127 lines
12 KiB
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127 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.344.6101" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fee7883d-5d66-41b6-8183-f896820b046b" ID-PMC="PMC3817437" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-344-73" ID-PubMed="24194661" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-344-73" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 344" ModsDocTitle="Description and ecology of two new species of Gyronotus van Lansberge, 1874 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) from southern Africa" checkinTime="1451246770011" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Moretto, Philippe & Perissinotto, Renzo" docDate="2013" docId="A650C0D40B01D4676B469FD435B25E9F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 344: 73-82" docOrigin="ZooKeys 344" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.344.6101" docTitle="Gyronotus perissinottoi Moretto, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="A43BD70C6E3FFFA9FF8FE752FF80D057" masterDocTitle="Description and ecology of two new species of Gyronotus van Lansberge, 1874 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) from southern Africa" masterLastPageNumber="82" masterPageNumber="73" pageNumber="74" updateTime="1668156674279" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Description and ecology of two new species of Gyronotus van Lansberge, 1874 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) from southern Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Moretto, Philippe</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Perissinotto, Renzo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>344</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>73</mods:start>
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<mods:end>82</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.344.6101</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.344.6101</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-344-73</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152048970" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:652366C0-B9E4-4526-B217-BB757A0EB0CF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A650C0D40B01D4676B469FD435B25E9F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="1" pageNumber="74">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="74" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/652366C0-B9E4-4526-B217-BB757A0EB0CF" authority="Moretto" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gyronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyronotus perissinottoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perissinottoi">Gyronotus perissinottoi Moretto</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="74">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 1, 3
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="74" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">
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South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Umthamvuna Nature Reserve, Beacon Hill Section (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-31.013056">31°00'47"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.173056">30°10'23"E</geoCoordinate>
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); on escarpment at the edge of riverine forest, in grassland interspersed with rocky outcrops and boulders.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="74" type="type specimens">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">Type specimens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">Holotype ♂: South Africa, KZN, Umthamvuna Reserve, 13.I.2013, ground trap baited with baboon dung, R Perissinotto & L Clennell legit (TMSA). Allotype ♀: same data as above (TMSA). Paratypes, 3♂ 4♀: same data as above (ISAM, PCPR, PMOC). 1 ♀, same locality and collectors, but 24.I.2004 (PMOC); 1 ♀, same locality and collectors, but 28.I.2007 (PMOC).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="74" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gyronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyronotus perissinottoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perissinottoi">Gyronotus perissinottoi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is, with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gyronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyronotus dispar" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">Gyronotus dispar</taxonomicName>
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Felsche, 1911, one of the largest
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gyronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyronotus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gyronotus</taxonomicName>
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species currently known. In contrast to all the other species, including
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gyronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyronotus marginatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatus">Gyronotus marginatus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Péringuey">Peringuey</normalizedToken>
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, 1888, currently synonymized with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gyronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyronotus pumilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilus">Gyronotus pumilus</taxonomicName>
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(Boheman, 1857), the elytra are punctate and the interstriae very marked. Another typical character is the brush of long, flat-laying, yellow setae that cover a narrow area along the middle of the posterior side of the mesofemora in the male. The shape of the parameres is also unique, and closest to that of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gyronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyronotus pumilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilus">Gyronotus pumilus</taxonomicName>
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(sensu
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<bibRefCitation author="Scholtz, CH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="75 - 119" title="A revision of the African Canthonina (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)." volume="50" year="1987">Scholtz and Howden 1987</bibRefCitation>
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), with parameres flattened laterally and crossing each other.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="74" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">This species is named after Renzo Perissinotto, who collected the entire type series and compiled the ecological notes reported in this work.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="1" pageNumber="74" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">Length 16-18 mm, width 9-10.5 mm; body convex, rounded, shining bronze with metallic reflections, glabrous on the upper side; with few inconspicuous setae on the posterior quarter of elytra in very fresh specimens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="74">Head. Entirely, densely and finely punctate, except the anterior part of the clypeus which is sparsely and very finely dotted; clypeo-genal suture faint; only short segment of occipital suture present on each side of the head, reaching the extremity of the clypeo-genal suture.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="75">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="75" start="start">Thorax</pageBreakToken>
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. Entirely, densely and finely punctate, with punctures finer anteriorly and larger laterally. Lateral angle at middle of sides widely rounded; mesosternum strongly punctate near the suture and in the middle, but finely punctate laterally; metasternum shiny and very finely punctate in the middle part, shagreened and more strongly punctate laterally, with punctures elongated; internal end of male protibia broadened, densely fringed at apex with very short setae, mobile spur short and directed obliquely outwards; female protibia with sharp tooth at the apex of the inner border, mobile spur about twice as long as in the male and directed forward; femora densely punctate; brush of long, flat-laying, yellow setae covering a narrow area along the middle of the posterior side of the mesofemora in male (Figure 1A); brush of setae absent in female (Figure 1B).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="75">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="75">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gyronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyronotus perissinottoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perissinottoi">Gyronotus perissinottoi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A Holotype male, dorsal habitus B Allotype female, dorsal habitus C Male pygidium, ventral side D Female pygidium, ventral side E left F right and G ventral sides of aedeagus. Photo:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mickaël">Mickael</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="François">Francois</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="75">Elytra. Regularly and strongly convex dorsally, slightly convex laterally; striae obsolete, but densely and strongly punctate, visible with naked eye; interstriae slightly convex, sparsely and finely punctate, with punctures of different size on a very finely shagreened tegument, interspersed with very small, flat and shiny granules.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="75">
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Abdomen. Sternites smooth, finely punctate medially, stronger laterally; pygidium convex, strongly shagreened, strongly and very densely punctate in females, but sparsely and finely with punctures elongated in males; parameres of aedeagus asymmetrical (Figures 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–G">E-G</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="75" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="75">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="75">
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It was previously known that
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gyronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyronotus pumilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilus">Gyronotus pumilus</taxonomicName>
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also occurs in the Umthamvuna Nature Reserve (
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<bibRefCitation author="Davis, ALV" journalOrPublisher="Protea Book House, Pretoria" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" title="The African Dung Beetle Genera." year="2008">Davis et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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; pers. observ.). However, the two species occupy different habitats, with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gyronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyronotus pumilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilus">Gyronotus pumilus</taxonomicName>
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restricted to the riverine forest and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Gyronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyronotus perissinottoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perissinottoi">Gyronotus perissinottoi</taxonomicName>
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to the grassland plateau, outside the forest.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |