111 lines
13 KiB
XML
111 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="AF6472E0FD24A872EB8E6358CD8B1CF5" ID-CLB-Dataset="39107" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.171144" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7b235ee0-db22-4606-8a01-05936f594932" ID-Zenodo-Dep="171144" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1462832099420" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ward, P. S." docDate="2005" docId="9E2AA724FFF4FFF7FEBFFDFCC65FFC4B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00936.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 936" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Pheidole Westwood" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="6213DF5CFFD6FFD5FFB7FFFAC458FFBD" masterDocTitle="A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1698662418635" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8F55479FFC03122A57EE776048E7E1A0">
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<mods:title id="63801BE7E37BFC81D66C7A234E1A2BF6">A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6AF31B89FCC0AF9257244067E6AC2C4D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E3F24AA0E0673858193A74923D4C296D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="733F7CC48E5988F5EC27FAD848CC992A">Ward, P. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:titleInfo id="D871927E40CDC7FD5FA1F66D74598804">
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<mods:title id="DB90F74B1D35E8872E626F5F30EDFC2D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="245CCEC9870373D7BCC1B673EA40DD50">
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<mods:date id="18551E057853A21B18E4C21687CD934B">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C7B8FD4DBCB73B260060604D0C7621AB" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="FCD5B3D61F7F3219072F4C32438D05BC">936</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="964941F125D390C7374D9E03E2EDC1B9">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="13AC5C7130517E58FE485AC51D422312">68</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="15D0020191B9A1AEE93BFD79F744576B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="7E6074BF01BC6C2AB705625D3E8C22A6" type="CLB-Dataset">39107</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="503CB199B87457980E1C2597E26B7353" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.171144</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="074D640BC2341799641C068C328883FA" type="Zenodo-Dep">171144</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9E2AA724FFF4FFF7FEBFFDFCC65FFC4B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6268896" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120674384" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6268896" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E2AA724FFF4FFF7FEBFFDFCC65FFC4B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9E2AA724FFF4FFF7FEBFFDFCC65FFC4B" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<subSubSection id="5E9945B9FFF4FFF7FEBFFDFCC65FFC4B" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="163C1632FFF4FFF7FEBFFDFCC609FD9D" blockId="34.[264,593,518,544]" box="[264,593,518,544]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFF4FFF7FEBFFDFCC609FD9D" bold="true" box="[264,593,518,544]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="D1836DB1FFF4FFF7FEE8FDFCC609FD9D" ID-CoL="6N3H" authority="Westwood" authorityName="Westwood" box="[351,593,518,544]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFF4FFF7FEE8FDFCC591FD9D" bold="true" box="[351,457,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Pheidole</emphasis>
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Westwood
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="163C1632FFF4FFF7FEBFFDB6C6D1FC93" blockId="34.[264,1324,588,1014]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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This is one of the world’s largest ant genera, with more than 600 species recognized in the New World alone (
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FE5FFD8EC6DEFD33" author="Wilson" box="[488,646,628,654]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Wilson, E. O. (2003) Pheidole in the New World. A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, [ix] + 794 pp." type="book" year="2003">Wilson 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). The native California
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<taxonomicName id="D1836DB1FFF4FFF7FC12FD8EC055FD30" box="[933,1037,628,653]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFF4FFF7FC12FD8EC055FD30" box="[933,1037,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Pheidole</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are all grounddwelling species, found in open, dry habitats. A few of the species are generalized scavengers, but most belong to a group of seedharvesting specialists, the
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<taxonomicName id="D1836DB1FFF4FFF7FC7DFD3EC067FD60" box="[970,1087,708,733]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilifera">
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFF4FFF7FC7DFD3EC067FD60" box="[970,1087,708,733]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">P. pilifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, with fifteen species in the state. There are also three introduced species, currently of limited distribution and confined to urban areas.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="163C1632FFF4FFF7FE8FFCC6C65FFC4B" blockId="34.[264,1324,588,1014]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Species identification: keys in
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FD13FCC6C71FFCEB" author="Gregg" box="[676,839,828,854]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Gregg, R. E. (1959 (" 1958 " )) Key to the species of Pheidole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the United States. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 66, 7 - 48." type="journal article" year="1959">Gregg (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FCE3FCC6C0E3FCEB" author="Wheeler" box="[852,1211,828,854]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. (1986 g) The ants of Nevada. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, vii + 138 pp." type="book" year="1986" yearSuffix="g">
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Wheeler and Wheeler (
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)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FB40FCC6C5D2FCC3" author="Wilson" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Wilson, E. O. (2003) Pheidole in the New World. A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, [ix] + 794 pp." type="book" year="2003">Wilson (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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. Additional references:
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FD10FC9EC7D9FCC3" box="[679,897,868,894]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Clark, W. H., Blom, P. E. & Lowman, A. M. (1986) Contents of a nest of the desert ant, Pheidole grallipes Wheeler, in Baja California, Mexico. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 62, 99 - 102." type="journal article">
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Clark
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFF4FFF7FD58FC9EC771FCC0" box="[751,809,868,893]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
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(1986)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FC3BFC9EC071FCC3" author="Cole" box="[908,1065,868,894]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Cole, A. C., Jr. (1956 c) Observations of some members of the genus Pheidole in the southwestern United States with synonymy (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 31, 112 - 118." type="journal article" year="1956" yearSuffix="c">Cole (1956c)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FB83FC9EC501FC1B" author="Creighton" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Creighton, W. S. & Gregg, R. E. (1955) New and little-known species of Pheidole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. University of Colorado Studies. Series in Biology, 3, 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1955">Creighton and Gregg (1955)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FED1FC76C665FC1B" author="Davidson" box="[358,573,908,934]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Davidson, D. W. (1977 a) Species diversity and community organization in desert seed-eating ants. Ecology, 58, 711 - 724." type="journal article" year="1977" yearSuffix="a">Davidson (1977a)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FDFDFC76C75EFC1B" author="Johnson" box="[586,774,908,934]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Johnson, R. A. (2000 a) Seed-harvester ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of North America: an overview of ecology and biogeography. Sociobiology, 36, 89 - 122 + 83 - 88." type="journal article" year="2000" yearSuffix="a">Johnson (2000a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FCA4FC76C738FC1B" author="Johnson" box="[787,864,908,934]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Johnson, R. A. (2000 b) Seed harvesting species of Pheidole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology, 36, 597." type="journal article" year="2000" yearSuffix="b">2000b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FCDBFC76C7F2FC1B" author="Johnson" box="[876,938,908,934]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Johnson, R. A. (2001) Biogeography and community structure of North American seed-harvesting ants. Annual Review of Entomology, 46, 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FC77FC76C0EBFC1B" box="[960,1203,908,934]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Langen, T. A., Tripet, F. & Nonacs, P. (2000) The red and the black: habituation and the dear-enemy phenomenon in two desert Pheidole ants. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 48, 285 - 292." type="journal article">
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Langen
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFF4FFF7FBA8FC76C00AFC18" box="[1055,1106,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
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. (2000)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FB76FC76C517FC73" author="Martinez" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Martinez, M. J. (1992) A new ant introduction for North America: Pheidole teneriffana (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 68, 153 - 154." type="journal article" year="1992">Martinez (1992</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FEECFC4EC5C0FC73" author="Martinez" box="[347,408,948,974]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Martinez, M. J. (1996) The first North American record for the ant Pheidole fervens Fr. Smith (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 72, 171 - 172." type="journal article" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FE12FC4EC5BCFC73" author="Martinez" box="[421,484,948,974]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Martinez, M. J. (1997) The first record of the ant Pheidole moerens Wheeler from the western United States (Hymenoptera Formicidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 73, 46." type="journal article" year="1997">1997</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FE4EFC4EC69AFC73" author="Snelling" box="[505,706,948,974]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Snelling, R. R. (1992 b) A newly adventive ant of the genus Pheidole in southern California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 91, 121 - 125." type="journal article" year="1992" yearSuffix="b">Snelling (1992b)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FD79FC4EC041FC73" author="Snelling" box="[718,1049,948,974]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Snelling, R. R. & George, C. D. (1979) The taxonomy, distribution and ecology of California desert ants. Report to California Desert Plan Program, Bureau of Land Management, U. S. Dept. Interior. 335 pp. + 89 pp." type="book" year="1979">Snelling and George (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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, Ward (2000),
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFF4FFF7FB7EFC4EC65BFC4B" author="Wheeler" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. (1973 e) Ants of Deep Canyon. University of California, Riverside, California, xiii + 162 pp." type="book" year="1973" yearSuffix="e">Wheeler and Wheeler (1973e)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |