448 lines
57 KiB
XML
448 lines
57 KiB
XML
<document id="FD72C61CB0CDB3B1EA466DF738300B71" ID-CLB-Dataset="5426" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3839.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6d32f9c2-3094-425b-bb7e-9c6e0517d4fd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927721" ID-ZooBank="AA7FEED5-5C1F-48D0-A172-5C25C4001DF3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623431431244" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Skuhrovec, Jiří, Gosik, Rafał & Caldara, Roberto" docDate="2014" docId="A65B8792F3141F1567B4BF148907A93E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03839p083.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3839 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tychius schneideri" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="5A62FFEAF3181F186723BA028828AC6B" masterDocTitle="Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1699010544010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E144B6C4A35E7960DC53C743180EA1CF">Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="831BD6949DA2003032492BB3988051BF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4984FD33012441538ECA4338843A9E85">Skuhrovec, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1BAF3A007FB5031602462F0970D5EE64">Gosik, Rafał</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A786EA07D34A1CD7985BB8243C743FC0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6676E67612244F5B2C8FD14C2F95E3F2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="62269F47B3591A9D159D4DB5200E6690">Caldara, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="08FF22E579893C1A07EE562FC829EF80">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="905266ABFF1EC309736837E78CE80D83">
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<mods:date id="28CC73EAA1EBF4F6D29AA97FD9825A95">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="87530EFD4C46CD492C90C9FE8277E177">2014-07-23</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="B08B44841CDF5D53583A058AD0AF0C59" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2CF7B71A4ED05D9C310B7533CAD113DC">3839</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F58AFB734A764FC5DBF9C4E33F5381F1">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5764398E706D7DA0C9656C78C52C29F4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3839.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AA707200A252AF4FA7106ED2902A5E29" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A65B8792F3141F1567B4BF148907A93E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927623" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183550436" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927623" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F3141F1567B4BF148907A93E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A65B8792F3141F1567B4BF148907A93E" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3141F1467B4BF148977A918" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3141F1467B4BF148AB8A95B" blockId="12.[151,656,1302,1328]" box="[151,656,1302,1328]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="750581E8F3141F1467B4BF148AB8A95B" bold="true" box="[151,656,1302,1328]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3141F1467B4BF148AB8A95B" ID-CoL="59S8S" authority="(Herbst, 1795)" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[151,656,1302,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schneideri">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1467B4BF148AB8A95B" bold="true" box="[151,656,1302,1328]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1467B4BF1488DFA95B" bold="true" box="[151,247,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tychius</emphasis>
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(s. str.)
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F14667ABF1489FEA95B" bold="true" box="[345,470,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">schneideri</emphasis>
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(Herbst, 1795)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3141F1467B4BF5F8977A918" blockId="12.[151,351,1373,1395]" box="[151,351,1373,1395]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<bibRefCitation id="4A634B75F3141F1467B4BF5F8973A918" author="Caldara, R." box="[151,347,1373,1395]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="51 - 218" refId="ref37273" refString="Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche del genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218." type="journal article" year="1990">Caldara, 1990: 158</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3141F1467B4BFC68B90AA4E" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3141F1467B4BFC68B90AA4E" blockId="12.[151,1436,1476,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1467B4BFC68952A9B6" bold="true" box="[151,378,1476,1501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="9E9A3CD9F3141F1466AABFC68BE2AA6B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323411313" collectingDate="1981-06-25" collectionCode="R" country="Italy" county="Caldara" location="Bobbio" municipality="Emilia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-larva="13">
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<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF3141F1466AABFC689DAA9B6" box="[393,498,1476,1501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="larva">13 larvae</specimenCount>
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from pods of
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<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3141F1465B7BFC68CBBA9B7" authority="(DC.) Nyman" authorityName="Nyman" baseAuthorityName="DC." box="[660,1171,1476,1501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anthyllis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="vulneraria" subSpecies="polyphilla">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1465B7BFC68BD8A9B6" box="[660,1008,1476,1501]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Anthyllis vulneraria polyphilla</emphasis>
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(DC.) Nyman
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</taxonomicName>
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collected
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<date id="5A4C1044F3141F14622BBFC68DA8A9B6" box="[1288,1408,1476,1501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1981-06-25">
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<collectingDate id="4A08E9ACF3141F14622BBFC68DA8A9B6" box="[1288,1408,1476,1501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1981-06-25">25.vi.1981</collectingDate>
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</date>
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at
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<location id="2B2D605FF3141F1467B4BFE588C4AA6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F3141F1567B4BF148907A93E:2B2D605FF3141F1467B4BFE588C4AA6B" box="[151,236,1511,1536]" country="Italy" county="Caldara" municipality="Emilia" name="Bobbio" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Bobbio</location>
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,
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<location id="2B2D605FF3141F1467DABFE589E2AA6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F3141F1567B4BF148907A93E:2B2D605FF3141F1467DABFE589E2AA6B" box="[249,458,1511,1536]" country="Italy" county="Caldara" municipality="Emilia" name="Piacenza province" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Piacenza province</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="CE29ACFEF3141F1466F5BFE58A09AA6B" box="[470,545,1511,1536]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Emilia</collectingMunicipality>
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(northern
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<collectingCountry id="56E57614F3141F1465B9BFE58AF9AA6B" box="[666,721,1511,1536]" name="Italy" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Italy</collectingCountry>
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), leg.
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<collectionCode id="48E3AE41F3141F14643BBFEA8B06A994" box="[792,814,1512,1535]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectingCounty id="C72C4E08F3141F146418BFE58BBDAA6B" box="[827,917,1511,1536]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Caldara</collectingCounty>
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, and
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</materialsCitation>
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<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF3141F1464F1BFE58C11A994" box="[978,1081,1511,1536]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="pupa">14 pupae</specimenCount>
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obtained from larvae collected similarly to the others, all determined by association with reared adults.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3141F1467E4BC2D8A85AA23" box="[199,685,1583,1608]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3141F1467E4BC2D8A85AA23" blockId="12.[151,1436,1476,2025]" box="[199,685,1583,1608]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1467E4BC2D89E5AA23" bold="true" box="[199,461,1583,1608]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
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See
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3141F146527BC2D8A49AA23" box="[516,609,1583,1608]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="27.[151,231,151,172]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="TABLE 2. Larval setal index of: 1—T. parallelus group (A—T. paralellus); 2—T. striatulus group (B—T. striatulus); 3—T. quinquepunctatus group (C—T. quinqupunctatus); 4—T. intrusus group (D—T. alpinus; E—T. brisouti); 5—T.depressus group (F—T. depressus); 6—T. seriepilosus group (G—T. schneideri); 7—T. siculus group (H—T. capucinus); 8—T. squamulatus group (I—T. caldarai; J—T. squamulatus); 9—T. argentatus group (K—T. argentatus); 10—T. stephensi group (L—T. breviusculus; M—T. curtirostris; N—T. decretus; O—T. meliloti; P—T. pusillus; Q—T. tibialis)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3031F0367B4BA958B4CAD4F" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3031F0367B4BA958B4CAD4F">Tables 2</tableCitation>
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and
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3141F1465BBBC2D8A80AA23" box="[664,680,1583,1608]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="28.[151,241,484,507]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="TABLE 3. Pupal setal index of: 1—T. quinquepunctatus group (A—T. quinqupunctatus); 2—T. intrusus group (B—T. alpinus; C—T. brisouti); 3—T. depressus group (D—T. depressus); 4—T. seriepilosus group (E—T. schneideri); 5—T. siculus group (F—T. capucinus); 6—T. squamulatus group (G—T. caldarai; H—T. squamulatus); 7—T. argentatus group (I—T. argentatus); 8—T. stephensi group (J—T. breviusculus; K—T. curtirostris; L—T. decretus; M—T. meliloti; N—T. pusillus; O—T. tibialis)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3041F0467B4BBE689B0AE10" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3041F0467B4BBE689B0AE10">3</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3141F1567E4BC568CF6A883" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3141F1467E4BC56896AAAFB" blockId="12.[151,1436,1476,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1467E4BC568A00AA06" bold="true" box="[199,552,1620,1645]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description of mature larva.</emphasis>
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COLORATION. Head brown. All thoracic and abdominal segments white to whitish yellow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3141F1467E4BC9E8ADFABF0" blockId="12.[151,1436,1476,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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HEAD CAPSULE AND MOUTH PARTS. Head width:
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<quantity id="E90A9B61F3141F146430BC9E8B93AAD8" box="[787,955,1692,1717]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="0.43" valueMax="0.46" valueMin="0.4">0.40–0.46 mm</quantity>
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(see
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3141F1464DCBC9E8C75AADE" box="[1023,1117,1692,1717]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
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). Endocarinal line present, reaching middle of frons.
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F14669FBCC389D8AAB7" box="[444,496,1729,1756]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Des
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||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F1466CBBCCC89D8AAB7" attach="left" box="[488,496,1742,1756]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1</subScript>
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||
</emphasis>
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located almost in central parts of epicarnium;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1464DCBCBD8C04AAB7" box="[1023,1068,1727,1756]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
des
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||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F146307BCCC8C04AAB7" attach="left" box="[1060,1068,1742,1756]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">2</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located very near frontal suture, near
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1467EEBCE488D3AB6F" box="[205,251,1766,1796]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F1467D0BCF488D3AB6F" attach="right" box="[243,251,1782,1796]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">3</subScript>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F14662ABCE4891EAB6F" box="[265,310,1766,1796]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F14660DBCF4891EAB6F" attach="left" box="[302,310,1782,1796]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">3</subScript>
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||
</emphasis>
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located along frontal suture;
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||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F14655FBCE48A82AB6F" box="[636,682,1766,1796]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F146581BCF48A82AB6F" attach="left" box="[674,682,1782,1796]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">4</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
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absent;
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||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F146425BCE48B1BAB6F" box="[774,819,1766,1796]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F146408BCF48B1BAB6F" attach="left" box="[811,819,1782,1796]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">5</subScript>
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||
</emphasis>
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located anterolaterally;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F146362BCE48C46AB6F" box="[1089,1134,1766,1796]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F146345BCF48C46AB6F" attach="left" box="[1126,1134,1782,1796]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">2</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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4 times shorter than others (
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F146783BD0F88E5AB41" box="[160,205,1805,1834]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F1467E6BD1E88E5AB41" attach="left" box="[197,205,1820,1834]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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,
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1467FFBD0F8922AB41" box="[220,266,1805,1834]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F146621BD1E8922AB41" attach="right" box="[258,266,1820,1834]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F14663ABD0F896EAB41" box="[281,326,1805,1834]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F14661DBD1E896EAB41" attach="left" box="[318,326,1820,1834]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">5</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3141F146643BD0F899DAB4D" box="[352,437,1805,1830]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[167,1428,259,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-133@50.[151,1436,193,1776]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Tychius schneideri mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 73—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 74—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 75—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 76—antenna; 77—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 78—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927763/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1466E9BD0C89C6AB41" box="[458,494,1806,1834]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F1466C5BD1E89C6AB41" attach="left" box="[486,494,1820,1834]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F146505BD0F8A69AB41" box="[550,577,1805,1834]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F14651ABD1E8A69AB41" attach="left" box="[569,577,1820,1834]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F146582BD0F8A94AB41" box="[673,700,1805,1834]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F146597BD1E8A94AB41" attach="left" box="[692,700,1820,1834]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
short, located posteromedially;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F14630BBD0F8C6BAB41" box="[1064,1091,1805,1834]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F146318BD1E8C6BAB41" attach="left" box="[1083,1091,1820,1834]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">4</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
located anteromedially (along epistoma);
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F146636BD368907AB3A" box="[277,303,1844,1873]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F146604BD418907AB3A" attach="left" box="[295,303,1859,1873]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">5</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
located anterolaterally (along epistoma), 3 to 4 times longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F146338BD368C1EAB3A" box="[1051,1078,1844,1873]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F14630DBD418C1EAB3A" attach="left" box="[1070,1078,1859,1873]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3141F146365BD368CB2AB26" box="[1094,1178,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[167,1428,259,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-133@50.[151,1436,193,1776]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Tychius schneideri mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 73—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 74—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 75—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 76—antenna; 77—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 78—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927763/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F14638CBD378CFEAB27" box="[1199,1238,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Les</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1467EEBD5988D3AB13" box="[205,251,1883,1912]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F1467D0BD6888D3AB13" attach="right" box="[243,251,1898,1912]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F14662BBD5E896DAB13" box="[264,325,1884,1912]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Ves
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F14660EBD68896DAB13" attach="left" box="[301,325,1898,1912]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1–2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
very short. Post-epicranial area with 1 minute
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F14646DBD5E8B5BAB18" box="[846,883,1884,1907]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">pes</emphasis>
|
||
. Antennal segment membranous, bearing conical sensorium and 5 very short, conical, sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3141F1465B5BD808AC3ABF0" box="[662,747,1922,1947]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[167,1428,259,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-133@50.[151,1436,193,1776]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Tychius schneideri mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 73—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 74—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 75—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 76—antenna; 77—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 78—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927763/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 76</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3141F1567E4BDA78C29ADC6" blockId="12.[151,1436,1476,2025]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,1365]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Labrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3141F14660CBDA789A8ABD5" box="[303,384,1957,1982]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[167,1428,259,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-133@50.[151,1436,193,1776]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Tychius schneideri mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 73—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 74—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 75—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 76—antenna; 77—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 78—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927763/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
|
||
) approximately 3 times as wide as long;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F14646EBDA78B54ABA8" box="[845,892,1957,1987]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F146457BDB78B54ABA8" attach="left" box="[884,892,1973,1987]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
2 times longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F146341BDA78CB9ABA8" box="[1122,1169,1957,1987]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F1463AABDB78CB9ABA8" attach="left" box="[1161,1169,1973,1987]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1463BCBDA78CE5ABA8" box="[1183,1229,1957,1987]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F1463E6BDB78CE5ABA8" attach="left" box="[1221,1229,1973,1987]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
some shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F1467B4BDCE88EEAB82" box="[151,198,1996,2025]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3141F14679DBDD988EEAB82" attach="left" box="[190,198,2011,2025]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; anterior margin rounded. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3141F146540BDCE8A9DAB8E" box="[611,693,1996,2021]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[167,1428,259,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-133@50.[151,1436,193,1776]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Tychius schneideri mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 73—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 74—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 75—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 76—antenna; 77—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 78—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927763/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
|
||
) 2.4 times as wide as long. with 2 pairs of very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3141F14623FBDCE8D13AB8E" box="[1308,1339,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">cls</emphasis>
|
||
of same length, and 1 sensillum, all located posterolaterally; anterior margin slightly rounded inside. Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F156261BA958DBCACDB" box="[1346,1428,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[167,1428,259,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-133@50.[151,1436,193,1776]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Tychius schneideri mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 73—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 74—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 75—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 76—antenna; 77—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 78—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927763/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 78</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2 pairs of
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156660BABE894CACBE" box="[323,356,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">als</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; with 2 pairs of short and triangular
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1564FFBABF8C21ACBF" box="[988,1033,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ams</emphasis>
|
||
; with 2 moderately long finger-like and 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15663FBAE38960AC93" box="[284,328,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">mes</emphasis>
|
||
; labral rods short, kidney-shaped, almost parallel. Mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F15632BBADD8C71AC93" box="[1032,1113,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[167,1428,259,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-133@50.[151,1436,193,1776]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Tychius schneideri mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 73—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 74—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 75—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 76—antenna; 77—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 78—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927763/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1563D4BADD8D0CAC93" box="[1271,1316,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">mds</emphasis>
|
||
, almost of equal length. Maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F1566B9BB0689D9AD76" box="[410,497,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[167,1428,259,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-133@50.[151,1436,193,1776]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Tychius schneideri mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 73—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 74—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 75—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 76—antenna; 77—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 78—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927763/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
|
||
): stipes with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1565BCBB078AE3AD77" box="[671,715,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">stps</emphasis>
|
||
, and with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15647EBB068B56AD76" box="[861,894,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; with 4 slightly curved
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15624BBB068DBDAD76" box="[1384,1429,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">dms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1566E6BB2B89D9AD2B" box="[453,497,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">vms</emphasis>
|
||
, short and almost of equal length. Maxillary palpi: length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres 1:0.7; basal palpomera with 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156597BB4F8AC6AD0F" box="[692,750,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">mpxs</emphasis>
|
||
; distal palpomera with group of 2–3 conical, cuticular apical processes. Prementum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F156680BB6D89DDADE3" box="[419,501,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[167,1428,259,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-133@50.[151,1436,193,1776]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Tychius schneideri mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 73—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 74—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 75—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 76—antenna; 77—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 78—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927763/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
|
||
) heart-shaped, with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1565D7BB738B04ADE3" box="[756,812,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">prms</emphasis>
|
||
; margin of ligula rounded; ligula with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1563DDBB6D8D33ADE3" box="[1278,1307,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">lig</emphasis>
|
||
; premental sclerite distinct. Postmentum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F1566C9BB968A14ADC6" box="[490,572,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[167,1428,259,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-133@50.[151,1436,193,1776]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Tychius schneideri mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 73—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 74—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 75—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 76—antenna; 77—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 78—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927763/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 3 pairs of
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1565D7BB978B09ADC7" box="[756,801,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567E4BBBA8AE5AE73" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
THORAX AND ABDOMEN. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F3151F156556BBB58AD4ADA4" box="[629,764,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.3">2.3–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation id="6370033FF3151F156415BBB58BA7ADBB" box="[822,911,439,464]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
), elongate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F156336BBB58C41ADBB" box="[1045,1129,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–82" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1713,1736]" captionTargetBox="[173,1403,253,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-85@51.[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 79–82. Tychius schneideri mature larva habitus: 79—lateral view, 80—lateral view of thoracic segments, 81—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 82—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927765/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal segments I–V almost equal in length, slightly larger than abdominal segment VI and VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F15632DBBDE8C4EAD9E" box="[1038,1126,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–82" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1713,1736]" captionTargetBox="[173,1403,253,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-85@51.[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 79–82. Tychius schneideri mature larva habitus: 79—lateral view, 80—lateral view of thoracic segments, 81—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 82—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927765/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spiracles on abdomen in median parts of segments (abdominal seg. I–VIII).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567E4B82688FEAF30" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Chaetotaxy of body rather reduced. Setae moderately long or short and light yellow.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1563ABB8268CC0AE56" bold="true" box="[1160,1256,548,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F15624DB826889CAE0B" captionStart="FIGURES 79–82" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1713,1736]" captionTargetBox="[173,1403,253,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-85@51.[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 79–82. Tychius schneideri mature larva habitus: 79—lateral view, 80—lateral view of thoracic segments, 81—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 82—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927765/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 80</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 8
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156633B84B891FAE0B" box="[272,311,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">prn</emphasis>
|
||
, 7 macro- and 1 microsetae; 2 moderately long
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156468B84B8B4CAE0B" box="[843,868,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of same length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156311B84B8C7FAE0B" box="[1074,1111,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Meso- and metathorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F15624CB845889CAEEE" captionStart="FIGURES 79–82" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1713,1736]" captionTargetBox="[173,1403,253,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-85@51.[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 79–82. Tychius schneideri mature larva habitus: 79—lateral view, 80—lateral view of thoracic segments, 81—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 82—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927765/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 80</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156632B86F891DAEEF" box="[273,309,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">prs</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156512B86E8A70AEEE" box="[561,600,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pds</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; alar area with 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156348B86F8CACAEEF" box="[1131,1156,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">as</emphasis>
|
||
; 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156203B86F8D1EAEEF" box="[1312,1334,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ss</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156279B86F8D57AEEF" box="[1370,1407,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">eps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567B4B8938898AEC3" box="[151,176,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; and 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15666AB8938946AEC3" box="[329,366,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Each pedal area of thoracic segments well-separated and with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15637CB88D8CA1AEC3" box="[1119,1161,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pda</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1563BAB88D8D3DAEC3" bold="true" box="[1177,1301,655,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal segments I–VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F156679B8B68985AEA6" box="[346,429,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–82" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1713,1736]" captionTargetBox="[173,1403,253,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-85@51.[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 79–82. Tychius schneideri mature larva habitus: 79—lateral view, 80—lateral view of thoracic segments, 81—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 82—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927765/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 81</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156537B8B78A10AEA7" box="[532,568,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">prs</emphasis>
|
||
; 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156541B8B68AA1AEA6" box="[610,649,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pds</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1564ADB8B78B8CAEA7" box="[910,932,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ss</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15638AB8B78CE6AEA7" box="[1193,1230,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">eps</emphasis>
|
||
; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1563DBB8B78D39AEA7" box="[1272,1297,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156623B8D5890DAE9B" box="[256,293,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156654B8DB89B4AE9B" box="[375,412,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F1565F2B8D58B0BAE9B" box="[721,803,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–82" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1713,1736]" captionTargetBox="[173,1403,253,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-85@51.[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 79–82. Tychius schneideri mature larva habitus: 79—lateral view, 80—lateral view of thoracic segments, 81—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 82—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927765/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15645DB8D58B8DAE9B" box="[894,933,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pds</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1563BAB8DB8C87AE9B" box="[1177,1199,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ss</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567B4B8FF8894AF7F" box="[151,188,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">eps</emphasis>
|
||
; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567C4B8FF8928AF7F" box="[231,256,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156524B8FE8A04AF7E" box="[519,556,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and 2 moderately long
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15646DB8FF8B5BAF7F" box="[846,883,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment IX (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F156386B8FE8CD2AF7E" box="[1189,1274,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–82" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1713,1736]" captionTargetBox="[173,1403,253,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-85@51.[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 79–82. Tychius schneideri mature larva habitus: 79—lateral view, 80—lateral view of thoracic segments, 81—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 82—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927765/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156242B8FE8D52AF7E" box="[1377,1402,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ds</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15664CB92389A0AF53" box="[367,392,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1566C1B9238A28AF53" box="[482,512,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sts</emphasis>
|
||
. Anal lobes on abdominal segment X (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F1564E5B91D8C32AF53" box="[966,1050,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–82" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1713,1736]" captionTargetBox="[173,1403,253,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-85@51.[151,1436,193,1692]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 79–82. Tychius schneideri mature larva habitus: 79—lateral view, 80—lateral view of thoracic segments, 81—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 82—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927765/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2 very short, feebly visible setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567E4B9658B7CAFEB" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1365]" box="[199,852,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567E4B9658992AFEB" bold="true" box="[199,442,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description of pupa.</emphasis>
|
||
COLORATION. Body whitish yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567E4B98E8DBEAFA3" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
MORPHOLOGY (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F15665AB98E8A2BAFCE" box="[377,515,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 83–85" captionStartId="52.[151,264,1864,1887]" captionTargetBox="[158,1434,242,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-63@52.[151,1436,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 83–85. Tychius schneideri pupa habitus: 83—ventral view, 84—dorsal view, 85—lateral view (vs—vertical s., os—orbital s., pas—postantennal s., rs—rostral s., as—apical s., ls—lateral s., ds—discal s., pls—posterolateral s., pc—pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927769" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927769/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 83–85</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F3151F1565FAB98E8B19AFC8" box="[729,817,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; widest part
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F3151F15649CB98E8C6EAFC8" box="[959,1094,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation id="6370033FF3151F1563A2B98E8CF2AFCE" box="[1153,1242,908,933]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Body elongate. Rostrum long, approximately 4.5 times as long as wide, reaching mesocoxae. Pronotum 1.9 times as wide as long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567E4B9D68CC1A8CB" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
CHAETOTAXY (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3151F156650B9D689D5AF86" box="[371,509,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 83–85" captionStartId="52.[151,264,1864,1887]" captionTargetBox="[158,1434,242,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-63@52.[151,1436,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 83–85. Tychius schneideri pupa habitus: 83—ventral view, 84—dorsal view, 85—lateral view (vs—vertical s., os—orbital s., pas—postantennal s., rs—rostral s., as—apical s., ls—lateral s., ds—discal s., pls—posterolateral s., pc—pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927769" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927769/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 83–85</figureCitation>
|
||
). Setae distinct, moderately long, unequal in length, light brown; on pronotum and head placed on conical protuberances. Head capsule including 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1564A7B9FB8BB3A87B" box="[900,923,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">vs</emphasis>
|
||
, 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1564E0B9FB8BF4A87B" box="[963,988,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">os</emphasis>
|
||
, and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156314B9FB8C76A87B" box="[1079,1118,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pas</emphasis>
|
||
. Rostrum with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15620FB9FB8D6AA87B" box="[1324,1346,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">rs</emphasis>
|
||
located medially.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156626BE1F8909A85F" box="[261,289,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Vs</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15667BBE1F8959A85F" box="[344,369,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">os</emphasis>
|
||
as long as setae on pronotum, distinctly longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1564E0BE1F8BC2A85F" box="[963,1002,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pas</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156302BE1F8C1FA85F" box="[1057,1079,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">rs</emphasis>
|
||
. Pronotum with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15622ABE1F8D0AA85F" box="[1289,1314,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">as</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156265BE1E8D71A85E" box="[1350,1369,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ls</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15625FBE1E8DBDA85E" box="[1404,1429,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ds</emphasis>
|
||
, and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567FEBE3D88D6A833" box="[221,254,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pls</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F15662DBE3D890FA833" box="[270,295,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ds</emphasis>
|
||
as long as other setae on pronotum. Dorsal parts of meso- and metathorax with 1 seta. Each apex of femora without seta. Setae on abdominal segments I–VIII placed posteromedially and posterolaterally; all abdominal setae located on small, conical protuberances. Pseudocerci short, slightly curved inside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567E4BEAE8CF6A883" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567E4BEAE89CCA8AE" bold="true" box="[199,484,1196,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Biological observations.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupation was observed 15 days after the introduction of the larvae in the soil. The duration of the pupal stage was about 12 days. Adults began to emerge from the cells 7 days later.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3151F1567E4BEF68907A93E" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3151F1567E4BEF68907A93E" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F1567E4BEF68913A966" bold="true" box="[199,315,1268,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3151F156666BEF68A32A966" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[325,538,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schneideri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156666BEF68A32A966" box="[325,538,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tychius schneideri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is monophagous on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3151F156431BEF68BDEA966" box="[786,1014,1268,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anthyllis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulneraria">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156431BEF68BDEA966" box="[786,1014,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Anthyllis vulneraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3151F156307BEF78C79A966" box="[1060,1105,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">s. l.</emphasis>
|
||
and is widely distributed in Europe. The larva was described, although incompletely, by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A634B75F3151F156474BF1A8C3FA95B" author="Karasyov, V. P." box="[855,1047,1303,1328]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="141 - 143" refId="ref38579" refString="Karasyov, V. P. (1991) Description of larvae of Tychius schneideri (Herbst, 1795) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). In: Lopatin, I. K. & Khotko, E. I. (Eds.), Fauna and ecology of the beetles in Belarus. Nauka i tekhnika, Minsk, pp. 141 - 143. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1991">Karasyov (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on specimens collected at
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EC36F866F3151F156277BF158DB4A95B" box="[1364,1436,1303,1328]" country="Belarus" name="Minsk" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Minsk</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56E57614F3151F1567BCBF3E890CA93E" box="[159,292,1340,1365]" name="Belarus" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Bielorussia</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |