464 lines
58 KiB
XML
464 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="9DC069BC02C37329DFD02CA82069588A" ID-CLB-Dataset="5426" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3839.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6d32f9c2-3094-425b-bb7e-9c6e0517d4fd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927721" ID-ZooBank="AA7FEED5-5C1F-48D0-A172-5C25C4001DF3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623431431244" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Skuhrovec, Jiří, Gosik, Rafał & Caldara, Roberto" docDate="2014" docId="A65B8792F3121F1367B4B8FE8C22AF34" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03839p083.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3839 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tychius brisouti Tournier 1874" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="5A62FFEAF3181F186723BA028828AC6B" masterDocTitle="Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1699010544010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FFEFD79AD87C07C044BCC9937B388E7D">Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5D84FEBABDF9F0CB84A3E1E808C14FBC" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1C8A2EAF93598DEDB1BB7FAC23452080">Skuhrovec, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FCC9FE2D03445A0878971347C363DF7E">Gosik, Rafał</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="06D10CB95126AA3965C552E36BEDBD94" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="65348491FDC6E94139377B35F5EAEA13">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B9839BCAC0044D8D291B29D42E5BCB27">Caldara, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="26B0957DEB695B16EACC0A9C4D344B0B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BD09F9F43CDB59FB20878E01AC7D4AB5">
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<mods:date id="B0216D3D5808CE71DF29A3B9197B27AB">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DAF4E340ACEC82EB3318EAA77A65224D">2014-07-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DAE6D658F8414BCB5AB60A598B260DEA">3839</mods:number>
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<treatment id="A65B8792F3121F1367B4B8FE8C22AF34" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927619" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183550437" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927619" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F3121F1367B4B8FE8C22AF34" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A65B8792F3121F1367B4B8FE8C22AF34" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3121F1267B4B8FE89F1AF33" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3121F1267B4B8FE8A5BAF7D" blockId="10.[151,627,764,790]" box="[151,627,764,790]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="750581E8F3121F1267B4B8FE8A5BAF7D" bold="true" box="[151,627,764,790]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3121F1267B4B8FE8A5BAF7D" ID-CoL="59RSY" authority="Tournier, 1874" authorityName="Tournier" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,627,764,790]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brisouti">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1267B4B8FE8A5BAF7D" bold="true" box="[151,627,764,790]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1267B4B8FE88DFAF7D" bold="true" box="[151,247,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tychius</emphasis>
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(s. str.)
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F12667AB8FE899EAF7D" bold="true" box="[345,438,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">brisouti</emphasis>
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Tournier, 1874
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3121F1267B4B94089F1AF33" blockId="10.[151,473,834,856]" box="[151,473,834,856]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<bibRefCitation id="4A634B75F3121F1267B4B940897DAF33" author="Caldara, R." box="[151,341,834,856]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="51 - 218" refId="ref37273" refString="Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche del genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218." type="journal article" year="1990">Caldara 1990: 203</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="4A634B75F3121F12667CB94089FDAF33" author="Caldara, R." box="[351,469,834,856]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="609 - 613" refId="ref37365" refString="Caldara, R. (1995 b) Studio dei tipi di Tychiini di Henri Tournier custoditi presso il Museo di Storia Naturale di Ginevra (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 102, 609 - 613." type="journal article" year="1995">1995b: 610</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3121F1267B4B9878B66AF8D" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3121F1267B4B9878B66AF8D" blockId="10.[151,1437,901,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1267B4B9878953AFF5" bold="true" box="[151,379,901,926]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="9E9A3CD9F3121F1266A8B9878B5DAFA9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323411305" collectingDate="2008-05-29" collectionCode="R" country="France" county="Caldara" location="Castellar" municipality="Alpes-Maritimes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" specimenCount="29" specimenCount-larva="29">
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<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF3121F1266A8B98789DCAFF5" box="[395,500,901,926]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="larva">29 larvae</specimenCount>
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from pods of
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<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3121F1265B8B9878BFBAFF5" box="[667,979,901,926]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monspessulanus">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1265B8B9878BFBAFF5" box="[667,979,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Astragalus monspessulanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L. collected
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<date id="5A4C1044F3121F126348B9878CF1AFF5" box="[1131,1241,901,926]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2008-05-29">
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<collectingDate id="4A08E9ACF3121F126348B9878CF1AFF5" box="[1131,1241,901,926]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2008-05-29">29.v.2008</collectingDate>
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</date>
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at
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<location id="2B2D605FF3121F1263DCB9878D4BAFF5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F3121F1367B4B8FE8C22AF34:2B2D605FF3121F1263DCB9878D4BAFF5" box="[1279,1379,901,926]" country="France" county="Caldara" municipality="Alpes-Maritimes" name="Castellar" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Castellar</location>
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near
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<location id="2B2D605FF3121F1267B4B9A888D9AFAA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F3121F1367B4B8FE8C22AF34:2B2D605FF3121F1267B4B9A888D9AFAA" box="[151,241,938,961]" country="France" county="Caldara" municipality="Alpes-Maritimes" name="Menton" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Menton</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="CE29ACFEF3121F1267DFB9AB8992AFA9" box="[252,442,937,962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Alpes-Maritimes</collectingMunicipality>
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(southern
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<collectingCountry id="56E57614F3121F126511B9AB8AABAFA9" box="[562,643,937,962]" name="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">France</collectingCountry>
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), leg.
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<collectionCode id="48E3AE41F3121F1265E5B9A88AF4AFAA" box="[710,732,938,961]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectingCounty id="C72C4E08F3121F1265C4B9AB8B69AFA9" box="[743,833,937,962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Caldara</collectingCounty>
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||
, and
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF3121F12645FB9AB8BFCAFAA" box="[892,980,937,962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="pupa">5 pupae</specimenCount>
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obtained from larvae collected similarly to the others, all determined by association with reared adults.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3121F1267E4B9F38A85A861" box="[199,685,1009,1034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3121F1267E4B9F38A85A861" blockId="10.[151,1437,901,2025]" box="[199,685,1009,1034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1267E4B9F389E5A861" bold="true" box="[199,461,1009,1034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
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See
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3121F126527B9F38A49A861" box="[516,609,1009,1034]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="27.[151,231,151,172]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="TABLE 2. Larval setal index of: 1—T. parallelus group (A—T. paralellus); 2—T. striatulus group (B—T. striatulus); 3—T. quinquepunctatus group (C—T. quinqupunctatus); 4—T. intrusus group (D—T. alpinus; E—T. brisouti); 5—T.depressus group (F—T. depressus); 6—T. seriepilosus group (G—T. schneideri); 7—T. siculus group (H—T. capucinus); 8—T. squamulatus group (I—T. caldarai; J—T. squamulatus); 9—T. argentatus group (K—T. argentatus); 10—T. stephensi group (L—T. breviusculus; M—T. curtirostris; N—T. decretus; O—T. meliloti; P—T. pusillus; Q—T. tibialis)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3031F0367B4BA958B4CAD4F" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3031F0367B4BA958B4CAD4F">Tables 2</tableCitation>
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and
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3121F1265BBB9F38A80A861" box="[664,680,1009,1034]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="28.[151,241,484,507]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="TABLE 3. Pupal setal index of: 1—T. quinquepunctatus group (A—T. quinqupunctatus); 2—T. intrusus group (B—T. alpinus; C—T. brisouti); 3—T. depressus group (D—T. depressus); 4—T. seriepilosus group (E—T. schneideri); 5—T. siculus group (F—T. capucinus); 6—T. squamulatus group (G—T. caldarai; H—T. squamulatus); 7—T. argentatus group (I—T. argentatus); 8—T. stephensi group (J—T. breviusculus; K—T. curtirostris; L—T. decretus; M—T. meliloti; N—T. pusillus; O—T. tibialis)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3041F0467B4BBE689B0AE10" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3041F0467B4BBE689B0AE10">3</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3121F1367E4BE178A1DAE98" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3121F1267E4BE17890BA839" blockId="10.[151,1437,901,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1267E4BE178A30A845" bold="true" box="[199,536,1045,1070]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Description of mature larva.</emphasis>
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COLORATION. Head brown to dark brown. All thoracic and abdominal segments light yellow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3121F1267E4BE5C89F7A932" blockId="10.[151,1437,901,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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HEAD CAPSULE AND MOUTH PARTS. Head width:
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<quantity id="E90A9B61F3121F126430BE5F8B93A81E" box="[787,955,1117,1142]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.715" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.68">0.68–0.75 mm</quantity>
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(see
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3121F1264DCBE5F8C75A81D" box="[1023,1117,1117,1142]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
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). Endocarinal line present, exceeding middle of frons.
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1266EABE8089D5A8F5" box="[457,509,1154,1182]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Des
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<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F1266D6BE9289D5A8F5" attach="left" box="[501,509,1168,1182]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">1</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located almost in central parts of epicarnium;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126327BE838C19A8F5" box="[1028,1073,1153,1182]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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des
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||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F12630ABE928C19A8F5" attach="left" box="[1065,1073,1168,1182]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located very near frontal suture, near
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1267ECBEAA88D4A8AE" box="[207,252,1192,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F1267D7BEB588D4A8AE" attach="left" box="[244,252,1207,1221]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">3</subScript>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F12662FBEAA8911A8AE" box="[268,313,1192,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F126612BEB58911A8AE" attach="left" box="[305,313,1207,1221]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">3</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located along frontal suture;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1265A5BEAA8A9CA8AE" box="[646,692,1192,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F12658FBEB58A9CA8AE" attach="left" box="[684,692,1207,1221]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">4</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
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absent;
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||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126431BEAA8B68A8AE" box="[786,832,1192,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F12641BBEB58B68A8AE" attach="left" box="[824,832,1207,1221]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">5</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located anterolaterally;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126371BEAA8C57A8AE" box="[1106,1151,1192,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
des
|
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<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F126354BEB58C57A8AE" attach="left" box="[1143,1151,1207,1221]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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5 times shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F12624CBEAA8DB4A8AE" box="[1391,1436,1192,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F1262B7BEB58DB4A8AE" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,1207,1221]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1267EBBECC88DDA887" box="[200,245,1230,1260]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F1267CEBEDC88DDA887" attach="left" box="[237,245,1246,1260]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">5</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F126625BECC8975A88C" box="[262,349,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[169,1430,229,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-133@44.[151,1436,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Tychius brisouti mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 47—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 48—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 49—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 50—antenna; 51—labrum and clypeus (lms—labral s.); 52—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927749/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126651BED289BEA887" box="[370,406,1232,1260]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F1266ADBEDC89BEA887" attach="left" box="[398,406,1246,1260]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1266F3BECC89C3A887" box="[464,491,1230,1260]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F1266C0BEDC89C3A887" attach="left" box="[483,491,1246,1260]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F12656FBECC8A4EA887" box="[588,614,1230,1260]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F12657DBEDC8A4EA887" attach="left" box="[606,614,1246,1260]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
short, located medially;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1264A7BECC8BB6A887" box="[900,926,1230,1260]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F1264B5BEDC8BB6A887" attach="left" box="[918,926,1246,1260]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">4</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
located anteromedially (along epistoma);
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1262A1BECC8DB4A887" box="[1410,1436,1230,1260]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F1262B7BEDC8DB4A887" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,1246,1260]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">5</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
located anterolaterally (along epistoma), 4 times longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F12641DBEF78B71A979" box="[830,857,1269,1298]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F126472BF068B71A979" attach="left" box="[849,857,1284,1298]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F126444BEF78B94A965" box="[871,956,1269,1294]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[169,1430,229,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-133@44.[151,1436,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Tychius brisouti mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 47—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 48—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 49—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 50—antenna; 51—labrum and clypeus (lms—labral s.); 52—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927749/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1264EDBEF48BDDA966" box="[974,1013,1270,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Les</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1263D5BEF78D0CA979" box="[1270,1316,1269,1298]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F12623FBF068D0CA979" attach="right" box="[1308,1316,1284,1298]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126212BEF48D7EA966" box="[1329,1366,1270,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ves</emphasis>
|
||
short. Post-epicranial area with group of 4 minute
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1265AABF1F8A86A95F" box="[649,686,1309,1332]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">pes</emphasis>
|
||
. Antennal segment membranous, bearing conical sensorium and 2 finger-like, sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F12665DBF4289FAA932" box="[382,466,1344,1369]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[169,1430,229,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-133@44.[151,1436,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Tychius brisouti mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 47—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 48—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 49—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 50—antenna; 51—labrum and clypeus (lms—labral s.); 52—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927749/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3121F1267E4BF668C29AAA2" blockId="10.[151,1437,901,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Labrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F126610BF6689A0A916" box="[307,392,1380,1405]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[169,1430,229,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-133@44.[151,1436,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Tychius brisouti mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 47—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 48—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 49—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 50—antenna; 51—labrum and clypeus (lms—labral s.); 52—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927749/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
) approximately 3 times as wide as long;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126452BF668B88A9EA" box="[881,928,1380,1409]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F1264BBBF718B88A9EA" attach="left" box="[920,928,1395,1409]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
slightly longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1263B4BF668CEEA9EA" box="[1175,1222,1380,1409]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F12639DBF718CEEA9EA" attach="left" box="[1214,1222,1395,1409]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126227BF668D1BA9EA" box="[1284,1331,1380,1409]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F126208BF718D1BA9EA" attach="left" box="[1323,1331,1395,1409]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; anterior margin rounded. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F1266EDBF898A0CA9CF" box="[462,548,1419,1444]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[169,1430,229,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-133@44.[151,1436,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Tychius brisouti mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 47—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 48—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 49—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 50—antenna; 51—labrum and clypeus (lms—labral s.); 52—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927749/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
) 3.9 times as wide as long; without setae; anterior margin slightly rounded inside. Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F12665FBFAD89E7A9A3" box="[380,463,1455,1480]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[169,1430,229,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-133@44.[151,1436,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Tychius brisouti mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 47—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 48—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 49—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 50—antenna; 51—labrum and clypeus (lms—labral s.); 52—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927749/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2 pairs of
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1265ADBFAD8A87A9A3" box="[654,687,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">als</emphasis>
|
||
, almost of equal length; with 2 pairs of short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126399BFB28CCFA9AC" box="[1210,1255,1456,1479]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ams</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1263D5BFB28D04A9A7" box="[1270,1324,1456,1484]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
ams
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F126207BFBC8D04A9A7" attach="left" box="[1316,1324,1470,1484]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126613BFD5894DA998" box="[304,357,1495,1523]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
ams
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3121F12667EBFE7894DA998" attach="left" box="[349,357,1509,1523]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; with 3 relatively short and finger-like
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126468BFD58B5FA985" box="[843,887,1495,1518]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">mes</emphasis>
|
||
; labral rods relatively long, elongate, slightly converging posteriorly. Mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F126505BFFE8A5FAA7E" box="[550,631,1532,1557]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[169,1430,229,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-133@44.[151,1436,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Tychius brisouti mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 47—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 48—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 49—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 50—antenna; 51—labrum and clypeus (lms—labral s.); 52—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927749/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126430BFFE8B68AA7E" box="[787,832,1532,1557]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">mds</emphasis>
|
||
, almost of equal length. Maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F126398BFFE8D27AA7E" box="[1211,1295,1532,1557]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[169,1430,229,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-133@44.[151,1436,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Tychius brisouti mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 47—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 48—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 49—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 50—antenna; 51—labrum and clypeus (lms—labral s.); 52—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927749/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
): stipes with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F12678FBC2388F0AA53" box="[172,216,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">stps</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1267D9BC228933AA52" box="[250,283,1568,1593]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
of equal length, and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126538BC228A60AA52" box="[539,584,1568,1593]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
, distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126473BC228B59AA52" box="[848,881,1568,1593]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
, and 1 sensillum; with 4 straight
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1263C7BC228D39AA52" box="[1252,1297,1568,1593]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">dms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; with 4
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F12661DBC448942AA36" box="[318,362,1606,1629]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">vms</emphasis>
|
||
, short and almost of equal length. Maxillary palpi: length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres 1:1.25; basal palpomera with 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126519BC6B8A5CAAEB" box="[570,628,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">mpxs</emphasis>
|
||
; distal palpomera with group of 3–4 conical, cuticular apical processes. Prementum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F126609BC8F8957AACD" box="[298,383,1677,1702]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[169,1430,229,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-133@44.[151,1436,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Tychius brisouti mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 47—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 48—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 49—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 50—antenna; 51—labrum and clypeus (lms—labral s.); 52—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927749/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
) heart-shaped, with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1265A6BC8C8A95AACE" box="[645,701,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">prms</emphasis>
|
||
; margin of ligula slightly rounded; ligula with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1263DFBC8F8D31AACD" box="[1276,1305,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">lig</emphasis>
|
||
; premental sclerite distinct. Postmentum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F1266C8BCB28A14AAA2" box="[491,572,1712,1737]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[169,1430,229,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-133@44.[151,1436,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Tychius brisouti mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 47—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 48—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 49—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 50—antenna; 51—labrum and clypeus (lms—labral s.); 52—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927749/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 3 pairs of
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1265D7BCB38B09AAA3" box="[756,801,1713,1736]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">pms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3121F1267E4BCD78D64AB7A" blockId="10.[151,1437,901,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
THORAX AND ABDOMEN. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F3121F126559BCD68B2AAA87" box="[634,770,1748,1773]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.449999999999999" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="5.449999999999999" valueMax="6.6" valueMin="4.3">4.3–6.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation id="6370033FF3121F12641DBCD68BB0AA86" box="[830,920,1748,1773]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
), elongate. Abdominal segments I–VI almost equal in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F12666EBCFA8988AB7A" box="[333,416,1784,1809]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–56" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1366,1389]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,216,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-85@45.[151,1436,193,1345]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 53–56. Tychius brisouti mature larva habitus: 53—lateral view, 54—lateral view of thoracic segments, 55—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 56—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927753" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927753/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spiracles on abdomen in anteromedian parts of segments (abdominal seg. I–VIII).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3121F1367E4BD1E8B96ACB8" blockId="10.[151,1437,901,2025]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,863]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Chaetotaxy of body rather reduced. Setae moderately long or short, and light yellow.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1263AABD1E8CC1AB5E" bold="true" box="[1161,1257,1820,1845]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F12624DBD1E889CAB32" captionStart="FIGURES 53–56" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1366,1389]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,216,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-85@45.[151,1436,193,1345]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 53–56. Tychius brisouti mature larva habitus: 53—lateral view, 54—lateral view of thoracic segments, 55—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 56—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927753" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927753/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 7
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126633BD43891FAB33" box="[272,311,1857,1880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">prn</emphasis>
|
||
, 5 macro- and 2 microsetae; 2 moderately long
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126468BD438B4CAB33" box="[843,868,1857,1880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of same length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126311BD438C7FAB33" box="[1074,1111,1857,1880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Meso- and metathorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F12624CBD42889CAB15" captionStart="FIGURES 53–56" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1366,1389]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,216,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-85@45.[151,1436,193,1345]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 53–56. Tychius brisouti mature larva habitus: 53—lateral view, 54—lateral view of thoracic segments, 55—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 56—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927753" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927753/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126633BD64891CAB16" box="[272,308,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">prs</emphasis>
|
||
; 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F12667BBD678957AB15" box="[344,383,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">pds</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; alar area with 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1264ACBD648B80AB16" box="[911,936,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">as</emphasis>
|
||
; 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126360BD648C71AB16" box="[1091,1113,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ss</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F12635FBD648C89AB16" box="[1148,1185,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">eps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1263E6BD648CF6AB16" box="[1221,1246,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; and 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F12624CBD648DBCAB16" box="[1391,1428,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Each pedal area of thoracic segments well-separated and with 2 long and 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126378BD8A8CADABCA" box="[1115,1157,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">pda</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1263B4BD8A8D3BABCA" bold="true" box="[1175,1299,1928,1953]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal segments I–VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F126676BDAF8980ABAD" box="[341,424,1965,1990]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–56" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1366,1389]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,216,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-85@45.[151,1436,193,1345]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 53–56. Tychius brisouti mature larva habitus: 53—lateral view, 54—lateral view of thoracic segments, 55—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 56—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927753" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927753/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F12652BBDAC8A04ABAE" box="[520,556,1966,1989]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">prs</emphasis>
|
||
; 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126571BDAF8A51ABAD" box="[594,633,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">pds</emphasis>
|
||
different in length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126451BDAC8BA0ABAE" box="[882,904,1966,1989]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ss</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1263A0BDAC8C80ABAE" box="[1155,1192,1966,1989]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">eps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1267B4BDD38898AB83" box="[151,176,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1267F0BDD288D0AB82" box="[211,248,2000,2025]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1266A8BDD38998AB83" box="[395,432,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3121F1265C4BDD28B10AB82" box="[743,824,2000,2025]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–56" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1366,1389]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,216,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-85@45.[151,1436,193,1345]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 53–56. Tychius brisouti mature larva habitus: 53—lateral view, 54—lateral view of thoracic segments, 55—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 56—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927753" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927753/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1264B6BDD38B91AB83" box="[917,953,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">prs</emphasis>
|
||
; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F1264FFBDD28C2BAB82" box="[988,1027,2000,2025]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">pds</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126304BDD38C15AB83" box="[1063,1085,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ss</emphasis>
|
||
; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126343BDD38CADAB83" box="[1120,1157,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">eps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3121F126258BDD38DBCAB83" box="[1403,1428,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136788BA9588F8ACDB" box="[171,208,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136642BA9B89AEACDB" box="[353,390,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment IX (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3131F13658ABA958AD2ACDB" box="[681,762,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–56" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1366,1389]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,216,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-85@45.[151,1436,193,1345]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 53–56. Tychius brisouti mature larva habitus: 53—lateral view, 54—lateral view of thoracic segments, 55—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 56—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927753" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927753/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136476BA958B46ACDB" box="[853,878,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ds</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136341BA9B8C53ACDB" box="[1122,1147,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F1363EEBA9B8CC2ACDB" box="[1229,1258,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sts</emphasis>
|
||
. Each anal lobe on abdominal segment X (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3131F13669CBABE8A38ACBE" box="[447,528,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–56" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1366,1389]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,216,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-85@45.[151,1436,193,1345]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 53–56. Tychius brisouti mature larva habitus: 53—lateral view, 54—lateral view of thoracic segments, 55—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 56—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927753" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927753/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1 very short, feebly visible seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3131F1367E4BADD8B29AC93" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,863]" box="[199,769,223,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F1367E4BADD8992AC93" bold="true" box="[199,442,223,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description of pupa.</emphasis>
|
||
COLORATION. Body salmon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3131F1367E4BB0688F8AD0E" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,863]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
MORPHOLOGY (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3131F13665FBB068A2FAD76" box="[380,519,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 57–59" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1923,1946]" captionTargetBox="[195,1386,236,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-66@46.[193,1398,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 57–59. Tychius brisouti pupa habitus: 57—ventral view, 58—dorsal view, 59—lateral view (vs—vertical s., os—orbital s., pas—postantennal s., rs—rostral s., as—apical s., ls—lateral s., ds—discal s., pls—posterolateral s., fes—femoral s., pc—pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927755" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927755/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 57–59</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F3131F136590BB068B17AD70" box="[691,831,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="3.2">3.2–3.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
; widest part
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F3131F1364F6BB068C77AD70" box="[981,1119,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation id="6370033FF3131F1363BDBB068CD2AD76" box="[1182,1274,260,285]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Body rather stocky. Rostrum long, approximately 6 times as long as wide, reaching mesocoxae. Pronotum 1.7 times as wide as long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3131F1367E4BB6D8CABAE54" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,863]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
CHAETOTAXY (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3131F136650BB6D89D6ADE3" box="[371,510,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 57–59" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1923,1946]" captionTargetBox="[195,1386,236,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-66@46.[193,1398,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 57–59. Tychius brisouti pupa habitus: 57—ventral view, 58—dorsal view, 59—lateral view (vs—vertical s., os—orbital s., pas—postantennal s., rs—rostral s., as—apical s., ls—lateral s., ds—discal s., pls—posterolateral s., fes—femoral s., pc—pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927755" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927755/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 57–59</figureCitation>
|
||
). Setae distinct, moderately long, unequal in length, light brown; on pronotum and head placed on small protuberances. Head capsule including 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F13645ABB978BB8ADC7" box="[889,912,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">vs</emphasis>
|
||
, 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136498BB978BFCADC7" box="[955,980,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">os</emphasis>
|
||
, and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136312BB978C70ADC7" box="[1073,1112,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">pas</emphasis>
|
||
. Rostrum with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136208BB978D69ADC7" box="[1323,1345,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">rs</emphasis>
|
||
located medially.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136627BBBB8901ADBF" box="[260,297,441,468]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Vs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3131F136602BBC48901ADBF" attach="left" box="[289,297,454,468]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F13667DBBBB895FADBB" box="[350,375,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">os</emphasis>
|
||
as long as setae on pronotum, distinctly longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F1364E0BBBB8BCAADBF" box="[963,994,441,468]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
vs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3131F1364F9BBC48BCAADBF" attach="left" box="[986,994,454,468]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F1364CCBBBB8C3EADBB" box="[1007,1046,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">pas</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F13636FBBBB8C4AADBB" box="[1100,1122,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">rs</emphasis>
|
||
. Pronotum with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136211BBBB8D63ADBB" box="[1330,1355,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">as</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F13624EBBB58DA8ADBB" box="[1389,1408,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ls</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F1367B4BBDC8898AD9C" box="[151,176,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ds</emphasis>
|
||
, and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136627BBDC890DAD9C" box="[260,293,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">pls</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136617BBDC8965AD9C" box="[308,333,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ds</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly smaller than other setae on pronotum. Dorsal part of meso- and metathorax with 1 seta. Each apex of femora with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F1366FAB80089D0AE70" box="[473,504,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">fes</emphasis>
|
||
. Setae on abdominal segments I–VIII placed medially and laterally; all abdominal setae located on small, conical protuberances. Pseudocerci slender, slightly curved inside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3131F1367E4B8488A1DAE98" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,863]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F1367E4B84889CBAE08" bold="true" box="[199,483,586,611]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Biological observations.</emphasis>
|
||
Some adults were collected at the end of April when the plants were flowering and there were no mature pods. At the end of May the pods were mature in most plants and the adults were lacking. About 15 % of collected pods were infested by larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3131F13641FB8918B9AAEC0" authorityName="Tournier" authorityYear="1874" box="[828,946,658,683]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brisouti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F13641FB8918B9AAEC0" box="[828,946,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T. brisouti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Pupation was observed 10 days after the introduction of the larvae in the soil. Adults were observed in the cells 10 days later. After 30 days they had not left the cell and were manually removed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3131F1367E4B8FC8C22AF34" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3131F1367E4B8FC8C22AF34" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,863]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F1367E4B8FC8913AF7C" bold="true" box="[199,315,766,791]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3131F136666B8FC89D4AF7C" authorityName="Tournier" authorityYear="1874" box="[325,508,766,791]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brisouti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F136666B8FC89D4AF7C" box="[325,508,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tychius brisouti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a rare monophagous species on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3131F1364BFB8FC8CFDAF7C" box="[924,1237,766,791]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monspessulanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F1364BFB8FC8CFDAF7C" box="[924,1237,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Astragalus monspessulanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and only known from a few localities of south-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56E57614F3131F136572B9208ABCAF50" box="[593,660,802,827]" name="Spain" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
, southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56E57614F3131F13642FB9218B70AF51" box="[780,856,803,826]" name="France" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
and north western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56E57614F3131F136319B9208C47AF50" box="[1082,1135,802,827]" name="Italy" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
. However the observation about the collecting methods for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3131F13652BB94A8A5FAF34" authorityName="Hustache" authorityYear="1926" box="[520,631,838,863]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3131F13652BB94A8A5FAF34" box="[520,631,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be applied also for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |