126 lines
13 KiB
XML
126 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="35472" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416" ID-PMC="PMC3577090" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-245-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" ID-PubMed="23431087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578462" ModsDocID="1313-2970-245-1" checkinTime="1425642919252" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bousquet, Yves" docDate="2012" docId="A71454E0A59B2CA16581DE2CCA797F34" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 245: 1-1722" docOrigin="ZooKeys 245" docPubDate="2012-11-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416" docTitle="Paraclivina Kult 1947" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" id="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" lastPageNumber="284" masterDocId="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" masterDocTitle="Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="1722" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="284" updateTime="1736396794539" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods id="D2105804C5A130058CF9A4132C16FFD7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EB0A20126331C8435CBC69C1AEA98DBE">
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<mods:title id="CC60A5331EF8621D7D93773AA67B27D0">Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="ED4F121D5119F43CC746F83C1B4458F4" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E38EACAAECCEDCABCAC28FAE0C27A78B">Bousquet, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="65D1F8BC824B4618CB2A7DC87C1A1352">Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CAD99C603B3807C30F19ADF3E5FB994E" type="email">bousquety1@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="26271606431DBED46E0C2C9EF7F82323">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FC074B917584D7DC6C12E3CDD34E9216">
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<mods:date id="2E05D49552510F18542261DC3D66B2EB">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9A839C6BE3536A046053C275560054E5">2012-11-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="DAC1A1D23C4EAC12D94D3EDD0E282A40" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DE0EFF71C8920B48C5FC73452FB7EC1E">245</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="C161F4B9C353151E68B336902C7927B6">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="217E4A332B756A94A721E382319CCF50">1722</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="3C27BC988755DE3574EC22190941699C">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="ED0FC86F39222F77836A32129A8D5A94">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FF967E0B2946D57122AC88D3C21E38E0" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A71454E0A59B2CA16581DE2CCA797F34" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127866219" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A71454E0A59B2CA16581DE2CCA797F34" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A71454E0A59B2CA16581DE2CCA797F34" lastPageNumber="284" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">
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<subSubSection id="17D7B167610E3B36056FFDE2F22B1166" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="94A2707B32ECE0CC527C814005D13436" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="B8BED46DC298D8014A1376DE44FF20E0" ID-CoL="C9DHP" LSID="A71454E0-A59B-2CA1-6581-DE2CCA797F34" authority="Kult, 1947" authorityName="Kult" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paraclivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraclivina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paraclivina Kult, 1947</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B023E2A1DBE2C7D086A2A85ADB0687A6" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8C766CDE4257B8A6583A280D1A8333DF" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">
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<taxonomicName id="01800A5E2911AE489282DA54E409DE29" authorityName="Kult" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paraclivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paraclivina</taxonomicName>
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Kult, 1947: 31. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="F9CEC6B356A19FCA7BF5F672664E86C6" authorityName="Putzeys" authorityYear="1867" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Clivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmeisteri">
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<emphasis id="9E8A4E4F52C11A12914268389110AEA4" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Clivina burmeisteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Putzeys, 1866 by original designation. Etymology. From the Greek
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<emphasis id="B5BADC3AE07641C3D0C6D903807C88D4" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">para</emphasis>
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(near, next to) and the generic name
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<taxonomicName id="A30248F8016B7B5442F3DCCE27831B3D" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Clivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7171C479181EA0559116F2028CBB076B" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Clivina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<emphasis id="F6072D023B461D5F1B79420C7738EA8A" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">q.v</emphasis>
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.] [feminine].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ADA4AB1DA36FBA118E19141B59C3E30E" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" type="diversity">
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<paragraph id="B504DA8E0A4411832D14FEE346E3C457" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Diversity.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7DE8CC685061DCAA3FD60937DAFC5DC5" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">
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At least 33 species (see Bousquet 2009: table 1) in temperate, subtropical, and tropical areas of the Nearctic (nine species) and Neotropical (29 species) Regions.
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<normalizedToken id="D6A7D119ADC2398707F2A4521C9EA8FE" originalValue="Kult’s">Kult's</normalizedToken>
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(1947: 31) statement that
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<taxonomicName id="76E0D56AA3037EB715804FD45135FC32" authorityName="Kult" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paraclivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="88D2D6F2FE199F74B3E34121D8A350A6" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Paraclivina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is represented by two species in Australia is apparently erroneous (see Baehr 2008: 23).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D176197A1224A1520D5DFD1D8F22F655" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" type="identification">
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<paragraph id="482E6ADBDD77751378D7FD924ECD198B" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Identification.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="01BEB8FA49CDE94992A3E1D0CD273D48" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">
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There is no revision of the North American species of this genus. The last key published, that of LeConte (1879a), included seven of the eight species recorded at the time (
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<taxonomicName id="09EA071639523089D6790031015C0403" baseAuthorityName="Putzeys" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paraclivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcipennis">
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<emphasis id="C0D011A852585207C9F7A08635622397" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Paraclivina sulcipennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was omitted). Since then, one tropical species (
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<taxonomicName id="08DF49B8A2C0F1938DFE4004647081CC" baseAuthorityName="Putzeys" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paraclivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata">
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<emphasis id="2BF0EEB491848E484F9518AAF2AD60EA" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Paraclivina fasciata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) has been recovered in Florida but it is unclear if it is established in the area. Putzeys (1846 and 1867b) included descriptions of all the North American species currently recognized. In his 1867 work, these species were listed in groups 21 (most species) and 22 (
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<taxonomicName id="ECDE07C2780AAAD35D2BE71ECAA0626E" baseAuthorityName="Putzeys" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paraclivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciata">
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<emphasis id="C0BA374B897933D4E676F949D832023A" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Paraclivina fasciata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="ECBA1DF1D34246960019B81E29A5887F" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paraclivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrea">
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<emphasis id="EE2CE74B0E672791C936575C0EDE6BC2" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Paraclivina ferrea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="029C10F0B5FBA5538A036D94B405434D" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Clivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="8BFC91FD77D86ED1094629DD6787E3BD" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Clivina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A revision of the genus is needed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="396F62AE46060D9F923AA107894C12F3" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" type="taxonomic note">
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<paragraph id="D13B51A4A0D08741B31296A3AAC70551" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Taxonomic Note.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7340A1E9FFD05AE7D0521996BEDE045C" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">
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This taxon is very likely monophyletic, characterized by the synapomorphic condition of the lateral bead of the pronotum uninterrupted and removed from the base. The genus
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<taxonomicName id="29875475BA53E76C534C90EFE3AE90D7" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Clivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9CAC68AB540652486DEE1A15468EE83B" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Clivina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is markedly speciose and inadequately understood both taxonomically and phylogenetically. In these circumstances, I believe it is more convenient to isolate this taxon as a distinct genus even if eventually it may prove to be nested within
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<taxonomicName id="DEA8C902FB2854930678BF4631F463EE" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Clivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3FA43E0D4A5C71433E0DE4E159158B94" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Clivina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In a cladistic analysis of the five Western Hemisphere subgenera of
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<taxonomicName id="983B2986E64AB80BD7133CAEF2AB06BB" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Clivina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="283" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4649F224BEFD499B07CC8926880E1AEE" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">Clivina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="9781FCB54F8F042A5348D29C426C88B2" italics="true" pageId="283" pageNumber="284">sensu auctorum</emphasis>
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) conducted by Ball (2001: Fig. 9), this taxon turn out as the sister-group to the remaining subgenera.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |