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<mods:title id="625E6E5DF3A9855AB17C9B07445D85C9">Making the most of your host: the Metrosideros-feeding psyllids (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) of the Hawaiian Islands</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6110DCACAFE96DCCEB4086B1FF9CA85B">Percy, Diana M.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="D72B74644086C13240DCBF895BB33709" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="27EE09106EAE57DEE8AA421EC420C609" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="BB19F20430DDC837E87B56B4878EF217" ID-CoL="6HTM" ID-ENA="1950154" authority="Enderlein, 1926" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus Enderlein, 1926</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC85C4C9D56BA9539B3ACFDDB98426AE" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6AC6D6D471AB9DE845BF5D905DA55DDC" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="3639EC7FC7992EA59174836E0741AABA" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Trioza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trioza" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trioza</taxonomicName>
Foerster, 1848: 82, in part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8DA4BE872B93879B8DE6232E18DA52D3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="BDDA79F9D9F6162197036AD436F66844" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kuwayama</taxonomicName>
Crawford, 1911: 503, in part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D9029F290736B29A0EBB1E70AF38FA01" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="F0B352AD80637DA7E40DED62FFCCFBEE" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
Enderlein, 1926: 401. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="80FB834B8D1D02F4574D640BB2B084E4" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama nigricapita" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricapita">Kuwayama nigricapita</taxonomicName>
Crawford, 1918, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="604280C3254EF8C790CA38CA98F55E9B" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="2D0D70EDC722EDD691FBBEC0E7505DAA" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Adult colour and structure.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A317C5EBBE42210130BAEBC60FBD12AD" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
General body colour either entirely dark (black, brown, or red), entirely or mostly pale (cream, yellow or orange), or distinctly bicolored (pale/dark) (e.g. Fig. 4R). Overall size variable from ~1.5-4.5 mm in length (Fig. 4
<normalizedToken id="694FD0B74F4BD9DC273D5E0BBCAB8002" originalValue="EG">E-G</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="3007ED7546D719D1BD9D37F039A62A76" originalValue="JR">J-R</normalizedToken>
). Fore wing broadest either in the middle or in the apical third, membrane with or without distinct pattern of pigmentation, if without pattern either clear or fuscous (whiteish opaque in newly emerged adults); veins brown and either with trifurcation of R, M and Cu1, or vein R branching slightly anterior (Fig. 4A, this character can vary within populations and even between left and right wings of individuals and is not considered diagnostic for species); vein Rs relatively short, reaching fore wing margin at or proximal to M fork; long to minute setae on fore wing margins and veins; fore
<pageBreakToken id="BD6E91CB4051E8B62838E7C3E1D65558" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">wing</pageBreakToken>
membrane either with spinules distributed densely throughout all cells or sparsely distributed and limited to a few cells; a cluster of marginal radular spines present in cells cu1, m1 and m2; fore wing apices either acute, bluntly acute, or rounded. Head moderately deflexed downwards, vertex more or less flat dorsally, with lateral ocelli lying on small tubercles, medial epicranial suture distinct; genal processes extremely short to long, and either concolorous, darker, or lighter than general body colour. Antennae short to long; antennal segments 10, with terminal 3(-6) segments usually darker; a single rhinaria apically on segments 4, 6, 8, 9; terminal segment with two unequal length setae. Distal proboscis segment short to long, darker apically. Thorax moderately arched. Minute to long setae on dorsum of vertex and thorax. Legs moderately short and robust to long and slender, tibia longer than femur; hind leg with meracanthus well developed and straight; metafemur with several stout setae apically; metatibia with a cluster of genual spines basally and typically 1+2 (occasionally a single or 1+3) sclerotized apical spurs and a comb of stout unsclerotized setae; tarsi subequal in length (Fig. 4
<normalizedToken id="9F38E861E322A8233825E4D178EDEFB4" originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
, H). Male terminalia with more or less rounded subgenital plate; proctiger with moderate or more pronounced posterior lobe medially (interior surface of lobes bearing 4-5 simple setae, Fig. 4B), length shorter, subequal or longer than paramere; paramere variable; distal aedeagus segment apex either hooked or blunt. Female terminalia with proctiger short or long, dorsal surface straight, convex, or medially concave, subequal, shorter or longer than the subgenital plate, long dorsal setae, a simple anal ring composed of a continuous or interrupted double row of cells, and apex acute to bluntly acute; subgenital plate ventral surface either concave or convex, medium to long ventral setae, apex acute to bluntly acute or truncate; ovipositor either with or without serrations. Eggs highly variable, broadly ovoid or slender, pale or dark, with or without microsculpturing and striations, and with or without distinct pedicel and tail.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D50ACBF4EC4B359F27BBFCCD14378EAE" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
<paragraph id="893D14BA06C56406B9E966305330A278" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Immatures and biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E71CD312704D748DD58628049C275685" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Extremely variable immature morphology reflects variation in biologies and galling habits. Immatures may be free-living or gall forming (open and closed galls). Galling species appear to have one immature per gall/gall chamber, but in some galling species dense aggregations of galls result in clusters of chambers in close proximity. Morphologically consistent characters for 5th instars are antennae with 8-9 segments bearing 4 rhinaria (on segments 4, 6, 8 and 9, or 2 on segment 8) and two short to medium long terminal simple setae, tarsi with broad crescent arolia and each terminal tarsus bearing a long simple or weakly capitate seta, and anus situated ventrally.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="74D6594F4B1329425CAC3C5B7AB254C4" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="host">
<paragraph id="0601FDFB84B3C3FF0F6AA2FDFC612533" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Host plant.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7DDC55BEB93F6320B6E820BE7043BC9D" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
The host plant of all
<taxonomicName id="E486FB60247A398F8DF1BB6747167D30" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
species is considered to be
<taxonomicName id="82FEF4689F3B3657778D5AD1971F6DBD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros polymorpha" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polymorpha">Metrosideros polymorpha</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="8328DA03B9C81E75B8AA2EDC64F049DF" family="Myrtaceae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
). However, there are five described species of
<taxonomicName id="2CB4F47B46EB1F51EB3573AEC6593D81" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metrosideros</taxonomicName>
in the Hawaiian Islands, and
<taxonomicName id="01F08B4F663A73ABD1B7DF31ECE22D22" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
species and galls have occasionally been found on other
<taxonomicName id="1A5576EDDB9ACE2A4DB9C9818F93DFEE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metrosideros</taxonomicName>
taxa (e.g.
<taxonomicName id="B605733AC61FC6E327B410741093F2A9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros macropus" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macropus">Metrosideros macropus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9607AB238A29375041143D8B8F56A878" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros rugosa" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosa">Metrosideros rugosa</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="DD76A47891B90C4D57972D381C2D6449" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros waialealae" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="waialealae">Metrosideros waialealae</taxonomicName>
) (see Table 2), but in all cases, these
<taxonomicName id="0D441A934D0944FEF690E186685884EF" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
species are predominantly on
<taxonomicName id="A726316256632A4B8D8DFDE00BE4A491" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros polymorpha" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polymorpha">Metrosideros polymorpha</taxonomicName>
. Extensive interspecies gene flow among Hawaiian
<taxonomicName id="22AF563601DC114FFF8C878BCF47C501" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metrosideros</taxonomicName>
suggests taxonomic concepts in
<taxonomicName id="CFC6D70C8C635EE22C0F4E48B642058E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metrosideros</taxonomicName>
may not reflect discrete genotypic or phenotypic units; the extensive morphotypic variation in
<taxonomicName id="6F6468401EBA9106CAB86B812241750D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros polymorpha" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polymorpha">Metrosideros polymorpha</taxonomicName>
is therefore considered more influential in driving divergence than occurrence on different species of
<taxonomicName id="330D14F8979BA75A70CAD9403D6E7449" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metrosideros</taxonomicName>
. Nevertheless,
<pageBreakToken id="C758702D4C2183F86D945278D18104F9" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">more</pageBreakToken>
detailed examination of population divergence in
<taxonomicName id="012043AA4A0BA25BC5749F8AD911343D" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
species found on multiple
<taxonomicName id="80DAB0D810DA40EB17E38234F8FD53D7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros" order="Myrtales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metrosideros</taxonomicName>
species remains to be undertaken.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0180EF781C545DF4E7607EDFA401C55" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="comments">
<paragraph id="35E5D1D3C435DE950BB8ECD017E84C6B" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="36BAE2F3048E52EF054BCFB69C691CD8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<bibRefCitation id="C28694A6A4B999FE03E4BBB2BF8FCC36" author="Enderlein, G" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="397 - 401" title="Psyllidologica VIII." volume="15" year="1926">Enderlein (1926)</bibRefCitation>
erected this genus in order to rectify, as he saw it, the incorrect inclusion of three Hawaiian species (
<taxonomicName id="3BF0DCCEFCCA10E2CA0C99EA5EC76FC2" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus nigricapitus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricapitus">Pariaconus nigricapitus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="270A019A9A2644F7FF1773CA32BE65BD" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus minutus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">Pariaconus minutus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2D78D15B19AE453C3D5EAAB822C86D11" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus gracilis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Pariaconus gracilis</taxonomicName>
) by
<bibRefCitation id="B42A80AE4D93DF9FA81C89C4ED726009" author="Crawford, DL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="430 - 457" title="The jumping plant lice (Family Psyllidae) of the Hawaiian Islands." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.24607" volume="3" year="1918">Crawford (1918)</bibRefCitation>
in the predominantly new world genus
<taxonomicName id="7BD7110428A70CA1E8C7353D6C712543" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kuwayama</taxonomicName>
based on the absence of genal processes (also referred to as genal cones or genae); Enderlein named this new genus
<taxonomicName id="5B0ADFC93CDD2D04C3F74BFC3E3BCCF8" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
, with the intention of highlighting this homoplasy: 'similarly without
<normalizedToken id="C690C041B253BBCB934B0EDA659C9661" originalValue="cones">cones'</normalizedToken>
, yet different from
<taxonomicName id="46243AC53DF439C7181D26ABF8561BD9" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kuwayama</taxonomicName>
. The name
<taxonomicName id="6F9969C6E57F1DC8853E8CA914641CD3" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
has therefore existed since 1926 as the nomenclaturally correct name for these three Hawaiian taxa, but
<taxonomicName id="70647A7B49C1085EF167D0BAADDD26B9" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
was not used in subsequent publications (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="A0EDDC6D9B318EF254D8323FA6DAD71E" author="Zimmerman, EC" journalOrPublisher="University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="11 - 38" title="Insects of Hawaii: Vol. V. Homoptera: Sternorhyncha: Superfamily Psylloidea" year="1948">Zimmerman 1948</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3DC678CCE910BED76E832AC642885027" author="Swezey, OH" journalOrPublisher="Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" title="Forest Entomology in Hawaii. Special Publication 44, Bernice P." year="1954">Swezey 1954</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2EF681F66F0AA39AE32E6376F9E28230" author="Nishida, T" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" pagination="255 - 262" title="Altitudinal distribution of endemic psyllids (Homoptera, Psyllidae) in the Metrosideros ecosystem." volume="23" year="1980">Nishida et al. 1980</bibRefCitation>
), and the use of
<taxonomicName id="B7473202CA03657FF5B6C2BFD7F81FF2" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kuwayama</taxonomicName>
persisted until noted in a revisionary classification of the
<taxonomicName id="78837193BEABF73B89EF6847332B742D" lsidName="Psylloidea" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="superfamily" superfamily="Psylloidea">Psylloidea</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="4BCFC0FD8A8F3180489781C8B7D769B0" author="Burckhardt, D" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 34" title="A revised classification of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3509.1.1" volume="3509" year="2012">Burckhardt and Ouvrard (2012)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2E6A783DE69F8C9A7A9517E8465934" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
The original placement of some taxa in
<taxonomicName id="85E92F5D693AB2EAAEE859AFFAC04CCC" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kuwayama</taxonomicName>
by Crawford (who also originally described the genus
<taxonomicName id="5E68B8E843462056D5953B28CE0287A2" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kuwayama</taxonomicName>
) was done with acknowledged reservations; characters used to define
<taxonomicName id="C524F3643064DEFDC97373D73A5DC578" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kuwayama</taxonomicName>
, such as the absence of genal processes (but with swellings below the bases of the antennae), enlarged clypeus, thorax as broad or broader than the head, and wing subacute to acute, are either not found at all, or not consistently found in
<taxonomicName id="349E7FA5C667E38C8126BA93E57BCB1D" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
. The reduced genal processes that are characteristic of the
<taxonomicName id="016CC002B550163EEFC87B1F6540843B" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea bicoloratus" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="bicoloratus">bicoloratus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A6A553D33053CBFAB49486E3000CC5B2" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea minutus" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="minutus">minutus</taxonomicName>
species groups are usually still visible between the bases of the antennae, and there are no distinct swellings below the antennae. Furthermore, the development of the genal processes in
<taxonomicName id="8F45D7EBA3E5D468E791AAA95A0D44F7" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
is highly variable and can even vary considerably within species (notably
<taxonomicName id="DC9E6C0F38C79D0E833BA9558F854468" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus gracilis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Pariaconus gracilis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DE0E645DCA26184BD9DFBDD8B648EF2E" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus oahuensis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oahuensis">Pariaconus oahuensis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0FADF1C88AE22C99AEEE6C6E8C810CAB" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus ohiacola" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ohiacola">Pariaconus ohiacola</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="412746E1A8E2D6027D82B881AD875D83" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus pele" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pele">Pariaconus pele</taxonomicName>
). Diminutive genal processes are considered the ancestral condition based on data presented here, with development of longer genal processes in more recently derived species (e.g. the
<taxonomicName id="DC8A8742FB96311B598A6E18B032F401" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohialoha" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="ohialoha">ohialoha</taxonomicName>
group).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BBD801712B01B3C089656D2EAA72FC2A" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="D39B5BEFCD8ADB3ABA8DD45E76B7B64A" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
is a monophyletic genus endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Four species groups within
<taxonomicName id="4F658C89A477145172C625B6319FDCAE" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
are recognized: the
<taxonomicName id="0E2B13A2DDBAE3B08B5EB1A16F483A8E" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea bicoloratus" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="bicoloratus">bicoloratus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0330777503E6E17F9A68AB83474C737C" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea minutus" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="minutus">minutus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A231078DC72BB4CFE3EFD3986A0F1F62" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea kamua" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="kamua">kamua</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="F047F0BDF2E02D32DE1E502B7D86BD58" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohialoha" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="ohialoha">ohialoha</taxonomicName>
groups. The taxa are morphologically remarkably diverse, making ancestral outgroup affiliations difficult to interpret, but they are neither allied to the type species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="51D7D61CF00F3159126FABCFA7011B83" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Trioza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trioza" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trioza</taxonomicName>
, nor to
<taxonomicName id="95766EFC54FB02A6DBD1789DC1F6B3EB" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kuwayama</taxonomicName>
. Nor are those members of
<taxonomicName id="BBDCA9E701AB55D081D31867C3C97E57" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
that were originally assigned to
<taxonomicName id="FCC5D4994977C07630D029FCCC99B728" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kuwayama</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="88DF48F6A98EFBBB4F131B5765081B2E" author="Crawford, DL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="430 - 457" title="The jumping plant lice (Family Psyllidae) of the Hawaiian Islands." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.24607" volume="3" year="1918">Crawford (1918)</bibRefCitation>
related to other Hawaiian taxa currently placed in
<taxonomicName id="C5D3CC9276521DAB6B018D1BB1CDF736" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kuwayama</taxonomicName>
that feed on
<taxonomicName id="B4486F35CDE9DF11C9FEEA7B513A90F6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pisonia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pisonia</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="02422E431D91F9E02523180DF22503F4" family="Nyctaginaceae" lsidName="Psylloidea" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="family">Nyctaginaceae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="0E812F986D21C23781EFFDB45243CE18" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Sideroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sideroxylon" order="Ericales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Sideroxylon</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="043345815C94EF4D05F2D66AA2BAAAF2" family="Sapotaceae" lsidName="Psylloidea" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="family">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="5C5F27331217A18B7B783DF76D6A8312" author="Caldwell, JS" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="389 - 397" title="New genera and species of jumping plant-lice from the Hawaiian Islands with descriptions of several immature stages (Homoptera: Psyllidae)." volume="10" year="1940">Caldwell 1940</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="221A019709806CACB80FDF8F1CA395C4" author="Uchida, GK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="213 - 218" title="Megatriozazanthoxyli, n. sp. (Homoptera: Psyllidae), with descriptions of adult and immature stages." volume="31" year="1992">Uchida and Beardsley 1992</bibRefCitation>
), nor are they related to other Hawaiian genera feeding on other plant families in the Hawaiian Islands. The
<taxonomicName id="5C4F6E48F50F7DAB7331A3AFE7351065" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
species are the only psyllids that feed on the family
<taxonomicName id="10F8D937B6285CC982DFA22A2F50B78E" family="Myrtaceae" lsidName="Psylloidea" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
in the Hawaiian Islands, but they are not closely related to other
<taxonomicName id="476952D02458118620F9BBFEFB84163F" family="Myrtaceae" lsidName="Psylloidea" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
-feeding taxa in the Pacific or Australasia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="022D3EB34EEFC21D9D5CFD7A3180C693" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
The original placement of some of the
<taxonomicName id="DBC5E16045529402695CBB9E8587D0A0" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
species in
<taxonomicName id="990FC9AA781231E55EC7EAB5C040BC9C" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Trioza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trioza" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trioza</taxonomicName>
reflects the use of the genus
<taxonomicName id="3D1903E6BEB18C43303E75F39675C38A" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Trioza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trioza" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trioza</taxonomicName>
as a default placement for triozid taxa with no clear affiliations. The width of the head in
<taxonomicName id="76056805347369B2C6630E72D142618D" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
is typically greater (
<taxonomicName id="0AB3DCCDEEFEB5BA111860AE7854D625" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea bicoloratus" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="bicoloratus">bicoloratus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="AFADCFD7F7EA3E69CFACD1B7B2B03B0A" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea minutus" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="minutus">minutus</taxonomicName>
groups) than that of the thorax, or subequal (
<taxonomicName id="990B3285D34646F5B5FD6170D47F1008" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea kamua" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="kamua">kamua</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="49647BFF13246F506EAD31C619D9BBD8" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohialoha" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="ohialoha">ohialoha</taxonomicName>
groups), but the fore wings do not have the long sinuous Rs vein present in the type species of
<taxonomicName id="1DB3302B782470C4FA4132ED8E8C81F8" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Trioza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trioza" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trioza</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="16436BA91EFB2F8FEB547498A2E66D86" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Trioza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trioza urticae" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="urticae">Trioza urticae</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="B9CD429F034ABF2FF0C8368289C451D7" originalValue="Linné">Linne</normalizedToken>
, 1758), and
<taxonomicName id="AF5516575CB8BC909BD0D19B6C1B0294" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kuwayama</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="566999AED2E97E5BA44925C7CFDC4FF1" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama medicaginis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medicaginis">Kuwayama medicaginis</taxonomicName>
(Crawford, 1910). The basal metatibial spur arrangement is typically 2+1 in
<taxonomicName id="B40103345C56019EC03F716E04F87F2E" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
, which is the same as
<taxonomicName id="B01E2E3E6BF057DB75C39B635F31E54E" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Kuwayama" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kuwayama medicaginis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medicaginis">Kuwayama medicaginis</taxonomicName>
, but differs from the 3+1 in
<taxonomicName id="2B1E03C7279F68AC3A9BF4A306816363" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Trioza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trioza urticae" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="urticae">Trioza urticae</taxonomicName>
. However, this character, normally considered fixed and di
<pageBreakToken id="13CA2961C9FF56F4431DD9A4E26D6FB3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">agnostic</pageBreakToken>
of species or even genera, can be variable within populations in
<taxonomicName id="5211C47E16CB0E5787633C532C758A63" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 4
<normalizedToken id="0B378F72E1C7B1D883B0D10EA06E7B97" originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
), with one population of
<taxonomicName id="EBC186B1841A85395CCB5C1834007071" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus hawaiiensis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">Pariaconus hawaiiensis</taxonomicName>
including individuals with a single spur, or 2+1, or 3+1. Similar variation was noted by
<bibRefCitation id="FCB0674A47017C574B35D67328AB065D" author="Crawford, DL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="430 - 457" title="The jumping plant lice (Family Psyllidae) of the Hawaiian Islands." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.24607" volume="3" year="1918">Crawford (1918)</bibRefCitation>
for
<taxonomicName id="2DC7F8C0CD24E88F669D40A2A4DEFCED" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus oahuensis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oahuensis">Pariaconus oahuensis</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="15033F02326970D780DF06684899D1EB" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus lanaiensis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanaiensis">Pariaconus lanaiensis</taxonomicName>
, see also note on this character in relation to
<taxonomicName id="BD7D7952934751DF55C305D6D46EDA9B" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Trioza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trioza eugeniae" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eugeniae">Trioza eugeniae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="678ABD69E519C3489482E27A10EC8301" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Trioza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trioza adventicia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adventicia">Trioza adventicia</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130277595FBCC966F00889933CDF4CB7" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">In this study, broad species concepts are combined with the recognition of morphological forms (infrasubspecific names as per ICZN) to convey the extent and distribution of morphological variation. Some forms recognized here may warrant subsequent recognition at species level.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5E8089E95611A4AC09167C5529488B2F" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="key">
<paragraph id="5A4AE3BAC0711BEF7BFCC3C699953DD8" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Adult key to
<taxonomicName id="97116C6D99AC6BFFE439A30C7FAD779F" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
species groups
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB593A85570563B3700E93C84B7411" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<table id="26E1A9048A21133B2E81D7F77051E359" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<tr id="23DF19281E3C9C00279A26B87D73B5F1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<td id="9A0E085C384DA9C130C37D7957DCA85C" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
See key to
<taxonomicName id="4619EC419FE49F8E44E336E376DB371E" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea kamua" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="kamua">kamua</taxonomicName>
species group
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FFF45541EAA6317B58D7323169227D2" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<td id="22AAAF998B83F0FE71238CFC17B8B08D" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5894477166C9C5DBEFC089917957665B" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<td id="C500C321895A4528CCB343CBD29E911E" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">VLGPALHWFPRLELEW</td>
<td id="D7DAD123AA35FA47A0445C691EE9F0C0" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
See key to
<taxonomicName id="FAF7D1C9D3FBB8736CC8B80AE6B63E2D" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea bicoloratus" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="bicoloratus">bicoloratus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D5C7A0D38A4D72080FEBD97EDE3B14AE" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea minutus" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="minutus">minutus</taxonomicName>
species groups
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C18DCB92C0657EDA194F47C34C01770C" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<td id="2D8A36BE8B34D4203FEEEF645D011C82" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
VLGPVLGP
<taxonomicName id="B73A6062A610043F55FCD4867940F904" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus oahuensis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oahuensis">Pariaconus oahuensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="DCBD05AFB5943FB250BE0B715C802010" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus ohiacola" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ohiacola">Pariaconus ohiacola</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="918F550687BABDCBCDE00C4B37664AB6" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus montgomeri" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montgomeri">Pariaconus montgomeri</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="184DBA20BD5B5A4B0B7B7C37B9906F28" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus pyramidalis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyramidalis">Pariaconus pyramidalis</taxonomicName>
ALHWFPRLELEW
</td>
<td id="456FE08AEF176A9DD2651AE44FA1855E" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
See key to
<taxonomicName id="87F4E3A22269C6B7B9C957EA87229D6A" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohialoha" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="ohialoha">ohialoha</taxonomicName>
species group
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="077410FE6AF40246E24AE87E55B7C006" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="key">
<paragraph id="502A227D08066664568D3F328B7A3E8C" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Adult key to
<taxonomicName id="93144FF76ECFECF52658858C286D31B6" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pariaconus</taxonomicName>
species in the
<taxonomicName id="E472CBF7FBB711823558CC625B5715D2" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea bicoloratus" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="bicoloratus">bicoloratus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="08F9799298AE0A40759F25A366940D54" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea minutus" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="minutus">minutus</taxonomicName>
species groups (found on Oahu, Molokai, Maui, Hawaii)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C1485D0331FD75322716A0F9419CD436" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<table id="B08AA27EBD96C2E0B1DF860C49283107" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<tr id="44C10AF10AC1626535A254D9A5335A08" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<td id="173AAE69288EF7C3B832E938904E6A07" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8DE8B4E02D7D732A72FF1D95166C9AC6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<td id="E6DDB35A9B3C18BD25995842E32FA605" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="32EA497B8E200895DE1DF4229491C108" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus gibbosus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbosus">Pariaconus gibbosus</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="D9CD1B21D1CA37FD565DDA90A4CFDDC6" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CC4A5EC4CBB0F89936A385E22862D8BC" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<td id="0B84A2B458EDE57521F687DEB0997206" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">WLWW14</td>
<td id="285C140F322BBF77E8465F356CC010DE" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="87E5EDE1041110E2147BFD5E3C2508B4" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus liliha" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liliha">Pariaconus liliha</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="600EB78027D2D2D6A2372B0996CAD6E0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<td id="5C480440C150C7BF2B0D7B6EFAB9E3B6" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">WLWW</td>
<td id="AA3F44C60DF3D8572FE9269428CCB800" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C4DA4DDE318C445A1C8F42EAC600CCF4" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<td id="725154653A33EA5B7C50AD2BAC6B4F3C" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">PLMPPL8</td>
<td id="19080DE2AB22C275F63E50E4F91A162B" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="3453743BB2C59941F3CBE292779511C5" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus wyvernus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wyvernus">Pariaconus wyvernus</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D45EF0A606C6BBB8C88CC28C90216D2B" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<td id="4F185665D485CCE0D87D599F81B0172B" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">PLMPPL</td>
<td id="4B7B4AC073157D45B91C114700C0678D" colspan="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8A6C41C48C9083DF4CF1563B97492D9E" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="35F267EA8E55164E900BA513122B56C9" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
<pageBreakToken id="89A3D264ACB93A7E4648A506CE512742" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">AELPLAEL</pageBreakToken>
12
</td>
<td id="A7FEA78A6EE2FD970107A934E0902E82" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="C1BB6C4D37E68D44415A658F2D3A9498" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus poliahu" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poliahu">Pariaconus poliahu</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="545C12082224602017EF2E34DF8AE41E" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="D107A2E7992C701CBC31AA7EC2AAC655" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">AELPLAEL</td>
<td id="9105A85CF985765D60434A7F17E46283" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="777F7C6005FE7ED0203F0C19549D803F" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="23C24808B29DAC0837CCA86AFE57581B" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">7</td>
<td id="DC30CDA80B57F71FBBEFB95033DFBB96" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="58292CF874F9F6F69E42877C23355AE1" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus hina" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hina">Pariaconus hina</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9031215720E94F44184FE362BF52DE45" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="9B55BB6FAE8135A3467A780E5B4948DF" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">5</td>
<td id="64A0A0AD99F2C5ABF53B9FCDA85C6486" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="5483935D81B5410C0D55EAAC78CB1F17" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus nigricapitus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricapitus">Pariaconus nigricapitus</taxonomicName>
(Crawford, 1918)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5F400BB5A0316F028D60D9A5AD71FE2C" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="102DA7A21F15D6AED9B5065BFC480847" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
FPRL
<taxonomicName id="A3AA31755D9BE59943BB0BA741784CE7" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus lona" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lona">Pariaconus lona</taxonomicName>
13
</td>
<td id="1DF8C3C9F9AB953D26F54D0961C0D2B7" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="61E020114ACD063FFFD08F405375A7BD" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="E5D0E9CAA2DBB9C7CC1A989F5E1B5B20" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
FPRL
<taxonomicName id="367272AE58E048E0FD87DB860DBDD9EF" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus gracilis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Pariaconus gracilis</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="2B7DB9733ADB1B41A93536DC9160A97F" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EA22D2651620F732BD6C8DC4FAF3F4FA" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="DC889D5F07F3544B85361CE7257D63CE" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">WLHWFP10</td>
<td id="6206D98776636632B067539AB5BE6B01" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="C65C9F2BB33F4A447548B7B597FEE52D" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus kapo" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kapo">Pariaconus kapo</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FF173E5E29F46D3D6746DC0048605908" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="3504E3F54B9B1D01B2E4DD8D505B40B6" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">WLHWFP</td>
<td id="5A7DB4F663D8F72AEEB9D0AF78D26FA0" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0D53560591F464F92BD4FFFDB2BECCC5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="57D4217A7F2CD0539D4A088871AB6B6B" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">FP13</td>
<td id="A935FE103624257B19F18A6F08255B62" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="F1EA7CA4E97D7922CC986F1125C65420" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus lona" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lona">Pariaconus lona</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="451F303968EB04C83CE807493591BC73" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="CA108C24073EF445E73BE18C122DE27E" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">FP9</td>
<td id="F6277D789D0A511EC9C0DC59A2B07998" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="2801B53081533A2B9AA0F871D28B547C" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus nigrilineatus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrilineatus">Pariaconus nigrilineatus</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EA14C510D3E38C02E46449540FF98DA" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="136CB5302FEA6AB4BE693C202E308A0E" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">FPSPPLAEL</td>
<td id="5E696199FA5DCAFCE4D8029BAC499A23" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">10</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9A1B6E957A71145C6180910098294442" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="4D8CE5477685ADA5611EC05C60F9AFD8" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">FPSPPLAEL</td>
<td id="BCFAB0C3C5F6915804C5530F7B203845" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="797CFDFCF3CAACA222E416ABAFE48262" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="649CB2C4208932AA86B26B58DEC43CDA" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">WLWW18</td>
<td id="0CE8E8E65856A136331BBDD80584E854" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="886C9A4DD233739C6E18C11BA3EB4479" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus namaka" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namaka">Pariaconus namaka</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E2BB88D6DBA9828CEF46CAB953AEF6A8" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="AEDE7721EB29238A684715748D9EF76E" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">WLWW17</td>
<td id="B3817F5F539895858EC453ECE8F0D72A" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="E3BADE0D17559BEBF8E7659F85B314F1" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus dorsostriatus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsostriatus">Pariaconus dorsostriatus</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C86BD83B3DB8F9A742DE3FD4959C5EEB" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="5B1717F5D78A9B408C8ED6EC61D9DE19" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">PBFPFPHWALHWMPPL11</td>
<td id="45A0755A21AFB2E714C51279035B7EC1" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="EB819A0A0BF0068829EAF200D3AFA931" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus proboscideus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proboscideus">Pariaconus proboscideus</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B23AB413010C61D5666AA790FCFD8B79" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<td id="35F3D2A73320B96F2FFA4281D1B66FD3" colspan="1" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rowspan="1">
PBFPFPHW
<pageBreakToken id="27D8B3555C8BB04E6A276E76F10766BE" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">ALHWMPPL</pageBreakToken>
</td>
<td id="81092C524C77CC2471778F53731B6A6A" colspan="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rowspan="1">12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDCB1E15DC164DDBD5C8EF942FE8A6F" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<td id="5E6AC217E847802B2EA4386CE671035D" colspan="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rowspan="1">PLSHPLHWHWHT16</td>
<td id="4F15F29FF476DC610F50E3871A6C9C1E" colspan="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="11024DA4260CA79C08F0BE4BD9556633" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus gracilis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Pariaconus gracilis</taxonomicName>
(Crawford, 1918)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FDDB6F3E1953B1C2E1C31825FF94E1F8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<td id="C176B6CCF740842C9063FA325C195E20" colspan="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rowspan="1">PLSHPLHWHWHT</td>
<td id="67C627498D0069A8C800FFEA580DD593" colspan="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rowspan="1">13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="98D696AF0D1C6E6183A0BDC25677C255" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<td id="F574C3D09E4B6DC6F2CC9F981707FDC0" colspan="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rowspan="1">PLAELFPRLFPHW20</td>
<td id="E94A7FDB73D9C05CD781F29CFDF0AB59" colspan="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="75F07BF0FA2F3AE0879B81D34273CB7D" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus gibbosus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbosus">Pariaconus gibbosus</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E0205E2ED8CAD79652E3D8D3093A86CE" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<td id="F2678846BC80A598AED8D550226CFD9F" colspan="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rowspan="1">PLAELFPRLFPHW19</td>
<td id="79B5A611FC51AF2A063EC462D3C4110F" colspan="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="CE970FFC84D4708F7AF7B0DD65BF7318" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus minutus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">Pariaconus minutus</taxonomicName>
(Crawford, 1918)
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>