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<document id="24F6038CAF890FCEC4CE6437AE8B1E58" ID-CLB-Dataset="8379" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4523053" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6377f31a-ef6d-4b27-abf9-c7bd626c52d8" ID-ISSN="0253-116X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4523053" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612222859585" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="DHondt, J. - L." docDate="2006" docId="A646879FFF9FFFE56BBE65A5FEE828D5" docLanguage="en" docName="LinzerbiolBeitr.38.1.0025-0038.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Linzer biologische Beiträge 38 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0.9:LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleId="24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0" docStyleName="LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eschara sulcata" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="5A7FFFE7FF98FFED6B29610DFF8B2C77" masterDocTitle="The Henri Milne EDWARDS (1800 - 1885) collection of recent and fossil bryozoa" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1698926205978" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="6ABE38F4884408441B907963EEB2AF30">The Henri Milne EDWARDS (1800 - 1885) collection of recent and fossil bryozoa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3048516FAEB044C42C9FFD191D926415">DHondt, J. - L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F0CAE8ED0150DB7776AAB97B38E505DC">Linzer biologische Beiträge</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="69195D7E6953DC5873256F55417A41AF">2006</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A646879FFF9FFFE56BBE65A5FEE828D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4523067" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177311717" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4523067" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A646879FFF9FFFE56BBE65A5FEE828D5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A646879FFF9FFFE56BBE65A5FEE828D5" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
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<paragraph id="2E503689FF9FFFEA6BBE65A5FCB228C9" blockId="7.[151,825,1192,1214]" box="[151,825,1192,1214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
<heading id="751881E5FF9FFFEA6BBE65A5FCB228C9" box="[151,825,1192,1214]" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" reason="2">
<emphasis id="1C9BEA9BFF9FFFEA6BBE65A5FCB928C9" bold="true" box="[151,818,1192,1214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
2.
<taxonomicName id="E9EF4D0AFF9FFFEA6B9865A5FED328C9" baseAuthorityName="Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[177,344,1192,1214]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Eschara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="1C9BEA9BFF9FFFEA6B9865A5FED328C9" bold="true" box="[177,344,1192,1214]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Eschara sulcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="1C9BEA9BFF9FFFEA6A4E65A5FDAA28C9" bold="true" box="[359,545,1192,1214]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Adeonella sulcata</emphasis>
(MILNE-
<bibRefCitation id="4A7E4B78FF9FFFEA69A965A5FCB928C9" author="EDWARDS H" box="[640,818,1192,1214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" pagination="5 - 53" refId="ref7340" refString="EDWARDS H. M. (1836 a): Recherches anatomiques, physiologiques et zoologiques sur les Eschares. - Ann. Sc. Nat., Zool., II ser. 6: 5 - 53." type="book chapter" year="1836">EDWARDS 1836a</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="66F56502FF9FFFE56BBE65D7FD332870" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" type="description">
<paragraph id="2E503689FF9FFFE56BBE65D7FE7A2E79" blockId="7.[151,1059,1242,1586]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1059,211,526]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
The zoarium est foliaceous, constituted by wide erect dichotomic and bistratified lobes. The autozooids are regularly lozenge-shaped,
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF9FFFEA694665FAFD74297A" box="[623,767,1271,1293]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.52" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.44">0,44-0,60 mm</quantity>
in length and
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF9FFFEA68BD65FAFBA8297A" box="[916,1059,1271,1293]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.29" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.28">0,28-0,30 mm</quantity>
wide. The zoecial outlines form rather salient rims. The aperture is
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF9FFFEA68756419FB8D295D" box="[860,1030,1300,1322]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.0825" valueMax="0.085" valueMin="0.08">
<geoCoordinate id="4BDB504EFF9FFFEA68756419FC1D295D" box="[860,918,1300,1322]" degrees="0,080" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" precision="55" value="0.08">0,080</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="4BDB504EFF9FFFEA68BF6419FC5D295D" box="[918,982,1300,1322]" degrees="0,085" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" precision="55" value="-0.085">-0,085</geoCoordinate>
mm
</quantity>
in length (exceptionaly a little shorter) and
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF9FFFEA6961643CFD512930" box="[584,730,1329,1351]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.925" valueMax="0.95" valueMin="0.9">0,90-0,95 mm</quantity>
wide; it is hemicircular with a proximal edge almost rectilinear, or almost circular. Normally 3 aviculairia are present on each zooid. The first is lateral to the aperture,
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long, narrow and sharppointed at the extremity, oriented forewards (very rarely backwards); it can be in some very exceptional cases larger (
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). The second is immediately preapertural (or, by exception, completely proximal), perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (hence parallel to the proximal side of the aperture), with a same shape as the previous and
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF9FFFEA68BA64ECFBA82980" box="[915,1059,1505,1527]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.499999999999998" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.08499999999999999" valueMax="0.09" valueMin="0.08">0,08-0,09 mm</quantity>
in length. The third is axial, oriented forewards,
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF9FFFEA69AF64F3FC9E2A63" box="[646,789,1534,1556]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.175" valueMax="0.18" valueMin="0.17">0,17-0,18 mm</quantity>
long, angular, with a base
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF9FFFEA6BBE6711FEAD2A46" box="[151,294,1564,1586]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMin="0.8999999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.135" valueMax="0.18" valueMin="0.09">0,09-0,18 mm</quantity>
wide. Immediately proximal to the previous, at the bottom of a hole in the middle of the frontal surface, a minute circular spiramen is present,
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF90FFE5687561DEFB8D2C9E" box="[860,1030,211,233]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.0475" valueMax="0.05" valueMin="0.045">
<geoCoordinate id="4BDB504EFF90FFE5687561DEFC1E2C9E" box="[860,917,211,233]" degrees="0,045" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" precision="55" value="0.045">0,045</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="4BDB504EFF90FFE568BF61DEFC5D2C9E" box="[918,982,211,233]" degrees="0,050" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" precision="55" value="-0.05">-0,050</geoCoordinate>
mm
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in diameter, often obtured and virtual. No ovicell. The zooids in reproduction are much more voluminous and inflated, normally reunited (in groups of 2-5) in given areas scattered in the zoarium,
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF90FFE56A416026FE4F2D36" box="[360,452,299,321]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.9">0,90 mm</quantity>
in length and
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF90FFE569496026FD322D36" box="[608,697,299,321]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.5">0,50 mm</quantity>
in width, with a wide and narrow transversal aperture in shape of crescent and an axial avicularium
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF90FFE568746045FC312D29" box="[861,954,328,350]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.16">0,16 mm</quantity>
in length localized in a groove delimited by tho symmetrical bulgings of the frontal face. Vicarious avicularian zooids, in lozenge-shaped like the autozooids, but much more voluminous, measuring
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF90FFE56A2160ADFE1C2DC1" box="[264,407,416,438]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.7">0,70-0,80 mm</quantity>
in length and
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF90FFE5690460ADFD372DC1" box="[557,700,416,438]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="3.5999999999999996" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.32999999999999996" valueMax="0.36" valueMin="0.3">0,30-0,36 mm</quantity>
in width, often arranged in groups of 2 or 3, are also scattered in the zoarium; each of them carries a sharp-pointed avicularium, orientated distally, triangular in shape, measuring
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF90FFE569D160D6FC0D2D87" box="[760,902,475,497]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.425" valueMax="0.45" valueMin="0.4">0,40-0,45 mm</quantity>
in length and
<quantity id="E9179B6CFF90FFE56BBE60F5FEAD2E79" box="[151,294,504,526]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.22" valueMax="0.24" valueMin="0.2">0,20-0,24 mm</quantity>
in width at its base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2E503689FF90FFE56BBE6310FD332870" blockId="8.[151,1059,541,1032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">
The species, arising from &quot;
<collectingCountry id="56F87619FF90FFE56A9F6310FD982E44" box="[438,531,541,563]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Australie</collectingCountry>
&quot;, was very badly illustrated by EDWARDS (1836); he has not observed the transversal avicularium and has increased on his drawing the number of the zooids devoid of axial avicularia (in fact, their apparent lack depends of the state of abrasion according to the regions of the specimen). The original label joined to the material is more explicit: &quot; de Port Western, mm. Quoy et Gaimard 1829 &quot;. The same species has been further described and illustred by MCGILLIVRAY (cf. 1879-1890, pl. 48, figs. 6-7), apparently ignorant of the EDWARDS works, under the name of
<emphasis id="1C9BEA9BFF90FFE56BBE63E7FEE32F77" box="[151,360,746,768]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Lepralia mucronata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4A7E4B78FF90FFE56A5263E7FDD82F77" author="MCGILLIVRAY P" box="[379,595,746,768]" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" pagination="126 - 148" refId="ref8061" refString="MCGILLIVRAY P. H. (1868): Descriptions of some new genera and species of Australian Polyzoa: to which is added a list of species found in Victoria. - Trans. R. Soc. Victoria IX: 126 - 148." type="journal article" year="1868">MCGILLIVRAY 1868</bibRefCitation>
), a binomen he modified later as
<emphasis id="1C9BEA9BFF90FFE568E763E7FE8F2F6A" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Eschara mucronata</emphasis>
, a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="E9EF4D0AFF90FFE56AD6620AFC0B2F6A" authority="(EDWARDS 1836)" baseAuthorityName="EDWARDS" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[511,896,775,797]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Adeonellidae" genus="Adeonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="1C9BEA9BFF90FFE56AD6620AFD302F6A" box="[511,699,775,797]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Adeonella sulcata</emphasis>
(EDWARDS 1836)
</taxonomicName>
. MCGILLIVRAY correctly noted the vicariant large avicularium, but he seems not have distinguished the two small and typical apertural avicularia. A long list of the synonymies of
<emphasis id="1C9BEA9BFF90FFE568E7624FFE8F2F02" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Eschara mucronata</emphasis>
has been further published by
<bibRefCitation id="4A7E4B78FF90FFE56964626DFD532F02" author="JELLY E" box="[589,728,863,885]" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" refId="ref7912" refString="JELLY E. C. (1889): Synonymic Catalogue of the recent marine Bryozoa including fossil synonyms. - Dulau &amp; Co., Londres." type="book" year="1889">JELLY (1889)</bibRefCitation>
; she refers particularly to some REUSS publications, but incorrectly and curiously regards
<taxonomicName id="E9EF4D0AFF90FFE569DF6270FB8D2FE4" authority="EDWARDS 1836" authorityName="EDWARDS" authorityYear="1836" box="[758,1030,893,915]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Adeonellidae" genus="Adeonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="1C9BEA9BFF90FFE569DF6270FCD62FE4" box="[758,861,893,915]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">E. sulcata</emphasis>
EDWARDS 1836
</taxonomicName>
as a junior synonym of a species described about thirty years before (1867),
<emphasis id="1C9BEA9BFF90FFE568B56297FEAB2FBA" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Microporella coscinophora</emphasis>
REUSS 1867, from the Austrian Middle-Miocene. The type-specimen of Henri Milne EDWARDS being now rediscovered, a direct comparison of both taxa would now be judicious to confirm or infirm this synonymy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="66F56502FF90FFE56BBE651AFEE828D5" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="2E503689FF90FFE56BBE651AFEE828D5" blockId="8.[151,1059,1047,1186]" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="E9EF4D0AFF90FFE56BBE651AFEDA285A" authorityName="EDWARDS" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,337,1047,1069]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Adeonellidae" genus="Adeonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="1C9BEA9BFF90FFE56BBE651AFEDA285A" box="[151,337,1047,1069]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Adeonella sulcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not correspond to any of the species described or redescribed later by
<bibRefCitation id="4A7E4B78FF90FFE56BDA6539FEF8283D" author="COOK P" box="[243,371,1076,1098]" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" pagination="243 - 263" refId="ref7198" refString="COOK P. L. (1973): Preliminary notes on the ontogeny of the frontal body wall in the Adeonidae and Adeonellidae (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata). - Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Zoology 25 (6): 243 - 263." type="journal article" year="1973">COOK (1973</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="4A7E4B78FF90FFE56A576539FE39283D" author="COOK P" box="[382,434,1076,1098]" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" pagination="833 - 846" refId="ref7252" refString="COOK P. L. (1982): Note on some African Adeonellidae (Btyozoa, Cheilostomata). - J. Nat. Hist. 16: 833 - 846." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
) from African coasts, by HAYWARD &amp; COOK (1983) from
<collectingCountry id="56F87619FF90FFE56BBE655CFE952810" box="[151,286,1105,1127]" name="South Africa" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, or in the general recapitulations of all the species of this genus published by HAYWARD (1983, 1988), in which this taxon is not mentioned, even under the specific name of
<emphasis id="1C9BEA9BFF90FFE56BD96580FED628D5" box="[240,349,1165,1186]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">mucronata</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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