483 lines
60 KiB
XML
483 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document id="92A396B5655CBFFD722719EB6222B10F" ID-CLB-Dataset="5426" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3839.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6d32f9c2-3094-425b-bb7e-9c6e0517d4fd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927721" ID-ZooBank="AA7FEED5-5C1F-48D0-A172-5C25C4001DF3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623431431244" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Skuhrovec, Jiří, Gosik, Rafał & Caldara, Roberto" docDate="2014" docId="A65B8792F3151F1667B4BFEA89F6AB9B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03839p083.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3839 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tychius capucinus Boheman 1843" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="5A62FFEAF3181F186723BA028828AC6B" masterDocTitle="Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1699010544010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="935B845C6727F09A28CF53B15297C7F2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2D514DCA4B2A4122C6576E32357F15A2">
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<mods:title id="1550B6BA9A844CE14E2855200AF3489E">Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="8CCFE6DBBA0ECE76E8DC4D97D3125373" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="949777A749C6E88F8727D3174538E9F1">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D775557504AD4676C9FC38A957B86646">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DE2CCC439C7275C44BD62CE02F00FA90">Skuhrovec, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="68A36EB9EE0EF95BB7FABB0BC5AE94E1">Gosik, Rafał</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A5F1907E6EF124027A45813B1BF3F39E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="047958BF2724CA3E0C8DD21DB107DD0B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B95E8D050BCC7CCAAC1469E726914869">Caldara, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="793D412060A00D179468E87D2CD805EC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="407F73C8C041C48937364A90AD0D6794">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A7A095ED0404F4F8ACDA4C8F9F9C56D0">
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<mods:date id="2C9D5FEC665EF657523708844355C312">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ED291B1C8BC32CF6E0313CD5BF93961E">2014-07-23</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="9A81EF3F8A77F744FD87CE474A5AD516" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3256770225F07B1EE173DD0CCAB1FA01">3839</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="96B0B24D2608AEAC68C45CC0BFAB6167" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="CE0E7D57E0FDD3E984C0B01AFBD6B9BB">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="B922262DB5B09F7FA7F522B1A52CA790" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3839.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A65B8792F3151F1667B4BFEA89F6AB9B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927625" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183550433" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927625" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F3151F1667B4BFEA89F6AB9B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A65B8792F3151F1667B4BFEA89F6AB9B" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3151F1567B4BFEA8971AA2F" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567B4BFEA8AB4AA69" blockId="13.[151,668,1512,1538]" box="[151,668,1512,1538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="750581E8F3151F1567B4BFEA8AB4AA69" bold="true" box="[151,668,1512,1538]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3151F1567B4BFEA8AB4AA69" authority="Boheman, 1843" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1843" box="[151,668,1512,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capucinus">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567B4BFEA8AB4AA69" bold="true" box="[151,668,1512,1538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567B4BFEA88DFAA69" bold="true" box="[151,247,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tychius</emphasis>
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(s. str.)
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15667ABFEA89FDAA69" bold="true" box="[345,469,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">capucinus</emphasis>
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Boheman, 1843
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567B4BC2C8971AA2F" blockId="13.[151,345,1582,1604]" box="[151,345,1582,1604]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<bibRefCitation id="4A634B75F3151F1567B4BC2C897DAA2F" author="Caldara, R." box="[151,341,1582,1604]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="51 - 218" refId="ref37273" refString="Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche del genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218." type="journal article" year="1990">Caldara 1990: 164</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3151F1567B4BC738C58AAB9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567B4BC738C58AAB9" blockId="13.[151,1436,1649,2008]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567B4BC738953AAE1" bold="true" box="[151,379,1649,1674]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="9E9A3CD9F3151F1566A8BC738CA5AAC5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323411303" collectingDate="1979-05-26" collectionCode="R" country="Italy" county="Caldara" location="Siniscola" municipality="Sassari province" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="40" specimenCount-larva="40" stateProvince="Sardegna">
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<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF3151F1566A8BC7389DCAAE1" box="[395,500,1649,1674]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="larva">40 larvae</specimenCount>
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from pods of
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<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3151F1565B9BC708B88AAE1" box="[666,928,1649,1674]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ornithopodioides">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1565B9BC708B88AAE1" box="[666,928,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Lotus ornithopodioides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L. collected
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<date id="5A4C1044F3151F15631BBC738C8EAAE1" box="[1080,1190,1649,1674]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1979-05-26">
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<collectingDate id="4A08E9ACF3151F15631BBC738C8EAAE1" box="[1080,1190,1649,1674]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1979-05-26">26.v.1979</collectingDate>
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</date>
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on sand dunes of the beach of Santa Lucia near
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<location id="2B2D605FF3151F15669DBC978A00AAC5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F3151F1667B4BFEA89F6AB9B:2B2D605FF3151F15669DBC978A00AAC5" box="[446,552,1685,1710]" country="Italy" county="Caldara" municipality="Sassari province" name="Siniscola" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Sardegna">Siniscola</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="CE29ACFEF3151F156511BC978AC5AAC5" box="[562,749,1685,1710]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Sassari province</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="EC36F866F3151F1565DBBC978B7DAAC5" box="[760,853,1685,1710]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="56E57614F3151F156447BC978BB4AAC5" box="[868,924,1685,1710]" name="Italy" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Italy</collectingCountry>
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), leg.
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<collectionCode id="48E3AE41F3151F1564FCBC948BDDAAC6" box="[991,1013,1686,1709]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectingCounty id="C72C4E08F3151F1564DCBC978C71AAC5" box="[1023,1113,1685,1710]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Caldara</collectingCounty>
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, and
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</materialsCitation>
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<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF3151F1563B0BC978CD0AAC6" box="[1171,1272,1685,1710]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="pupa">66 pupae</specimenCount>
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obtained from larvae collected similarly to the others, all determined by association with reared adults.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3151F1567E4BCDF8A85AA9D" box="[199,685,1757,1782]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567E4BCDF8A85AA9D" blockId="13.[151,1436,1649,2008]" box="[199,685,1757,1782]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567E4BCDF89E5AA9D" bold="true" box="[199,461,1757,1782]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
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See
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3151F156527BCDF8A49AA9D" box="[516,609,1757,1782]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="27.[151,231,151,172]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="TABLE 2. Larval setal index of: 1—T. parallelus group (A—T. paralellus); 2—T. striatulus group (B—T. striatulus); 3—T. quinquepunctatus group (C—T. quinqupunctatus); 4—T. intrusus group (D—T. alpinus; E—T. brisouti); 5—T.depressus group (F—T. depressus); 6—T. seriepilosus group (G—T. schneideri); 7—T. siculus group (H—T. capucinus); 8—T. squamulatus group (I—T. caldarai; J—T. squamulatus); 9—T. argentatus group (K—T. argentatus); 10—T. stephensi group (L—T. breviusculus; M—T. curtirostris; N—T. decretus; O—T. meliloti; P—T. pusillus; Q—T. tibialis)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3031F0367B4BA958B4CAD4F" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3031F0367B4BA958B4CAD4F">Tables 2</tableCitation>
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and
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3151F1565BBBCDF8A80AA9D" box="[664,680,1757,1782]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="28.[151,241,484,507]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="TABLE 3. Pupal setal index of: 1—T. quinquepunctatus group (A—T. quinqupunctatus); 2—T. intrusus group (B—T. alpinus; C—T. brisouti); 3—T. depressus group (D—T. depressus); 4—T. seriepilosus group (E—T. schneideri); 5—T. siculus group (F—T. capucinus); 6—T. squamulatus group (G—T. caldarai; H—T. squamulatus); 7—T. argentatus group (I—T. argentatus); 8—T. stephensi group (J—T. breviusculus; K—T. curtirostris; L—T. decretus; M—T. meliloti; N—T. pusillus; O—T. tibialis)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3041F0467B4BBE689B0AE10" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3041F0467B4BBE689B0AE10">3</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3151F1667E4BD038C41AA9F" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567E4BD03896AAB55" blockId="13.[151,1436,1649,2008]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567E4BD038A30AB71" bold="true" box="[199,536,1793,1818]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description of mature larva.</emphasis>
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COLORATION. Head brown to light brown. All thoracic and abdominal segments whitish yellow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1667E4BD488ADFAC95" blockId="13.[151,1436,1649,2008]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,2032]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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HEAD CAPSULE AND MOUTH PARTS. Head width:
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<quantity id="E90A9B61F3151F156430BD4B8B93AB0A" box="[787,955,1865,1890]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="0.48" valueMax="0.52" valueMin="0.44">0.44–0.52 mm</quantity>
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(see
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3151F1564DCBD4B8C75AB09" box="[1023,1117,1865,1890]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
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). Endocarinal line present, exceeding middle of frons.
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1566F9BD6C8A26ABE1" box="[474,526,1902,1930]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Des
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<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F156525BD7E8A26ABE1" attach="left" box="[518,526,1916,1930]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">1</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located almost in central parts of epicarnium;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156314BD6F8C4CABE1" box="[1079,1124,1901,1930]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F15637FBD7E8C4CABE1" attach="left" box="[1116,1124,1916,1930]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">2</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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absent;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1563E9BD6F8CDFABE1" box="[1226,1271,1901,1930]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F1563CCBD7E8CDFABE1" attach="left" box="[1263,1271,1916,1930]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">3</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located along frontal suture;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15661EBD968943ABDA" box="[317,363,1940,1969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F156640BDA18943ABDA" attach="left" box="[355,363,1955,1969]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">4</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
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located along frontal suture;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156594BD968ACCABDA" box="[695,740,1940,1969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F1565FFBDA18ACCABDA" attach="left" box="[732,740,1955,1969]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">5</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located anterolaterally;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1564D5BD968C0BABDA" box="[1014,1059,1940,1969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F156338BDA18C0BABDA" attach="left" box="[1051,1059,1955,1969]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">4</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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4 times shorter than others (
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15624BBD968DBDABDA" box="[1384,1429,1940,1969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
des
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||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F1562AEBDA18DBDABDA" attach="left" box="[1421,1429,1955,1969]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">1</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567B4BDB988ECABB3" box="[151,196,1979,2008]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F15679FBDC888ECABB3" attach="left" box="[188,196,1994,2008]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">3</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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,
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567FABDB9892EABB3" box="[217,262,1979,2008]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F1567DDBDC8892EABB3" attach="left" box="[254,262,1994,2008]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">5</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F156606BDB98957ABBF" box="[293,383,1979,2004]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1807,1830]" captionTargetBox="[189,1430,247,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-131@53.[151,1436,193,1786]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Tychius capucinus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 86—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 87—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 88—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 89—antenna; 90—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 91—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927771/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1566B9BDB989ECABBF" box="[410,452,1979,2004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fs1</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15652BBDB98A0BABB3" box="[520,547,1979,2008]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F156538BDC88A0BABB3" attach="left" box="[539,547,1994,2008]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1565AEBDB98A80ABB3" box="[653,680,1979,2008]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F156583BDC88A80ABB3" attach="left" box="[672,680,1994,2008]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
very short, located medially;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15633BBDB98C1BABB3" box="[1048,1075,1979,2008]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3151F156308BDC88C1BABB3" attach="left" box="[1067,1075,1994,2008]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">4</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
located anteromedially (along epistoma);
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166637BA958907ACDF" box="[276,303,151,180]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F166604BAA48907ACDF" attach="left" box="[295,303,166,180]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">5</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
located anterolaterally (along epistoma), 5 times longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1664C1BA958BD5ACDF" box="[994,1021,151,180]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F1664D6BAA48BD5ACDF" attach="left" box="[1013,1021,166,180]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F16632FBA958C48ACDB" box="[1036,1120,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1807,1830]" captionTargetBox="[189,1430,247,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-131@53.[151,1436,193,1786]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Tychius capucinus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 86—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 87—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 88—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 89—antenna; 90—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 91—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927771/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166357BA9B8CB3ACDB" box="[1140,1179,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Les</emphasis>
|
||
almost equal in length as
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166794BABC88CCACB0" box="[183,228,190,219]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F1667FFBACF88CCACB0" attach="left" box="[220,228,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667D0BAC28918ACB0" box="[243,304,192,219]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Ves
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F16663BBACF8918ACB0" attach="left" box="[280,304,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">1–2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
very short. Post-epicranial area with 1 minute
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166467BAC28B41ACBC" box="[836,873,192,215]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">pes</emphasis>
|
||
. Antennal segment membranous, bearing conical sensorium and 4 very short, conical, sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F1665B5BAE78AC2AC95" box="[662,746,229,254]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1807,1830]" captionTargetBox="[189,1430,247,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-131@53.[151,1436,193,1786]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Tychius capucinus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 86—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 87—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 88—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 89—antenna; 90—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 91—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927771/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3161F1667E4BB0B8A25AEFA" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Labrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F16660CBB0B89A9AD49" box="[303,385,265,290]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1807,1830]" captionTargetBox="[189,1430,247,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-131@53.[151,1436,193,1786]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Tychius capucinus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 86—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 87—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 88—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 89—antenna; 90—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 91—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927771/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
|
||
) approximately 3.1 times as wide as long;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166447BB0B8BBAAD4D" box="[868,914,265,294]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F1664A9BB1A8BBAAD4D" attach="left" box="[906,914,280,294]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly longer than equal in length
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16621EBB0B8D44AD4D" box="[1341,1388,265,294]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F166247BB1A8D44AD4D" attach="left" box="[1380,1388,280,294]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667B4BB3288EEAD26" box="[151,198,304,333]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F16679DBB3D88EEAD26" attach="left" box="[190,198,319,333]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; anterior margin slightly curved inside. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F1665D6BB328B6EAD22" box="[757,838,304,329]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1807,1830]" captionTargetBox="[189,1430,247,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-131@53.[151,1436,193,1786]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Tychius capucinus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 86—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 87—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 88—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 89—antenna; 90—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 91—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927771/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
|
||
) 3.8 times as wide as long; with 2 pairs of very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667B4BB55889EAD1B" box="[151,182,343,368]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">cls</emphasis>
|
||
of same length, and 1 sensillum, all located posterolaterally; anterior margin slightly curved inside. Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F1667BCBB7988D8ADFF" box="[159,240,379,404]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1807,1830]" captionTargetBox="[189,1430,247,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-131@53.[151,1436,193,1786]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Tychius capucinus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 86—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 87—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 88—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 89—antenna; 90—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 91—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927771/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2 pairs of
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166684BB7989E0ADFF" box="[423,456,379,404]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">als</emphasis>
|
||
, almost of equal length; with 2 pairs of short and triangular
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166346BB7E8CBAADF8" box="[1125,1170,380,403]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ams</emphasis>
|
||
; with 2 long finger-like and 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166638BBA2896EADDC" box="[283,326,416,439]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">mes</emphasis>
|
||
; labral rods short, kidney-shaped, slightly converging posteriorly. Mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F166396BB9D8D2EADD3" box="[1205,1286,415,440]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1807,1830]" captionTargetBox="[189,1430,247,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-131@53.[151,1436,193,1786]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Tychius capucinus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 86—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 87—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 88—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 89—antenna; 90—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 91—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927771/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 88</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667B4BBC188ECADB7" box="[151,196,451,476]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">mds</emphasis>
|
||
, almost of equal length. Maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F166577BBC18A84ADB7" box="[596,684,451,476]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1807,1830]" captionTargetBox="[189,1430,247,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-131@53.[151,1436,193,1786]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Tychius capucinus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 86—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 87—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 88—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 89—antenna; 90—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 91—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927771/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
|
||
): stipes with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166442BBC68BA5ADB0" box="[865,909,452,475]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">stps</emphasis>
|
||
, and with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166306BBC18C6EADB7" box="[1061,1094,451,476]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
of equal length; mala with 4 slightly curved
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166665BBE5895BAE6B" box="[326,371,487,512]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">dms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; with 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166588BBEA8AFFAD94" box="[683,727,488,511]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">vms</emphasis>
|
||
, short and almost of equal length. Maxillary palpi: length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres 1:0.7; basal palpomera with 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1664A6B80E8B96AE48" box="[901,958,524,547]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">mpxs</emphasis>
|
||
; distal palpomera with group of 4 conical, cuticular apical processes. Prementum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F166577B82D8A8EAE23" box="[596,678,559,584]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1807,1830]" captionTargetBox="[189,1430,247,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-131@53.[151,1436,193,1786]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Tychius capucinus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 86—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 87—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 88—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 89—antenna; 90—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 91—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927771/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
|
||
) heart-shaped, with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166483B8328BF0AE2C" box="[928,984,560,583]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">prms</emphasis>
|
||
; margin of ligula slightly sinuate; ligula with 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667C4B851892CAE07" box="[231,260,595,620]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">lig</emphasis>
|
||
; premental sclerite feebly visible. Postmentum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F16640AB8518B54AE07" box="[809,892,595,620]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1807,1830]" captionTargetBox="[189,1430,247,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-131@53.[151,1436,193,1786]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Tychius capucinus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 86—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 87—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 88—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 89—antenna; 90—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 91—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927771/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 3 pairs of
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166319B8568C4FAE00" box="[1082,1127,596,619]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">pms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length,
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166272B8568DAEAE1B" box="[1361,1414,596,624]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
pms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F16625DB8608DAEAE1B" attach="left" box="[1406,1414,610,624]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
3 times shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166645B87989B4AEFD" box="[358,412,635,662]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
pms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F1666B7B88A89B4AEFD" attach="left" box="[404,412,648,662]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1666F1B8798A2FAEFD" box="[466,519,635,662]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
pms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F1666DCB88A8A2FAEFD" attach="left" box="[511,519,648,662]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3161F1667E4B8A38A1FAF6A" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
THORAX AND ABDOMEN. Body length 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F3161F16658CB8A28B2EAED3" box="[687,774,672,697]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation id="6370033FF3161F166460B8A28BB6AED2" box="[835,926,672,697]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
), elongate. Abdominal segments I–V almost equal in length, slightly larger than abdominal segment VI and VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F1664AFB8C68BC9AEB6" box="[908,993,708,733]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–95" captionStartId="54.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,261,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-87@54.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURES 92–95. Tychius capucinus mature larva habitus: 92—lateral view, 93—lateral view of thoracic segments, 94—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 95—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927774/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spiracles on abdomen in median parts of segments (abdominal seg. I–VIII).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3161F1667E4B90E8BB3A84B" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Chaetotaxy of body developed. Setae different in length (long in comparison to other examined species), light brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667CFB9328964AF22" bold="true" box="[236,332,816,841]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F1666F3B9328A09AF22" box="[464,545,816,841]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–95" captionStartId="54.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,261,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-87@54.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURES 92–95. Tychius capucinus mature larva habitus: 92—lateral view, 93—lateral view of thoracic segments, 94—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 95—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927774/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 93</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 8
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16655DB9338A8DAF23" box="[638,677,817,840]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">prn</emphasis>
|
||
, 6 macro- and 2 microsetae; 2 moderately long
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166398B9338CFCAF23" box="[1211,1236,817,840]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of same length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667B4B9578894AF07" box="[151,188,853,876]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Meso- and metathorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F1666C0B9568A10AF06" box="[483,568,852,877]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–95" captionStartId="54.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,261,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-87@54.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURES 92–95. Tychius capucinus mature larva habitus: 92—lateral view, 93—lateral view of thoracic segments, 94—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 95—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927774/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 93</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1665BDB9578AEAAF07" box="[670,706,853,876]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">prs</emphasis>
|
||
; 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1665CEB9568B3CAF06" box="[749,788,852,877]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">pds</emphasis>
|
||
, almost of same length; alar area with 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16621FB9578D7DAF07" box="[1340,1365,853,876]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">as</emphasis>
|
||
; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16625CB9578DBDAF07" box="[1407,1429,853,876]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ss</emphasis>
|
||
, unequal in length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1666A2B97B898EAFFB" box="[385,422,889,912]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">eps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1666EFB97B89CDAFFB" box="[460,485,889,912]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; and 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166558B97B8A88AFFB" box="[635,672,889,912]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Each pedal area of thoracic segments well-separated and with 4–6 long
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667F3B99E88D2AFDE" box="[208,250,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">pda</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16662BB99E89ACAFDE" bold="true" box="[264,388,924,949]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal segments I–VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F1665ECB99E8B09AFDE" box="[719,801,924,949]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–95" captionStartId="54.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,261,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-87@54.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURES 92–95. Tychius capucinus mature larva habitus: 92—lateral view, 93—lateral view of thoracic segments, 94—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 95—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927774/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16645CB99F8B8BAFDF" box="[895,931,925,948]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">prs</emphasis>
|
||
different in length; 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1663B9B99E8CE9AFDE" box="[1178,1217,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">pds</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166788B9C388E9AFB3" box="[171,193,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ss</emphasis>
|
||
; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667C0B9C38920AFB3" box="[227,264,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">eps</emphasis>
|
||
; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166608B9C3896CAFB3" box="[299,324,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166515B9C28A73AFB2" box="[566,603,960,985]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16658EB9C38AFAAFB3" box="[685,722,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F166325B9C28C7FAFB2" box="[1030,1111,960,985]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–95" captionStartId="54.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,261,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-87@54.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURES 92–95. Tychius capucinus mature larva habitus: 92—lateral view, 93—lateral view of thoracic segments, 94—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 95—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927774/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 95</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166391B9C28CF1AFB2" box="[1202,1241,960,985]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">pds</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1663D8B9C38D39AFB3" box="[1275,1297,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ss</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166217B9C38D71AFB3" box="[1332,1369,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">eps</emphasis>
|
||
; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166258B9C38DBCAFB3" box="[1403,1428,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16678CB9E688FCAF96" box="[175,212,996,1021]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and 2 moderately long
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1666DBB9E78A35AF97" box="[504,541,997,1020]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment IX (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F166472B9E68B8EAF96" box="[849,934,996,1021]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–95" captionStartId="54.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,261,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-87@54.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURES 92–95. Tychius capucinus mature larva habitus: 92—lateral view, 93—lateral view of thoracic segments, 94—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 95—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927774/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 95</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16632DB9E68C0FAF96" box="[1038,1063,996,1021]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ds</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166371B9E78C43AF97" box="[1106,1131,997,1020]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1663E9B9E78CCFAF97" box="[1226,1255,997,1020]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">sts</emphasis>
|
||
. Anal lobes on abdominal segment X (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F1666BFBE0A89C5A84A" box="[412,493,1032,1057]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–95" captionStartId="54.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,261,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-87@54.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURES 92–95. Tychius capucinus mature larva habitus: 92—lateral view, 93—lateral view of thoracic segments, 94—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 95—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927774/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 95</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1 very short, feebly visible seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3161F1667E4BE2E8B7CA82E" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2032]" box="[199,852,1068,1093]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667E4BE2E8992A82E" bold="true" box="[199,442,1068,1093]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Description of pupa.</emphasis>
|
||
COLORATION. Body whitish yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3161F1667E4BE5388C6A8DA" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
MORPHOLOGY (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F16665ABE528A2BA802" box="[377,515,1104,1129]" captionStart="FIGURES 96–98" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[179,1377,228,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-64@55.[151,1436,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 96–98. Tychius capucinus pupa habitus: 96—ventral view, 97—dorsal view, 98—lateral view (vs—vertical s., os—orbital s., pas—postantennal s., rs—rostral s., as—apical s., ls—lateral s., ds—discal s., pls—posterolateral s., fes—femoral s., pc—pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927776/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 96–98</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F3161F166584BE528B19A803" box="[679,817,1104,1129]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3499999999999996" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="2.3499999999999996" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.9">1.9–2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
; widest part
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F3161F16649CBE528C6EA803" box="[959,1094,1104,1129]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="1.3" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation id="6370033FF3161F1663A2BE528CF2A802" box="[1153,1242,1104,1129]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Body elongate, slender. Rostrum long, approximately 4.5 times as long as wide, reaching mesocoxae. Pronotum 1.6 times as wide as long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3161F1667E4BEBE891DA9DB" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
CHAETOTAXY (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3161F166650BEBE89D4A8BE" box="[371,508,1212,1237]" captionStart="FIGURES 96–98" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[179,1377,228,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-64@55.[151,1436,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 96–98. Tychius capucinus pupa habitus: 96—ventral view, 97—dorsal view, 98—lateral view (vs—vertical s., os—orbital s., pas—postantennal s., rs—rostral s., as—apical s., ls—lateral s., ds—discal s., pls—posterolateral s., fes—femoral s., pc—pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927776/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 96–98</figureCitation>
|
||
). Setae distinct, moderately long, unequal in length, light yellow; on pronotum and head placed on small protuberances. Head capsule including 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166475BEE38B45A893" box="[854,877,1249,1272]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">vs</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1664B3BEE38B81A893" box="[912,937,1249,1272]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">os</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1663EDBEE38CDDA893" box="[1230,1269,1249,1272]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">pas</emphasis>
|
||
. Rostrum with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16678DBF0788ECA977" box="[174,196,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">rs</emphasis>
|
||
located medially.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1666BBBF07899CA977" box="[408,436,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Vs</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1666CCBF078A38A94A" box="[495,528,1285,1313]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
os
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F16652BBF118A38A94A" attach="left" box="[520,528,1299,1313]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
as long as setae on pronotum, distinctly longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166357BF078CBDA94A" box="[1140,1173,1285,1313]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
os
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3161F1663AEBF118CBDA94A" attach="left" box="[1165,1173,1299,1313]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166386BF078CE4A977" box="[1189,1228,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">pas</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166224BF078D35A977" box="[1287,1309,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">rs</emphasis>
|
||
. Pronotum with: 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667CFBF2E892DA928" box="[236,261,1324,1347]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">as</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16660BBF298913A92F" box="[296,315,1323,1348]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ls</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16667EBF29895EA92F" box="[349,374,1323,1348]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ds</emphasis>
|
||
, and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1666EBBF2989C1A92F" box="[456,489,1323,1348]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">pls</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1666D4BF298A38A92F" box="[503,528,1323,1348]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ds</emphasis>
|
||
as long as other setae on pronotum. Dorsal parts of meso- and metathorax with 1 seta. Each apex of femora with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16656CBF4D8A46A903" box="[591,622,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">fes</emphasis>
|
||
. Setae on abdominal segments I–VIII placed posteromedially and posterolaterally; all abdominal setae located on small, conical protuberances. Pseudocerci very short, slightly curved inside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3161F1667E4BFB98C41AA9F" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667E4BFB989CBA9BF" bold="true" box="[199,483,1467,1492]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Biological observations.</emphasis>
|
||
At the time of pod collection, adults were common and some were in copula on the flowering plants, but there were several other plants with mature pods. Many pods among those collected were infested (ca. 70%) and the emergence of mature larvae was very abundant. Some pods show as many as five holes in various positions. The emergence of larvae lasted constantly for 20 days until the pods were completely dry. Then all the pods not yet naturally opened were artificially opened and in some of them 3 to 5 dead larvae were found often at different maturation instars with all the seeds eaten. Some pods contained also pupae and live adults (in a single pod
|
||
<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF3161F16666CBC9689E0AAC7" box="[335,456,1683,1708]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="adult">two adults</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF3161F1666F7BC968A61AAC0" box="[468,585,1684,1707]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="pupa">two pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF3161F1665A2BC918B2EAAC7" box="[641,774,1683,1708]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="larva">three larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
all living were found). The time of pupation was 12 days. Adults were observed first in pupal cells 13 days later. No adult left his cell during the following 30 days, then they were removed artificially. No external apparent modification of the pods was observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3161F1667E4BCFD89F6AB9B" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3161F1667E4BCFD89F6AB9B" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1667E4BCFD8913AB73" bold="true" box="[199,315,1791,1816]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The finding of adults in pods conserved in the laboratory was already noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A634B75F3161F1663CCBCFD88C9AB57" author="Clark, W. E. & Burke, H. R." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="106 - 120" refId="ref37793" refString="Clark, W. E. & Burke, H. R. (1977) The curculionid genus Tychius Germar: natural history and coevolution with leguminous host plants. Southwestern Entomologist, 2, 106 - 120." type="journal article" year="1977">Clark & Burke (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for the American species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3161F16653ABD268B04AB57" authority="Casey, 1892" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1892" box="[537,812,1827,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prolixus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16653ABD268ABBAB57" box="[537,659,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T. prolixus</emphasis>
|
||
Casey, 1892
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This is surely an aberrant behaviour due to artificial conditions. Also the high number of infested pods is not surprising since
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A634B75F3161F1664E7BD458C93AB0B" author="Clark, W. E. & Burke, H. R." box="[964,1211,1863,1888]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="106 - 120" refId="ref37793" refString="Clark, W. E. & Burke, H. R. (1977) The curculionid genus Tychius Germar: natural history and coevolution with leguminous host plants. Southwestern Entomologist, 2, 106 - 120." type="journal article" year="1977">Clark & Burke (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
collected 84% pods with larvae probably at the zenith of infestation and when also adults are found still very numerous on the flowering host plant.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3161F16668ABD8D8AAAABCC" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1843" box="[425,642,1935,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F16668ABD8D8AAAABCC" box="[425,642,1935,1960]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Tychius capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was also collected on several species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3161F166385BD928CCCABCC" box="[1190,1252,1936,1959]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166385BD928CCCABCC" box="[1190,1252,1936,1959]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Lotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
other than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3161F1662A6BD92897EABA7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ornithopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1662A6BD92897EABA7" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. ornithopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3161F1666A1BDB689DEABA0" box="[386,502,1972,1995]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="creticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F1666A1BDB689DEABA0" box="[386,502,1972,1995]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. creticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3161F166501BDB68AC3ABA0" authority="Brot." authorityName="Brot." box="[546,747,1972,1995]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166501BDB68A83ABA0" box="[546,683,1972,1995]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. arenarius</emphasis>
|
||
Brot.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3161F166403BDB68C6BABA7" authority="(Boiss.) Heldr." authorityName="Heldr." baseAuthorityName="Boiss." box="[800,1091,1971,1996]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="collinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3161F166403BDB68BBEABA7" box="[800,918,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. collinus</emphasis>
|
||
(Boiss.) Heldr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, usually in sand dunes near the sea, lakes and river estuaries.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |