CBE4E9A04DDA5DBDB38" name="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6494090F607F14C6F9B3EA832BE887A8" name="Cameroon">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FD61E44F927802CF0186A70D730C9B16" name="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
, S
<collectingCountry id="F78FBA70986B45784ACBCF71C1368C5E" name="Chad">Chad</collectingCountry>
, Côte dIvoire, N Dem. Rep.
<collectingCountry id="6F62B69ACB640E2D5EF56CA2270F2E5B" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo</collectingCountry>
, N
<collectingCountry id="D5156973D22F2DB0E2E711F41824EB64" name="Eritrea">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1A2D8EF6F6C0E4A4D96D02AC1572BBDA" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
(outside highlands),
<collectingCountry id="6C75FD1B83D8127EC36876C43AA1CFCF" name="Gambia">Gambia</collectingCountry>
(extinct or vagrant),
<collectingCountry id="7DC181E57D4EE2A73BDC462484660D3C" name="Ghana">Ghana</collectingCountry>
, E
<collectingCountry id="67C7E2CF2F9D94BC825620E434CC9544" name="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="5D9F469C11065C2B82FE86140B303B75" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Bissau">Bissau</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="139CC2AF4594E23482550257D07A7C6F" name="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea</collectingCountry>
, S
<collectingCountry id="ACAEEE954D50D0D84AB6BBF9CE1BC2F7" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, S
<collectingCountry id="0F44752FD7DF76D194464C75377F6370" name="Serbia">Mali</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="52E0F7BCA92D523DEAF1365E2A32FF7F" name="Niger">Niger</collectingCountry>
(marginal in
<collectionCode id="AFE0B2F4CD370BFC2182891657B31AE2">SW</collectionCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="890CD69CC0245B944944315E5B864B63" name="Nigeria">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="896E36FD5912E7437A315FE58258DA76" name="Senegal">Senegal</collectingCountry>
, NW
<collectingCountry id="2C2562416EC9C04A6147AAA1CF0E5802" name="Somalia">Somalia</collectingCountry>
(extinct), S
<collectingCountry id="A3D5AB0CA912A2C65DCD0251689188F5" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
, N
<collectingCountry id="C0E8D728194F62AE597A0FAD3B4AAC63" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7D108A0A07A983BB7B14883455AF1DE" name="Togo">Togo</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="2C7243C15BDFA0AC4683783AF197C60B" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
. No authentic records from
<collectingCountry id="F4EEFAEF002B1F6A86D2895B010FA702" name="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F1E58A88AA5830B264E4F723E80DE91E" author="Grubb, P. &amp; T. S. Jones &amp; A. G. Davies &amp; E. Edberg &amp; E. D. Starin &amp; J. E. Hill" refId="ref134571" refString="Grubb, P., T. S. Jones, A. G. Davies, E. Edberg, E. D. Starin, and J. E. Hill. 1998. Mammals of Ghana, Sierra Leone and The Gambia. The Trendrine Press, Cornwall, 265 pp." year="1998">Grubb et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C8695A58FE243FF72C168FB9CA26796B" pageNumber="673" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="399DC7542CCA1059E01D873E90CF4EBE" pageNumber="673">
<emphasis id="85F45E781D57A41BE928BAEB6413DC63" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="673">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="BE777C719CC0F0C41D5CC4DEF90D0B5C" name="United States of America">U.S.</collectingCountry>
<collectionCode id="85730DD7AEAC4E3B8277CB0DEE92C13E" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14319" name="Universidade de São Paulo" type="Herbarium">ESA</collectionCode>
Endangered as
<emphasis id="D660D629FB3F369A67DF3A4C23DF150B" italics="true" pageNumber="673">
A. b.
<taxonomicName id="6E960163174AC690D95199720420DE01" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Madoqua" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swaynei">swaynei</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="4CAE862A51D8B2A3E63CBCD52FE4603C" italics="true" pageNumber="673">A. b. tora</emphasis>
;
<collectionCode id="E6DDA286C62E3487F0F224C6E2D2C6DC">IUCN</collectionCode>
Extinct as
<emphasis id="912182839FAE8ED5282E183F3433B1B3" italics="true" pageNumber="673">
A. b.
<taxonomicName id="3996F81ED8ACFA099723C9EEEFFA5D71" authority=", Endangered" authorityName="Endangered" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus">buselaphus, Endangered</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
as
<emphasis id="4003CB34D4E27AFF01437327185C5F8A" italics="true" pageNumber="673">
A. b.
<taxonomicName id="4AF42BA6226778473B959388C50C5225" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Madoqua" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swaynei">swaynei</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="304EC9719900C03267850D32117EBA65" italics="true" pageNumber="673">A. b. tora</emphasis>
, otherwise Lower Risk (cd).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DCC0FE389EDFF2951001954FA61CBC48" pageNumber="673" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="50D99986BF88B91A3D9BCDCFC8AB5BF3" pageNumber="673">
<emphasis id="DBAEAC7B0F21FCA10F3DAD6A0C2333DE" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="673">Discussion:</emphasis>
More than one taxon is included among the
<typeStatus id="73D924AABEA1C1C5E43063D147F39D8F">syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="3B24431341C29E5AAD5ED8B4DCBDB5D8" authority="Pallas, 1766" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antilope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus">
<emphasis id="7290CC32A15BC541867143765C113526" italics="true" pageNumber="673">Antilope buselaphus</emphasis>
Pallas, 1766
</taxonomicName>
, hence the designation of a
<typeStatus id="D65EAFD04E05B9F1DE3F3DA047E2DFB4">lectotype</typeStatus>
was necessary. Six species recognised by earlier authors (
<emphasis id="1DE4461D3D0169A5B3F264DE8FF1100C" italics="true" pageNumber="673">
<taxonomicName id="938E4A04DB68CD3922DF51D7210E5D79" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antilope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus">buselaphus</taxonomicName>
, cokii, lelwel, major,
<taxonomicName id="975CF355C395D794E8C105CA002784AA" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Madoqua" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swaynei">swaynei</taxonomicName>
, tora
</emphasis>
) were all assigned to
<taxonomicName id="56C2C822C95240F981EEAAB2EF11A4B2" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antilope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus">
<emphasis id="02B77A1FD07979C6F3DF8E98A7C7D4E8" italics="true" pageNumber="673">A. buselaphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
once hybridization between some of them was recognised (
<bibRefCitation id="2F505F7C92139301A478FAC8314708B0" author="Ruxton, A. E. &amp; E. Schwarz" refId="ref312856" refString="Ruxton, A. E., and E. Schwarz. 1929. On hybrid hartebeests and on the distribution of the Alcelaphus buselaphus group. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1929: 567 - 583." year="1929">Ruxton and Schwarz, 1929</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="9DA202A49F691712644899DA5AF3AACC" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caama">
<emphasis id="9BE489CD136CFB74E77C79B47E4B1196" italics="true" pageNumber="673">caama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
later included (Ellerman et al., 1953:202);
<taxonomicName id="61DD338DB7E27448200EDF04A065F7AA" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1849" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">
<emphasis id="7DDF4F7763ED2465E6B39443431758C8" italics="true" pageNumber="673">lichtensteinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has also been included (
<bibRefCitation id="AD08DA2AC514A5549122F3C344676FC3" author="Haltenorth, T." refId="ref137991" refString="Haltenorth, T. 1963. Klassifikation der Saugetiere: Artiodactyla I. Handbuch der Zoologie, 8 (32): 1 - 167." year="1963">Haltenorth, 1963:102</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="ACAC6B996A54359F6A9EEBF74E567A76" author="Kingdon, J." refId="ref185266" refString="Kingdon, J. 1997. The Kingdon field guide to African mammals. Nature World Academic Press, Harcourt Brace &amp; Company, San Diego, 465 pp." year="1997">Kingdon, 1997:429</bibRefCitation>
) but not by most workers. The species can be partitioned into nominate
<taxonomicName id="DAFB895BB5A266CE93206C289CB322B7" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antilope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus">
<emphasis id="90757AEB97C5BACEF7D6F19F1DA7B1D1" italics="true" pageNumber="673">buselaphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
division (including also
<emphasis id="020EC51F2CC2AAB9F83F4BE8F021E8C4" italics="true" pageNumber="673">major</emphasis>
),
<emphasis id="584D671DFD322B8E84D25FB64F3717FF" italics="true" pageNumber="673">lelwel</emphasis>
division, and
<emphasis id="EA1C63ED5FE406995D81424E6A950D7A" italics="true" pageNumber="673">tora</emphasis>
division (including also
<emphasis id="BF70C05C65532C70735A51E6CFA15F7F" italics="true" pageNumber="673">cokii</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="EB0BA01EFB833D2714371C485E1936F4" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Madoqua" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swaynei">
<emphasis id="4B6176CAB5E4CC878CBD06BDA69B1D99" italics="true" pageNumber="673">swaynei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) on the basis of skull morphology, but cytochrome
<emphasis id="B560D0746F508F656FB53B16484C0BD5" italics="true" pageNumber="673">b</emphasis>
and D-loop sequence data (Flagstad et al., 2000) suggest a close affinity between
<emphasis id="6EA1D0CE41A0692ECEA7775ED0D93FB8" italics="true" pageNumber="673">lelwel</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A1098AF5F659B785C7C96F01A264C77D" italics="true" pageNumber="673">tora</emphasis>
divisions. Synonymy modified from
<bibRefCitation id="CF12C0B7075AAB979978D42415F87EA5" author="Ansell, W. F. H." refId="ref11014" refString="Ansell, W. F. H. 1972. Order Artiodactyla. Part 15. Pp. 1 - 84, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.) [issued 2 May 1972]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated." year="1972">Ansell (1972:53)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>