981 lines
132 KiB
XML
981 lines
132 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A45FF8CF0CCB0C5887A17CF3F4609270">A review of Norwegian streptaster-bearing Astrophorida (Porifera: Demospongiae: Tetractinellida), new records and a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CF301C2D5D1CFF28A62DF5B87008ECB8">Cárdenas, Paco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A4AEC2393518D58522CAF564F3F9BAF9">Rapp, Hans Tore</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3B7EC031E20B9FA9AC4122C0002B2B48">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3A27EE08F404033177AD48A553B1F96D">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A61787B7DC4FFF9DFF33FE5DFB98FE79" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6166257" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119512838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6166257" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A61787B7DC4FFF9DFF33FE5DFB98FE79" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A61787B7DC4FFF9DFF33FE5DFB98FE79" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<subSubSection id="66A4652ADC4FFF90FF33FE5DFDCAFDF8" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FE5DFDE3FE45" blockId="38.[151,603,403,462]" box="[151,603,403,430]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<heading id="754981CDDC4FFF90FF33FE5DFDE3FE45" bold="true" box="[151,603,403,430]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF33FE5DFDE3FE45" authority="Bowerbank, 1858" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1858" box="[151,603,403,430]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FE5DFDE3FE45" bold="true" box="[151,603,403,430]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FE5DFEDEFE46" bold="true" box="[151,358,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Thenea muricata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FED1FE5AFDEAFE45" author="Bowerbank" box="[373,594,403,429]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1858) On the Anatomy and Physiology of the Spongiadae. Part I. On the Spicula. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 148, 279 - 332, pls XXII - XXVI." type="journal article" year="1858">Bowerbank, 1858</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FE7FFDBAFE26" blockId="38.[151,603,403,462]" box="[151,514,438,462]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC4FFF90FF3AFE7FFEADFE26" box="[158,277,438,462]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[216,1384,193,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[216,1385,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 18. Streptasters of Norwegian species of Thenea. Streptasters of Thenea abyssorum Koltun, 1964 [ZMBN 85228]. A. Plesiaster; B. Spirasters; Streptasters of Thenea levis von Lendenfeld, 1907 [ZMBN 85230]. C. Plesiaster. Same scale as A; D. spirasters. Streptasters of Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) [ZMBN 85231]. E. Plesiaster; F. Spiraster; Streptasters of Thenea valdiviae von Lendenfeld, 1907. G. Plesiaster [ZMBN 85257]; H. Spirasters. Same scale as E. [ZMBN 85233]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280608/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figures 18</figureCitation>
|
||
E–F, 21–23,
|
||
<tableCitation id="633C031ADC4FFF90FE01FE7FFE40FE26" box="[421,504,438,462]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="42.[151,239,979,1003]" captionTargetBox="[197,1424,1176,1971]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 5. Depth, individual spicule dimensions of streptasters (in µm) for specimens of Thenea valdiviae, Thenea muricata, Thenea schmidti and Thenea bojeadori. Means are in bold; other values are ranges; n = 30 unless stated otherwise between parentheses. - = not referred." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" tableUuid="7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FE33FDCAFDF8" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,626,505,528]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FE33FF46FDE7" box="[151,254,506,527]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Synonymy</emphasis>
|
||
(modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE01FE30FDD6FDF8" author="Maldonado" box="[421,622,505,528]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Maldonado, M. (2002) Family Pachastrellidae Carter, 1875. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.) Systema Porifera. A Guide to the classification of Sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 141 - 162." type="book chapter" year="2002">Maldonado (2002))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66A4652ADC4FFF90FF33FDD1FC42FC11" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FDD1FA82FDC6" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,1338,536,558]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF33FDD1FE41FDC6" authority="Bowerbank, 1858" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1858" box="[151,505,536,558]" class="Insecta" family="Drepanidae" genus="Tethea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FDD1FE83FDC6" box="[151,315,536,558]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Tethea muricata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FEE5FDD1FE41FDC6" author="Bowerbank" box="[321,505,536,558]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1858) On the Anatomy and Physiology of the Spongiadae. Part I. On the Spicula. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 148, 279 - 332, pls XXII - XXVI." type="journal article" year="1858">Bowerbank, 1858</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FDA7FDD1FD0AFDC6" author="Bowerbank" box="[515,690,536,558]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1858) On the Anatomy and Physiology of the Spongiadae. Part I. On the Spicula. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 148, 279 - 332, pls XXII - XXVI." type="journal article" year="1858">Bowerbank 1858</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 308, pl. 25. fig. 18;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FC3AFDD1FBF6FDC5" author="Bowerbank" box="[926,1102,536,558]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1872) Contributions to a General History of the Spongiadae. Part I. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1872, 115 - 129, pls V - VI." type="proceedings paper" year="1872">Bowerbank 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 115, pl. V, figs. 1-6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FDFEFAEEFD2F" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF33FDFEFE7FFDA4" authority="Gray 1867" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,455,566,589]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FDFEFEFDFDA5" box="[151,325,567,589]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Thenea muricata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FEF2FDFEFE7FFDA4" author="Gray" box="[342,455,566,588]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Notes on the arrangement of sponges, with the descriptions of some new genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 2, 492 - 558, pls XXVII - XXVIII." type="journal article" year="1867">Gray 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, p. 541;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FD82FDFFFD19FDA4" author="Sollas" box="[550,673,566,588]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25, 1 - 458, pls I - XLIV, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1888">Sollas 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 95;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FD50FDFEFC3AFDA4" author="Topsent" box="[756,898,567,588]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Topsent, E. (1892) Contribution a l'etude des Spongiaires de l'Atlantique Nord (Golfe de Gascogne, Terre-Neuve, Acores). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco, 2, 1 - 165, pls I - XI." type="journal article" year="1892">Topsent 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 37;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FC71FDFEFBDAFDA4" author="Topsent" box="[981,1122,567,588]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Topsent, E. (1894) Etude monographique des spongiaires de France I. Tetractinellida. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, 3, 259 - 400, pls. XI - XVI." type="journal article" year="1894">Topsent 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 375;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FB66FDFFFAFEFDA4" author="Lambe" box="[1218,1350,566,588]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Lambe, L. M. (1896) Sponges from the Atlantic coast of Canada. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 2, 181 - 211, pls I - III." type="journal article" year="1896">Lambe 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 202;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FF63FD9CFEF0FD82" author="Lambe" box="[199,328,597,619]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Lambe, L. M. (1900) Sponges from the coasts of Northeastern Canada and Greenland. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, VI, 19 - 48, pls I - VI." type="book chapter" year="1900">Lambe 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 26;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE37FD9FFD93FD82" author="Topsent" box="[403,555,597,619]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Topsent, E. (1913 a) Spongiaires de l'Expedition Antarctique Nationale Ecossaise. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 49, 579 - 643, pls I - VI." type="journal article" year="1913" yearSuffix="a">Topsent 1913a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FD91FD9CFD74FD83" author="Stephens" box="[565,716,597,619]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Stephens, J. (1915) Sponges of the Coasts of Ireland. I. - The Triaxonia and part of the Tetraxonida. Fisheries, Ireland Scientific Investigations, 1914, 1 - 43, pls I - V." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephens 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 11;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FCB1FD9CFBBCFD82" author="Ferrer-Hernandez" box="[789,1028,597,619]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Ferrer-Hernandez, F. (1922) Mas datos para el conocimiento de las esponjas de las costas espanolas. Boletin de pescas, Sept. Oct. y Nov., 1 - 26, pl. 1 - 2." type="book chapter" year="1922">Ferrer-Hernández 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 2;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FBE6FD9CFB13FD83" author="Sara" box="[1090,1195,597,619]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Sara, M. (1958) Contributo all conoscenza dei Poriferi del Mar Ligure (1). Annali di Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Genova, 70, 207 - 244." type="journal article" year="1958">Sarà 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 216;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FAA6FD9CFF44FD61" author="Gamulin-Brida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Gamulin-Brida, H. (1969) A contribution to the study of the tetractinellid sponge Thenea muricata with special consideration of its importance in the bionomics of the Adriatic Sea. Thalassia Jugoslavica, 5, 89 - 93." type="journal article" year="1969">Gamulin-Brida 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 89;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FEE2FDBAFDABFD61" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[326,531,627,649]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1972) Report on a collection of sponges from the Bay of Naples. 1. Sclerospongiae, Lithistida, Tetractinellida, Epipolasida. Pubblicazioni della Stazione zoologica di Napoli, 38, 328 - 354." type="journal article" year="1972">Pulitzer-Finali 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 348;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FDCEFDBAFD6BFD61" author="Uriz" box="[618,723,627,649]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Uriz, M. J. (1981) Estudio sistematico de las esponjas Astrophorida (Demospongia) de los fondos de pesca de Arrastre, entre Tossa y Calella (Cataluna). Boletin (Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia), 6, 8 - 58." type="journal article" year="1981">Uriz 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 48;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FCB9FDBDFB9FFD61" author="Steenstrup" box="[797,1063,627,649]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Steenstrup, E. & Tendal, O. S. (1982) The genus Thenea (Porifera, Demospongiae, Choristida) in the Norwegian Sea and adjacent waters; an annotated key. Sarsia, 67, 259 - 268." type="journal article" year="1982">Steenstrup & Tendal 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 259;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FBDAFDBAFAF4FD61" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[1150,1356,627,649]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1983) A collection of Mediterranean Demospongiae (Porifera) with, in appendix, a list of Demospongiae hitherto recorded from the Mediterranean Sea. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, 84, 445 - 621." type="journal article" year="1983">Pulitzer-Finali 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 474;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FF63FD5BFEE5FD40" author="Pansini" box="[199,349,658,680]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Pansini, M. (1987 b) Report on a collection of Demospongiae from soft bottoms of the Eastern Adriatic Sea. Publications of the Sherkin Island Marine Station, 1, 41 - 43." type="journal article" year="1987" yearSuffix="b">Pansini 1987b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 43;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE16FD5BFD3FFD40" author="Uriz" box="[434,647,658,680]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Uriz, M. - J. & Rosell, D. (1990) Sponges from bathyal depths (1000 - 1750 m) in the Western Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History, 24, 373 - 391." type="journal article" year="1990">Uriz & Rosell 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 48;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FD78FD5BFC68FD40" author="Pansini" box="[732,976,658,680]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Pansini, M. & Musso, B. (1991) Sponges from Trawl-Exploitable Bottoms of Ligurian and Tyrrhenian Seas: Distribution and Ecology. Marine Ecology, 12, 317 - 329." type="journal article" year="1991">Pansini & Musso 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="633C031ADC4FFF90FC7AFD5BFB97FD40" box="[990,1071,658,680]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[125,202,489,510]" captionText="TABLE 2. Individual spicule dimensions for specimens of Characella pachastrelloides and Characella tripodaria (in µm) with dimensions of the specimens. Means are in bold; other values are ranges;" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FB9AFD5BFAE9FD40" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[1086,1361,658,680]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Boury-Esnault, N., Pansini, M. & Uriz, M. J. (1994) Spongiaires bathyaux de la mer d'Alboran et du golfe ibero-marocain. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 160, 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="1994">
|
||
Boury-Esnault
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FB7FFD5AFAAAFD40" box="[1243,1298,658,680]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1994
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 51;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FF63FD78FECDFD2F" author="Maldonado" box="[199,373,689,711]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Maldonado, M. (2002) Family Pachastrellidae Carter, 1875. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.) Systema Porifera. A Guide to the classification of Sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 141 - 162." type="book chapter" year="2002">Maldonado 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 156;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE68FD78FD38FD2F" author="Voultsiadou" box="[460,640,689,711]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Voultsiadou, E. (2005) Sponge diversity in the Aegean Sea: Check list and new information. Italian Journal of Zoology, 72, 53 - 64." type="journal article" year="2005">Voultsiadou 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="633C031ADC4FFF90FD2EFD78FD6EFD2F" box="[650,726,689,711]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,1154,1178]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,1391,1997]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Locality of collection, museum voucher numbers and Genbank accession numbers of sequences available of streptaster-bearing North-East Atlantic Astrophorida examined in this study. Table modified from Cárdenas et al. (2011, Table S 1). In bold, specimens collected on the Norwegian coast. Abbreviations: MNHN, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris; ZMA, Zoölogisch Museum van de Universiteit van Amsterdam; ZMBN, Bergen Museum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7AC16629DC6BFFB4FF33FB4BFB4AFB11" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" tableUuid="7AC16629DC6BFFB4FF33FB4BFB4AFB11">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
; van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FCA9FD7BFC01FD2F" author="Soest" box="[781,953,689,711]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="van Soest, R. W. M., Cleary, D. F. R., de Kluijver, M. J., Lavaleye, M. S. S., Maier, C. & van Duyl, F. C. (2007) Sponge diversity and community composition in Irish bathyal coral reefs. Contributions to Zoology, 76, 121 - 142." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FCEFFD7BFCCFFD2F" box="[843,887,689,711]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="633C031ADC4FFF90FC67FD78FBA8FD2F" box="[963,1040,689,711]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[125,202,489,510]" captionText="TABLE 2. Individual spicule dimensions for specimens of Characella pachastrelloides and Characella tripodaria (in µm) with dimensions of the specimens. Means are in bold; other values are ranges;" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FBBFFD78FB55FD2F" author="Cardenas" box="[1051,1261,689,711]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Cardenas, P., Xavier, J. R., Reveillaud, J., Schander, C. & Rapp, H. T. (2011) Molecular phylogeny of the Astrophorida (Porifera, Demospongiae p) reveals an unexpected high level of spicule homoplasy. PLoS ONE, 6, e 18318. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0018318." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Cárdenas
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FB24FD7BFB13FD2F" box="[1152,1195,689,711]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Table S1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FD18FD5CFD0E" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,740,720,742]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF33FD18FE00FD0E" box="[151,440,720,742]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Ancorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata" subGenus="Thenea">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FD18FF4DFD0E" box="[151,245,721,742]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ancorina</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FEA0FD19FEF6FD0E" box="[260,334,720,742]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Thenea</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FEF9FD18FE00FD0E" box="[349,440,721,742]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE56FD19FD18FD0D" author="Lendenfeld" box="[498,672,720,742]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="von Lendenfeld, R. (1903) Porifera. Tetraxonia. In: Schulze, F. E. (Ed.) Das Tierreich., Friedlander: Berlin, pp. vi - xv, 1 - 168." type="book chapter" year="1903">Lendenfeld 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 53.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FD26FD20FCEC" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,664,750,773]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF06FD26FDFFFCEC" authority="Babic 1914" authorityName="Babic" authorityYear="1914" box="[162,583,750,773]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Ancorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata" subGenus="Thenea">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF06FD26FEB8FCEC" box="[162,256,751,772]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ancorina</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FEABFD26FEE1FCED" box="[271,345,751,773]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Thenea</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FECCFD39FE7BFCED" box="[360,451,752,773]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">muricata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE75FD27FDFFFCEC" author="Babic" box="[465,583,750,772]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Babic, K. (1914) Uber Ancorina (Thenea) muricata (Bowerbank). Zoologischen Anzeiger, XLV, 152 - 158." type="book chapter" year="1914">Babiç 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, p. 152.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FCC4FD43FCCA" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,763,781,803]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF33FCC4FD81FCCA" authority="Wright, 1870" authorityName="Wright" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,569,781,803]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Wyvillethomsonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="wallichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FCC4FE11FCCB" box="[151,425,781,803]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Wyvillethomsonia wallichii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE0BFCC4FD81FCCA" author="Wright" box="[431,569,781,803]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Wright, P. (1870) Notes on Sponges. 1, On Hyalonema mirabilis, Gray. 2, Aphrocallistes Bocagei sp. nov. 3, On a new Genus and Species of Deep Sea Sponge. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 10, 1 - 9, pls. I - III." type="journal article" year="1870">Wright, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FDE7FCC4FD7CFCCA" author="Wright" box="[579,708,781,803]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Wright, P. (1870) Notes on Sponges. 1, On Hyalonema mirabilis, Gray. 2, Aphrocallistes Bocagei sp. nov. 3, On a new Genus and Species of Deep Sea Sponge. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 10, 1 - 9, pls. I - III." type="journal article" year="1870">Wright 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FCE5FDAFFCA9" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,535,811,834]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF33FCE5FE7FFCA9" authority="Sollas 1882" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,455,811,834]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="wallichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FCE5FEF9FCAA" box="[151,321,812,834]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Thenea wallichii</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FEEAFCE2FE7FFCA9" author="Sollas" box="[334,455,811,833]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1882) The sponge-fauna of Norway; a Report on the Rev. A. M. Norman's Collection of Sponges from the Norwegian Coast. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 5, 426 - 453, pl XVII." type="journal article" year="1882">Sollas 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, p. 427.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FC83FD7DFC88" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,709,842,864]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF33FC83FE46FC88" authority="Kent, 1870" authorityName="Kent" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,510,842,864]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Dorvillia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="agariciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FC83FE3CFC88" box="[151,388,842,864]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Dorvillia agariciformis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE2EFC82FE46FC88" author="Kent" box="[394,510,843,864]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Kent, W. S. (1870) On a New Anchoring Sponge, Dorvillia agariciformis. Monthly Microscopical Journal, 4, 293 - 295, pl. LXVI." type="journal article" year="1870">Kent, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FDACFC82FDCCFC88" author="Kent" box="[520,628,843,864]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Kent, W. S. (1870) On a New Anchoring Sponge, Dorvillia agariciformis. Monthly Microscopical Journal, 4, 293 - 295, pl. LXVI." type="journal article" year="1870">Kent 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 293.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FCA0FD33FC97" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,651,873,895]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF33FCA0FD82FC97" authority="Thomson 1873" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1873" box="[151,570,873,895]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Tisiphonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="agariciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FCA0FE2AFC97" box="[151,402,873,895]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Tisiphonia agariciformis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE3BFCA0FD82FC97" author="Thomson" box="[415,570,873,895]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Thomson, C. W. (1873) The Depths of the Sea. Macmillan and Co., London, 527 pp." type="book" year="1873">Thomson 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, p. 167.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FC41FD4FFC75" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,759,904,926]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF33FC41FD9AFC76" authority="Hansen, 1885" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,546,904,926]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Clavellomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="minima">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FC41FE36FC76" box="[151,398,904,926]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Clavellomorpha minima</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE30FC40FD9AFC76" author="Hansen" box="[404,546,904,926]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Hansen, G. A. (1885) Spongiadae. The Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition 1876 - 1878. Zoologi, 13, 1 - 26, pls I - VII, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1885">Hansen, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FD88FC40FD0CFC76" author="Hansen" box="[556,692,904,926]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Hansen, G. A. (1885) Spongiadae. The Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition 1876 - 1878. Zoologi, 13, 1 - 26, pls I - VII, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1885">Hansen 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 19.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FC6EFC59FC54" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,993,934,957]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF06FC6EFF55FC55" box="[162,237,935,957]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF06FC6EFF55FC55" box="[162,237,935,957]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Thenea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF5FFC61FEEEFC55" box="[251,342,936,957]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Ancorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF5FFC61FEEEFC55" box="[251,342,936,957]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FEC1FC6EFDFAFC54" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[357,578,934,957]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FEC1FC6EFE03FC55" box="[357,443,935,957]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE66FC6FFDFAFC54" author="Sollas" box="[450,578,934,956]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the Tetractinellid sponges Dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society (new series), 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FDE8FC6FFD7BFC54" author="Babic" box="[588,707,934,956]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Babic, K. (1915) Zur Kenntnis der Theneen. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 40, 389 - 408, pl. 16 - 18." type="journal article" year="1915">Babiç 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 389;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FCBDFC6FFC28FC54" author="Babic" box="[793,912,934,956]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Babic, K. (1922) Monactinellida und Tetractinellida des Adriatischen Meeres. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 46, 217 - 302, pls 8 - 9." type="journal article" year="1922">Babiç 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 282.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FC0CFD1BFC32" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,675,965,987]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF33FC0CFE64FC32" authority="Sollas, 1888" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,476,965,987]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FC0CFEEEFC33" box="[151,342,965,987]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Thenea intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FEFFFC0CFE64FC32" author="Sollas" box="[347,476,965,987]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25, 1 - 458, pls I - XLIV, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1888">Sollas, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE42FC0CFDE7FC32" author="Sollas" box="[486,607,965,987]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25, 1 - 458, pls I - XLIV, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1888">Sollas 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 97.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FC2CFC42FC11" blockId="38.[151,1436,505,1018]" box="[151,1018,995,1018]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF67FC2DFE49FC11" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[195,497,995,1018]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF67FC2DFED2FC12" box="[195,362,996,1018]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Thenea schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FED4FC2AFE49FC11" author="Sollas" box="[368,497,995,1017]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the Tetractinellid sponges Dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society (new series), 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FE5FFC2AFDCCFC11" author="Sollas" box="[507,628,995,1017]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the Tetractinellid sponges Dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society (new series), 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 183;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC4FFF90FD6EFC2AFCFCFC11" author="Sollas" box="[714,836,995,1017]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25, 1 - 458, pls I - XLIV, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1888">Sollas 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 67 (this study)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66A4652ADC4FFF9EFF33FBEFFC8AFE6F" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF33FBEFFD64FAB6" blockId="38.[151,1437,1062,2022]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF33FBEFFEB8FBD6" box="[151,256,1062,1086]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Material.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FEAFFBEEFEE4FBD6" box="[267,348,1063,1086]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85232, Brattholmen, Hjeltefjord, western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FCEEFBEEFC1DFBD7" box="[842,933,1063,1087]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FC10FBEFFBBAFBD6" box="[948,1026,1062,1086]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FBB5FBEEFBDAFBD6" box="[1041,1122,1063,1086]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85252(a/b), Bømlafjorden, Midtvikøy, western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FE26FB82FE65FB8B" box="[386,477,1099,1123]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FE49FB83FDF4FB8A" box="[493,588,1098,1122]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="59.666668">59°40'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FDF9FB83FD13FB8A" box="[605,683,1098,1122]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="5.4">5°24'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 230-
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FD4AFB83FC97FB8A" box="[750,815,1098,1122]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</quantity>
|
||
, triangular dredge;
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FBBDFB82FBD2FB8A" box="[1049,1130,1099,1122]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85231, west of Marstein, western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FF5FFBA6FEEEFB6F" box="[251,342,1135,1159]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FECCFBA7FE67FB6E" box="[360,479,1134,1158]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="15" value="60.138336">60°8'18''N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FE55FBA7FDDDFB6E" box="[497,613,1134,1158]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="15" value="4.846389">4°50'47''E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FDD3FBA7FD7EFB6E" box="[631,710,1134,1158]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
, Agassiz trawl;
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FC29FBA6FC66FB6E" box="[909,990,1135,1158]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
87920, Sognefjorden deep basin, off Lånefjorden, Western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FE3FFB5AFE4EFB43" box="[411,502,1171,1195]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FDA3FB5BFDC3FB42" box="[519,635,1170,1194]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="92" value="61.138332">61°08.3'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FD28FB5BFD61FB42" box="[652,729,1170,1194]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="6.1666665">6°10'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1232-
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FC88FB5BFC31FB42" box="[812,905,1170,1194]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="1225.0">1225 m</quantity>
|
||
, Agassiz trawl;
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FBE9FB5AFB26FB42" box="[1101,1182,1171,1194]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85253, mid
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FA98FB5AFA2FFB43" box="[1340,1431,1171,1195]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FF33FB7FFEA1FB26" box="[151,281,1206,1230]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="9" value="63.142334">63°08.54'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FE8CFB7FFE20FB26" box="[296,408,1206,1230]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="9" value="8.222834">8°13.37'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FE03FB7FFE4BFB26" box="[423,499,1206,1230]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="165.0">165 m</quantity>
|
||
, Møre 2006 cruise;
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FD44FB7EFCDCFB26" box="[736,868,1207,1230]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pnpi-f6fs" name="Norwegian University of Science and Technology - University Museum" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">NTNU-VM</collectionCode>
|
||
54908, Trollsteinen, mid
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FB36FB7EFB55FB27" box="[1170,1261,1207,1231]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FB58FB7FFA2FFB26" box="[1276,1431,1206,1230]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" value="64.599976">64°35'59.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FF33FB13FEB2FB1A" box="[151,266,1242,1266]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="15" value="11.025">11°1'30"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FE82FB13FEC7FB1A" box="[294,383,1242,1266]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="420.0">420 m</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FE3EFB12FDA6FB1A" box="[410,542,1243,1266]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pnpi-f6fs" name="Norwegian University of Science and Technology - University Museum" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">NTNU-VM</collectionCode>
|
||
54909, Kinebbneset, Trondheimsfjorden western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FB3FFB12FB4EFB1B" box="[1179,1270,1243,1267]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FAB5FB13FA20FB1A" box="[1297,1432,1242,1266]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="15" value="63.54111">63°32'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FF33FB37FE9AFAFE" box="[151,290,1278,1302]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" value="9.829778">9°49'47.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FE8AFB36FE0AFAFE" box="[302,434,1279,1302]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pnpi-f6fs" name="Norwegian University of Science and Technology - University Museum" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">NTNU-VM</collectionCode>
|
||
55655, Tautra, Trondheimsfjorden, mid
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FCD9FB36FC60FAFF" box="[893,984,1279,1303]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FC40FB37FB36FAFE" box="[996,1166,1278,1302]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" value="63.53833">63°32'17.99"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FB3EFB37FAF9FAFE" box="[1178,1345,1278,1302]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" value="10.509441">10°30'33.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FAE9FB37FA2FFAFE" box="[1357,1431,1278,1302]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FF33FAEAFEA3FAD2" box="[151,283,1315,1338]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pnpi-f6fs" name="Norwegian University of Science and Technology - University Museum" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">NTNU-VM</collectionCode>
|
||
55622, north of Smøla Island, mid
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FD63FAEAFC9AFAD3" box="[711,802,1315,1339]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FC96FAEBFC00FAD2" box="[818,952,1314,1338]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="15" value="63.630554">63°37'50"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FC6CFAEBFBEAFAD2" box="[968,1106,1314,1338]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" value="7.9874725">7°59'14.9"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FBC6FAEBFB08FAD2" box="[1122,1200,1314,1338]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FB64FAEAFAFCFAD2" box="[1216,1348,1315,1338]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pnpi-f6fs" name="Norwegian University of Science and Technology - University Museum" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">NTNU-VM</collectionCode>
|
||
55843, Haltenbanken, mid
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FED7FA8EFE76FAB7" box="[371,462,1351,1375]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FE7DFA8FFDE7FAB6" box="[473,607,1350,1374]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="15" value="64.248886">64°14'56''N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FDCEFA8FFD60FAB6" box="[618,728,1350,1374]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" value="9.001028">9°0'3.7''E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF63FAA2FE7EFA6A" blockId="38.[151,1437,1062,2022]" box="[199,454,1387,1411]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF63FAA2FE07FA6B" box="[199,447,1387,1411]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Comparative material</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF63FA47FE58F9FA" blockId="38.[151,1437,1062,2022]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF63FA47FE36FA4E" box="[199,398,1422,1446]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF63FA47FE36FA4E" box="[199,398,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Thenea muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ZMAPOR 19481, Rockall Bank,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FC9BFA47FC75FA4E" box="[831,973,1422,1446]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" value="55.51886">55°31'7.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FC45FA47FB36FA4E" box="[993,1166,1422,1446]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" value="-15.807651">15°48'27.54"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FB07FA47FA91FA4E" box="[1187,1321,1422,1446]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.504999999999999" metricValueMax="8.57" metricValueMin="8.44" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="850.5" valueMax="857.0" valueMin="844.0">844-857 m</quantity>
|
||
; MNHN- DCL3436, Banuyls,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FE22FA7AFE6DFA22" box="[390,469,1459,1482]" name="France" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FE40FA7BFD89FA22" box="[484,561,1458,1482]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
, Ecomarge 1985; MNHN-DCL4083, off Cape Santa Maria di Leuca,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC4FFF90FAC7FA7BFA2FFA22" box="[1379,1431,1458,1482]" name="Italy" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FF33FA1FFEA1FA06" box="[151,281,1494,1518]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="9" value="39.566833">39°34.01'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FE80FA1FFE1BFA06" box="[292,419,1494,1518]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="9" value="18.436">18°26.16'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FE0AFA1FFE4EFA06" box="[430,502,1494,1518]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="585.0">585 m</quantity>
|
||
, MEDECO 2007 cruise;
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FCAAFA1EFCE7FA06" box="[782,863,1495,1518]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85254, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim campaign, St. CP25,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FF33FA33FEB6F9FA" box="[151,270,1530,1554]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="15" value="36.684723">36°41'5''N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FEBDFA33FE3EF9FA" box="[281,390,1530,1554]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="15" value="-7.3177776">7°19'4''W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="38B8FD28DC4FFF90FE36FA33FE58F9FA" box="[402,480,1530,1554]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FE36FA33FE63F9FA" box="[402,475,1530,1554]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4399999999999995" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="544.0">544 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF63F9D7FB2EF9DE" blockId="38.[151,1437,1062,2022]" box="[199,1174,1566,1590]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FF63F9D7FEC7F9DE" box="[199,383,1566,1590]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF63F9D7FEC7F9DE" box="[199,383,1566,1590]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Thenea schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ZMAPOR 18036, Gulf of Cadiz,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FCA1F9D7FC18F9DE" box="[773,928,1566,1590]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" value="35.799973">35°47'59.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B8A5066DC4FFF90FC08F9D7FB84F9DE" box="[940,1084,1566,1590]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" value="-7.799972">7°47'59.9"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="38B8FD28DC4FFF90FBECF9D7FB2EF9DE" box="[1096,1174,1566,1590]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FBECF9D7FB2AF9DE" box="[1096,1170,1566,1590]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.43" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="443.0">443 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF63F98AFC15F8BE" blockId="38.[151,1437,1062,2022]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF63F98AFE2EF9B3" box="[199,406,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Outer morphology</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC4FFF90FE01F98BFE4DF9B2" box="[421,501,1602,1626]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,489,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[166,1431,481,1890]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 21. Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) [ZMBN 85231]. A. Whole specimen, upper view showing oscule. Scale: 1 cm; B. Whole specimen, side view showing the pore area. Same scale as A; C. Thick section of ectosome and choanosome. Scale: 2 mm; D. Close-up of thick section showing dichotriaene, anatriaenes and a protriaene placed under the ectosome. Scale: 200 µm; E. Dichotriaenes. Notice the flexous rhabdome. Scale: 200 µm; F. Anatriaenes, large and small size. Scale: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280611/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
A-B). Massive sub-spherical sponge.
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FC3DF98AFC52F9B2" box="[921,1002,1603,1626]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85231 is
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FBF3F98BFB1AF9B2" box="[1111,1186,1602,1626]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="cm" value="2.8">2.8 cm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FAB5F98BFAE4F9B2" box="[1297,1372,1602,1626]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="cm" value="2.6">2.6 cm</quantity>
|
||
high.
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FF33F9AEFF50F996" box="[151,232,1639,1662]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85252(a/b) are made of “fused specimens” (
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FD7EF9AFFC90F996" box="[730,808,1638,1662]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4-8 cm</quantity>
|
||
of diameter). These larger specimens have many stringlike buds on its top surface, these can reach
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FD28F943FD7CF94A" box="[652,708,1674,1698]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FCA9F942FCE6F94A" box="[781,862,1675,1698]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85232 is a half damaged specimen. All specimens are slightly compressible. Surface is minutely hispid, like sand-paper. Color alive and in ethanol is brown. Choanosome is whitish to brownish (alive and in ethanol). Single, circular to ellipsoid oscule situated in the top (
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FA2AF91BFF7AF8E6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FF41F93EFE8EF8E6" box="[229,310,1783,1806]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85231, 1-
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC4FFF90FE07F93FFE5FF8E6" box="[419,487,1782,1806]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FDAEF93EFDE3F8E6" box="[522,603,1783,1806]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85252); a conspicuous whitish sphincter surrounds it and there is no sieve. The sieved pore area runs along the equatorial side of the specimen (
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FC2BF8D3FC5AF8DA" box="[911,994,1818,1842]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85231) or can extend itself in the entire lower part of the specimen (
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4FFF90FE74F8F7FD9FF8BE" box="[464,551,1854,1878]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMBM</collectionCode>
|
||
85252). All specimens have roots.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4FFF90FF63F8AAFA2FF80E" blockId="38.[151,1437,1062,2022]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FF63F8AAFE9CF893" box="[199,292,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC4FFF90FE9DF8ABFE36F892" box="[313,398,1890,1914]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,489,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[166,1431,481,1890]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 21. Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) [ZMBN 85231]. A. Whole specimen, upper view showing oscule. Scale: 1 cm; B. Whole specimen, side view showing the pore area. Same scale as A; C. Thick section of ectosome and choanosome. Scale: 2 mm; D. Close-up of thick section showing dichotriaene, anatriaenes and a protriaene placed under the ectosome. Scale: 200 µm; E. Dichotriaenes. Notice the flexous rhabdome. Scale: 200 µm; F. Anatriaenes, large and small size. Scale: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280611/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
C-D). Like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4FFF90FDB8F8ADFD0CF893" box="[540,692,1891,1915]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="abyssorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4FFF90FDB8F8ADFD0CF893" box="[540,692,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">T. abyssorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Depending on where the section is made, plesiasters are rare (especially in the choanosome) to very abundant (especially under the ectosome). Protriaenes are found under the ectosome as well (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC4FFF90FEC7F863FE0BF82A" box="[355,435,1962,1986]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,489,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[166,1431,481,1890]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 21. Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) [ZMBN 85231]. A. Whole specimen, upper view showing oscule. Scale: 1 cm; B. Whole specimen, side view showing the pore area. Same scale as A; C. Thick section of ectosome and choanosome. Scale: 2 mm; D. Close-up of thick section showing dichotriaene, anatriaenes and a protriaene placed under the ectosome. Scale: 200 µm; E. Dichotriaenes. Notice the flexous rhabdome. Scale: 200 µm; F. Anatriaenes, large and small size. Scale: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280611/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
D), they can be rare to common depending on the specimen. Anatriaenes were observed in the choanosome associated in bundles with triaenes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC4FFF90FD76F807FC99F80E" box="[722,801,1998,2022]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,489,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[166,1431,481,1890]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 21. Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) [ZMBN 85231]. A. Whole specimen, upper view showing oscule. Scale: 1 cm; B. Whole specimen, side view showing the pore area. Same scale as A; C. Thick section of ectosome and choanosome. Scale: 2 mm; D. Close-up of thick section showing dichotriaene, anatriaenes and a protriaene placed under the ectosome. Scale: 200 µm; E. Dichotriaenes. Notice the flexous rhabdome. Scale: 200 µm; F. Anatriaenes, large and small size. Scale: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280611/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
D); they were also observed coming out of the top surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4EFF91FF63FF51FC9CFE0F" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,488]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FF63FF51FE9CFF58" box="[199,292,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC4EFF91FE90FF5EFE3FFF47" box="[308,391,151,175]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85231) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC4EFF91FE4AFF5EFDF0FF47" box="[494,584,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[216,1384,193,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[216,1385,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 18. Streptasters of Norwegian species of Thenea. Streptasters of Thenea abyssorum Koltun, 1964 [ZMBN 85228]. A. Plesiaster; B. Spirasters; Streptasters of Thenea levis von Lendenfeld, 1907 [ZMBN 85230]. C. Plesiaster. Same scale as A; D. spirasters. Streptasters of Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) [ZMBN 85231]. E. Plesiaster; F. Spiraster; Streptasters of Thenea valdiviae von Lendenfeld, 1907. G. Plesiaster [ZMBN 85257]; H. Spirasters. Same scale as E. [ZMBN 85233]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280608/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
E-F, 21D-F). (a) oxeas, slightly bent, length: 4000-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FB2FFF51FB60FF58" box="[1163,1240,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">5196.4</emphasis>
|
||
-5925 µm (N=7); width: 30-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FEAEFF72FE83FF3B" box="[266,315,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">41.4</emphasis>
|
||
-55 µm (N=7). (b) dichotriaenes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC4EFF91FD14FF73FD46FF3A" box="[688,766,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,489,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[166,1431,481,1890]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 21. Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) [ZMBN 85231]. A. Whole specimen, upper view showing oscule. Scale: 1 cm; B. Whole specimen, side view showing the pore area. Same scale as A; C. Thick section of ectosome and choanosome. Scale: 2 mm; D. Close-up of thick section showing dichotriaene, anatriaenes and a protriaene placed under the ectosome. Scale: 200 µm; E. Dichotriaenes. Notice the flexous rhabdome. Scale: 200 µm; F. Anatriaenes, large and small size. Scale: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280611/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
D-E), rhabdome is straight to bent, or even flexuous, length:
|
||
<date id="5A001061DC4EFF91FF33FF14FEA8FF1D" box="[151,272,221,245]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1925" valueMax="2972">
|
||
1925-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FF7CFF14FEA8FF1D" box="[216,272,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">2972</emphasis>
|
||
</date>
|
||
-3875 µm (N=9); width: 23-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FDEAFF14FDC7FF1D" box="[590,639,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">49.6</emphasis>
|
||
-80 µm; protoclad length: 190-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FC7FFF14FBA2FF1D" box="[987,1050,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">284.5</emphasis>
|
||
-370 µm; deuteroclad length: 350-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FF33FEC9FF79FEF0" box="[151,193,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">564</emphasis>
|
||
-900 µm. (c) anatriaenes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC4EFF91FE4CFF36FD82FEFF" box="[488,570,255,279]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,489,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[166,1431,481,1890]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 21. Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) [ZMBN 85231]. A. Whole specimen, upper view showing oscule. Scale: 1 cm; B. Whole specimen, side view showing the pore area. Same scale as A; C. Thick section of ectosome and choanosome. Scale: 2 mm; D. Close-up of thick section showing dichotriaene, anatriaenes and a protriaene placed under the ectosome. Scale: 200 µm; E. Dichotriaenes. Notice the flexous rhabdome. Scale: 200 µm; F. Anatriaenes, large and small size. Scale: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280611/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
F), common, straight, bent or flexuous rhabdome, length: 1550-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FAA9FEC9FAE2FEF0" box="[1293,1370,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">3976.1</emphasis>
|
||
-4675 µm (N=23); rhabdome width:
|
||
<date id="5A001061DC4EFF91FE5DFEEBFDDCFED2" box="[505,612,290,315]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1922-08-05" valueMax="1922-08-11" valueMin="1922-08-05">
|
||
5-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FDB4FEEAFD85FED3" box="[528,573,291,315]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">11.8</emphasis>
|
||
-22
|
||
</date>
|
||
µm; two shapes, the smaller ones, probably younger forms (with clad length: 60-85 µm and rhabdome width: 5-9 µm) have a regular umbrella-shape, the larger more common ones have bent clads, clad length: 60-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FE74FEA1FDB7FE68" box="[464,527,360,384]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">157.1</emphasis>
|
||
-242 µm. (d) protriaenes, rare, straight, rhabdome length>1000 µm; rhabdome width: 50 µm (N=1); clad length:>600 µm (N=1). (e) spirasters (and few metasters) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC4EFF91FBF0FE43FB1CFE4A" box="[1108,1188,394,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[216,1384,193,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[216,1385,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 18. Streptasters of Norwegian species of Thenea. Streptasters of Thenea abyssorum Koltun, 1964 [ZMBN 85228]. A. Plesiaster; B. Spirasters; Streptasters of Thenea levis von Lendenfeld, 1907 [ZMBN 85230]. C. Plesiaster. Same scale as A; D. spirasters. Streptasters of Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) [ZMBN 85231]. E. Plesiaster; F. Spiraster; Streptasters of Thenea valdiviae von Lendenfeld, 1907. G. Plesiaster [ZMBN 85257]; H. Spirasters. Same scale as E. [ZMBN 85233]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280608/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
F), spined, length: 13-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FF33FE64FF70FE2D" box="[151,200,429,453]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">23.2</emphasis>
|
||
-32.5 µm. (f) plesiasters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC4EFF91FE54FE64FDFCFE2D" box="[496,580,429,453]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[216,1384,193,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[216,1385,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 18. Streptasters of Norwegian species of Thenea. Streptasters of Thenea abyssorum Koltun, 1964 [ZMBN 85228]. A. Plesiaster; B. Spirasters; Streptasters of Thenea levis von Lendenfeld, 1907 [ZMBN 85230]. C. Plesiaster. Same scale as A; D. spirasters. Streptasters of Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) [ZMBN 85231]. E. Plesiaster; F. Spiraster; Streptasters of Thenea valdiviae von Lendenfeld, 1907. G. Plesiaster [ZMBN 85257]; H. Spirasters. Same scale as E. [ZMBN 85233]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280608/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
E), 3-7 actines, faintly spined (hardly visible with an optical microscope), actine length: 16.6-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FED4FE19FE19FE00" box="[368,417,464,488]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">37.0</emphasis>
|
||
-70.3 actine width: 1.7-
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FD78FE19FD47FE00" box="[732,767,464,488]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">3.5</emphasis>
|
||
-10
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7AC16629DC4EFF91FF33F8B9FA3EF80B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280611/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" targetBox="[166,1430,489,1890]" targetPageId="39">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC4EFF91FF33F8B9FA3EF80B" blockId="39.[151,1437,1904,2019]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FF33F8B9FE98F86E" bold="true" box="[151,288,1904,1927]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 21.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC4EFF91FE82F8B8FD26F86F" authority="Bowerbank, 1858" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1858" box="[294,670,1905,1927]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC4EFF91FE82F8B8FE6AF86F" box="[294,466,1905,1927]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Thenea muricata</emphasis>
|
||
(Bowerbank, 1858)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[ZMBN 85231]. A. Whole specimen, upper view showing oscule. Scale: 1 cm; B. Whole specimen, side view showing the pore area. Same scale as A; C. Thick section of ectosome and choanosome. Scale: 2 mm; D. Close-up of thick section showing dichotriaene, anatriaenes and a protriaene placed under the ectosome. Scale: 200 µm; E. Dichotriaenes. Notice the flexous rhabdome. Scale: 200 µm; F. Anatriaenes, large and small size. Scale: 200 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC41FF9EFF63FF51FC8AFE6F" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,607]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFF63FF51FEDEFF58" box="[199,358,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Reproduction.</emphasis>
|
||
We observed oocytes in vitellogenetic phase (A. Ereskovsky, pers. comm.) in the thick sections of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC41FF9EFF13FF74FE8BFF3C" box="[183,307,188,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFF13FF74FE8BFF3C" box="[183,307,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ZMAPOR 18036, collected at the end of
|
||
<date id="5A001061DC41FF9EFCBBFF75FC0AFF3C" box="[799,946,188,212]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2004-08">August 2004</date>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC41FF9EFC57FF74FBCBFF3C" box="[1011,1139,189,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFC57FF74FBCBFF3C" box="[1011,1139,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC41FF9EFB22FF75FB61FF3C" box="[1158,1241,188,212]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85231, collected mid-June 2008). Spermatogenesis has been observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC41FF9EFC89FF28FC09FF10" box="[813,945,225,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFC89FF28FC09FF10" box="[813,945,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC41FF9EFBA5FF29FBE4FF10" box="[1025,1116,224,248]" name="Norway" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
, possibly collected in May (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFF3BFECDFE93FEF4" author="Sollas" box="[159,299,260,284]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1882) The sponge-fauna of Norway; a Report on the Rev. A. M. Norman's Collection of Sponges from the Norwegian Coast. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 5, 426 - 453, pl XVII." type="journal article" year="1882">Sollas 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Oocytes and spermatocytes have already been observed simultaneously in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC41FF9EFB0DFECCFA94FEF4" box="[1193,1324,261,284]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFB0DFECCFA94FEF4" box="[1193,1324,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Adriatic Sea indicating that this species can be hermaphrodite (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFC2AFEEEFBA2FED7" author="Babic" box="[910,1050,295,319]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Babic, K. (1915) Zur Kenntnis der Theneen. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 40, 389 - 408, pl. 16 - 18." type="journal article" year="1915">Babiç 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Elongated thread-like buds are common on the upper surface of large Norwegian specimens (e.g.
|
||
<collectionCode id="48AFAE64DC41FF9EFC34FE84FC59FE8C" box="[912,993,333,356]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
85252) whereas they seem to be more subglobular in Mediterranean samples (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFDF6FEA6FC9EFE6F" author="Uriz" box="[594,806,367,391]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Uriz, M. J. (1981) Estudio sistematico de las esponjas Astrophorida (Demospongia) de los fondos de pesca de Arrastre, entre Tossa y Calella (Cataluna). Boletin (Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia), 6, 8 - 58." type="journal article" year="1981">Uriz 1981, Fig. 28</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66A4652ADC41FF9EFF63FE5DFE5CFDB7" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC41FF9EFF63FE5DFE5CFDB7" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,607]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFF63FE5DFEE8FE44" box="[199,336,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC41FF9EFEC4FE5DFE0EFE44" box="[352,438,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[207,1383,677,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[191,1396,661,1928]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 22. Geographical distribution of Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858). Localities given by Hansen (1885), Fristedt (1887), Sollas (1888), Topsent (1913) and Stephens (1915) were discarded not knowing if some of these could be T. valdiviae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280612/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC41FF9EFE6FFE5DFDFAFE44" box="[459,578,404,428]" name="Greenland" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC41FF9EFDEBFE5DFD0FFE44" box="[591,695,404,428]" name="Denmark" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
Strait and southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC41FF9EFC39FE5DFC57FE44" box="[925,1007,404,428]" name="Iceland" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Iceland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFC5BFE5DFA94FE44" author="Steenstrup" box="[1023,1324,404,428]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Steenstrup, E. & Tendal, O. S. (1982) The genus Thenea (Porifera, Demospongiae, Choristida) in the Norwegian Sea and adjacent waters; an annotated key. Sarsia, 67, 259 - 268." type="journal article" year="1982">Steenstrup & Tendal 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC41FF9EFAE6FE5CFA24FE45" box="[1346,1436,405,429]" name="Norway" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFF3AFE7EFEDCFE27" author="Bowerbank" box="[158,356,439,463]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1872) Contributions to a General History of the Spongiadae. Part I. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1872, 115 - 129, pls V - VI." type="proceedings paper" year="1872">Bowerbank 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFED4FE7EFE4FFE27" author="Sollas" box="[368,503,439,463]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1882) The sponge-fauna of Norway; a Report on the Rev. A. M. Norman's Collection of Sponges from the Norwegian Coast. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 5, 426 - 453, pl XVII." type="journal article" year="1882">Sollas 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFDA7FE71FD12FE27" author="Topsent" box="[515,682,439,463]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Topsent, E. (1913 a) Spongiaires de l'Expedition Antarctique Nationale Ecossaise. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 49, 579 - 643, pls I - VI." type="journal article" year="1913" yearSuffix="a">Topsent 1913a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFD12FE7EFC58FE27" author="Steenstrup" box="[694,992,439,463]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Steenstrup, E. & Tendal, O. S. (1982) The genus Thenea (Porifera, Demospongiae, Choristida) in the Norwegian Sea and adjacent waters; an annotated key. Sarsia, 67, 259 - 268." type="journal article" year="1982">Steenstrup & Tendal 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Rockall Bank (van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFB6BFE7EFA37FE27" author="Soest" box="[1231,1423,439,464]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="van Soest, R. W. M., Cleary, D. F. R., de Kluijver, M. J., Lavaleye, M. S. S., Maier, C. & van Duyl, F. C. (2007) Sponge diversity and community composition in Irish bathyal coral reefs. Contributions to Zoology, 76, 121 - 142." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFAB7FE70FAF4FE38" box="[1299,1356,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC41FF9EFF59FE15FE85FE1C" box="[253,317,476,500]" name="Spain" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFEE8FE15FDE0FE1C" author="Ferrer-Hernandez" box="[332,600,476,500]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Ferrer-Hernandez, F. (1922) Mas datos para el conocimiento de las esponjas de las costas espanolas. Boletin de pescas, Sept. Oct. y Nov., 1 - 26, pl. 1 - 2." type="book chapter" year="1922">Ferrer-Hernández 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Azores (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFD6EFE15FCD0FE1C" author="Topsent" box="[714,872,476,500]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Topsent, E. (1892) Contribution a l'etude des Spongiaires de l'Atlantique Nord (Golfe de Gascogne, Terre-Neuve, Acores). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco, 2, 1 - 165, pls I - XI." type="journal article" year="1892">Topsent 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFCC9FE15FC11FE1C" author="Topsent" box="[877,937,476,500]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Topsent, E. (1904) Spongiaires des Acores. Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco, 25, 1 - 280, pls 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1904">1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Gulf of Cadiz (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFBC2FE15FA37FE1C" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[1126,1423,476,500]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Boury-Esnault, N., Pansini, M. & Uriz, M. J. (1994) Spongiaires bathyaux de la mer d'Alboran et du golfe ibero-marocain. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 160, 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="1994">
|
||
Boury-Esnault
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFAB7FE14FAF4FE1C" box="[1299,1356,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1994
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Mediterranean Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFEDEFE36FDBBFDFF" author="Sollas" box="[378,515,511,535]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25, 1 - 458, pls I - XLIV, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1888">Sollas 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFDABFE36FD3CFDFF" author="Sara" box="[527,644,511,535]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Sara, M. (1958) Contributo all conoscenza dei Poriferi del Mar Ligure (1). Annali di Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Genova, 70, 207 - 244." type="journal article" year="1958">Sarà 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFD35FE36FCC5FDFF" author="Gamulin-Brida" box="[657,893,511,535]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Gamulin-Brida, H. (1969) A contribution to the study of the tetractinellid sponge Thenea muricata with special consideration of its importance in the bionomics of the Adriatic Sea. Thalassia Jugoslavica, 5, 89 - 93." type="journal article" year="1969">Gamulin-Brida 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFC2DFE36FBD5FDFF" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[905,1133,511,535]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1972) Report on a collection of sponges from the Bay of Naples. 1. Sclerospongiae, Lithistida, Tetractinellida, Epipolasida. Pubblicazioni della Stazione zoologica di Napoli, 38, 328 - 354." type="journal article" year="1972">Pulitzer-Finali 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFBDEFE36FB56FDFF" author="Uriz" box="[1146,1262,511,535]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Uriz, M. J. (1981) Estudio sistematico de las esponjas Astrophorida (Demospongia) de los fondos de pesca de Arrastre, entre Tossa y Calella (Cataluna). Boletin (Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia), 6, 8 - 58." type="journal article" year="1981">Uriz 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFB5FFE36FF6AFDD4" author="Pulitzer-Finali" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1983) A collection of Mediterranean Demospongiae (Porifera) with, in appendix, a list of Demospongiae hitherto recorded from the Mediterranean Sea. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, 84, 445 - 621." type="journal article" year="1983">Pulitzer-Finali 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFF47FDEDFE6AFDD4" author="Uriz" box="[227,466,548,572]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Uriz, M. - J. & Rosell, D. (1990) Sponges from bathyal depths (1000 - 1750 m) in the Western Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History, 24, 373 - 391." type="journal article" year="1990">Uriz & Rosell 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFE47FDEDFD4FFDD4" author="Pansini" box="[483,759,548,572]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Pansini, M. & Musso, B. (1991) Sponges from Trawl-Exploitable Bottoms of Ligurian and Tyrrhenian Seas: Distribution and Ecology. Marine Ecology, 12, 317 - 329." type="journal article" year="1991">Pansini & Musso 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFCACFDEDFB84FDD4" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[776,1084,548,572]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Boury-Esnault, N., Pansini, M. & Uriz, M. J. (1994) Spongiaires bathyaux de la mer d'Alboran et du golfe ibero-marocain. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 160, 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="1994">
|
||
Boury-Esnault
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFC13FDECFC4DFDD4" box="[951,1013,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1994
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFBE9FDEDFA9AFDD4" author="Voultsiadou" box="[1101,1314,548,572]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Voultsiadou, E. (2005) Sponge diversity in the Aegean Sea: Check list and new information. Italian Journal of Zoology, 72, 53 - 64." type="journal article" year="2005">Voultsiadou, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);?
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC41FF9EFAE2FDEDFA24FDD4" box="[1350,1436,548,572]" name="Canada" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFF3AFD8EFE82FDB7" author="Topsent" box="[158,314,583,607]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Topsent, E. (1892) Contribution a l'etude des Spongiaires de l'Atlantique Nord (Golfe de Gascogne, Terre-Neuve, Acores). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco, 2, 1 - 165, pls I - XI." type="journal article" year="1892">Topsent 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC41FF9EFEE2FD8EFE6FFDB7" author="Lambe" box="[326,471,583,607]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Lambe, L. M. (1896) Sponges from the Atlantic coast of Canada. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 2, 181 - 211, pls I - III." type="journal article" year="1896">Lambe 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="7AC16629DC41FF9EFF33F846FA2DF82C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280612/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" targetBox="[207,1383,677,1923]" targetPageId="40">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC41FF9EFF33F846FA2DF82C" blockId="40.[151,1435,1935,1989]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFF33F846FE99F84D" bold="true" box="[151,289,1935,1958]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 22.</emphasis>
|
||
Geographical distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC41FF9EFDF6F846FC6AF84D" authority="Bowerbank, 1858" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1858" box="[594,978,1935,1958]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFDF6F846FD47F84E" box="[594,767,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Thenea muricata</emphasis>
|
||
(Bowerbank, 1858)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Localities given by Hansen (1885), Fristedt (1887), Sollas (1888), Topsent (1913) and Stephens (1915) were discarded not knowing if some of these could be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC41FF9EFABEF866FA28F82C" box="[1306,1424,1966,1988]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="valdiviae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC41FF9EFABEF866FA28F82C" box="[1306,1424,1966,1988]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T. valdiviae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66A4652ADC40FF9FFF63FF51FD82FEF4" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC40FF9FFF63FF51FB12FF3C" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
As
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFF55FF50FEC8FF58" box="[241,368,152,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFF55FF50FEC8FF58" box="[241,368,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC40FF9FFE27FF51FDB5FF47" box="[387,525,151,175]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFD84FF5EFD15FF47" author="Sollas" box="[544,685,151,175]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25, 1 - 458, pls I - XLIV, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1888">Sollas 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Azores (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFC8CFF5EFC71FF47" author="Topsent" box="[808,969,151,175]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Topsent, E. (1892) Contribution a l'etude des Spongiaires de l'Atlantique Nord (Golfe de Gascogne, Terre-Neuve, Acores). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco, 2, 1 - 165, pls I - XI." type="journal article" year="1892">Topsent 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFC69FF5EFBB1FF47" author="Topsent" box="[973,1033,151,175]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Topsent, E. (1904) Spongiaires des Acores. Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco, 25, 1 - 280, pls 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1904">1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Gulf of Cadiz (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFB73FF5EFF60FF3C" author="Sollas" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25, 1 - 458, pls I - XLIV, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1888">Sollas 1888; this study</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC40FF9FFF4FFF75FED5FF3C" box="[235,365,188,212]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
(van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFE09FF75FD95FF3C" author="Soest" box="[429,557,188,212]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. (1993) Affinities of the marine Demosponge fauna of the Cape Verde Islands and tropical West Africa. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 159, 205 - 219." type="journal article" year="1993">Soest 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Mediterranean Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFC86FF75FC1FFF3C" author="Babic" box="[802,935,188,212]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Babic, K. (1915) Zur Kenntnis der Theneen. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 40, 389 - 408, pl. 16 - 18." type="journal article" year="1915">Babiç 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFC17FF75FC56FF3C" author="Babic" box="[947,1006,188,212]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Babic, K. (1922) Monactinellida und Tetractinellida des Adriatischen Meeres. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 46, 217 - 302, pls 8 - 9." type="journal article" year="1922">1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFC5DFF75FB26FF3C" author="Pansini" box="[1017,1182,188,212]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Pansini, M. (1987 b) Report on a collection of Demospongiae from soft bottoms of the Eastern Adriatic Sea. Publications of the Sherkin Island Marine Station, 1, 41 - 43." type="journal article" year="1987" yearSuffix="b">Pansini 1987b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC40FF9FFF63FF29FD82FEF4" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFF63FF29FEABFF10" box="[199,275,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Depth.</emphasis>
|
||
For
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFEEBFF28FE6AFF10" box="[335,466,225,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFEEBFF28FE6AFF10" box="[335,466,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC40FF9FFE43FF16FDDEFF1F" box="[487,614,223,247]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.94" metricValueMin="0.06" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="1500.0" valueMax="2940.0" valueMin="60.0">60-2940 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFDDCFF16FC16FF1F" author="Steenstrup" box="[632,942,223,247]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Steenstrup, E. & Tendal, O. S. (1982) The genus Thenea (Porifera, Demospongiae, Choristida) in the Norwegian Sea and adjacent waters; an annotated key. Sarsia, 67, 259 - 268." type="journal article" year="1982">Steenstrup & Tendal 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFC1AFF16FB32FF1F" author="Voultsiadou" box="[958,1162,223,247]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Voultsiadou, E. (2005) Sponge diversity in the Aegean Sea: Check list and new information. Italian Journal of Zoology, 72, 53 - 64." type="journal article" year="2005">Voultsiadou 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFB6BFF28FAF5FF10" box="[1231,1357,224,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFB6BFF28FAF5FF10" box="[1231,1357,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Azores:
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC40FF9FFF51FECDFE3AFEF4" box="[245,386,260,284]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1845" metricValueMax="4.02" metricValueMin="0.349" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="2184.5" valueMax="4020.0" valueMin="349.0">349–4020 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFE34FECDFD95FEF4" author="Topsent" box="[400,557,260,284]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Topsent, E. (1904) Spongiaires des Acores. Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco, 25, 1 - 280, pls 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1904">Topsent 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66A4652ADC40FF9FFF63FEE0FE5FFDB7" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC40FF9FFF63FEE0FE5FFDB7" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFF63FEE0FEF1FEA8" box="[199,329,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
The Norwegian specimens fully agree with the redescription of this species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFB16FEEEFF6BFE8C" author="Steenstrup" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Steenstrup, E. & Tendal, O. S. (1982) The genus Thenea (Porifera, Demospongiae, Choristida) in the Norwegian Sea and adjacent waters; an annotated key. Sarsia, 67, 259 - 268." type="journal article" year="1982">Steenstrup & Tendal 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is the most widespread
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFDACFE85FDE3FE8C" box="[520,603,332,356]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFDACFE85FDE3FE8C" box="[520,603,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Thenea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC40FF9FFD67FE85FCA1FE8C" box="[707,793,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[207,1383,677,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[191,1396,661,1928]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 22. Geographical distribution of Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858). Localities given by Hansen (1885), Fristedt (1887), Sollas (1888), Topsent (1913) and Stephens (1915) were discarded not knowing if some of these could be T. valdiviae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280612/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
): its northernmost localities are at the moment in Eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC40FF9FFF33FEA6FEB4FE6F" box="[151,268,367,391]" name="Greenland" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC40FF9FFECBFEA6FE6FFE6F" box="[367,471,367,391]" name="Denmark" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
Strait while its southernmost localities are off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC40FF9FFC4AFEB9FBEFFE6F" box="[1006,1111,368,391]" name="Morocco" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
||
. We have never identified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFA23FEB8FF44FE44" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFA23FEB8FF44FE44" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC40FF9FFE2AFE5CFE50FE45" box="[398,488,405,429]" name="Norway" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
or the Barents Sea. We re-examined the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFC63FE5CFBF0FE44" box="[967,1096,405,428]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFC63FE5CFBF0FE44" box="[967,1096,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens (ZMAPOR 2385) collected by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFE8EFE71FE67FE27" author="Vosmaer" box="[298,479,439,463]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Vosmaer, G. C. J. (1885) The Sponges of the ' Willem Barents' Expedition 1880 and 1881. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 12, 1 - 47, pls I - V." type="journal article" year="1885">Vosmaer (1885)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the Barents Sea, and re-identified them as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFC56FE70FBCFFE38" box="[1010,1143,440,464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="valdiviae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFC56FE70FBCFFE38" box="[1010,1143,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. valdiviae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the presence of sieves covering their oscules (vs. “naked” oscules with a conspicuous whitish sphincter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFB70FE14FAE0FE1C" box="[1236,1368,477,500]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFB70FE14FAE0FE1C" box="[1236,1368,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). We therefore agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFE29FE36FD5CFDFF" author="Steenstrup" box="[397,740,511,535]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Steenstrup, E. & Tendal, O. S. (1982) The genus Thenea (Porifera, Demospongiae, Choristida) in the Norwegian Sea and adjacent waters; an annotated key. Sarsia, 67, 259 - 268." type="journal article" year="1982">Steenstrup and Tendal (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that other arctic records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFB92FDC8FB01FDF0" box="[1078,1209,513,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFB92FDC8FB01FDF0" box="[1078,1209,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are likely to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFA23FDC8FF46FDD4" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="valdiviae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFA23FDC8FF46FDD4" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. valdiviae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFEE4FDECFE6FFDD4" author="Hansen" box="[320,471,548,572]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Hansen, G. A. (1885) Spongiadae. The Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition 1876 - 1878. Zoologi, 13, 1 - 26, pls I - VII, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1885">Hansen 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFE40FDEDFDCEFDD4" author="Koltun" box="[484,630,548,572]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Koltun, V. M. (1966) Four-rayed sponges of Northern and Far Eastern seas of the USSR (order Tetraxonida). Opredeliti Faunei SSSR 90. (Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR: Moscow, Leningrad), 1 - 112, pls I - XXXVIII." type="book chapter" year="1966">Koltun 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFD2FFDECFCB3FDD4" box="[651,779,549,572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFD2FFDECFCB3FDD4" box="[651,779,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC40FF9FFCDAFDEDFC5AFDD4" box="[894,994,548,572]" name="Tanzania" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
|
||
area is suspicious and probably a misidentification (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFE9FFD8EFE62FDB7" author="Burton" box="[315,474,583,607]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Burton, M. (1959 a) Sponges. In: Scientific Reports. John Murray Expedition, 1933 - 34. British Museum (Natural History): London, 151 - 281." type="book chapter" year="1959" yearSuffix="a">Burton 1959a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66A4652ADC40FF9CFF63FDA4FBF1FC4C" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC40FF9FFF63FDA4FF41FCB4" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFF63FDA4FEFDFD6C" box="[199,325,620,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFF63FDA4FEFDFD6C" box="[199,325,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distributed from the Azores to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC40FF9FFD7EFDA5FC87FD6C" box="[730,831,620,644]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC40FF9FFCF6FDA5FC10FD6C" box="[850,936,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[207,1383,677,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[191,1396,661,1928]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 22. Geographical distribution of Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858). Localities given by Hansen (1885), Fristedt (1887), Sollas (1888), Topsent (1913) and Stephens (1915) were discarded not knowing if some of these could be T. valdiviae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280612/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
) and originally characterized by i) a highdensity of larger plesiasters, ii) a poorly developed choanosome tissue, iii) larger choanocyte chambers and iv) a large oscule sphincter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFE00FD7DFD80FD24" author="Sollas" box="[420,568,692,716]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25, 1 - 458, pls I - XLIV, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1888">Sollas, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Our specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFCBFFD7CFC21FD24" box="[795,921,692,716]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFCBFFD7CFC21FD24" box="[795,921,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC40FF9FFC08FD7DFBB9FD24" box="[940,1025,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,935,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[152,1434,935,1910]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 23. Thenea schmidti Sollas, 1886 [ZMAPOR 18036]. A. Whole specimen, upper view showing oscule. Scale: 1 cm; B. Whole specimen, side view showing the pore area. Scale: 1 cm; C. Thick section of ectosome and choanosome. Scale: 2 mm; D. Close-up of thick section showing the abundance of large plesiasters. Scale: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280613/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
) corresponds in every point to this description.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC40FF9FFE87FD1EFE63FD07" author="Stephens" box="[291,475,727,751]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Stephens, J. (1915) Sponges of the Coasts of Ireland. I. - The Triaxonia and part of the Tetraxonida. Fisheries, Ireland Scientific Investigations, 1914, 1 - 43, pls I - V." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephens (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
compared her Irish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFD61FD10FCFEFD18" box="[709,838,729,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFD61FD10FCFEFD18" box="[709,838,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFC28FD10FBB0FD18" box="[908,1032,728,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFC28FD10FBB0FD18" box="[908,1032,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and often could not tell which one had the most plesiasters. Indeed, Norwegian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFD35FD34FCA8FCFC" box="[657,784,765,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFD35FD34FCA8FCFC" box="[657,784,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could show abundant plesiasters but these were localized in certain areas (e.g. under the ectosome), whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFD55FCE8FCC8FCD0" box="[753,880,800,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFD55FCE8FCC8FCD0" box="[753,880,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appeared uniformly filled with plesiasters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC40FF9FFACAFCD6FF0CFCB4" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,935,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[152,1434,935,1910]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 23. Thenea schmidti Sollas, 1886 [ZMAPOR 18036]. A. Whole specimen, upper view showing oscule. Scale: 1 cm; B. Whole specimen, side view showing the pore area. Scale: 1 cm; C. Thick section of ectosome and choanosome. Scale: 2 mm; D. Close-up of thick section showing the abundance of large plesiasters. Scale: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280613/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7AC16629DC40FF9FFF33F842FBFFF836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280613/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" targetBox="[152,1434,935,1909]" targetPageId="41">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC40FF9FFF33F842FBFFF836" blockId="41.[151,1436,1931,2014]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFF33F842FE98F848" bold="true" box="[151,288,1931,1954]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FIGURE 23.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC40FF9FFE82F842FDEAF849" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[294,594,1931,1953]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC40FF9FFE82F842FE75F849" box="[294,461,1931,1953]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Thenea schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
Sollas, 1886
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[ZMAPOR 18036]. A. Whole specimen, upper view showing oscule. Scale: 1 cm; B. Whole specimen, side view showing the pore area. Scale: 1 cm; C. Thick section of ectosome and choanosome. Scale: 2 mm; D. Close-up of thick section showing the abundance of large plesiasters. Scale: 200 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC43FF9CFF63FF5EFB23FCFC" blockId="42.[151,1436,151,932]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
The choanocyte chambers seemed a bit bigger (50-60 µm) for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFC12FF50FB8EFF58" box="[950,1078,152,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFC12FF50FB8EFF58" box="[950,1078,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but not as much as the ones measured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC43FF9CFE8BFF75FE74FF3C" author="Sollas" box="[303,460,188,212]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25, 1 - 458, pls I - XLIV, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1888">Sollas (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: up to 90 µm. Mediterranean specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFC19FF75FBA8FF3C" box="[957,1040,188,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFC19FF75FBA8FF3C" box="[957,1040,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Thenea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have raised doubts concerning the validity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFEB5FF28FE33FF10" box="[273,395,224,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFEB5FF28FE33FF10" box="[273,395,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC43FF9CFE3DFF16FD96FF1F" author="Sollas" box="[409,558,223,247]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25, 1 - 458, pls I - XLIV, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1888">Sollas (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFD03FF28FC84FF10" box="[679,828,224,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFD03FF28FC84FF10" box="[679,828,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with few plesiasters associated with poorly developed choanosome tissue and large choanocyte chambers (with measurements intermediate between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFB6BFECCFAF4FEF4" box="[1231,1356,260,284]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFB6BFECCFAF4FEF4" box="[1231,1356,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFA23FECCFF44FEA8" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFA23FECCFF44FEA8" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC43FF9CFEEDFEEEFE10FED7" box="[329,424,295,319]" name="Norway" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
). On the contrary,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC43FF9CFD23FEE1FC8CFED7" author="Topsent" box="[647,820,295,319]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Topsent, E. (1904) Spongiaires des Acores. Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco, 25, 1 - 280, pls 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1904">Topsent (1904)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described a Mediterranean specimen with numerous plesiasters (as large as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFE1DFE84FD8DFE8C" box="[441,565,332,356]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFE1DFE84FD8DFE8C" box="[441,565,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) associated with dense choanosomal tissue. Therefore, these characters have been considered to be variable and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFD84FEB8FD22FE60" box="[544,666,368,392]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFD84FEB8FD22FE60" box="[544,666,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFC0CFEB8FB9EFE60" box="[936,1062,369,392]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFC0CFEB8FB9EFE60" box="[936,1062,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC43FF9CFB92FEA6FB14FE6F" author="Uriz" box="[1078,1196,367,391]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Uriz, M. J. (1981) Estudio sistematico de las esponjas Astrophorida (Demospongia) de los fondos de pesca de Arrastre, entre Tossa y Calella (Cataluna). Boletin (Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia), 6, 8 - 58." type="journal article" year="1981">Uriz 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC43FF9CFB13FEA6FF6BFE44" author="Steenstrup" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Steenstrup, E. & Tendal, O. S. (1982) The genus Thenea (Porifera, Demospongiae, Choristida) in the Norwegian Sea and adjacent waters; an annotated key. Sarsia, 67, 259 - 268." type="journal article" year="1982">Steenstrup & Tendal 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The Mediterranean specimen we examined is small (
|
||
<quantity id="E9469B44DC43FF9CFCC5FE5DFC1FFE44" box="[865,935,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, without the roots). It has numerous plesiasters, but not as large as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFD88FE70FD14FE38" box="[556,684,440,464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFD88FE70FD14FE38" box="[556,684,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="633C031ADC43FF9CFD64FE7EFCA4FE27" box="[704,796,439,463]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="42.[151,239,979,1003]" captionTargetBox="[197,1424,1176,1971]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 5. Depth, individual spicule dimensions of streptasters (in µm) for specimens of Thenea valdiviae, Thenea muricata, Thenea schmidti and Thenea bojeadori. Means are in bold; other values are ranges; n = 30 unless stated otherwise between parentheses. - = not referred." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" tableUuid="7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
). Genetic data (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC43FF9CFC7AFE7EFB8CFE27" box="[990,1076,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[228,1377,963,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[215,1384,959,1885]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 25. Simplified molecular phylogeny of the Astrophorida focusing on the relationships within the Theneidae, modified from Cárdenas et al. (2011, Fig. 2). Maximum-likelihood tree made from concatenated sequences of COI (Folmer fragment) and 28 S (C 1 – D 2 domains). Bootstrap nodal support values> 50 % are given above the nodes (2,000 replicates)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280615/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
) show that our Mediterranean specimen has the same COI and 28S sequence as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFD7BFE14FCD8FE1C" box="[735,864,477,500]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFD7BFE14FCD8FE1C" box="[735,864,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ZMBN 85231) so Mediterranean specimens are likely to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFEB8FDC8FE22FDF0" box="[284,410,513,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFEB8FDC8FE22FDF0" box="[284,410,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with numerous plesiasters. Meanwhile, even though
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFC55FDC8FBD3FDF0" box="[1009,1131,512,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFC55FDC8FBD3FDF0" box="[1009,1131,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ZMAPOR 18036) has the exact same COI Folmer fragment as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFDF3FDECFD64FDD4" box="[599,732,549,572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFDF3FDECFD64FDD4" box="[599,732,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, its faster evolving 28S (C1–D2) sequence is significantly different (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC43FF9CFEA3FD8EFEE5FDB7" box="[263,349,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[228,1377,963,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[215,1384,959,1885]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 25. Simplified molecular phylogeny of the Astrophorida focusing on the relationships within the Theneidae, modified from Cárdenas et al. (2011, Fig. 2). Maximum-likelihood tree made from concatenated sequences of COI (Folmer fragment) and 28 S (C 1 – D 2 domains). Bootstrap nodal support values> 50 % are given above the nodes (2,000 replicates)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280615/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
). This strongly suggests that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFD0CFD80FC9BFD88" box="[680,803,584,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFD0CFD80FC9BFD88" box="[680,803,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a valid NEA species and that we are not focusing on the right characters to differentiate it. The amount of plesiasters and the size of the choanocyte chambers do not seem to be reliable characters; the size of plesiasters does not seem to be a good character as they can be fairly large in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFF17FD7CFE8AFD24" box="[179,306,693,716]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFF17FD7CFE8AFD24" box="[179,306,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as well (
|
||
<tableCitation id="633C031ADC43FF9CFE33FD7DFE55FD24" box="[407,493,692,716]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="42.[151,239,979,1003]" captionTargetBox="[197,1424,1176,1971]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 5. Depth, individual spicule dimensions of streptasters (in µm) for specimens of Thenea valdiviae, Thenea muricata, Thenea schmidti and Thenea bojeadori. Means are in bold; other values are ranges; n = 30 unless stated otherwise between parentheses. - = not referred." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" tableUuid="7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
). The very large plesiasters (actins of 420–540 µm length) found by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC43FF9CFB48FD7DFAC7FD24" author="Babic" box="[1260,1407,692,716]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Babic, K. (1915) Zur Kenntnis der Theneen. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 40, 389 - 408, pl. 16 - 18." type="journal article" year="1915">Babiç (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFF33FD11FF52FD18" box="[151,234,728,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFF33FD11FF52FD18" box="[151,234,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Thenea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Adriatic Sea (
|
||
<tableCitation id="633C031ADC43FF9CFE4AFD1EFDFBFD07" box="[494,579,727,751]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="42.[151,239,979,1003]" captionTargetBox="[197,1424,1176,1971]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 5. Depth, individual spicule dimensions of streptasters (in µm) for specimens of Thenea valdiviae, Thenea muricata, Thenea schmidti and Thenea bojeadori. Means are in bold; other values are ranges; n = 30 unless stated otherwise between parentheses. - = not referred." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" tableUuid="7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
) are puzzling at the moment. The white broad sphincter around the oscule of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFF33FD34FEA9FCFC" box="[151,273,764,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFF33FD34FEA9FCFC" box="[151,273,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be a more reliable character, but we need more specimens to confirm this.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC43FF9CFF63FCE9FBF1FC4C" blockId="42.[151,1436,151,932]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
An even more southern species is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFDC4FCE9FC92FCD0" box="[608,810,800,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bojeadori">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFDC4FCE9FC92FCD0" box="[608,810,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Thenea bojeadori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC43FF9CFCCFFCD6FB8DFCDF" author="Lendenfeld" box="[875,1077,799,823]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="von Lendenfeld, R. (1907) Die Tetraxonia. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf der Dampfer Valdivia 1898 - 1899, 11, i - iv, 59 - 374, pls IX - XLVI." type="journal article" year="1907">Lendenfeld, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(and its possible synonyms
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFA23FCE8FEAEFCB4" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microclada">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFA23FCE8FEAEFCB4" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. microclada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC43FF9CFEF0FC8DFDA5FCB4" author="Lendenfeld" box="[340,541,836,860]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="von Lendenfeld, R. (1907) Die Tetraxonia. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf der Dampfer Valdivia 1898 - 1899, 11, i - iv, 59 - 374, pls IX - XLVI." type="journal article" year="1907">Lendenfeld, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFDFFFC8CFD45FCB4" box="[603,765,836,860]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastrella">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFDFFFC8CFD45FCB4" box="[603,765,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. megastrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC43FF9CFC98FC8DFBBFFCB4" author="Lendenfeld" box="[828,1031,836,860]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="von Lendenfeld, R. (1907) Die Tetraxonia. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf der Dampfer Valdivia 1898 - 1899, 11, i - iv, 59 - 374, pls IX - XLVI." type="journal article" year="1907">Lendenfeld, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) which can be found all along the northern coast of Africa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC43FF9CFE60FCAEFDF8FC97" author="Levi" box="[452,576,871,895]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Levi, C. (1959) Resultats scientifiques des Campagnes de la ' Calypso'. Campagne de la ' Calypso' dans le Golfe de Guinee et aux iles Principe, Sao Tome et Annobon. 5. Spongiaires. Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, 37, 115 - 141, pls 5 - 6." type="journal article" year="1959">Lévi 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC43FF9CFDF4FCAEFD74FC97" author="Cruz" box="[592,716,871,895]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Cruz, T. (2002) Esponjas marinas de Canarias. Consejeria de Politica Territorial y Medio Ambiente del Gobierno de Canarias, S / C Tenerife, 260 pp." type="book" year="2002">Cruz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6852A24DC43FF9CFD43FCAEFCF8FC97" box="[743,832,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[207,1383,677,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[191,1396,661,1928]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 22. Geographical distribution of Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858). Localities given by Hansen (1885), Fristedt (1887), Sollas (1888), Topsent (1913) and Stephens (1915) were discarded not knowing if some of these could be T. valdiviae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280612/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). The status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFC59FCA0FB32FC68" box="[1021,1162,872,896]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bojeadori">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFC59FCA0FB32FC68" box="[1021,1162,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. bojeadori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would also need to be reevaluated in order to clearly separate it from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFD00FC44FCA6FC4C" box="[676,798,908,932]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFD00FC44FCA6FC4C" box="[676,798,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFCF1FC44FC6CFC4C" box="[853,980,909,932]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFCF1FC44FC6CFC4C" box="[853,980,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="633C031ADC43FF9CFC40FC45FB83FC4C" box="[996,1083,908,932]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="42.[151,239,979,1003]" captionTargetBox="[197,1424,1176,1971]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 5. Depth, individual spicule dimensions of streptasters (in µm) for specimens of Thenea valdiviae, Thenea muricata, Thenea schmidti and Thenea bojeadori. Means are in bold; other values are ranges; n = 30 unless stated otherwise between parentheses. - = not referred." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" tableUuid="7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6" ID-Table-UUID="7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7AC16629DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[197,1424,1176,1971]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="42">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFD20FBC6" blockId="42.[151,1436,979,1070]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFF33FC1AFEB4FC03" bold="true" box="[151,268,979,1003]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">TABLE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Depth, individual spicule dimensions of streptasters (in µm) for specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFB26FC1DFA84FC03" box="[1154,1340,980,1003]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="valdiviae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFB26FC1DFA84FC03" box="[1154,1340,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Thenea valdiviae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFAE9FC1DFF4FFBE3" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFAE9FC1DFF4FFBE3" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Thenea muricata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFEAEFC3DFE06FBE3" box="[266,446,1012,1035]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFEAEFC3DFE06FBE3" box="[266,446,1012,1035]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Thenea schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE4D22DC43FF9CFE58FC3DFD07FBE3" box="[508,703,1012,1035]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bojeadori">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFE58FC3DFD07FBE3" box="[508,703,1012,1035]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Thenea bojeadori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Means are in bold; other values are ranges; n=30 unless stated otherwise between parentheses. - = not referred.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66A4652ADC43FF9DFEF8FB98FB98FE79" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC43FF9CFEF8FB98FADDFB8E" blockId="42.[348,1381,1105,1158]" box="[348,1381,1105,1126]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Material Depth Plesiaster Spiraster/metaster</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E0136A1DC43FF9DFD72FBB8FB98FE79" blockId="42.[348,1381,1105,1158]" lastBlockId="43.[165,1381,165,401]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
(m) (actin length) (length)
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC43FF9CFBCEF80FFB30F833" box="[1130,1160,1990,2011]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">.....</emphasis>
|
||
continued on the next page Material Depth Plesiaster Spiraster/metaster (m) (actin length) (length) MNHN-DCL3436 * 800 31–
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC42FF9DFC68FEDDFBBAFEC1" bold="true" box="[972,1026,276,297]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">126.9</emphasis>
|
||
–247 18–
|
||
<emphasis id="1CCAEAB3DC42FF9DFB5EFEDDFA9CFEC1" bold="true" box="[1274,1316,276,297]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">25.2</emphasis>
|
||
–39 Banyuls
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56A97631DC42FF9DFE2AFEFDFE68FEA1" box="[398,464,308,329]" name="France" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
(abundant) (10) Adriatic Sea - 420–540 21 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A2F4B50DC42FF9DFEE8FEB5FE05FE79" author="Babic" box="[332,445,380,401]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Babic, K. (1915) Zur Kenntnis der Theneen. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 40, 389 - 408, pl. 16 - 18." type="journal article" year="1915">Babiç 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (abundant)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |