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<document id="18D6D2F970F3E0B55BD137A26811812D" ID-DOI="10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1905" ID-ISSN="2201-4349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14668975" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1737003834830" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Watson, Charlotte, Gunton, Laetitia M. &amp; Kupriyanova, Elena K." docDate="2024" docId="A17487D2FFCC0A2FFED2F9AAFD24FD78" docLanguage="en" docName="RecAustMus.76.5.249-264.pdf" docOrigin="Records of the Australian Museum 76 (5)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1905" docStyle="DocumentStyle:997BA24B490466A2F99594A367FA147F.4:RecAustMus.2019-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="997BA24B490466A2F99594A367FA147F" docStyleName="RecAustMus.2019-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Boudemos paulinae Watson, Gunton &amp; Kupriyanova, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="256" masterDocId="5D4DFFAAFFCA0A27FFC0FFF3FFE7FFFD" masterDocTitle="Three new species of bacterivorous Chrysopetalidae and Microphthalmidae (Annelida) inhabiting a whale fall off eastern Australia" masterLastPageNumber="264" masterPageNumber="249" pageNumber="255" updateTime="1737010517205" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="F83A7E161994142E8ED2F2407F3367AE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="63670C9774B7473D0EAE38D265E16FFD">
<mods:title id="7EBF3186D717EF76455922D684A6359F">Three new species of bacterivorous Chrysopetalidae and Microphthalmidae (Annelida) inhabiting a whale fall off eastern Australia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="CAED5019D6026761B3361118C3CC2514" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E03251B1F5F502EF91F9D7579BD19D14">
<mods:roleTerm id="58A8989CA73539B31AB8EA03DEE52FEF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BA1C57E94A62AAAE4D689A740B6F9149">Watson, Charlotte</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1C9DFDA4F6C72D5ECAC4E7FC7002AB38">Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Box 4646, Darwin, NT 0801, Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="43435D18E23981941B32A1E4FA80ABF1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="58CDADD1C0740900BD8231D926A20A8E">
<mods:roleTerm id="461683766E43B67B2083295E2246169B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A48B99B1C2F708713AD6983BE814A363">Gunton, Laetitia M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D053AEBF73E827D0763E1C686B056466">School of the Environment and Life Sciences, University of Portsmouth, King Henry Building, Portsmouth PO 1 2 DY, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A07C1F88AB5E5238BA158E15A07A9DD8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4F6F0541BADA59E683910DDCFD33FA08">
<mods:roleTerm id="4A8136699BE09FFEABFB23AD1AFB52AF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D5974E8DDD1354BB2B08B671A59E1EA2">Kupriyanova, Elena K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8196B89FDBBF48A0B0FBAE003F060ECF">Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia &amp; School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D562125EABC304B21EBA8037FAD5550A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="FD4C12B5CEE3DB441255064A1C6FA51A">Records of the Australian Museum</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="46B009BD6B587977497A16D211AD743A">
<mods:date id="E3E182F6D9F5C6EDD4F13413E4A85A2C">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="752D28368962B2C301FE7137FF222807" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="F25853B1F54F0867BCE96E10C91EA9E0">2024-11-27</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E1C6F1407B044E5935518335EFC745DF" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7CDD4BB7BF4D73328F4A9109DA38BF33">76</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C8CDC2A18D70A75AA994A876E9D8C6C7" type="issue">
<mods:number id="9F42E3ECC4C472F6F986F7937620890C">5</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="0B0C67A2CACC6E33AC91152DECDDDEBE">249</mods:start>
<mods:end id="350532B41FBDAF1471593171E7FDA5EF">264</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="51A1BAECDFD5F2B74461E99C05E270B1">
<mods:url id="8515DC27C4E5A3BE81CA436F81DB643D">https://doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1905</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="0EF25DF63C17EA59433858498E562BD0">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="7BC3C216D672FBF02BBAE508C5DC98C1" type="DOI">10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1905</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F4D174F05530E3AFD9C7A38963A95CF4" type="ISSN">2201-4349</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ABFEEC24EE15981DAA59707622469B4D" type="Zenodo-Dep">14668975</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="A17487D2FFCC0A2FFED2F9AAFD24FD78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A17487D2FFCC0A2FFED2F9AAFD24FD78" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A17487D2FFCC0A2FFED2F9AAFD24FD78" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="256" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<subSubSection id="61C7654FFFCC0A21FED2F9AAFCEEF961" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FED2F9AAFD49F984" blockId="6.[274,686,1625,1657]" box="[274,686,1625,1657]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<heading id="722A81A8FFCC0A21FED2F9AAFD49F984" bold="true" box="[274,686,1625,1657]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" reason="2">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCC0A21FED2F9AAFD49F984" bold="true" box="[274,686,1625,1657]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCC0A21FED2F9AAFDD3F985" authorityName="Watson &amp; Gunton &amp; Kupriyanova" authorityYear="2024" box="[274,564,1625,1656]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paulinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCC0A21FED2F9AAFDD3F985" bold="true" box="[274,564,1625,1656]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Boudemos paulinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="009A57ADFFCC0A21FDFDF9A9FD49F984" box="[573,686,1626,1657]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FF77F979FCEEF961" blockId="6.[183,777,1674,1692]" box="[183,777,1674,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<uri id="5D4C3AC6FFCC0A21FF77F979FCEEF961" box="[183,777,1674,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="5D7B0C11FFCC0A21FE46F979FCEEF961" box="[390,777,1674,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">0D045480-D246-41C1-B360-711E154ECF7D</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61C7654FFFCC0A21FE61F94AFEA4F8E5" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" type="description">
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FE61F94AFDF8F929" blockId="6.[417,543,1721,1748]" box="[417,543,1721,1748]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFCC0A21FE61F94AFDF8F929" box="[417,543,1721,1748]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2A–D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FF05F91BFEA4F8E5" blockId="6.[197,763,1768,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCC0A21FF05F91BFEB3F903" box="[197,340,1768,1790]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCC0A21FF05F91BFEC8F900" box="[197,303,1768,1789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Boudemos</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
—
<bibRefCitation id="4D4C4B35FFCC0A21FEAEF91BFD82F900" author="Georgieva, M. N. &amp; H. Wiklund &amp; D. A. Ramos &amp; L. Neal &amp; C. J. Glasby &amp; L. M. Gunton" box="[366,613,1768,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" pagination="167 - 213" refId="ref11763" refString="Georgieva, M. N., H. Wiklund, D. A. Ramos, L. Neal, C. J. Glasby, and L. M. Gunton. 2023. The annelid community of a natural deep-sea whale fall off Eastern Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 75 (3): 167 - 213." type="journal article" year="2023">
Georgieva
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCC0A21FE27F91BFDC1F900" box="[487,550,1768,1789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">et al.,</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
, east coast of
<collectingCountry id="51CA7654FFCC0A21FF24F8F1FED8F8E5" box="[228,319,1794,1816]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61C7654FFFCC0A21FF66F8DDFC57FE82" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FF66F8DDFE99F8BB" blockId="6.[166,382,1838,1862]" box="[166,382,1838,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCC0A21FF66F8DDFE99F8BB" bold="true" box="[166,382,1838,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FF66F8A8FE8FF853" blockId="6.[166,794,1883,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<materialsCitation id="99B53C99FFCC0A21FF66F8A8FE8FF853" collectionCode="AM" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCC0A21FF66F8A8FEFCF88E" bold="true" box="[166,283,1883,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<typeStatus id="F6668866FFCC0A21FF66F8A8FEF1F88E" box="[166,278,1883,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="4FCCAE01FFCC0A21FEE6F8A8FEB5F88E" box="[294,338,1883,1907]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
W.55400 (body length
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCC0A21FDADF8A8FD21F88E" box="[621,710,1883,1907]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
for 20 segments, width
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCC0A21FEABF88AFE21F86D" box="[363,454,1913,1937]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
, mature gametes
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCC0A21FD54F88AFD1DF86D" box="[660,762,1913,1937]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04 mm</quantity>
in diameter present).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FC87FF6BFAC2FEFA" blockId="6.[839,1467,151,264]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<materialsCitation id="99B53C99FFCC0A21FC87FF6BFAC6FEFA" collectionCode="AM, MAGNT" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" specimenCode="W032913" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCC0A21FC87FF6BFC58FF4D" bold="true" box="[839,959,152,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<typeStatus id="F6668866FFCC0A21FC87FF6BFC5EFF4D" box="[839,953,152,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="4FCCAE01FFCC0A21FC01FF6BFC0BFF4D" box="[961,1004,152,176]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
W.55401 (approximately 100 mostly broken specimens with 6–20 segments; only 2 entire specimens include 7E, L:
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCC0A21FC26FF21FBAFFF17" box="[998,1096,210,234]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" unit="mm" value="0.56">0.56 mm</quantity>
, W:
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCC0A21FBB8FF21FB3CFF17" box="[1144,1243,210,234]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
; 12E, L:
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCC0A21FAFCFF21FA76FF17" box="[1340,1425,210,234]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
, W:
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCC0A21FC87FF1CFC4DFEF5" box="[839,938,239,264]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" unit="mm" value="0.55">0.55 mm</quantity>
).
<collectionCode id="4FCCAE01FFCC0A21FC7CFF03FBFAFEF5" box="[956,1053,240,264]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34986" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34986" name="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" type="Museum">MAGNT</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="797B9EBFFFCC0A21FBE4FF03FB6AFEF5" box="[1060,1165,240,264]" collectionCode="MAGNT" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34986" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34986" name="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" type="Museum">W032913</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCount id="3FDBFD4DFFCC0A21FB5EFF03FAFDFEFA" box="[1182,1306,239,264]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FC87FEEEFB62FEC8" blockId="6.[839,1157,285,309]" box="[839,1157,285,309]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCC0A21FC87FEEEFC14FEC8" bold="true" box="[839,1011,285,309]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">DNA vouchers.</emphasis>
NHM_240E.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FC87FEB9FC57FE82" blockId="6.[839,1467,330,383]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCC0A21FC87FEB9FC39FE9F" bold="true" box="[839,990,330,354]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Type locality.</emphasis>
A pilot whale skeleton off Byron Bay, NSW,
<collectingCountry id="51CA7654FFCC0A21FC87FE94FC4BFE82" box="[839,940,359,383]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61C7654FFFCC0A20FC87FE66FE15F97B" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="256" pageId="6" pageNumber="255" type="description">
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FC87FE66FB1BFD65" blockId="6.[839,1468,405,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCC0A21FC87FE66FC35FE51" bold="true" box="[839,978,405,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Description.</emphasis>
Body very small, elongate, slightly broader anterior end, narrowed posteriorly. Preserved material whitish, covered in white bacteria. Erect ‘spiky’ notochaetal fans interlocking over dorsum (
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFCC0A21FB67FE1EFAC6FDF8" box="[1191,1313,493,517]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2A–B</figureCitation>
). Prostomium anterior edge half rounded with prostomial structures only visible in ventral view: two small digitiform lateral antennae inserted towards posterior prostomial margin; two small, glandular, ovoid, fused palps, mid position at posterior base of prostomium; eyes absent (
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFCC0A21FBBCFD8CFB17FD65" box="[1148,1264,639,664]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2B–C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FCA5FD6EFAE6FCD7" blockId="6.[839,1468,405,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Short, barrel-shaped muscular pharynx with coarse internal septa, terminal mouth papillae present. Two stylets composed of dark brown, toothed, terminal platelets facing outwards; each connected posteriorly to individual elongate, hyaline structures with a mid-way flange.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FCA5FCDCFB60FB55" blockId="6.[839,1468,405,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
Achaetous segment I with one pair of dorsal and ventral tentacular cirri. Dorsal cirri pair, slightly longer, more robust than ventral pair, characteristically project out wing-like, dorso-laterally from anterior end; ventral cirri pair on small cirrophores immediately adjacent to palps (
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFCC0A21FAF4FC56FA48FC40" box="[1332,1455,933,957]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2B–C</figureCitation>
). Notopodia of segment II with notochaetae and pair of longer dorsal cirri; neuropodia with ‘whip-like’ spinigerous neurochaetae, ventral cirri absent. Segment III biramous, notopodia with notochaetae, longer dorsal cirri, neuropodia with slender falcigerous neurochaetae and slender ventral cirri (
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFCC0A21FC42FBA6FC10FB90" box="[898,1015,1109,1133]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
). Segment IV onwards down body similar to segment III, with medium-size dorsal cirri (
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFCC0A21FAF2FB81FA61FB77" box="[1330,1414,1138,1162]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
) and slender ventral cirri (
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFCC0A21FBE7FB7CFB9DFB55" box="[1063,1146,1167,1192]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FCA5FB5EFC1CF9FA" blockId="6.[839,1468,405,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
Notopodia in mid-body segments with notochaetal fascicle spread out in erect fan-like arrangement (
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFCC0A21FA99FB39FA57FB1F" box="[1369,1456,1226,1250]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Long, slender, simple notochaetae narrow distally, ending in rounded, almost truncate distal tip; with two rows of serrations. Fascicle comprises longer notochaetae appearing slightly flattened mid-chaetae and marginal serrations spaced far apart; shorter notochaetae more rounded in section with finer serrations (
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFCC0A21FC2CFA89FBD9FA6F" box="[1004,1086,1402,1426]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Notochaetae number 25–30. Dorsal cirri robust, similar length to longer than fascicle with low cirrophores. Dense ciliary patches present inter-ramally and dorsally (
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFCC0A21FC6CFA21FBE4FA17" box="[940,1027,1490,1514]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Notochaetae chambered internally with horizontal striae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCC0A21FCA5F9FEFB64F852" blockId="6.[839,1468,405,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">
Mid-body neuropodia plus neurochaetae longer than notopodia, ventral cirri insert sub-distally mid-neuropodia, posteriorly directed, fusiform, cirrophores barely observable (
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFCC0A21FC8FF994FC40F97D" box="[847,935,1639,1664]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Acicular lobe pronounced, pointed with small pre-chaetal lobe, with long, robust, single neuroaciculae; neurochaetae insert below aciculae. Neurochaetae compound unidentate falcigers, articles slender with small, curved distal tips, dense, fine serration starting immediately below tip; bifid heterogomph shafts, chambered internally with horizontal striae. Neurochaetae inserted in two loosely defined groups, upper 3-4 with longer blades, lower blades gradually shorter and wider; no neurochaetal shaft joint swelling or neurochaetal blade groove observed. Neurochaetae number 15–20.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7DA2664CFFCD0A20FFB9FA5EFB35FA04" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" startId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" targetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCD0A20FFB9FA5EFB35FA04" blockId="7.[121,1422,1453,1529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FFB9FA5EFF28FA3F" bold="true" box="[121,207,1453,1475]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">Figure 2</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCD0A20FF1CFA5DFE7DFA3E" authorityName="Watson &amp; Gunton &amp; Kupriyanova" authorityYear="2024" box="[220,410,1454,1475]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paulinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FF1CFA5DFE7DFA3E" box="[220,410,1454,1475]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">Boudemos paulinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="009A57ADFFCD0A20FE61FA5DFE0BFA3E" box="[417,492,1454,1475]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body. Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCD0A20FF57F9C0FE15F97B" blockId="7.[121,748,1587,1670]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">Entire pygidium rounded with two anal cirri. Pygidia missing on most specimens with evidence common of part regeneration of posterior segments.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61C7654FFFCD0A20FFB9F968FECEF8BB" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCD0A20FFB9F968FECEF8BB" blockId="7.[121,749,1691,1862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FFB9F968FF1EF94E" bold="true" box="[121,249,1691,1715]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCD0A20FF3DF968FE2AF94E" authorityName="Watson &amp; Gunton &amp; Kupriyanova" authorityYear="2024" box="[253,461,1691,1715]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paulinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FF3DF968FE2AF94E" box="[253,461,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">Boudemos paulinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="009A57ADFFCD0A20FE12F968FDC5F94F" box="[466,546,1691,1714]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is named in honour of the first author’s mother, Pauline Cleary, who imbued in her from an early age a love of the sea and a sense of critical regard. Pauline’s ashes are spread at sea offshore from Byron Bay in the vicinity of the whale fall and the abundant life cycle it sustains.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61C7654FFFCD0A2FFFB9F8A8FD24FD78" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCD0A20FFB9F8A8FEDFF837" blockId="7.[121,750,1883,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FFB9F8A8FF13F88E" bold="true" box="[121,244,1883,1907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Smaller sized species (&lt;
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCD0A20FDE7F8A8FD8CF88E" box="[551,619,1883,1907]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
) compared to its congeners (
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCD0A20FEF9F88BFE55F86D" box="[313,434,1912,1936]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="37.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="35.0">35–40 mm</quantity>
) and exhibits stylet jaw and notochaetal morphology observed in juveniles of the species
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCD0A20FFB9F840FED5F836" box="[121,306,1971,1995]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="flokati">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FFB9F840FED5F836" box="[121,306,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">Boudemos flokati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCD0A20FCDAF9C1FA6AF88D" blockId="7.[792,1422,1586,1992]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FCDAF9C1FBE8F9B6" bold="true" box="[794,1039,1586,1611]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">Diagnostic remarks.</emphasis>
Previously described free-living species
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCD0A20FCACF9A3FBC3F995" box="[876,1060,1616,1640]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="flokati">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FCACF9A3FBC3F995" box="[876,1060,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">Boudemos flokati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCD0A20FB96F9A2FB33F995" box="[1110,1236,1616,1640]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ardabilia">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FB96F9A2FB33F995" box="[1110,1236,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">B. ardabilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are large-bodied,
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCD0A20FCDAF99DFC99F978" box="[794,894,1645,1669]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="flokati">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FCDAF99DFC99F978" box="[794,894,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">B. flokati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
measures
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCD0A20FC35F99EFBA4F978" box="[1013,1091,1645,1669]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
for 91 segments and the size of
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCD0A20FCF9F978FC26F95E" baseAuthorityName="Wiklund, Glover, Johannessen &amp; Dahlgren" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[825,961,1675,1699]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ardabalia">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FCF9F978FC26F95E" box="[825,961,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">B. ardabalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ranges from
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCD0A20FB97F979FB3FF95F" box="[1111,1240,1674,1698]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="5.0">5 to 35 mm</quantity>
and the number of segments from 28 to 82. In contrast, ovigerous females of
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCD0A20FCF8F935FC54F920" authorityName="Watson &amp; Gunton &amp; Kupriyanova" authorityYear="2024" box="[824,947,1733,1757]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paulinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FCF8F935FC54F920" box="[824,947,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">B. paulinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="009A57ADFFCD0A20FC7CF935FBF7F920" box="[956,1040,1734,1757]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
reach a length of
<quantity id="EE259B21FFCD0A20FB15F936FACCF920" box="[1237,1323,1733,1757]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
. The two previously described species also possess distinct swelling at the neurochaetal joint and neurochaetal blades with a groove. Adult notochaetae are thick and robust with frayed spinule ornamentation (Dahlgren
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FBECF8C8FBBCF8AE" box="[1068,1115,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">et al</emphasis>
., 2004; Watson
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FAC6F8C8FAD2F8AE" box="[1286,1333,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">et al</emphasis>
., 2016). Adults of
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCD0A20FC43F8AAFC1AF88D" authorityName="Watson &amp; Gunton &amp; Kupriyanova" authorityYear="2024" box="[899,1021,1880,1904]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paulinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FC43F8AAFC1AF88D" box="[899,1021,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">B. paulinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="009A57ADFFCD0A20FBC2F8ABFBB3F892" box="[1026,1108,1880,1903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
lack these chaetal characters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296236C4FFCD0A2FFCF8F886FD24FD78" blockId="7.[792,1422,1586,1992]" lastBlockId="8.[166,795,152,645]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">
There are no new morphological characters in
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCD0A20FAD5F885FA6AF870" authorityName="Watson &amp; Gunton &amp; Kupriyanova" authorityYear="2024" box="[1301,1421,1909,1933]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paulinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FAD5F885FA6AF870" box="[1301,1421,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">B. paulinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="009A57ADFFCD0A20FCD8F860FC8DF857" box="[792,874,1939,1962]" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but their adults (gamete-bearing specimens) possess characters documented for juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFCD0A20FB17F842FADAF835" box="[1239,1341,1968,1992]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="flokati">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFCD0A20FB17F842FADAF835" box="[1239,1341,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="256">B. flokati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These include very slender simple spinous-like notochaetae with two rows of spinelets, with the shorter chaetae being more rounded in cross-section (Dahlgren
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFC20A2FFDE6FF20FDB1FF17" box="[550,598,210,234]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="257">et al</emphasis>
., 2004, fig. 6c, cf.
<figureCitation id="B1E62A41FFC20A2FFF66FF03FF1FFEF5" box="[166,248,240,264]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,189,1453,1475]" captionTargetBox="[166,1376,151,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-10@7.[166,1376,151,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Boudemos paulinae sp. nov. A, entire body, dorsal view; B, entire body, ventral view; C, detail of anterior end, ventral view, segment I, achaetous, segment II with cirrose notopodia and accirose neuropodia; III and IV with normal complement of cirri and chaetae; D, detail of notopodium mid-body.Abbreviations: la - lateral antennae; p - palps; n - notochaetae; dc - dorsal cirrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14668979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14668979/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="257">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). A pair of stylet jaws in adults of
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFC20A2FFD8FFF03FD21FEF5" authorityName="Watson &amp; Gunton &amp; Kupriyanova" authorityYear="2024" box="[591,710,240,264]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="257" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paulinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFC20A2FFD8FFF03FD21FEF5" box="[591,710,240,264]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="257">B. paulinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="009A57ADFFC20A2FFD09FF03FCFEFEFA" box="[713,793,240,263]" pageId="8" pageNumber="257" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are separated and face outwards with serrated, dark brown terminal platelets and posterior, elongate, hyaline structures bearing a mid-way flange. The same jaw morphology has been described in benthic post-larvae of
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFC20A2FFDAAFE95FD29FE80" box="[618,718,357,381]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Boudemos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="257" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="flokati">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFC20A2FFDAAFE95FD29FE80" box="[618,718,357,381]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="257">B. flokati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while jaws are lost in adults (Dahlgren
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFC20A2FFDC4FE70FDD4FE67" box="[516,563,386,410]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="257">et al</emphasis>
., 2004; Watson
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFC20A2FFD1EFE70FCEAFE67" box="[734,781,386,410]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="257">et al</emphasis>
., 2016, fig. 8A–C). A similar stylet jaw structure is observed in post-larvae of
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFC20A2FFEA0FE4EFD07FE28" authority="(Kiseleva, 1992)" baseAuthorityName="Kiseleva" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[352,736,445,469]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Vigtorniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="257" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="zakai">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFC20A2FFEA0FE4EFDC7FE28" box="[352,544,445,469]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="257">Vigtorniella zakai</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4D4C4B35FFC20A2FFDF1FE4EFD3FFE28" author="Kiseleva, M. I." box="[561,728,445,469]" pageId="8" pageNumber="257" pagination="128 - 132" refId="ref12348" refString="Kiseleva, M. I. 1992. New genus and species of a polychaete of the Chrysopetalidae from the Black Sea. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 72: 128 - 132. (In Russian)" type="journal article" year="1992">Kiseleva, 1992</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, with the stylet bearing typical sclerotised serrate tips (Watson &amp; Faulwetter, 2017, fig. 21A–B). Entire jaws in
<taxonomicName id="EEDD4D47FFC20A2FFD04FE0BFCFEFDED" baseAuthorityName="Kiseleva" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[708,793,504,528]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Vigtorniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="257" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="zakai">
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFC20A2FFD04FE0BFCFEFDED" box="[708,793,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="257">V. zakai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are present in larvae known for extended feeding in the plankton, while only the terminal platelet jaw is retained in meiofaunal adults that settle in high densities on microbial mats in flocculent sediments (Watson
<emphasis id="1BA9EAD6FFC20A2FFDFBFD9DFD8DFD78" box="[571,618,621,645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="257">et al</emphasis>
., 2016).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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