445 lines
58 KiB
XML
445 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="E2A56679E5B718608CFEC34E55D818F3" ID-CLB-Dataset="5426" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3839.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6d32f9c2-3094-425b-bb7e-9c6e0517d4fd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927721" ID-ZooBank="AA7FEED5-5C1F-48D0-A172-5C25C4001DF3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623431431244" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Skuhrovec, Jiří, Gosik, Rafał & Caldara, Roberto" docDate="2014" docId="A65B8792F30B1F0C67B4BFF28AB8AA5A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03839p083.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3839 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tychius curtirostris Desbrochers 1873" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="5A62FFEAF3181F186723BA028828AC6B" masterDocTitle="Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1699010544010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="FB7C541074F45C2E284EFFEACAC4DE93" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EA1EA0DE3B22577FBEAE01C6150EC797">
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<mods:title id="E58D18D38B220302545041D9A2717C24">Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5CB4320B03FA5AE1D4C6E173B5F9CB41" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B8B48E0312640A3716FDBF82E9A41AA0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DCC1C960553ABC59E95B5D190CD0D61C">Skuhrovec, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9B9FEC3A4F6B98E3C1EFE4A008F65B59">Gosik, Rafał</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="7B093AC230988179FD790C91C5C96110" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E0727FCD2BA084C5B580A2A8E5489C4D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="CB22CCA3E1EDF6739C9D072992DC9B1D">Caldara, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1A765D845E2BD1905CAFB7DF874C78D6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CF828A6CA4556F43172DD5366BC6016B">
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<mods:date id="CE410E82FE52BEE1F4D14541E1091347">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FA03D8A919DAAB8B2BD6BFBA16982150">2014-07-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="116A0B00922C8962E45D9EE636980207">3839</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A37127041F1BE194B8D427E61C5A80E8">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1392D71176628EE0DE16BEF0C0ABF88C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3839.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A65B8792F30B1F0C67B4BFF28AB8AA5A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5110105" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183550443" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5110105" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F30B1F0C67B4BFF28AB8AA5A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A65B8792F30B1F0C67B4BFF28AB8AA5A" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF30B1F0B67B4BFF28971AA27" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30B1F0B67B4BFF28AE3AA61" blockId="19.[151,715,1520,1546]" box="[151,715,1520,1546]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<heading id="750581E8F30B1F0B67B4BFF28AE3AA61" bold="true" box="[151,715,1520,1546]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30B1F0B67B4BFF28AE3AA61" ID-CoL="7CZ3S" authority="Desbrochers, 1873" authorityName="Desbrochers" authorityYear="1873" box="[151,715,1520,1546]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B67B4BFF28AE3AA61" bold="true" box="[151,715,1520,1546]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B67B4BFF288DFAA61" bold="true" box="[151,247,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Tychius</emphasis>
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(s. str.)
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B667ABFF289F7AA61" bold="true" box="[345,479,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">curtirostris</emphasis>
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Desbrochers, 1873
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30B1F0B67B4BC348971AA27" blockId="19.[151,345,1590,1612]" box="[151,345,1590,1612]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<bibRefCitation id="4A634B75F30B1F0B67B4BC34897DAA27" author="Caldara, R." box="[151,341,1590,1612]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="51 - 218" refId="ref37273" refString="Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche del genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218." type="journal article" year="1990">Caldara 1990: 192</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF30B1F0B67B4BC7B8BE5AAB1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30B1F0B67B4BC7B8BE5AAB1" blockId="19.[151,1436,1657,2018]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B67B4BC7B89AAAAF9" bold="true" box="[151,386,1657,1682]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="9E9A3CD9F30B1F0B66A9BC7B8B20AADD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323411312" collectingDate="1982-07-05" collectionCode="R" country="Italy" county="Caldara" location="Levanto" municipality="La Spezia province" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="33" specimenCount-larva="33" stateProvince="Liguria">
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<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF30B1F0B66A9BC7B89DCAAF9" box="[394,500,1657,1682]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="larva">33 larvae</specimenCount>
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from pods of
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<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30B1F0B65BABC7B8BB9AAF9" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[665,913,1657,1682]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Trifolium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glomeratum">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B65BABC7B8BB9AAF9" box="[665,913,1657,1682]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Trifolium glomeratum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L. collected
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<date id="5A4C1044F30B1F0B630BBC7B8CB2AAF9" box="[1064,1178,1657,1682]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1982-07-05">
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<collectingDate id="4A08E9ACF30B1F0B630BBC7B8CB2AAF9" box="[1064,1178,1657,1682]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1982-07-05">5.vii.1982</collectingDate>
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</date>
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at
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<location id="2B2D605FF30B1F0B63E3BC788D36AAFA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F30B1F0C67B4BFF28AB8AA5A:2B2D605FF30B1F0B63E3BC788D36AAFA" box="[1216,1310,1658,1681]" country="Italy" county="Caldara" municipality="La Spezia province" name="Levanto" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Liguria">Levanto</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="CE29ACFEF30B1F0B6208BC7888D4AADD" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">La Spezia province</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="EC36F866F30B1F0B662ABC9F8974AADD" box="[265,348,1693,1718]" country="Italy" name="Liguria" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Liguria</collectingRegion>
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(northern
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<collectingCountry id="56E57614F30B1F0B66F5BC9F8A25AADD" box="[470,525,1693,1718]" name="Italy" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Italy</collectingCountry>
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), leg.
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<collectionCode id="48E3AE41F30B1F0B6575BC9C8A44AADE" box="[598,620,1694,1717]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectingCounty id="C72C4E08F30B1F0B655ABC9F8AFBAADD" box="[633,723,1693,1718]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Caldara</collectingCounty>
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, and
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</materialsCitation>
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||
<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF30B1F0B6431BC9C8B44AADE" box="[786,876,1694,1717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="pupa">7 pupae</specimenCount>
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reared from larvae collected contemporaneously together with the others, all determined by association with reared adults.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF30B1F0B67E4BCE78A85AA95" box="[199,685,1765,1790]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30B1F0B67E4BCE78A85AA95" blockId="19.[151,1436,1657,2018]" box="[199,685,1765,1790]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B67E4BCE789E5AA95" bold="true" box="[199,461,1765,1790]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
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See
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF30B1F0B6527BCE78A49AA95" box="[516,609,1765,1790]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="27.[151,231,151,172]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="TABLE 2. Larval setal index of: 1—T. parallelus group (A—T. paralellus); 2—T. striatulus group (B—T. striatulus); 3—T. quinquepunctatus group (C—T. quinqupunctatus); 4—T. intrusus group (D—T. alpinus; E—T. brisouti); 5—T.depressus group (F—T. depressus); 6—T. seriepilosus group (G—T. schneideri); 7—T. siculus group (H—T. capucinus); 8—T. squamulatus group (I—T. caldarai; J—T. squamulatus); 9—T. argentatus group (K—T. argentatus); 10—T. stephensi group (L—T. breviusculus; M—T. curtirostris; N—T. decretus; O—T. meliloti; P—T. pusillus; Q—T. tibialis)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3031F0367B4BA958B4CAD4F" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3031F0367B4BA958B4CAD4F">Tables 2</tableCitation>
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and
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF30B1F0B65BBBCE78A80AA95" box="[664,680,1765,1790]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="28.[151,241,484,507]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="TABLE 3. Pupal setal index of: 1—T. quinquepunctatus group (A—T. quinqupunctatus); 2—T. intrusus group (B—T. alpinus; C—T. brisouti); 3—T. depressus group (D—T. depressus); 4—T. seriepilosus group (E—T. schneideri); 5—T. siculus group (F—T. capucinus); 6—T. squamulatus group (G—T. caldarai; H—T. squamulatus); 7—T. argentatus group (I—T. argentatus); 8—T. stephensi group (J—T. breviusculus; K—T. curtirostris; L—T. decretus; M—T. meliloti; N—T. pusillus; O—T. tibialis)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3041F0467B4BBE689B0AE10" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3041F0467B4BBE689B0AE10">3</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF30B1F0C67E4BD0B8B83A9AD" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30B1F0B67E4BD0B8DBAAB49" blockId="19.[151,1436,1657,2018]" box="[199,1426,1801,1826]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B67E4BD0B8A31AB49" bold="true" box="[199,537,1801,1826]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Description of mature larva.</emphasis>
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COLORATION. Head yellow. All thoracic and abdominal segments light yellow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30B1F0C67E4BD2C89E0ACBE" blockId="19.[151,1436,1657,2018]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,151,1586]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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HEAD CAPSULE AND MOUTH PARTS. Head width:
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<quantity id="E90A9B61F30B1F0B6430BD2F8B93AB2E" box="[787,955,1837,1862]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.315" valueMax="0.35" valueMin="0.28">0.28–0.35 mm</quantity>
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(see
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF30B1F0B64DCBD2F8C75AB2D" box="[1023,1117,1837,1862]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
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). Endocarinal line present, exceeding middle of frons.
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B66EABD5089D5AB05" box="[457,509,1874,1902]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
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Des
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<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B66D6BD6289D5AB05" attach="left" box="[501,509,1888,1902]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located very near frontal suture;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B644CBD538BB5AB05" box="[879,925,1873,1902]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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des
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||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B64B6BD628BB5AB05" attach="left" box="[917,925,1888,1902]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">2</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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absent;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B64D9BD538C0FAB05" box="[1018,1063,1873,1902]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
des
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||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B633CBD628C0FAB05" attach="left" box="[1055,1063,1888,1902]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">3</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located along frontal suture;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B624CBD538DB4AB05" box="[1391,1436,1873,1902]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B62B7BD628DB4AB05" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,1888,1902]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located anterolaterally;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B6687BD7A89F9ABFE" box="[420,465,1912,1941]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B66EABD8589F9ABFE" attach="left" box="[457,465,1927,1941]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">5</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located laterally;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B6582BD7A8AE6ABFE" box="[673,718,1912,1941]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B65E5BD858AE6ABFE" attach="left" box="[710,718,1927,1941]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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5 times shorter than
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B64E6BD7A8BDAABFE" box="[965,1010,1912,1941]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B64C9BD858BDAABFE" attach="left" box="[1002,1010,1927,1941]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B6321BD7A8C07ABFE" box="[1026,1071,1912,1941]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
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des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B6304BD858C07ABFE" attach="left" box="[1063,1071,1927,1941]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B6349BD7A8CBFABFE" box="[1130,1175,1912,1941]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B63ACBD858CBFABFE" attach="left" box="[1167,1175,1927,1941]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">5</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30B1F0B638ABD7A8D24ABFA" box="[1193,1292,1912,1937]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–156" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1779,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,233,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-134@68.[151,1436,193,1758]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 151–156. Tychius curtirostris mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 151—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., at—antenna); 152—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 153—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 154—antenna; 155—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 156—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927802/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 151</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B6200BD7B8D6FABFE" box="[1315,1351,1913,1941]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B621CBD858D6FABFE" attach="left" box="[1343,1351,1927,1941]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B62A1BD7A8DB4ABFE" box="[1410,1436,1912,1941]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B62B7BD858DB4ABFE" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,1927,1941]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B67D2BD9C8924ABD7" box="[241,268,1950,1980]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B6627BDAC8924ABD7" attach="left" box="[260,268,1966,1980]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
very short, located medially;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B654CBD9C8AA2ABD7" box="[623,650,1950,1980]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B65A1BDAC8AA2ABD7" attach="left" box="[642,650,1966,1980]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
located anteromedially (along epistoma);
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B635BBD9C8CBBABD7" box="[1144,1171,1950,1980]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B63A8BDAC8CBBABD7" attach="left" box="[1163,1171,1966,1980]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">5</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
located anterolaterally (along epistoma), 6 times longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B6561BDC78A74AB89" box="[578,604,1989,2018]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B6577BDD68A74AB89" attach="left" box="[596,604,2004,2018]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30B1F0B654FBDC78AE5ABB5" box="[620,717,1989,2014]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–156" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1779,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,233,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-134@68.[151,1436,193,1758]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 151–156. Tychius curtirostris mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 151—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., at—antenna); 152—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 153—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 154—antenna; 155—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 156—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927802/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 151</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B65C1BDC48B21ABB6" box="[738,777,1990,2013]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Les</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B632FBDC78C11AB89" box="[1036,1081,1989,2018]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30B1F0B6312BDD68C11AB89" attach="left" box="[1073,1081,2004,2018]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30B1F0B6364BDC48C44ABB6" box="[1095,1132,1990,2013]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ves</emphasis>
|
||
very short. Post-epicranial area with group of 3 minute
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C66C8BA9B8A38ACDB" box="[491,528,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pes</emphasis>
|
||
. Antennal segment membranous, bearing conical sensorium and 2 very short, conical, sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C667ABABE8993ACBE" box="[345,443,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–156" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1779,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,233,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-134@68.[151,1436,193,1758]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 151–156. Tychius curtirostris mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 151—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., at—antenna); 152—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 153—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 154—antenna; 155—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 156—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927802/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 154</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30C1F0C67E4BADD8929AE0D" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Labrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C660CBADD89A7AC93" box="[303,399,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–156" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1779,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,233,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-134@68.[151,1436,193,1758]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 151–156. Tychius curtirostris mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 151—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., at—antenna); 152—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 153—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 154—antenna; 155—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 156—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927802/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 155</figureCitation>
|
||
) approximately 3.1 times as wide as long;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6456BADD8B8CAC97" box="[885,932,223,252]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30C1F0C64BFBAEC8B8CAC97" attach="left" box="[924,932,238,252]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
slightly longer than equal in length
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C621EBADD8D44AC97" box="[1341,1388,223,252]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30C1F0C6247BAEC8D44AC97" attach="left" box="[1380,1388,238,252]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C67B4BB0488EEAD48" box="[151,198,262,291]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F30C1F0C679DBB1788EEAD48" attach="left" box="[190,198,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; anterior margin rounded. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C657FBB048A93AD74" box="[604,699,262,287]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–156" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1779,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,233,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-134@68.[151,1436,193,1758]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 151–156. Tychius curtirostris mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 151—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., at—antenna); 152—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 153—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 154—antenna; 155—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 156—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927802/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 155</figureCitation>
|
||
) 3.25 times as wide as long; with 2 pairs of very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C623DBB048D15AD74" box="[1310,1341,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">cls</emphasis>
|
||
of same length, and 1 sensillum, all posterolaterally; anterior margin almost straight. Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C63ABBB2F8CC0AD2D" box="[1160,1256,301,326]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–156" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1779,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,233,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-134@68.[151,1436,193,1758]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 151–156. Tychius curtirostris mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 151—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., at—antenna); 152—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 153—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 154—antenna; 155—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 156—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927802/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 156</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2 pairs of
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C67B4BB538890AD01" box="[151,184,337,362]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">als</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; with 2 pairs of short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C65BABB508AEEAD02" box="[665,710,338,361]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ams</emphasis>
|
||
; with 2 relatively short finger-like and 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C63C5BB508D3AAD02" box="[1254,1298,338,361]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">mes</emphasis>
|
||
; labral rods short, kidney-shaped, slightly converging posteriorly. Mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C64B7BB778BD0ADE5" box="[916,1016,373,398]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–156" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1779,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,233,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-134@68.[151,1436,193,1758]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 151–156. Tychius curtirostris mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 151—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., at—antenna); 152—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 153—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 154—antenna; 155—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 156—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927802/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 153</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6385BB778CFBADE5" box="[1190,1235,373,398]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">mds</emphasis>
|
||
, almost of equal length. Maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C6670BB9B899EADD9" box="[339,438,409,434]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–156" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1779,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,233,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-134@68.[151,1436,193,1758]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 151–156. Tychius curtirostris mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 151—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., at—antenna); 152—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 153—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 154—antenna; 155—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 156—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927802/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 152</figureCitation>
|
||
): stipes with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6541BB988AA6ADDA" box="[610,654,410,433]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">stps</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6591BB9B8AFBADD9" box="[690,723,409,434]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
of different length, and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C64DFBB9B8C01ADD9" box="[1020,1065,409,434]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
, distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6216BB9B8D7EADD9" box="[1333,1366,409,434]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
; mala with 4 straight
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6667BBBF8959ADBD" box="[324,369,445,470]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">dms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; with 4
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C658FBBBC8AF0ADBE" box="[684,728,446,469]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vms</emphasis>
|
||
, moderately long and almost of equal length. Maxillary palpi: length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres 1:1.4; basal palpomera with 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6336BBE08C67AD92" box="[1045,1103,482,505]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">mpxs</emphasis>
|
||
; distal palpomera with group of some conical, cuticular apical processes. Prementum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C640FB8078BA6AE75" box="[812,910,517,542]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–156" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1779,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,233,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-134@68.[151,1436,193,1758]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 151–156. Tychius curtirostris mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 151—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., at—antenna); 152—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 153—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 154—antenna; 155—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 156—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927802/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 152</figureCitation>
|
||
) heart-shaped, with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C63B5B8048CE6AE76" box="[1174,1230,518,541]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">prms</emphasis>
|
||
; margin of ligula slightly rounded; ligula with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C66CDB82B8A3EAE29" box="[494,534,553,578]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ligs</emphasis>
|
||
; premental sclerite distinct. Postmentum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C64CEB82B8C64AE29" box="[1005,1100,553,578]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–156" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1779,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,233,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-134@68.[151,1436,193,1758]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 151–156. Tychius curtirostris mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 151—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., at—antenna); 152—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., mbs—basioventral s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 153—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 154—antenna; 155—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 156—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927802/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 152</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 3 pairs of
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6222B8288D06AE2A" box="[1281,1326,554,577]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30C1F0C67E4B8708A7CAEB9" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
THORAX AND ABDOMEN. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F30C1F0C6557B8738AD3AEE2" box="[628,763,625,650]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.6">1.6–2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation id="6370033FF30C1F0C6416B8738BA5AEE1" box="[821,909,625,650]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
), moderately elongate. Abdominal segments I- III slightly smaller than abdominal segments IV–VI (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C65DCB8978B4CAEC5" box="[767,868,661,686]" captionStart="FIGURES 157–160" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[171,1424,285,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-85@69.[151,1436,223,1643]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 157–160. Tychius curtirostris mature larva habitus: 157—lateral view, 158—lateral view of thoracic segments, 159—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 160—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927806/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 157</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spiracles on abdomen in anteromedian parts of segments (abdominal segments I–VIII).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30C1F0C67E4B8DF8D0AA87E" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Chaetotaxy of body rather reduced. Setae moderately short or very short and light yellow.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C63E5B8DF8D0EAE9D" bold="true" box="[1222,1318,733,758]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C67BCB9038928AF71" box="[159,256,769,794]" captionStart="FIGURES 157–160" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[171,1424,285,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-85@69.[151,1436,223,1643]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 157–160. Tychius curtirostris mature larva habitus: 157—lateral view, 158—lateral view of thoracic segments, 159—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 160—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927806/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 158</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 7
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6640B90089A2AF72" box="[355,394,770,793]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">prn</emphasis>
|
||
, 6 macro- and 1 microsetae; 2 moderately long
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6492B9008BE2AF72" box="[945,970,770,793]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of same length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6380B9008CE0AF72" box="[1187,1224,770,793]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C624DB90388EAAF55" captionStart="FIGURES 157–160" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[171,1424,285,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-85@69.[151,1436,223,1643]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 157–160. Tychius curtirostris mature larva habitus: 157—lateral view, 158—lateral view of thoracic segments, 159—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 160—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927806/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 158</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C663EB9248969AF56" box="[285,321,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">prs</emphasis>
|
||
; 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6640B92789A2AF55" box="[355,394,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pds</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; alar area with 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C64B6B9248B86AF56" box="[917,942,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">as</emphasis>
|
||
; 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6364B9248C75AF56" box="[1095,1117,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ss</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C635CB9248C8CAF56" box="[1151,1188,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">eps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C63E4B9248CC8AF56" box="[1223,1248,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; and 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C624CB9248DBCAF56" box="[1391,1428,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Chaetotaxy of metathorax almost identical to that of mesothorax, on metathorax only 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C63AEB94B8C9CAF09" box="[1165,1204,841,866]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pds</emphasis>
|
||
. Each pedal area of thoracic segments well-separated and with 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6597B96F8AF6AFED" box="[692,734,877,902]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pda</emphasis>
|
||
, equal in length (moderately long).
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C63B6B96F8D39AFED" bold="true" box="[1173,1297,877,902]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal segments I–VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C6674B9938990AFC1" box="[343,440,913,938]" captionStart="FIGURES 157–160" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[171,1424,285,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-85@69.[151,1436,223,1643]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 157–160. Tychius curtirostris mature larva habitus: 157—lateral view, 158—lateral view of thoracic segments, 159—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 160—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927806/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 159</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C653AB9908A15AFC2" box="[537,573,914,937]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">prs</emphasis>
|
||
; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6547B9938AA3AFC1" box="[612,651,913,938]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pds</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6320B9908C31AFC2" box="[1027,1049,914,937]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ss</emphasis>
|
||
; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6363B9908C4DAFC2" box="[1088,1125,914,937]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">eps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6240B9908D54AFC2" box="[1379,1404,914,937]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C664FB9B789B9AFA5" box="[364,401,949,974]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6508B9B48A78AFA6" box="[555,592,950,973]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C64ADB9B78BC7AFA5" box="[910,1007,949,974]" captionStart="FIGURES 157–160" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[171,1424,285,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-85@69.[151,1436,223,1643]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 157–160. Tychius curtirostris mature larva habitus: 157—lateral view, 158—lateral view of thoracic segments, 159—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 160—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927806/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 160</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6372B9B78C50AFA5" box="[1105,1144,949,974]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pds</emphasis>
|
||
; 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6239B9B48D18AFA6" box="[1306,1328,950,973]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ss</emphasis>
|
||
; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6275B9B48D53AFA6" box="[1366,1403,950,973]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">eps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C664EB9D889AEAF9A" box="[365,390,986,1009]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C65A5B9DB8A83AF99" box="[646,683,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6437B9D88B11AF9A" box="[788,825,986,1009]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment IX (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C6346B9DB8CEFAF99" box="[1125,1223,985,1010]" captionStart="FIGURES 157–160" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[171,1424,285,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-85@69.[151,1436,223,1643]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 157–160. Tychius curtirostris mature larva habitus: 157—lateral view, 158—lateral view of thoracic segments, 159—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 160—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927806/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 160</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6209B9DB8D6BAF99" box="[1322,1347,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ds</emphasis>
|
||
; 2 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C67F5B9FC88C7A87E" box="[214,239,1022,1045]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6661B9FC8977A87E" box="[322,351,1022,1045]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">sts</emphasis>
|
||
. Anal lobes on abdominal segment X (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C6436B9FF8B5CA87D" box="[789,884,1021,1046]" captionStart="FIGURES 157–160" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[171,1424,285,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-85@69.[151,1436,223,1643]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 157–160. Tychius curtirostris mature larva habitus: 157—lateral view, 158—lateral view of thoracic segments, 159—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 160—lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., as—alar s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927806/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 160</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1 very short, feebly visible seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30C1F0C67E4BE238B7CA851" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1586]" box="[199,852,1057,1082]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C67E4BE238992A851" bold="true" box="[199,442,1057,1082]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description of pupa.</emphasis>
|
||
COLORATION. Body whitish yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30C1F0C67E4BE448962A8CD" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
MORPHOLOGY (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C665CBE478A02A835" box="[383,554,1093,1118]" captionStart="FIGURES 161–163" captionStartId="70.[151,264,1930,1953]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,263,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-66@70.[151,1436,223,1908]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURES 161–163. Tychius curtirostris pupa habitus: 161—ventral view, 162—dorsal view, 163—lateral view (vs—vertical s., os—orbital s., pas—postantennal s., rs—rostral s., as—apical s., ls—lateral s., ds—discal s., pls—posterolateral s., fes—femoral s., pc—pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927808/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs. 161–163</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F30C1F0C65C3BE478B58A836" box="[736,880,1093,1118]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.7">1.7–2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; widest part 0.7–1.0 mm (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="6370033FF30C1F0C63C1BE478D69A835" box="[1250,1345,1093,1118]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Body elongate, slender. Rostrum long, approximately 4.5 times as long as wide, reaching mesocoxae. Pronotum 1.4 times as wide as long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30C1F0C67E4BEB38CC1A915" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
CHAETOTAXY (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30C1F0C6655BEB38A37A8A1" box="[374,543,1201,1226]" captionStart="FIGURES 161–163" captionStartId="70.[151,264,1930,1953]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,263,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-66@70.[151,1436,223,1908]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURES 161–163. Tychius curtirostris pupa habitus: 161—ventral view, 162—dorsal view, 163—lateral view (vs—vertical s., os—orbital s., pas—postantennal s., rs—rostral s., as—apical s., ls—lateral s., ds—discal s., pls—posterolateral s., fes—femoral s., pc—pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927808/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs. 161–163</figureCitation>
|
||
). Setae distinct, long or moderately long, unequal in length, light brown; on pronotum and head placed on small protuberances. Head capsule including 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C64DBBED48C27A886" box="[1016,1039,1238,1261]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs</emphasis>
|
||
, 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6311BED48C63A886" box="[1074,1099,1238,1261]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">os</emphasis>
|
||
, and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C63BEBED48CECA886" box="[1181,1220,1238,1261]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pas</emphasis>
|
||
. Rostrum with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C62A5BED48DB4A886" box="[1414,1436,1238,1261]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">rs</emphasis>
|
||
located medially.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C667DBEF88952A97A" box="[350,378,1274,1297]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Vs</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6691BEF889E3A97A" box="[434,459,1274,1297]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">os</emphasis>
|
||
as long as setae on pronotum, distinctly longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C633DBEF88C6DA97A" box="[1054,1093,1274,1297]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pas</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C635EBEF88CBBA97A" box="[1149,1171,1274,1297]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">rs</emphasis>
|
||
. Pronotum with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6245BEF88D57A97A" box="[1382,1407,1274,1297]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">as</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C67B4BF1F8882A95D" box="[151,170,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ls</emphasis>
|
||
, 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C67EEBF1F88CEA95D" box="[205,230,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ds</emphasis>
|
||
, and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C661ABF1F8972A95D" box="[313,346,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pls</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C664BBF1F89A9A95D" box="[360,385,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ds</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly smaller than other setae on pronotum. Dorsal parts of meso- and metathorax with 1 seta. Each apex of femora with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C650CBF438A66A931" box="[559,590,1345,1370]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">fes</emphasis>
|
||
. Setae on abdominal segments I–VIII placed medially and laterally; all abdominal setae located on small, conical protuberances. Pseudocerci short, slightly curved inside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30C1F0C67E4BF8B8B83A9AD" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C67E4BF8B89CAA9C9" bold="true" box="[199,482,1417,1442]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Biological observations.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupae were observed 7 days after the entrance of larvae into the soil. The duration of the pupal stage was 7 days. Adults emerged at the surface 3 days later.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66E8650FF30C1F0C67E4BFD38AB8AA5A" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30C1F0C67E4BFD38AB8AA5A" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C67E4BFD38913A981" bold="true" box="[199,315,1489,1514]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30C1F0C6665BFD38A0BA982" authorityName="Desbrochers" authorityYear="1873" box="[326,547,1489,1514]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6665BFD38A0BA982" box="[326,547,1489,1514]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tychius curtirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a common species with a circummediterranean distribution and is easily confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30C1F0C6619BFF48984AA65" authorityName="Germar" authorityYear="1842" box="[314,428,1525,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6619BFF48984AA65" box="[314,428,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">T. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A634B75F30C1F0C6699BFF78A7CAA65" author="Caldara, R." box="[442,596,1525,1550]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="31 - 40" refId="ref37144" refString="Caldara, R. (1975) Considerazioni su alcune specie del gruppo del Tychius pusillus Germar (VII Contributo alla conoscenza dei Coleptera Curculionidae). Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 107, 31 - 40." type="journal article" year="1975">Caldara 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A634B75F30C1F0C657CBFF78AB3AA65" author="Caldara, R." box="[607,667,1525,1550]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="51 - 218" refId="ref37273" refString="Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche del genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218." type="journal article" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the same field, where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30C1F0C649CBFF48C7EAA66" authorityName="Desbrochers" authorityYear="1873" box="[959,1110,1526,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C649CBFF48C7EAA66" box="[959,1110,1526,1549]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">T. curtirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30C1F0C6222BFF48D42AA65" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1843" box="[1281,1386,1525,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C6222BFF48D42AA65" box="[1281,1386,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">T. tibialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected also, but living on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30C1F0C66F7BC188A59AA5A" box="[468,625,1562,1585]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incarnatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30C1F0C66F7BC188A59AA5A" box="[468,625,1562,1585]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">T. incarnatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |