296 lines
23 KiB
XML
296 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297102" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316519" ID-GBIF-Dataset="38aee501-3c26-4686-9c32-a0991b651db7" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905099958" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="A67D44C8862907D90DA86064FAAE84CA" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Artiodactyla.637-722.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Syncerus caffer" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="AB6A4FBA464988A6B3A53F4B8CD52B4B" lastPageNumber="695" masterDocId="AB6A4FBA464988A6B3A53F4B8CD52B4B" masterDocTitle="Order Artiodactyla" masterLastPageNumber="722" masterPageNumber="637" pageNumber="695" updateTime="1716783024384" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="12EBBA38CE43459D15B205ACF7347A6C">
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<mods:title id="87B22ADC8D54E93F960CB02A4B3E1D99">Order Artiodactyla</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="0B807457EE36517CFA0B294D66347E85" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F72F783CF46074C79D00BA2B4940CE3C">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4140A358BAAB842F3CB4AD2BC3C12C7D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B03871B00A96178236B86675BC064939">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="CF9002EA543E22A6F9EFAD229BB4467F">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="247BBACD8DA4EECAD58557A782666A16">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="DDFDFA44BA93B6421BBC6814D9F5FB5A">2005</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="3953E16E27CBAC50B2A2A426D5B0F539">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="F536D0C77C2C1E61254E7991DE3BAF29">
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<mods:placeTerm id="CE32782F35D0C3FD9D794D544E0351C1">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo id="91D78186754D16E331DA0C87B5F34659">
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<mods:title id="29076B4211FAEFD1414AE0879B8C3253">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F6E3267CE0550FC5B517BAAD06F57092">
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<mods:extent id="2D4D38184E80832BB01B8F450A9E1BAC" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="2B23AEE9401E48AE97578DC8474ABBB5">637</mods:start>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="91715460B32DBE08471F15227FAE12BE">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A3C88A09B6F0EB26B2C621D1D1AAE261" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="65F2C3C9B6F7C6938AE30929EB5EF161" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316519</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A67D44C8862907D90DA86064FAAE84CA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11337332" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231541141" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11337332" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A67D44C8862907D90DA86064FAAE84CA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A67D44C8862907D90DA86064FAAE84CA" lastPageNumber="695" pageNumber="695" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14200707">
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<subSubSection id="6FEB4DE7467D6853927E91955287D67F" pageNumber="695" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="52FD7326ADF12C63EC6E824F01E2394B" pageNumber="695">
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||
<taxonomicName id="20BF7E04874725C45A22B2E68F4D288C" ID-CoL="7B7J7" authority="(Sparrman 1779)" baseAuthorityName="Sparrman" baseAuthorityYear="1779" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Syncerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="695" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caffer">
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<emphasis id="63EA165DB84EC57FD559935E1C15AA08" italics="true" pageNumber="695">Syncerus caffer</emphasis>
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(Sparrman 1779)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="CF5B2E9AB1AEC8C32F8BA0D93D7A6E60" pageNumber="695" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="00D6507CCC720F700827FA9033CDBC8F" pageNumber="695">
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<treatmentCitation id="65B93F2237408CC25B95C53ABB5EA627" author="Sparrman" authority="Sparrman 1779" authorityName="Sparrman" authorityYear="1779" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" journal="K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Stockholm" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" page="79" pageNumber="695" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caffer" title="Bos caffer" volume="40" year="1779">
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<taxonomicName id="C904D6BBE54337009633D4D0463EA489" authority="Sparrman 1779" authorityName="Sparrman" authorityYear="1779" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="695" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caffer">
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<emphasis id="788E8E986A921B1801A8775DDD268724" italics="true" pageNumber="695">[Bos] caffer</emphasis>
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Sparrman 1779
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibCitation id="D2636C39C53147BE93A1206BF93F6293" author="Sparrman" journal="K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Stockholm" pageNumber="695" pagination="79" title="Bos caffer" volume="40" year="1779">
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K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl.
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<collectingRegion id="B6AE5EAE0395B62BAF3CB347B3328BBB" country="Sweden" name="Stockholm">Stockholm</collectingRegion>
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, 40: 79
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</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BF0893856890582CC24F9EE826D13A5C" pageNumber="695" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="99CBA213882E9094BA699B0317A25501" pageNumber="695">
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<emphasis id="EECA09805E435179043AE2014CCCCAC8" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="695">Type Locality:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="637CE29592876163D2B918AE1CB2112C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867329572" country="South Africa" pageNumber="695" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
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"Seecov Rivier" and "Akter Brunties hoogte", now restricted to
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<collectingCountry id="37F18FF60C4562FC17FAA79E744AAB60" name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="3CADA2A056F85DD648EC94BC8ACE4FCB" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape">Eastern Cape Prov.</collectingRegion>
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, Uitenhage district, Sunday River, Algoa Bay.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="01F0CDA7598753A74DD64FE908683A92" pageNumber="695" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="7EE0CBBE5FE259089F3C378E080F08AF" pageNumber="695">
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<emphasis id="42D4078BDF14E4257CEB2B5123E4A125" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="695">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="F700B8358BA610E3295F7C4DE6034D4A" language="eng" pageNumber="695">African Buffalo</vernacularName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="169BA38F66F9AB6565432959EF282F12" pageNumber="695" type="child_taxa">
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||
<paragraph id="8DCC483AE0FB08389AD0AF5E3EE73E99" pageNumber="695">
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<emphasis id="BF7F63BA20739CAC9F52BA4D8E1F34C9" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="695">Subspecies:</emphasis>
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:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="63AB5B99BABD6BAAC38C466C70B1410F" pageNumber="695">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="DE2EFF9886EC8BD1A927EC955CC400AC" authority="Sparrman 1779" authorityName="Sparrman" authorityYear="1779" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Syncerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="695" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caffer" subSpecies="caffer">
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<emphasis id="E455A1897444E5C2756C4F03C3A47B54" italics="true" pageNumber="695">Syncerus caffer</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="473C6EFF4BCD862EF1B1DE378C6EECCE" italics="true" pageNumber="695">caffer</emphasis>
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Sparrman 1779
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="D1E52382EC1BE58B1E338F694B21D6EB" pageNumber="695">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="942EC3A55875EB31DD19A873B6063A1A" authority="Blyth 1866" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1866" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Syncerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="695" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caffer" subSpecies="aequinoctialis">
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||
<emphasis id="87397005599708484929D2ACE3A4C131" italics="true" pageNumber="695">Syncerus caffer</emphasis>
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||
subsp.
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<emphasis id="E2B2D065AE728292F29C4759DEFBDBBA" italics="true" pageNumber="695">aequinoctialis</emphasis>
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Blyth 1866
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="CA934A5EF64F9336F13194E6DEDD69B3" pageNumber="695">
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||
Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="C33AFC9265526DB6DB1214E4124FB73A" authority="Gray 1837" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Syncerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="695" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caffer" subSpecies="brachyceros">
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<emphasis id="C97D044C3C7F2A67CC6684B22EF07AD3" italics="true" pageNumber="695">Syncerus caffer</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="004AC23B806F04C07FB2ACCF1837A352" italics="true" pageNumber="695">brachyceros</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="569FBB96BC2F8F4FA6D296337F851EA0" author="Gray, J. E." refId="ref128275" refString="Gray, J. E. 1837 [1838]. On a new species of paradoxure (Paradoxurus derbianus) with remarks on some Mammalia recently purchased by the British Museum, and characters of the new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1837: 67." year="1837">Gray 1837</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="16EFE6B2BB4A31B1FA408ED421DA89C1" pageNumber="695">
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||
Subspecies
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||
<taxonomicName id="FA9B67E80ACEE6B57B25741914D4966A" authority="Lydekker 1904" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1904" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Syncerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="695" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caffer" subSpecies="matthewsi">
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||
<emphasis id="C4C04E26C1DE84AFBD36691DFDF8BACC" italics="true" pageNumber="695">Syncerus caffer</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
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||
<emphasis id="E4C62C3EC4796FDB7D4C1F5758CF4D7C" italics="true" pageNumber="695">matthewsi</emphasis>
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||
Lydekker 1904
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="F1536084628272D628EAD17A10B55705" pageNumber="695">
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||
Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="6CDF98E8AFCDB127FBDAC0F0C9E1F496" authority="Boddaert 1785" authorityName="Boddaert" authorityYear="1785" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Syncerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="695" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caffer" subSpecies="nanus">
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||
<emphasis id="628D806F8E872CA0EDD5F63700595036" italics="true" pageNumber="695">Syncerus caffer</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
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||
<emphasis id="CCCD1AC4C0CA9B7C3F30891034B99A10" italics="true" pageNumber="695">nanus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="CC07302C3447A6F7A24CABC6582D8570" author="Boddaert, P." refId="ref34353" refString="Boddaert, P. 1785. Elenchus animalium, volumen 1: Sistens quadrupedia huc usque nota, erorumque varietates. C. R. Hake, Rotterdam, 174 pp." year="1785">Boddaert 1785</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="070FE3C44C150EC9AB7ABC8171FCF029" pageNumber="695" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E7A431F3F4494029D1C289A73599BAD4" pageNumber="695">
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||
<emphasis id="76AEF20646E778A3721ADA0E549F304D" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="695">Distribution:</emphasis>
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Rain forest and savanna of
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<collectingCountry id="CC1BA3E9535EBE06D0CFA86CFFA39A01" name="Angola">Angola</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="CD974D9DE0D9D13120FB29A08C457DD8" name="Benin">Benin</collectingCountry>
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, N and E
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<collectingCountry id="27093882F3540DCA9A320A56154D2BBA" name="Botswana">Botswana</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="221CABB4ECE2F5139835766953B5EB5D" name="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="87482035F16840B5FDD52B818884E821" name="Burundi">Burundi</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="83223D41BB2F328130D12AC5C2D44834" name="Cameroon">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F6C2E5C14287E3B9811CCB14EABFCBD2" name="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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, S
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<collectingCountry id="39167D68CFA379704C970ECC386877BC" name="Chad">Chad</collectingCountry>
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, Côte d’Ivoire, Dem. Rep.
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<collectingCountry id="77242F10101398A09C61B75AA4A35758" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="D1AAC946D37351FEAD3CD02A4F09D3EC" name="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="0E8FB930253902CCD0A651C3CB6F77F7" name="Equatorial Guinea">Mbini</collectingCountry>
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; extinct on Bioko), N
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<collectingCountry id="350DC73C93CA551358B60D0BC70536A6" name="Eritrea">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="B39B7C3697249F0ACCC9460F7B9E78CB" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="BEEC80B933D65EA5799544C8F5EB41E8" name="Gabon">Gabon</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="7196DC22291973798B3DA9B3499BB93A" name="Gambia">Gambia</collectingCountry>
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(extinct),
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<collectingCountry id="D432B36E33310684445E83426CB743C0" name="Ghana">Ghana</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="5E080BAC2D78C47E914CF86C99A525BB" name="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="AE921EF729B42CBD2AE9DBF1C5A85321" name="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="387A060BE49D3BD8B8D2A30BEFD3AFF3" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="56CDD3FF59AEA694E6C609ABCAB38286" name="Liberia">Liberia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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<collectingCountry id="CD87C4AD9AA92EBF2D8925758938431F" name="Malawi">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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||
, S
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<collectingCountry id="06C5C9D07977590E23A5C81B659B456F" name="Serbia">Mali</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="762895E6052BF01B86CED8D1CF37F1DD" name="Mozambique">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
, NE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6C4B3F5B55734E13D2C1BBEC0AB665A8" name="Namibia">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FB8DB4914398719A84E9E44BE26E1E1F" country="Namibia" name="Zambezi">Caprivi</collectingRegion>
|
||
Strip), SW
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||
<collectingCountry id="4C4AB990A1B05BCA26F0F6F475EC5A3E" name="Niger">Niger</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="85BCACB52B739120704DFEAE8F48256D" name="Nigeria">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="EDA9A8A016360805490283F656C17D33" name="Republic of the Congo">Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="11554A03E074E08EC3EDA3629C8D6B5F" name="Rwanda">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E5E8ACB3D483C9CC663113035829864A" name="Senegal">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C85470E271CF8070E52AC8CA3063154C" name="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
|
||
, S
|
||
<collectingCountry id="18F6AC848160796BDB9B9B5DF37C40C3" name="Somalia">Somalia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DEDD5D3842C2BC028CEC0E63DC96CECB" name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6B05267E0BA241BF9B2D29329F336F7" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="819C12872764E2AEFCFE8114B5D208B0" name="Swaziland">Swaziland</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="00C9F1A447A117A7E615C0EAF9D1B90F" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="4A346AA44DF5CD9F068E5492233CEE4C" name="Togo">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="ABFACFD9D5337534F8FF84FBA4A64818" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E36B92F1679E3AF3F8B7FE7CFFAA758A" name="Zambia">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="656FB742F36338147F297B8757C02263" name="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3F8312E69104FCEA3244DA51412F41B9" pageNumber="695" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB394FB83CE61A765CEEF701626876A3" pageNumber="695">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC29484E306F9500BE62D0EC47FDB3FC" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="695">Conservation:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="2A68ACCB0BC3739012D774F845FB40DE">IUCN</collectionCode>
|
||
– Lower Risk (cd).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6A7BBBB107A6E9036DE74D01A903B509" pageNumber="695" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="1219C3A65112F556473D6367CBB5ADCC" pageNumber="695">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A83236243C7230713EB78842A2527D2" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="695">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6E5870A821FBAC9D0167F32F9ADB5B9" author="Ansell, W. F. H." refId="ref11014" refString="Ansell, W. F. H. 1972. Order Artiodactyla. Part 15. Pp. 1 - 84, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.) [issued 2 May 1972]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated." year="1972">Ansell (1972:19)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
compared subspecific systematics of different authors, here modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85847C8921105F02B41C665700B81483" author="Schouteden, H." refId="ref321240" refString="Schouteden, H. 1945. De Zoogdieren van Belgish Congo en van Ruanda-Urundi. Annales du Musee du Congo Belge, Tervuren (Belgique). C. - Zoologie, Ser. 2, 3: 1 - 576." year="1945">Schouteden (1945)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The species can be partitioned into the nominate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="734DA1A28E9756192411F7BFD7418AB1" baseAuthorityName="Sparrman" baseAuthorityYear="1779" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Syncerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caffer">
|
||
<emphasis id="416D16CEC1390FF6E84EDA0AE633AB6B" italics="true" pageNumber="695">caffer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
division (including also
|
||
<emphasis id="F931930CD74415E8049E714BE53430B8" italics="true" pageNumber="695">aequinoctialis</emphasis>
|
||
) and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DE3CA2A154CF4684B411005A227D2F3B" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1839" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9C5D9421610EC5169E53DB683A17A524" italics="true" pageNumber="695">nanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
division (including also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAB965751727AF3B66B319E15787A9DD" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachyceros">
|
||
<emphasis id="3006E6F0D7958E6152AADF17DB120B1B" italics="true" pageNumber="695">brachyceros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); phylogeography indicates similar haplotypes for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="214C5C5CE3AC1D5B8AA3C9A038F3890F" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1839" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0E96D9F9DD1966B7A732A7147E00DB1F" italics="true" pageNumber="695">nanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6204D53093C87BEDAA66769985F310E" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachyceros">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="7D3D627090C22252E98F3F8CDD105699" italics="true" pageNumber="695">brachyceros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which differ from those of nominate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B996093708398CF30D9FAEAFE173A38" authority="(Van Hooft et al., 2002)" baseAuthorityName="Van Hooft" baseAuthorityYear="2002" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Syncerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caffer">
|
||
<emphasis id="9E4E8EAF421EA3DAF3F393F993706DF9" italics="true" pageNumber="695">caffer</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BCB3C62263E3B674C1D30B7F830A9565" author="Van Hooft, W. F. & A. F. Groen & H. H. T. Prins" refId="ref366314" refString="Van Hooft, W. F., A. F. Groen, and H. H. T. Prins. 2002. Phylogeography of the African buffalo based on mitochondrial and Y-chromosome loci. Pleistocene origins and population expansion of the Cape buffalo subspecies. Molecular Ecology, 11: 267 - 279." year="2002">Van Hooft et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="EB1C9221AE59C09BD7F1924F3801B4FC" italics="true" pageNumber="695">matthewsi</emphasis>
|
||
is probably of polyphyletic origin;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9BB3B2C2F33904C4FBF5850C2DF729AB" baseAuthorityName="Lydekker" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Hyemoschus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cottoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="602252088B62E84835A927735A54A141" italics="true" pageNumber="695">cottoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on a specimen of nominate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D79472E793D298F541819D2F60C82734" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Syncerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caffer">
|
||
<emphasis id="4E961DDBC7403410116F80518C70F874" italics="true" pageNumber="695">caffer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
showing characters reflecting gene flow between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93A59A445C30CDEC55654F955D48EC55" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Syncerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caffer">
|
||
<emphasis id="56AE29178C587DED4E715A16B228E4BB" italics="true" pageNumber="695">caffer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88EB3C230FA20DCCA38ACA2556223DDB" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1839" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="662A6FB0CD71867C90FE335564FD9F2D" italics="true" pageNumber="695">nanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34064BA6EB3ECBBDB589B91F97124D23" authority="C. H. Smith, 1827" authorityName="C. H. Smith" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pegasus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B6F9E996D6A7FCC62F6CDF2C59CE0180" italics="true" pageNumber="695">Bos pegasus</emphasis>
|
||
C. H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="91C915FC8064FA342343951A1A3C7238" author="Smith, C. H." refId="ref330696" refString="Smith, C. H. 1827. The seventh order of the Mammalia. The Ruminantia. Pp. 1 - 428, in The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, member of the Institute of France, & c. & c. & c. with additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed (E. Griffith, C. H. [amilton] Smith, and E. Pidgeon, eds.). G. B. Whitaker, London, 4: 1 - 498." year="1827">Smith, 1827</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been identified as an African buffalo, but is probably a sheep (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="16CC18F3A3C96F0B71A914D50A2E3623" author="Blyth, E." refId="ref34154" refString="Blyth, E. 1871. The suppositious " Bos (?) pegasus " of the late Colonel Charles Hamilton Smith. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 4, 8: 204 - 207." year="1871">Blyth, 1871</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |