310 lines
38 KiB
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310 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="24962" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.66.38022" ID-GBIF-Dataset="088c8bf5-09d1-4863-b376-7407db93f7a3" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-2-147" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EF5776BCF202539AB883F064A271DC07" ID-ZooBank="1C96C480B8BA4D63BBF468566D57EA73" ModsDocID="1860-1324-2-147" checkinTime="1573015853547" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2019" docId="A41B85ABB2215842976B0E4D9591DDE1" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 66(2): 147-177" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 66 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.66.38022" docTitle="Tropopterus montagnei Solier" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="EF5776BCF202539AB883F064A271DC07" lastPageNumber="147" masterDocId="EF5776BCF202539AB883F064A271DC07" masterDocTitle="Revision of Tropopterus Solier: A disjunct South American component of the Australo-Pacific Moriomorphini (Coleoptera, Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="177" masterPageNumber="147" pageNumber="147" updateTime="1732747147562" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="74E4B3C4DD1810C08676FEA35767565B">Revision of Tropopterus Solier: A disjunct South American component of the Australo-Pacific Moriomorphini (Coleoptera, Carabidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C97E5DDE74333BC2CC1FFAA5AA0AF3EB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="86336203E0CE6E901A2776E8785FB4CC">Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8378F5751F21DB35F4767CFEB3959DB4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BF02E35C5100E1849872680E80EC4E6E">Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E29F1D78EEF12BDBD444B119DC85E75A">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DDA0783DC271992E10C4F6673FB29287">66</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9A2ED5B0967DDB88FC943CE020D56C7A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C932FFC67C062B5979FFCD025D03F64B" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.66.38022</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A41B85ABB2215842976B0E4D9591DDE1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160140715" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A41B85ABB2215842976B0E4D9591DDE1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A41B85ABB2215842976B0E4D9591DDE1" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" scope_family="Carabidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_tribe="Moriomorphini">
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<subSubSection id="9C35D7DAF86B4D042994EAE94CB3764F" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C9E406FDBD9A07972F46DEFB1055DA08" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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1.
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<taxonomicName id="CD7FA7869F722C05E12DC9C4CAA2878B" ID-CoL="59D8F" LSID="A41B85AB-B221-5842-976B-0E4D9591DDE1" authority="Solier" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tropopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropopterus montagnei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montagnei">Tropopterus montagnei Solier</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="B2960E82EAFB24575AB6F70DCE52BC94" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tropopterus spp., dorsal view; range of standardized body lengths in mm. A. T. montagnei female; Petorca Prov., Q. Tigre Zapallar, Catapilco (MNHN). B. T. giraudyi female; Valdivia Prov., Chaihuin (EMEC). C. T. peckorum male; Quillota Prov., P. N. La Campana (FMNH). D. T. robustus female; Malleco Prov., M. N. Contulmo (FMNH). E. T. canaliculus female; Malleco Prov., P. N. Nahuelbuta (FMNH). F. T. duponchelii male; Arauco Prov., Caramavida (MCZ)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354024" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure1">Figures 1A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="04F86601D8EC2D6D5A63D6970A521EE0" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Female reproductive tract and gonocoxae of abdominal segment IX, ventral view. A. T. montagnei; Petorca Prov., Q. Tigre Zapallar, Catapilco (MNHN). Spermatheca disassociated from bursal assemblage. B. T. giraudyi; Llanquihue Prov., P. N. Vicente Perez Rosales (FMNH). C. T. robustus; Malleco Prov., M. N. Contulmo (FMNH). D. T. canaliculus; Malleco Prov., P. N. Nahuelbuta (FMNH). E. T. duponchelii; Arauco Prov., Caramavida (MCZ). F. T. minimucro; Valdivia Prov., P. N. Oncol (EMEC). For abbreviations used to label structures see Table 1. Vertical scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354030" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure7">7A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1C667167C3CD7668730175405B1ED6FE" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Left gonocoxa (except where noted), ventral view, for Tropopterus spp. Specimen information is parallel to that in Figure 7 A-F. For abbreviations used to label structures see Table 1. A. T. montagnei. B. T. giraudyi. C. T. robustus. D. T. canaliculus. E. T. duponchelii. F. T. minimucro (right gonocoxa)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354031" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure8">8A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="181E1BC473451347847CE47BBF9EED63" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. A-I. Geographic distributions of Tropopterus spp. A. T. montagnei. B. T. giraudyi. C. T. peckorum. D. T. robustus. E. T. canaliculus. F. T. duponchelii. G. T. trisinuatus. H. T. minimucro. I. T. fieldianus. J. Geographical distributions of Tropopterus spp., labeled as per figures above, hierarchically arranged by phylogenetic relationships of the taxon cladogram, Fig. 10." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354032" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure9">9A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="930C19B939DEF24CC484C71E4A00064F" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Cladogram returned under all cladistic protocols described in text; tree length = 97, CI = 57, RI = 47, fast character optimization shown. Outgroup choice of Pharetis thayerae based on results in Liebherr (2020). Geographic region abbreviations after taxon name include: eastern Australia (EOZ); Santiagan entomofaunal province (San); Northern Valdivian entomofaunal province (NV); Southern Valdivian Entomofaunal province (SV)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354033" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure10">10</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="76918FEC2CFCFF7E9E48C48D12B96D49" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="A60C32F00256DD052368AB565DD523E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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<taxonomicName id="18C1046C456B9B66952A48D3DC5A7447" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tropopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropopterus montagnei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montagnei">Tropopterus montagnei</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="E405AE2CF6A32B5535AC242551BD2259" author="Solier, AJJ" editor="Gay, C" journalOrPublisher="Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="105 - 508" refId="B60" refString="Solier, AJJ, 1849. Orden III. Coleopteros. In: Gay, C, Ed.,. . Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile 4: 105 - 508" title="Orden III. Coleopteros." volume="4" volumeTitle="." year="1849">Solier 1849</bibRefCitation>
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: 214;
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<bibRefCitation id="E8B9DE1004FC271B4312F43B84FE953D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1874.tb02451.x" author="Reed, EC" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="48 - 70" refId="B54" refString="Reed, EC, 1874. 7. On the ColeopteraGeodephaga of Chile. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1874: 48 - 70" title="7. On the ColeopteraGeodephaga of Chile." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1874.tb02451.x" volume="1874" year="1874">Reed 1874</bibRefCitation>
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: 58.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6840FA2B875D4A278CA83E9EE95CCEE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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<taxonomicName id="4EA4068E5FA01591B429FD0106872B7C" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tropidopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidopterus montagnei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montagnei">Tropidopterus montagnei</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="D1B282738AFC040CAC343E9197809867" author="Gemminger, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" refId="B22" refString="Gemminger, M, Harold, B de, 1868. Cicindelidae- Carabidae. Catalogus Coleopterorum 1, 424 pp. [+ 8 pp index]" title="Cicindelidae- Carabidae. Catalogus Coleopterorum 1, 424 pp. [+ 8 pp index]" year="1868">Gemminger and Harold 1868</bibRefCitation>
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: 385 (unjustified emendation).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="20F2E2FB85CFA5C8A822670751F4F3F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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<taxonomicName id="477A74B38450A6B508782A54CFB39881" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Merizodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Merizodus catapileanus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catapileanus">Merizodus catapileanus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="E43558253AD5916FA0871760FB623540" author="Jeannel, R" editor="Deboutteville, CD" journalOrPublisher="The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" refId="B31" refString="Jeannel, R, Deboutteville, CD, Rapoport, E, 1962. Les trechides de la Paleantarctide occidentale. In: DebouttevilleCDRapoportE (Eds) Biologie de l'Amerique Australe I: Etudes sur la faune du sol.Editiones du Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Paris, 527-655." title="Les trechides de la Paleantarctide occidentale. In: DebouttevilleCDRapoportE (Eds) Biologie de l'Amerique Australe I: Etudes sur la faune du sol. Editiones du Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Paris, 527 - 655." year="1962">Jeannel 1962</bibRefCitation>
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: 606 (New synonymy).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F268D63CA2B88AE5A1BA3675A6462948" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="DA5EA26F819DC02A7E1935DC88D4A22E" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C74115C1B960E1E721DC0BC28D873CE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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(
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<emphasis id="10521F5D9C45138544132C62345067B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">n</emphasis>
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= 3). These somber-colored, small-bodied beetles - standardized body length 5.7-6.2 mm - can be recognized by the isodiametric elytral microsculpture that gives the surface a granulate appearance. The legs are dark, with the femora and tibial apices as dark as the piceous head, pronotum, and elytra. The pronotum is moderately transverse (MPW/PL = 1.21-1.27) with the pronotal hind angle obtuse, the lateral margin straight anterad the hind angle. The elytral striae 1-4 are obsolete, only traceable on the disc and without punctation. Only the first, sutural stria is
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<normalizedToken id="5B7067E6D32D7AA0DCD7D02B6EB6FC4D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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traceable on the elytral apex. The eyes are small (ocular ratio = 1.32-1.36) with about 18 ommatidia crossed along a horizontal diameter of the eye. The vertex is glossy, contrasted with the transverse mesh microsculpture of the pronotum, and the granulate isodiametric microsculpture of the elytra. Ventrally the prosternum is broadly flattened to moderately depressed medially from the prosternal process anterad to 2/3 of the prosternal length, and the mesepisternum is smooth, with 2-3 irregular punctures dorsoventrally arranged on its concave surface.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EE6B74C8ED4CA684EBD5C59A58465193" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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Female reproductive tract (
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<emphasis id="597E9EBCF885559C82948CABA20A7BD1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">n</emphasis>
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= 1). Bursa copulatrix columnar, length twice breadth, compressed under microslide cover slip (
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<figureCitation id="A211769D2A1600A621E1D1A25C335355" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Female reproductive tract and gonocoxae of abdominal segment IX, ventral view. A. T. montagnei; Petorca Prov., Q. Tigre Zapallar, Catapilco (MNHN). Spermatheca disassociated from bursal assemblage. B. T. giraudyi; Llanquihue Prov., P. N. Vicente Perez Rosales (FMNH). C. T. robustus; Malleco Prov., M. N. Contulmo (FMNH). D. T. canaliculus; Malleco Prov., P. N. Nahuelbuta (FMNH). E. T. duponchelii; Arauco Prov., Caramavida (MCZ). F. T. minimucro; Valdivia Prov., P. N. Oncol (EMEC). For abbreviations used to label structures see Table 1. Vertical scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354030" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure7">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
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), bursal walls relatively thick, translucent; spermatheca globose (separated in single dissection); basal gonocoxite 1 with apical fringe of two setae (
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<figureCitation id="65A1B4422DB5591B4AA073D2BF8A7495" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Left gonocoxa (except where noted), ventral view, for Tropopterus spp. Specimen information is parallel to that in Figure 7 A-F. For abbreviations used to label structures see Table 1. A. T. montagnei. B. T. giraudyi. C. T. robustus. D. T. canaliculus. E. T. duponchelii. F. T. minimucro (right gonocoxa)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354031" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure8">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
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); apical gonocoxite 2 broadly triangular, base extended laterally, with two moderate lateral ensiform setae and one dorsal ensiform seta; apical sensory fossa with two nematiform setae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="623591A019BE9A0A4C3490B12B7EEB0D" doi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354030" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
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<paragraph id="7DEC0E6321453C0D0CFBB37867F7D700" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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<emphasis id="17C0BF9E870F53B7AB14432808D23E13" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Figure 7.</emphasis>
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Female reproductive tract and gonocoxae of abdominal segment IX, ventral view.
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<emphasis id="4B79AD74DE9BE8111A48D66E4C910B93" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">A.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="1D529F6A62BC3E4F77CE1711EE261CF4" lsidName="T. montagnei" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="montagnei">
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<emphasis id="4975B1F8B207F233F14BC4D633D431B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. montagnei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Petorca Prov., Q. Tigre Zapallar, Catapilco (MNHN). Spermatheca disassociated from bursal assemblage.
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<emphasis id="592E9442E0269F2921E99999343289B2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">B.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="2BF24E37CC3D88EBE61B39252E266D2B" lsidName="T. giraudyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="giraudyi">
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<emphasis id="7361999F0EF197FDEB48193AEFC8AEC0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. giraudyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Llanquihue Prov., P. N. Vicente
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<normalizedToken id="4EC1C25F1B636A1187C5362A211D4B72" originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
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Rosales (FMNH).
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<emphasis id="E06F412A3313BBDDEAF6A83EB8E3AE71" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">C.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="2CC09264F13DF2CDFE932983B80D9AFC" lsidName="T. robustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="B27A67ADABDE06CACEDDFDAA121CBC5A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Malleco Prov., M. N. Contulmo (FMNH).
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<emphasis id="7829625EA28B80CEA05432C6C36DE2EC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">D.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="10170DDCF63D3D9AFD62F9C1E298E582" lsidName="T. canaliculus" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="canaliculus">
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<emphasis id="475521DA68FCA8936E213E2B72D49F02" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. canaliculus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Malleco Prov., P. N. Nahuelbuta (FMNH).
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<emphasis id="CD953C49202A4AFD29B3D2628DFF4AE4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">E.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="98866238225E9169F35281222723B223" lsidName="T. duponchelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="duponchelii">
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<emphasis id="2DE843C725E29B8BFF8A0A3A33DF9D94" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. duponchelii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Arauco Prov., Caramavida (MCZ).
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<emphasis id="4C799A6E7016A79C558BD308F38A6417" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">F.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="EBBC7140A8E8581364048F568150679B" lsidName="T. minimucro" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="minimucro">
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<emphasis id="CA1E414781F93602B2F9C2E780A45370" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. minimucro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Valdivia Prov., P. N. Oncol (EMEC). For abbreviations used to label structures see Table
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<tableCitation id="B3A2EC34055396BD4634336F31FD70A7" captionStartId="T1" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7F7EE83DC9FCFE3FC64AC9F53B3355DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableUuid="7F7EE83DC9FCFE3FC64AC9F53B3355DA">1</tableCitation>
|
||
. Vertical scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D403D913718164C85CD69D46034B45C3" doi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354031" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F2D3151B7BAF6A8C70745E67AA93469" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D085C565CECE2909961BBF19D6E97FF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Left gonocoxa (except where noted), ventral view, for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06CDABEA6FDC4B2C3461D3FCD7096890" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tropopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropopterus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BC496672EDDC685A804A1F42E83B41CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Tropopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. Specimen information is parallel to that in
|
||
<figureCitation id="B071448341145EB6D6050BD47E8B34D7" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Female reproductive tract and gonocoxae of abdominal segment IX, ventral view. A. T. montagnei; Petorca Prov., Q. Tigre Zapallar, Catapilco (MNHN). Spermatheca disassociated from bursal assemblage. B. T. giraudyi; Llanquihue Prov., P. N. Vicente Perez Rosales (FMNH). C. T. robustus; Malleco Prov., M. N. Contulmo (FMNH). D. T. canaliculus; Malleco Prov., P. N. Nahuelbuta (FMNH). E. T. duponchelii; Arauco Prov., Caramavida (MCZ). F. T. minimucro; Valdivia Prov., P. N. Oncol (EMEC). For abbreviations used to label structures see Table 1. Vertical scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354030" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure7">
|
||
Figure 7
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B3183100B53DB7A72C3C8DA6E9C56E59" originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. For abbreviations used to label structures see Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="B4DB8E3D014F545EF4666DCB6889B025" captionStartId="T1" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7F7EE83DC9FCFE3FC64AC9F53B3355DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableUuid="7F7EE83DC9FCFE3FC64AC9F53B3355DA">1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C59F5B36DC4CACCF372B71042D60356D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">A.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D7313659E2BA2CE7C63B6B53522F17A" lsidName="T. montagnei" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="montagnei">
|
||
<emphasis id="246B7A89B53B7E14829F1DCCBA49186F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. montagnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="A17F801B3502439B16DF9118440717EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1420636BD621A190BBEDCBDEA51F2C38" lsidName="T. giraudyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="giraudyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="22F50EF52BB0DB438E9B2333DAF82603" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. giraudyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="6FC67CA1D601819C3902F9C4D4F77E5A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">C.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F94538ACCA5D158B8F97807A122CF6D7" lsidName="T. robustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7ECB33E2F7112135A64BDB71B296ED38" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="D1C6917129A1CA30FC489970B9512035" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">D.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26DECF2DC61F9BC751FBDBA8BF163CCF" lsidName="T. canaliculus" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="canaliculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EC0938515FD4E260849A37D11148AA2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. canaliculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="622299E11D57FBA6C6D08D0AD999FB4B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">E.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="74DF1D8EC4F7FF03B9106CD6D118314E" lsidName="T. duponchelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="duponchelii">
|
||
<emphasis id="AACDFCB6051B99E5DFF09E03E278F2A8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. duponchelii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="8A7E8D70A675A62B8255A0C2849A966A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">F.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A64B5CD492A59A58B3693AC73113FF8" lsidName="T. minimucro" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="minimucro">
|
||
<emphasis id="6DA2213D5D5F0A2CBF11E51C510BA6E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. minimucro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(right gonocoxa).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E0A62DF1E2D7CFFCA5280669EA473995" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="type information">
|
||
<paragraph id="7EFC895C79A62597304FC05192867567" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Type information.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9839B1FEF60BFFE2CC1F0D294FE87846" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="765568EE703D9962ED59639F6C6D1051" lsidName="T. montagnei" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="montagnei">
|
||
<emphasis id="D874E2004167BD55841E53A2B991BF8C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. montagnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lectotype female (MNHN) hereby designated: S. Iago (handwritten on blue label) // MUSEUM PARIS / CHILI / Cl. Gay 1845 (grey label) // 9 45 (round blue label) // TYPE (red label) // Tropopterus / montagnei / Sol. Sn. Iago (handwritten white label) //
|
||
<emphasis id="0C288C9317EE45B71614D41827F8E6AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Tropopterus</emphasis>
|
||
/ Measured / Specimen #1 / det. J.K. Liebherr 2019 // LECTOTYPE / Tropopterus / montagnei / Solier / des. Liebherr 2019 (black-margined red label). PARALECTOTYPE female (MNHN): MUSEUM PARIS / CHILI / Cl. Gay 1845 (grey label) // 9 45 (round blue label) //
|
||
<emphasis id="5847614C7B57EC6DDD816B07F5EDC5DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Tropopterus</emphasis>
|
||
/ Measured / Specimen #2 / det. J.K. Liebherr 2019 // PARALECTOTYPE (as above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A705BF5C33E99455F96EE114617122A" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7F02E355B451E42F6527E4312137282" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Merizodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Merizodus catapileanus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catapileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="52B94B90F8C1C69769B60ED0669D2D8E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Merizodus catapileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype female (MNHN): Catapilco // 459 // Chili / Aconcagua / Catapilco // Catapilcanus / P. G. (ined.) / 459 // Merizodus // catapileanus / m. (hand written cursive) // Tropidopterus / catapileanus / det. P. M. Johns // 163 //
|
||
<emphasis id="0041E41FFA73A60EBE88B14157E2F687" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Tropopterus</emphasis>
|
||
/ Measured / Specimen #3 / det. J.K. Liebherr 2019 // HOLOTYPE / Merizodus / catapileanus /
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1650CC5D624FA0A6FC3185B83EDEA0CF" author="Jeannel, R" editor="Deboutteville, CD" journalOrPublisher="The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" refId="B31" refString="Jeannel, R, Deboutteville, CD, Rapoport, E, 1962. Les trechides de la Paleantarctide occidentale. In: DebouttevilleCDRapoportE (Eds) Biologie de l'Amerique Australe I: Etudes sur la faune du sol.Editiones du Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Paris, 527-655." title="Les trechides de la Paleantarctide occidentale. In: DebouttevilleCDRapoportE (Eds) Biologie de l'Amerique Australe I: Etudes sur la faune du sol. Editiones du Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Paris, 527 - 655." year="1962">Jeannel 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(black-margined red label) // Tropopterus / montagnei / Solier / det. J.K. Liebherr 2019. Because
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="852AE86A497A07E41A0169F41BD7E697" author="Jeannel, R" editor="Deboutteville, CD" journalOrPublisher="The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" refId="B31" refString="Jeannel, R, Deboutteville, CD, Rapoport, E, 1962. Les trechides de la Paleantarctide occidentale. In: DebouttevilleCDRapoportE (Eds) Biologie de l'Amerique Australe I: Etudes sur la faune du sol.Editiones du Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Paris, 527-655." title="Les trechides de la Paleantarctide occidentale. In: DebouttevilleCDRapoportE (Eds) Biologie de l'Amerique Australe I: Etudes sur la faune du sol. Editiones du Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Paris, 527 - 655." year="1962">Jeannel (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated this species name was based on "une femelle," he designated a holotype by monotypy. This female was card-mounted with the abdomen missing. As Jeannel routinely mounted dissected genitalia on separate pins (see the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="982DD82EE216C4F940064251C7EB5F50" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tropopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropopterus giraudyi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giraudyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BA8A054C5825EAAF3567E8B388E5A673" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Tropopterus giraudyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
paralectotype) it appears this species was dissected with the abdomen plus genitalia mounted separately, the latter subsequently disassociated. The data on the specimen agree with those provided in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB095CF939665F097593881B7E7FE2D4" author="Jeannel, R" editor="Deboutteville, CD" journalOrPublisher="The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" refId="B31" refString="Jeannel, R, Deboutteville, CD, Rapoport, E, 1962. Les trechides de la Paleantarctide occidentale. In: DebouttevilleCDRapoportE (Eds) Biologie de l'Amerique Australe I: Etudes sur la faune du sol.Editiones du Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Paris, 527-655." title="Les trechides de la Paleantarctide occidentale. In: DebouttevilleCDRapoportE (Eds) Biologie de l'Amerique Australe I: Etudes sur la faune du sol. Editiones du Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Paris, 527 - 655." year="1962">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="59852B36B86ABEBE14791C82D01FA03F" originalValue="Jeannel’s">Jeannel's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1962
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 606) description. Also,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AB8E1132EC505EC264FB5792E1DE18D2" originalValue="Jeannel’s">Jeannel's</normalizedToken>
|
||
textual description fits the specimen with regard to size, wing configuration, general habitus, and absence of dorsal elytral setae. However, the illustration accompanying the text deviates significantly from the specimen by showing the penultimate palpomere as setose, and the elytra with eight lateral elytral setae (arranged as 4 + 4). In fact the penultimate palpomere is glabrous, and the lateral elytral setae are arranged as 6 + 1 + 6; i.e. a single seta separated from the anterior and posterior series of six setae each. Admittedly, there was excessive mucilage filling the elytral marginal depression, and so the setae were apparently missed. The consequence of these mistakes was
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6D3478F56678A2CE60757B4A7C03AA11" originalValue="Jeannel’s">Jeannel's</normalizedToken>
|
||
placement of this species in a genus of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14CF0F623272B4B2EE63FEAACF12B304" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="tribe" tribe="Zolini">Zolini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AAF2A7A6AFDF483D0B60C30FBE294D3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
|
||
Date locality information for all specimens. Chile: Petorca Prov. (labelled
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1BD23CEC70963F1310343AC8C479B1E6" originalValue="“Aconcagua”">"Aconcagua"</normalizedToken>
|
||
), Catapilco,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="338B4DE529244E03923C745A58A8118F" degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="34.10" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-32.568333">32°34.10'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="989E1741493C82A10EB4334397613A38" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="16.52" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-71.27533">71°16.52'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Germain (MNHN, 1); Q. Tigre Zapallar (= Catapilco), 13-vii-1966, Pena (MNHN, 1). Santiago Prov., Santiago (lectotype and paralectotype),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6EB65911CB6C3125D74E232600F1E7CF" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="26.75" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-33.445835">33°26.75'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="182D5444B1E5D85EC60C7DAF98DD0B2C" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="40.12" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-70.66866">70°40.12'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Solier (MNHN, 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CD7CE913EEFC87DD4F9255629306D64D" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED1E91B9B2404FFDA5138D7ADA31659C" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8C079F4792225CB56C734C564866E959" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
|
||
No habitat data are associated with the types of either names representing this species. This species is restricted to the Santiagan entomofaunal region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4D59E44996383B725971D9B6EEB0FA20" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. A-I. Geographic distributions of Tropopterus spp. A. T. montagnei. B. T. giraudyi. C. T. peckorum. D. T. robustus. E. T. canaliculus. F. T. duponchelii. G. T. trisinuatus. H. T. minimucro. I. T. fieldianus. J. Geographical distributions of Tropopterus spp., labeled as per figures above, hierarchically arranged by phylogenetic relationships of the taxon cladogram, Fig. 10." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354032" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure9">Fig. 9A; O</figureCitation>
|
||
'Brien 1971).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="46C285328A06DDE5AE67190D1E992865" doi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354032" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
||
<paragraph id="9D6724258A39F19F706516280D139771" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<emphasis id="D8D0CE51DC58F6F7980DAADCF4E3B5B5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="919755E60AB44245E76B25C15D5EFCD9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="608C8D68B9F8339E8A9E4E463EC75A30" originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Geographic distributions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2F200C788A560B228B02D9CE2C237D9F" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tropopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropopterus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF70349DF2931C7FE00A747D05D0FB0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Tropopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.
|
||
<emphasis id="BD05E40BA0E4B96A5BCE1D2AC1847658" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">A.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE78F7553D8EDC13DF3123BB43B24029" lsidName="T. montagnei" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="montagnei">
|
||
<emphasis id="A145C0EE7E3DFD1BFE77631F0CA235D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. montagnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3F4978C38D6C886C821F103A55878C80" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="187A4659962FD388200F5ED5DE7FD704" lsidName="T. giraudyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="giraudyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5E84EAEB1B4CBE8B9E0487D812F41E23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. giraudyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="6FF1D2A70B7651112C6822421E0F524A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">C.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3C43713A936EC68573CE30CAA2B8F220" lsidName="T. peckorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="peckorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="6C81AF3FF5ED8954345679189AA6392E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. peckorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="96BDC7D725F007D9EC2B573D2EDC9B89" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">D.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="237956C4F499F73C3797A8464CCC1333" lsidName="T. robustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CBE075C130FAB84053FAFF8C71633150" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DA0BCB741F3803482F8909F0101A3AE8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">E.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AA96731419AF89387F5F3A6D37A46D97" lsidName="T. canaliculus" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="canaliculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0CEF6C5D3DB4BC1929B9FE83C5C6871" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. canaliculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="7DFC2DA5FF77DF391C597EBEACEB00CB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">F.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA53CB095064A0E9DEAE7B85208E281" lsidName="T. duponchelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="duponchelii">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB0D8469EAB9115E872609A7E6EB12B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. duponchelii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B642385EE26670D28DA554B757D91F69" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">G.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9784FAC4E30279074408083A7256996" lsidName="T. trisinuatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="trisinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EFB3210D66C8E12832DBB99030FFBC4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. trisinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4A87CEECB2A6492D409D918BF585F9E6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">H.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7CD7A35DF9058C12FE3844906701CE19" lsidName="T. minimucro" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="minimucro">
|
||
<emphasis id="3BB9777F40A412ECE4F5C643166D39E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. minimucro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="9AA89A9E3040E30A1F576D4B4147A651" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">I.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A40FB5B22B187A542D710D48F15FB30" lsidName="T. fieldianus" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="fieldianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFE9990200078994A8B7C426D9AC5BA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">T. fieldianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="E5259B079708DE3100E4531FCA89D4D5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">J.</emphasis>
|
||
Geographical distributions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A4C20F5DE2A036608A22F424E578BF5" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tropopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropopterus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5BB332795751548830E238664356105D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Tropopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp., labeled as per figures above, hierarchically arranged by phylogenetic relationships of the taxon cladogram,
|
||
<figureCitation id="4881FDA32FED29949C17266060BF7EF8" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Cladogram returned under all cladistic protocols described in text; tree length = 97, CI = 57, RI = 47, fast character optimization shown. Outgroup choice of Pharetis thayerae based on results in Liebherr (2020). Geographic region abbreviations after taxon name include: eastern Australia (EOZ); Santiagan entomofaunal province (San); Northern Valdivian entomofaunal province (NV); Southern Valdivian Entomofaunal province (SV)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354033" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure10">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |