322 lines
48 KiB
XML
322 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175" ID-GBIF-Dataset="05cafb6c-7551-4d94-a925-f6659d277dcf" ID-PMC="PMC7456426" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-156-81" ID-Pensoft-UUID="81BD8602478558B5A24CE462B0574555" ID-PubMed="32913410" ModsDocID="1314-2003-156-81" checkinTime="1598112893941" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pujana, Roberto R., Wilf, Peter & Gandolfo, Maria A." docDate="2020" docId="A43C9C00E954598DAA48937E2591DBDC" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 156: 81-102" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 156" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175" docTitle="Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum Gothan 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="81BD8602478558B5A24CE462B0574555" lastPageNumber="81" masterDocId="81BD8602478558B5A24CE462B0574555" masterDocTitle="Conifer wood assemblage dominated by Podocarpaceae, early Eocene of Laguna del Hunco, central Argentinean Patagonia" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="81" pageNumber="81" updateTime="1668139957736" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Conifer wood assemblage dominated by Podocarpaceae, early Eocene of Laguna del Hunco, central Argentinean Patagonia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pujana, Roberto R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, Ciudad de Buenos Aires 1405, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8006-3332</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rpujana@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wilf, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Geosciences and Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA 16802, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6813-1937</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gandolfo, Maria A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>LH Bailey Hortorium, Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>156</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>81</mods:start>
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<mods:end>102</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-156-81</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">81BD8602478558B5A24CE462B0574555</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="167292888" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A43C9C00E954598DAA48937E2591DBDC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A43C9C00E954598DAA48937E2591DBDC" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName LSID="A43C9C00-E954-598D-AA48-937E2591DBDC" authority="Gothan" authorityName="Gothan" authorityYear="1905" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Phyllocladoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antarcticum">Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum Gothan</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Figure 3A-L</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Studied material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">MPEF-Pb 10707, 10710, 10747, 10765, 10767, 10773 and 10776.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="localities">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Localities.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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LU6, LU15 and LU22 at Laguna del Hunco (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Location map and satellite images (Instituto Geografico Nacional de la Republica Argentina, upper, and Google, CNES / Airbus, below) showing the Laguna del Hunco section and sampling locations. Scale in the satellite image below (tilted) varies across the map." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444201" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">1</figureCitation>
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, Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Geographical coordinates of the localities where the fossils were collected." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/FE0E2F0754B3B033A5E82964E8BDEA5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" tableUuid="FE0E2F0754B3B033A5E82964E8BDEA5E">1</tableCitation>
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), Chubut Province, Argentina.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="stratigraphic provenance">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Stratigraphic provenance.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Tufolitas Laguna del Hunco, Huitrera Formation (Ypresian, early Eocene).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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Growth ring boundaries are distinct (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3A, B</figureCitation>
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), latewood with ca. 3-10 rows of tracheids (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3B</figureCitation>
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). Tracheids are roundish to polygonal as seen in transverse section (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3B, C</figureCitation>
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). Intertracheary pitting in radial walls is abietinean, mostly uniseriate, rarely biseriate (Si= 1.03), mostly non contiguous (Cp= 11.9%), and opposite when biseriate (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3D-F</figureCitation>
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). Intertracheary pits are rounded in outline; 18.3 (12.5-26.4, SD = 1.9)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in vertical diameter (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3D-F</figureCitation>
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). Tracheid tangential diameter is 33.2 (16.3-56.6, SD = 4.7)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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. Cross-fields have mostly 1, very rarely 2, mean 1.04, pits per cross-field (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3G-I</figureCitation>
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). Cross-field pits are ellipsoidal with simple borders (rarely with narrow borders) and sometimes pointed; 13.0 (7.8-17.6, SD = 1.6)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in vertical diameter (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3G-I</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Schematic drawing of the cross-fields: A Protophyllocladoxylon francisiae B cf. Cupressinoxylon sp. 1 C Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum D cf. Cupressinoxylon sp. 2. Scale bar: 50 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444206" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">6C</figureCitation>
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). Wall alteration (not helical thickening) of the secondary walls of tracheids is observed (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3J</figureCitation>
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). Horizontal walls of ray parenchyma cells are smooth (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3G, H</figureCitation>
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). Average ray height is medium, 8.2 (1-34, SD = 5.0) cells high, rays are exclusively uniseriate (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3K, L</figureCitation>
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) and with a frequency of 6.5 (3-11, SD = 0.2) rays per mm.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gothan" authorityYear="1905" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Phyllocladoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antarcticum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">A</emphasis>
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Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">B</emphasis>
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detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">C</emphasis>
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detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">D</emphasis>
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opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">E</emphasis>
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uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">F</emphasis>
|
|
uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">G</emphasis>
|
|
cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">H</emphasis>
|
|
cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">I</emphasis>
|
|
cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">J</emphasis>
|
|
wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">K</emphasis>
|
|
uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">L</emphasis>
|
|
uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">A</emphasis>
|
|
); 200
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">B, K</emphasis>
|
|
); 100
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">C, L</emphasis>
|
|
); 50
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">D, F, G, H, I, J</emphasis>
|
|
); 20
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">E</emphasis>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
|
Abietinean intertracheary radial pitting and cross-fields with usually one large simple pit (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2007.09.004" author="Philippe, M" journalOrPublisher="Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="184 - 207" refId="B34" refString="Philippe, M, Bamford, MK, 2008. A key to morphogenera used for Mesozoic conifer-like woods. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 148 (2-4): 184 - 207, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2007.09.004" title="A key to morphogenera used for Mesozoic conifer-like woods." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2007.09.004" volume="148" year="2008">Philippe and Bamford 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) are the observed key characters, allowing confident placement of these Patagonian woods within
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="W.Gothan" authorityYear="1905" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Phyllocladoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllocladoxylon" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Phyllocladoxylon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Distinct growth ring boundaries, absence of axial parenchyma and resin plugs, and predominantly uniseriate radial pitting are characteristics of the species
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gothan" authorityYear="1905" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Phyllocladoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antarcticum">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Gothan, W" journalOrPublisher="Ichnos" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" refId="B19" refString="Gothan, W, 1908. Die fossilen Hoelzer von der Seymour und Snow Hill insel. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Suedpolar Expedition 1901-1903(3): 1-33." title="Die fossilen Hoelzer von der Seymour und Snow Hill insel. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Suedpolar Expedition 1901 - 1903 (3): 1 - 33." year="1908">Gothan 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" author="Pujana, RR" journalOrPublisher="Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="122 - 137" refId="B37" refString="Pujana, RR, Santillana, SN, Marenssi, SA, 2014. Conifer fossil woods from the La Meseta Formation (Eocene of Western Antarctica): Evidence of Podocarpaceae -dominated forests. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 200: 122 - 137, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" title="Conifer fossil woods from the La Meseta Formation (Eocene of Western Antarctica): Evidence of Podocarpaceae - dominated forests." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" volume="200" year="2014">Pujana et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
|
Specimen MPEF-Pb 10767 frequently has biseriate opposite pits (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum: A Growth rings of type D (TS), MPEF-Pb 10747 B detail of a growth ring of type D boundary (TS), MPEF-Pb 10776 C detail of roundish tracheids (TS), MPEF-Pb 10765 D opposite contiguous biseriate intertracheary radial pits (arrowheads) (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 E uniseriate non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (scanning electron microscope, SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 F uniseriate contiguous (arrowheads) and non contiguous intertracheary radial pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10776 G cross-fields with large simple pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10707 H cross-fields with large pointed and narrow-bordered pits (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10765 I cross-fields with large simple pits (SEM), MPEF-Pb 10710 J wall alteration of the secondary walls of tracheids (RLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 K uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10767 L uniseriate rays (TLS), MPEF-Pb 10747. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 200 μm (B, K); 100 μm (C, L); 50 μm (D, F, G, H, I, J); 20 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.156.54175.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/444203" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3D</figureCitation>
|
|
), and wider (in tangential section) tracheids, similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Krausel" authorityYear="1939" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Protophyllocladoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Protophyllocladoxylon" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Protophyllocladoxylon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. However, most of its pits are non-contiguous (Cp= 23.1%), the growth rings are wider, and it has one pit per cross-field, all of which are features of the species
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gothan" authorityYear="1905" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Phyllocladoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antarcticum">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Two other specimens, MPEF-Pb 10733 and 10778, are not very well preserved and are assigned to cf.
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. antarcticum" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rank="species" species="antarcticum">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. antarcticum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
because two of the main characters (intertracheary radial pitting and cross-fields) are poorly preserved and therefore barely discernible (Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Wood anatomy of studied conifer samples. Locality (LU); Seriation index (Si); Contiguity percentage (Cp) [%]; Mean vertical diameter of radial pits (VDRP) [μm]; Mean tracheid tangential diameter (TTD) [μm]; Mean pits per cross-field (PxCF); Mean vertical diameter of cross-field pits (VDCP) [μm]; Mean ray height (RH) [cells]; Mean rays per mm (RxM). * indicates fewer than 15 measurements." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/1D6F31EA32A21DDBB45A598840947C2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" tableUuid="1D6F31EA32A21DDBB45A598840947C2D">2</tableCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gothan" authorityYear="1905" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Phyllocladoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antarcticum">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is the most common species in our sample of conifer woods from Laguna del Hunco. In Patagonia, it was previously recorded in the Cretaceous (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Nishida, M" editor="Nishida, M" journalOrPublisher="Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Chiba" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="21 - 29" refId="B30" refString="Nishida, M, Ohsawa, T, Rancusi, MH, 1990. Miscellaneous notes on the petrified coniferous woods from central Chilean Patagonia, XI Region, Chile. In: Nishida, M, Ed., A report of the paleobotanical survey to Patagonia, Chile (1989). Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Chiba: 21 - 29" title="Miscellaneous notes on the petrified coniferous woods from central Chilean Patagonia, XI Region, Chile." volumeTitle="A report of the paleobotanical survey to Patagonia, Chile (1989)." year="1990">Nishida et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), Eocene (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/22941932-40190253" author="Pujana, RR" journalOrPublisher="IAWA Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="596 - 626" refId="B36" refString="Pujana, RR, Ruiz, DP, 2019. Fossil woods from the Eocene-Oligocene (Rio Turbio Formation) of southwestern Patagonia (Santa Cruz Province, Argentina). IAWA Journal 40 (3): 596 - 626, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/22941932-40190253" title="Fossil woods from the Eocene-Oligocene (Rio Turbio Formation) of southwestern Patagonia (Santa Cruz Province, Argentina)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/22941932-40190253" volume="40" year="2019">Pujana and Ruiz 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), and in sediments of unknown ages (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kraeusel, R" journalOrPublisher="Arkiv foer Botanik" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 36" refId="B26" refString="Kraeusel, R, 1924. Beitraege zur Kenntnis der fossilen Flora Suedamerikas 1. Fossile Hoelzer aus Patagonien und benachbarten Gebieten. Arkiv foer Botanik 19: 1 - 36" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis der fossilen Flora Suedamerikas 1. Fossile Hoelzer aus Patagonien und benachbarten Gebieten." volume="19" year="1924">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kräusel">Kraeusel</normalizedToken>
|
|
1924
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). On the Antarctic Peninsula, the fossil-species is the dominant component of the Eocene of Seymour/Marambio Island wood flora (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Torres, T" journalOrPublisher="Serie Cientifica Instituto Antartico Chileno" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="17 - 38" refId="B51" refString="Torres, T, Marenssi, SA, Santillana, SN, 1994. Maderas fosiles de la isla Seymour, Formacion La Meseta, Antartica. Serie Cientifica Instituto Antartico Chileno 44: 17 - 38" title="Maderas fosiles de la isla Seymour, Formacion La Meseta, Antartica." volume="44" year="1994">Torres et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" author="Pujana, RR" journalOrPublisher="Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="122 - 137" refId="B37" refString="Pujana, RR, Santillana, SN, Marenssi, SA, 2014. Conifer fossil woods from the La Meseta Formation (Eocene of Western Antarctica): Evidence of Podocarpaceae -dominated forests. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 200: 122 - 137, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" title="Conifer fossil woods from the La Meseta Formation (Eocene of Western Antarctica): Evidence of Podocarpaceae - dominated forests." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" volume="200" year="2014">Pujana et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and a common component of wood floras from the Late Cretaceous of James Ross Island (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2017.04.016" author="Pujana, RR" journalOrPublisher="Cretaceous Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="28 - 38" refId="B40" refString="Pujana, RR, Raffi, ME, Olivero, EB, 2017. Conifer fossil woods from the Santa Marta Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Brandy Bay, James Ross Island, Antarctica. Cretaceous Research 77: 28 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2017.04.016" title="Conifer fossil woods from the Santa Marta Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Brandy Bay, James Ross Island, Antarctica." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2017.04.016" volume="77" year="2017">Pujana et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), the Paleocene of Seymour/Marambio Island (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.07.010" author="Pujana, RR" journalOrPublisher="Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="56 - 66" refId="B38" refString="Pujana, RR, Marenssi, SA, Santillana, SN, 2015. Fossil woods from the Cross Valley Formation (Paleocene of Western Antarctica): Araucariaceae -dominated forests. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 222: 56 - 66, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.07.010" title="Fossil woods from the Cross Valley Formation (Paleocene of Western Antarctica): Araucariaceae - dominated forests." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.07.010" volume="222" year="2015">Pujana et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5710/AMGH.27.07.2017.3095" author="Mirabelli, SL" journalOrPublisher="Ameghiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="91 - 108" refId="B29" refString="Mirabelli, SL, Pujana, RR, Marenssi, SA, Santillana, SN, 2018. Conifer fossil woods from the Sobral Formation (lower Paleocene, Western Antarctica). Ameghiniana 55 (1): 91 - 108, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5710/AMGH.27.07.2017.3095" title="Conifer fossil woods from the Sobral Formation (lower Paleocene, Western Antarctica)." url="https://doi.org/10.5710/AMGH.27.07.2017.3095" volume="55" year="2018">Mirabelli et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), and the Eocene of the Fildes Peninsula of King George/25 de Mayo Island (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Torres, T" journalOrPublisher="Serie Cientifica Instituto Antartico Chileno" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="69 - 107" refId="B50" refString="Torres, T, Lemoigne, Y, 1988. Maderas fosiles terciarias de la Formacion Caleta Arctowski, isla Rey Jorge, Antartica. Serie Cientifica Instituto Antartico Chileno 37: 69 - 107" title="Maderas fosiles terciarias de la Formacion Caleta Arctowski, isla Rey Jorge, Antartica." volume="37" year="1988">Torres and Lemoigne 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/spp2.1256" author="Oh, C" journalOrPublisher="Papers in Palaeontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 29" refId="B32" refString="Oh, C, Philippe, M, McLoughlin, S, Woo, J, Leppe, M, Torres, T, Park, TYS, Choi, HG, 2020. New fossil woods from lower Cenozoic volcano-sedimentary rocks of the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, and the implications for the trans-Antarctic Peninsula Eocene climatic gradient. Papers in Palaeontology 6 (1): 1 - 29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/spp2.1256" title="New fossil woods from lower Cenozoic volcano-sedimentary rocks of the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, and the implications for the trans-Antarctic Peninsula Eocene climatic gradient." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/spp2.1256" volume="6" year="2020">Oh et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Torres, T" journalOrPublisher="Serie Cientifica Instituto Antartico Chileno" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="69 - 107" refId="B50" refString="Torres, T, Lemoigne, Y, 1988. Maderas fosiles terciarias de la Formacion Caleta Arctowski, isla Rey Jorge, Antartica. Serie Cientifica Instituto Antartico Chileno 37: 69 - 107" title="Maderas fosiles terciarias de la Formacion Caleta Arctowski, isla Rey Jorge, Antartica." volume="37" year="1988">Torres and Lemoigne (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
suggested a possible relationship of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. antarcticum" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rank="species" species="antarcticum">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. antarcticum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
with the extant genera
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Phyllocladaceae" genus="Phyllocladus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllocladus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Phyllocladus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Rich.,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Dacrydium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dacrydium" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Dacrydium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Sol. ex G.Forst.,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Microcachrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microcachrys" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Microcachrys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Hook.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Prumnopitys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prumnopitys" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Prumnopitys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Phil., and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Podocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podocarpus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Podocarpus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Labill.
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" author="Pujana, RR" journalOrPublisher="Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="122 - 137" refId="B37" refString="Pujana, RR, Santillana, SN, Marenssi, SA, 2014. Conifer fossil woods from the La Meseta Formation (Eocene of Western Antarctica): Evidence of Podocarpaceae -dominated forests. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 200: 122 - 137, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" title="Conifer fossil woods from the La Meseta Formation (Eocene of Western Antarctica): Evidence of Podocarpaceae - dominated forests." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" volume="200" year="2014">Pujana et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
suggested affinities with several basal extant
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Podocarpaceae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rank="family">Podocarpaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
: the prumnopityoid clade (including
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Phyllocladaceae" genus="Phyllocladus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllocladus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Phyllocladus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Prumnopitys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prumnopitys" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Prumnopitys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Microstrobos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microstrobos" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Microstrobos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Garden and LAS Johnson, and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Microcachrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microcachrys" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Microcachrys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00381.x" author="Knopf, P" journalOrPublisher="Cladistics" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="271 - 299" refId="B25" refString="Knopf, P, Schulz, C, Little, DP, Stu, T, Dennis, W, 2012. Relationships within Podocarpaceae based on DNA sequence, anatomical, morphological, and biogeographical data. Cladistics 28 (3): 271 - 299, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00381.x" title="Relationships within Podocarpaceae based on DNA sequence, anatomical, morphological, and biogeographical data." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00381.x" volume="28" year="2012">Knopf et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
); all of those taxa share with the fossils similar wood anatomy, abietinean radial pitting, and, predominantly, one large simple pit per cross-field (
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|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" author="Pujana, RR" journalOrPublisher="Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="122 - 137" refId="B37" refString="Pujana, RR, Santillana, SN, Marenssi, SA, 2014. Conifer fossil woods from the La Meseta Formation (Eocene of Western Antarctica): Evidence of Podocarpaceae -dominated forests. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 200: 122 - 137, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" title="Conifer fossil woods from the La Meseta Formation (Eocene of Western Antarctica): Evidence of Podocarpaceae - dominated forests." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2013.09.001" volume="200" year="2014">Pujana et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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Recently, a compressed branch bearing phylloclades from Laguna del Hunco was assigned to the newly described fossil-genus
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Huncocladus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Huncocladus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Huncocladus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Andruchow-Colombo et al., a stem relative of
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Phyllocladaceae" genus="Phyllocladus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllocladus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Phyllocladus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/SB18043" author="Andruchow-Colombo, A" journalOrPublisher="Australian Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="290 - 309" refId="B1" refString="Andruchow-Colombo, A, Wilf, P, Escapa, IH, 2019. A South American fossil relative of Phyllocladus: Huncocladus laubenfelsii gen. et sp. nov. (Podocarpaceae), from the early Eocene of Laguna del Hunco, Patagonia, Argentina. Australian Systematic Botany 32: 290 - 309, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/SB18043" title="A South American fossil relative of Phyllocladus: Huncocladus laubenfelsii gen. et sp. nov. (Podocarpaceae), from the early Eocene of Laguna del Hunco, Patagonia, Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/SB18043" volume="32" year="2019">Andruchow-Colombo et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
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), and pollen having affinity with
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Microcachrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microcachrys" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Microcachrys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1086/708386" author="Barreda, VD" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Plant Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="594 - 615" refId="B5" refString="Barreda, VD, Zamaloa, MC, Gandolfo, MA, Jaramillo, C, Wilf, P, 2020. Early Eocene spore and pollen assemblages from the Laguna del Hunco fossil-lake beds, Patagonia, Argentina. International Journal of Plant Sciences 181 (6): 594 - 615, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/708386" title="Early Eocene spore and pollen assemblages from the Laguna del Hunco fossil-lake beds, Patagonia, Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1086/708386" volume="181" year="2020">Barreda et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
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) was also reported from Laguna del Hunco. These fossils could be related to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gothan" authorityYear="1905" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Phyllocladoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antarcticum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, although more evidence is necessary to confirm this hypothesis.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Laub" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Poepp. ex Endl." class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Prumnopitys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prumnopitys andina" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Prumnopitys andina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Poepp. ex Endl.) de Laub., the only extant species of its genus from Patagonia, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gothan" authorityYear="1905" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Phyllocladoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antarcticum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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share similar wood anatomy (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2017.04.016" author="Pujana, RR" journalOrPublisher="Cretaceous Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" pagination="28 - 38" refId="B40" refString="Pujana, RR, Raffi, ME, Olivero, EB, 2017. Conifer fossil woods from the Santa Marta Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Brandy Bay, James Ross Island, Antarctica. Cretaceous Research 77: 28 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2017.04.016" title="Conifer fossil woods from the Santa Marta Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Brandy Bay, James Ross Island, Antarctica." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2017.04.016" volume="77" year="2017">Pujana et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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), and it is possible that the fossil-species could be related to the extant
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. andina" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rank="species" species="andina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. andina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |