172 lines
16 KiB
XML
172 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="23559" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" ID-GBIF-Dataset="447d0c45-35c7-4aaa-b3b3-acbf7069da06" ID-PMC="PMC7082394" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-142-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" ID-PubMed="32210671" ModsDocID="1314-2003-142-1" checkinTime="1584104974826" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Klopper, Ronell R., Crouch, Neil R., Smith, Gideon F. & van Wyk, Abraham E." docDate="2020" docId="A6F40EA8C75A51E79FC0BA96AED44D48" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 142: 1-88" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 142" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" docTitle="Aloe thraskii Baker 1880" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" masterDocTitle="A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732650654357" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FD95E6CC0849848498436A444677813A">A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EBBE1CF7BCECDDE3841E03B6499EBC65">Klopper, Ronell R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C1F6C4CE9A06F62FC8BE5E7446A00CDC">Crouch, Neil R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="96CD3C93ECAEFA1C11659FA1F92F9B32">Smith, Gideon F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="FC8BD45470DA946ED5D44C7E4335FB3B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="61FEC5D47E66973FF2CB2658DBF681A7">van Wyk, Abraham E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C98BA80B11ED6AE09BA0A11A5CB7412B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="3587767FAB5DDB1032E23B2C4691BC6E">
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<mods:title id="19E6AE53702F3B53263311BE6A467D8C">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="436610904857C6B02CAF8D75FE428348">
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<mods:date id="423F619576CBD6A4DC24B35DC15C64F2">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="00A876017330520BD6811A22742213F6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1603DA01628B1C79598938137EC1F9A1">142</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="86E68FB91DBFBDD9E3107DF8EE1678F8">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="1D802BB7860C1CDC0A288A312DD26316">88</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="36662DEB6A898A7B14790EC44EFFF17A">
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<mods:url id="489E165EF07397DBEBDE357C75307004">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="36CB217C1EB66A4A1DE9C9420E9112C0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F77058BBB27E80F9D73D9C1CD600EBF2" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="50375C2E53D309103289037F843D2DDF" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-142-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="A6F40EA8C75A51E79FC0BA96AED44D48" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162487017" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6F40EA8C75A51E79FC0BA96AED44D48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A6F40EA8C75A51E79FC0BA96AED44D48" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Asphodelaceae">
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<subSubSection id="592B23723195548B96FA743D99FE93FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="71264985569A2B26F2C1507AC723B4F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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NE
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<taxonomicName id="030F3D53ECCE3152CC4AD29417C4FD7F" ID-CoL="C45M" LSID="A6F40EA8-C75A-51E7-9FC0-BA96AED44D48" authority="Baker" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe thraskii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thraskii">Aloe thraskii Baker</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D55DCBE79AA8A65DC6CD37E1F3F36209" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
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<paragraph id="09D3D4E2EEEFE65158A24E55D14E6F10" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4EF7CC1D4D3ECEABCD28DA9D88A2C25D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dune aloe, strand aloe (English); strandaalwyn (Afrikaans); umhlaba (Zulu).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1516B09882E477696A792E9AB232791F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8C6398A7458B4CDAA2696F4EFC15CFCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="12BA122F9C811E1AAA27F0C6B4C079B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Solitary, arborescent plant, up to 3 m high.
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<emphasis id="F1620822DB389EDF0681A26F6387F003" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stem</emphasis>
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simple, erect, 1-2 m high, can be up to 4 m, with persistent dried leaves.
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<emphasis id="9D88224616F5F3FAD22BE117B3FEA86D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
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condensed rosulate, gracefully recurved, dull green to glaucous, without lines or spots, lower surface sometimes with a few spines in median line, lanceolate-attenuate, 160 cm long, 22 cm wide at base; margin very thin, narrow, reddish or brownish-red, with small deltoid reddish teeth,
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<normalizedToken id="714A1BFEA62B0CBD2707A4B299C3C225" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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2 mm long, 10-20 mm apart; exudate honey-coloured.
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<emphasis id="FFC7EF3685ED482500E31C669411FBA9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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0.5-0.8 m high, erect, 4- to 8-branched.
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<emphasis id="9C1CF82205F682FD6B487F866EB10D88" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Racemes</emphasis>
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broadly cylindrical, slightly acuminate, somewhat truncate, up to 25 cm long, usually shorter, very dense.
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<emphasis id="D458764043875F1C12D5E53F0FFC22D1" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Floral bracts</emphasis>
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9 mm long, 6 mm wide.
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<emphasis id="C51F6D12E2721EEC200D1A1B551251B4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pedicels</emphasis>
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1-2 mm long.
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<emphasis id="87F42D0B8A6853E5F4033827B7E777F2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis id="6B7FFB7A50323D4AEE42A940C0224BBB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">perianth</emphasis>
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greenish to orange in buds, lemon-yellow to pale orange when mature, greenish tipped,
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<normalizedToken id="3655B86A8B3367EC734904E97A5CF541" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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25 mm long,
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<normalizedToken id="252A46C9AB0FA69507775879CE4C345E" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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6 mm across ovary, enlarging towards throat, mouth constricted and upturned, cylindrical, slightly clavate; outer segments free for
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<normalizedToken id="224529AD77F1FE7ECD64A2CD8E055CE9" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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17 mm;
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<emphasis id="E706172DA64B4D470B0D43F73CB460B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stamens</emphasis>
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exserted 15-20 mm;
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<emphasis id="F2E7DCDB34C0834FC8259CF6A1FD9C3D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">style</emphasis>
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exserted to 20 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8039266D98FAE3029999046FE7A7DFDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="flowering time">
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<paragraph id="AD5BBE68B2EF53BBA687FF07942716E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering time.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="90210F035084B6A3CCDA584102367FCB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">June-July.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="36B37C0D951C24FC42DF3B66A5AE2667" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph id="65EF1437F6DB25B2C792EF0EF08BE6E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F2457FAB8B70A4ADCCBB5CE01CE7C04F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Beach dunes, in almost pure sand in low coastal vegetation or taller bush.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6E5332F406829987885084270D3F54F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="50CCF6AC3BFD969164A3534DA8603678" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic characters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A158C56B30E9EC59D961296892AF0213" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="6CF19088CC087E4C63A9452EBBCDB92C" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe thraskii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thraskii">
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<emphasis id="B284DAF1C592A905515C6E58EAD26119" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe thraskii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from the other tall, often single-stemmed aloes in KwaZulu-Natal (
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<taxonomicName id="82BF578A2F73339ECDA4A167B96D72B1" authorityName="A. Berger" authorityYear="1906" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe candelabrum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candelabrum">
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<emphasis id="0755F5DF775D96C5A3E928CF313B25CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe candelabrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B17170662A0AFD64B31F896752B7287D" authorityName="A. Berger" authorityYear="1905" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe marlothii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="marlothii">
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<emphasis id="842F4D2B911884B99E4410332585C29F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe marlothii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="EE314783915080AB2DC1BF4169B6E2DA" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe pluridens" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pluridens">
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<emphasis id="D90416B6FE5AAB22C91460BBDF57D4AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe pluridens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="731B4D9A9955EC8F2B96C2838B6498E6" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1896" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe rupestris" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rupestris">
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<emphasis id="BD81B8A4B81A415C79279DA039CDB05A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe rupestris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="F9C6AD11E80BE0278FB7412BA6154B23" authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe spectabilis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
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<emphasis id="A555D57C47C2788B45D604D835AC1C89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe spectabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) with branched inflorescences, by its strictly coastal habitat and in having long (
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<normalizedToken id="4FDE12ABE162AB29B0CAE7A0262C3C78" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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160
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<normalizedToken id="252FD1B604EE637362FF86D9381A430A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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22 cm), strongly recurved, deeply channelled leaves with small reddish marginal teeth. The inflorescence is 4- to 8-branched with erect, very dense, broadly cylindrical, slightly acuminate and somewhat truncate racemes of up to 25 cm long. Flowers are lemon-yellow to pale orange and
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<normalizedToken id="398FD5785CDE90D97E556AB7CE759B57" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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25 mm long. The long-exserted yellowish-orange stamens and style emerge from the flower at an angle (not straight as in
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<taxonomicName id="5EC0B457B9948D6D4BE68DA7E0EB2AFC" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1896" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe rupestris" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rupestris">
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<emphasis id="BD6D6D3C3B451344586267CD5C937AF0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe rupestris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B23A93740A291A37145BE91EA52CDD60" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph id="2E13753B95979929F33399C914494F52" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F75761F2A0872EF91682219519536B57" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Near-threatened. Threats include habitat loss owing to urban expansion along the coast, as well as illegal collecting (
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<bibRefCitation id="3790E9027F364163A806D9B5C88888DC" author="Raimondo, D" journalOrPublisher="South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B37" refString="Raimondo, D, Von Staden, L, Foden, W, Victor, JE, Helme, NA, Turner, RC, Kamundi, DA, Manyama, PA, 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." title="Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." year="2009">Raimondo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BEF23A63EBA12DDA99001F4E585E880E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="98C61949159137D9459EF6C663457604" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6FDAA0BD709844E594843D9C77A7D04B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Occurs in a narrow coastal strip from the far northern coast of the Eastern Cape into KwaZulu-Natal to just north of Durban, South Africa (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="23BE58A083965771FD60F8FBA0C6019E" captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Aloe thraskii. Photo: G. Nichols." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388270" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">44</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="53606B233C27079F34B85A2D7618527A" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388270" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 44" startId="F44">
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<paragraph id="85D2930D1D9AF5119BA21C8B778160DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="285007989F435445E38528A9BE772C07" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 44.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="315F825A1CCE28DB1B03DB5B238FCBA9" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe thraskii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thraskii">
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<emphasis id="5425F4AC7FC4568BECD3347F3EB02087" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe thraskii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Photo: G. Nichols.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |