222 lines
29 KiB
XML
222 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="5AEC0B9137A426310FA86A51B9670B3A" ID-CLB-Dataset="25701" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.75.884" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c11b212f-31f6-4c92-b218-c76d411c3941" ID-PMC="PMC3088044" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-75-21" ID-PubMed="21594138" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-75-21" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 75" ModsDocTitle="A new species of Amblyodus Westwood, 1878 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) from South America" checkinTime="1451250841376" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Grossi, Paschoal Coelho & Grossi, Everardo Jose" docDate="2011" docId="9B788EC33C5935C5C8024C7C64ADA52D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 75: 21-28" docOrigin="ZooKeys 75" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.75.884" docTitle="Amblyodus castroi Grossi & Grossi, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFDBFFF8FFD7D943FF95B526FFFFAA79" masterDocTitle="A new species of Amblyodus Westwood, 1878 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) from South America" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1732886983446" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="7DA8C302774884D82B74769C6829D239" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="187CC8865E5F67DB53A1127AD8F40E91">
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<mods:title id="4B679FDEF602B3852BE52115E36CFF8F">A new species of Amblyodus Westwood, 1878 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) from South America</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B197DE079B230211DB4D041BB55C1609" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="717F07D1F2569DA7DA9EB8F3893E15BB">Grossi, Paschoal Coelho</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="32E594E64C40AFCA94F3E85882277AC8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="78832DBCB43465DFF2C5A223D0CA9C15">Grossi, Everardo Jose</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B54C858710BEBA54C81C402A846C9157">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C261D8A19746CA3D233B196219FF1A59">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="24AF68D866CD61F36DC0226E56E7B9C4">
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<mods:date id="82E0372F6451152578ABBF48B764CBAB">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="FD5E88E825170AB7ED93EA62D58857DE" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="7B771333D974866CD855030073E2E42B">75</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="75AA64C6E393ABE1B0BC2A02F37D830B" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="E0B5A34C0C047466CF2F5C693CAF465C">21</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="14C8771329638B0E526B0C49ABA96C93">28</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="5579B36AA58FB8955F1551B3D3CE5C7D">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.75.884</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="5B689E1B655F8314043577E94FBCC6B1">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CE403162CC72332EE7C0712777969F03" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.75.884</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F2AE29867C1862F226863E24E500514A" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-75-21</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="9B788EC33C5935C5C8024C7C64ADA52D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159361086" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:37121595-32A5-4339-93DD-BC7F1AE006B9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B788EC33C5935C5C8024C7C64ADA52D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Dynastinae">
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<subSubSection id="9B88294A131037BF39D5280C4B796B85" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CECE1878B93598A9D3C1DA79515A738B" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="8E164D28C06995027C9224B06FC63B75" ID-CoL="CM3G" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:37121595-32A5-4339-93DD-BC7F1AE006B9" authority="Grossi & Grossi" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus castroi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castroi">Amblyodus castroi Grossi & Grossi</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7272D2C95AB88CA776E57DA4BDEE90DB" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1-813, 14
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E308EDB71B4BBFDB60DD525F005464B9" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="5D5AC8FCD6E7DA43C50BFCD7612780B2" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6939201FCE7B38444A7F5DD74B294634" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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Holotype male, dissected, labeled: a) "male symbol label"; b) "Brasil, Amazonas,
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<taxonomicName id="F90229F7D355E306559D824DA17BF23E" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" rank="tribe" tribe="Uarini">Uarini</taxonomicName>
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,/ 03°02'57"S, 65°41'42"W,/ 22/VII-03/VIII/1995, P./
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<normalizedToken id="1B06B0C5947CD35E9C97E0D02AEB2CA4" originalValue="Bührnhein">Buehrnhein</normalizedToken>
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, N.Aguiar & al."; c) handwritten label "NO ALBURNO DE/ TRONCO
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<normalizedToken id="D07B6BE664C549C516D26B81E9247DEA" originalValue="CAÍDO">CAIDO</normalizedToken>
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/ 01/VIII/1995" (UFAM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="42CB47B7C7938CCA3F2054CA618A18CD" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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Paratypes, 4 males and 7 females labeled: 1 female a) "female symbol label", b) "Brasil, Amazonas,
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<taxonomicName id="7681DC1856C2A2A09292E58BCFA70C17" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" rank="tribe" tribe="Uarini">Uarini</taxonomicName>
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,/ 03°02'57"S, 65°41'42"W,/ 22/VII-03/VIII/1995, P./
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<normalizedToken id="862C95CDE696A0BE0E8704FD937B9E85" originalValue="Bührnhein">Buehrnhein</normalizedToken>
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, N.Aguiar & al."; c) handwritten label "NO ALBURNO DE/ TRONCO
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<normalizedToken id="150377FE5219964853ED2032FDC6A201" originalValue="CAÍDO">CAIDO</normalizedToken>
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/ 01/VIII/1995" (CEMT). 3 females labeled "Brasil, Amazonas, Coari,/ Duto
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<pageBreakToken id="75F377935BB47073193A16224357CC98" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" start="start">Urucu</pageBreakToken>
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/Porto Terminal,/ 04°50'16"S, 65°20'36"W,/ 16/VI/1996, Buhmheim (sic),/ PF, Aguiar, NO, Arruda,/ AMR & Gualberto, TL col." (UFAM). 1 male labeled a) "Brasil, Amazonas, Coari,/ Duto Urucu/Porto Terminal,/ 04°50'16"S, 65°20'36"W,/ 16/VI/1996,
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<normalizedToken id="59714C84FBBB4E089D79EE7A4C4236E5" originalValue="Bühmheim">Buehmheim</normalizedToken>
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(sic),/ P.F. & Aguiar, N.O. col."; b) handwritten label "Em tronco/
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<normalizedToken id="7148E21DA5C27DA4D1CB38CAFCA00B43" originalValue="caído”">caido"</normalizedToken>
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(EPGC). 1 female labeled "PERU, Junin, Puerto/ Ocopa, I-2007, 600m/ 11°07'50"S, 74°17'46"W/ S.Castro col." (EPGC). 1 female a) "BRASIL:
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<normalizedToken id="3A5FF3F7BB9F00D2B76AA68C5B3DD56F" originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
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: Porto/ Velho, margem direita/ do Rio Madeira, IX-2004" (EPCG). 1 male labeled "PERU, Ucayali, Via/ Puerto Ocopa-Ucayali,/ XII-2009, 1200m,/ 11°03'51"S, 74°15'39"W/ S. Castro col." (MIIS); 1 male labeled "PERU, Junin,Huerto/ Eden c.a, near Puerto/ Prado XII-2009/ 1800m, local collector" (JSC). 1 male labeled a) "BR 14, Km 92/
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<normalizedToken id="E1AF060916D2F4AD618154E39B3B56EA" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
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, Brasil/ E. Lobato XII. 60" (IOC). 1 female labeled a) handwritten label "S. Paulo de/
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<normalizedToken id="E6FAAABE73600B54A52E34C4D85984C6" originalValue="Olivença">Olivenca</normalizedToken>
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/
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<normalizedToken id="7995E638E7E9D3B2FEB44CD2422D0B6F" originalValue="Solimões">Solimoes</normalizedToken>
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/ VIII. - Fassl", b)
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<normalizedToken id="C630784CB85C0AFF04687CCEB1C5760F" originalValue="“Coleção">"Colecao</normalizedToken>
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/ J. F. Zikan" (IOC). All paratypes additionally labeled, yellow label, "
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<taxonomicName id="F3DEC6ACA891945AB674B5ABE8595EFE" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus castroi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castroi">Amblyodus castroi</taxonomicName>
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/ PARATYPE/ Grossi & Grossi.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9EE5EF56260B3E4F5A8F5A990960A4DA" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="3D7A4A697ED8F92E91088716B97B1535" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DFC6A62ACC56FA0C6F51E4F7F137F1E9" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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Head with frontal horns less divergent, being almost parallel (Fig 3). Pronotal disc more declivous than in
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<taxonomicName id="8C777EEBF96632E5E8F7A6427478D6DA" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus taurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taurus">Amblyodus taurus</taxonomicName>
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with lateral carinae distinctly higher in males majors (Fig 4), posterior furrow deeply excavated as opposed to a less excavated furrow in
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<taxonomicName id="0D91DAB9D078A594CE4C574C15F8C000" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus taurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taurus">Amblyodus taurus</taxonomicName>
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(Figs 9 and 10). Aedeagus with internal margin of parameres concave, not parallel; external margin less constricted than in
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<taxonomicName id="C224B529E9CFB42EFA7BAF672D8DE341" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus taurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taurus">Amblyodus taurus</taxonomicName>
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where internal margin is almost parallel, and external margin abruptly constricted (Figs 11 and 12).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9A042828EEF86BA376112D285611FB21" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="holotype description">
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<paragraph id="A068BEF3E87305BB93048B3DC80EDF4B" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Holotype description</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BA87A0118A921F64471F5AD9E60F87E8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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(Figs 1 and 2). Total body length 20 mm. Total pronotal width 9.2 mm. Body elongated, about 2 times longer than wide, color dark brown dorsally and reddish brown ventrally; dorsal surface glabrous, with sterna being setose. Head: Surface smooth and glabrous with sparse micropunctures; in frontal view with two lateral, concave areas with scattered C-shaped puntures. Clypeus subtriangular, laterally bordered and slightly upturned, convex and with acute apex. Canthi intruding upon eyes just before first third. Frons with two erect, diverging, posteriorly recurving horns. Interocular width equals 3.3 mm. Mandibles tridentate with inner tooth more acute; teeth upturned. Antennae 10 segmented with scape as long as the 6 next segments; club with segments subequal in length. Pronotum: Shape trapezoidal, narrower than both elytra together; discal area with C-shaped punctures combined with reticulated areas, flat and declivous; anterior border incomplete. Lateral and posterior sides of pronotal depression strongly carinated, anterior carina more pronounced, higher, being convex and wider posteriorly; carina at base weakly emarginate; carina posteriorly interrupted at middle by a longitudinal furrow, internally weakly angulate; furrow about 4.5 times narrower than head width. Anterior angles acute, posterior angles rounded. Outer side and lateral posterior side of pronotal surface punctate; punctures ocellate, sometimes coalescent, posteriorly larger. Elytra: Discal area with 5 rows of large ocellate punctures, rows weakly impressed. Interstriae slightly convex, with scattered small punctures. Lateral edges with 5 similar rows of ocellate punctures, instead of by some ocellate punctures between third and fourth rows. Pygidium: Shape convex in lateral view; surface densely punctate; punctures ocellate, moderately sized, elongate near dorsal margin. Sixth ventrite sinuous at middle. Legs: Protibiae quadridentate, proximal tooth smaller, distal ones bigger. Metatibiae with 5 apical teeth. Parameres:
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<pageBreakToken id="7F287B6DB68B605649EA50B4CFB1D8C7" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" start="start">Shape</pageBreakToken>
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symmetrical, narrower at apex; apex dilated, laterally roundly angulated, apically rounded, triangle shaped; internal side of each paramera concave, not parallel (Fig 5). In lateral view shaft constricted, with a post-anterior concavity; dorso-ventral carina incomplete, not reaching ventral margin; with a flat, truncate tooth near base (Fig 6).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="4C1B697DA4BF9109BB0B119F1063D167" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="FEB628846D335C00560E8BADBED9FEC4" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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Figures 1-2. Habitus of
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<taxonomicName id="F43C64DEE33E376878AF28EBA2344C03" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus castroi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castroi">Amblyodus castroi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., male holotype. 1 Dorsal view 2 Lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="3738F96BF970340A808B68B631E08EEF" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Female paratypes. Similar to male in general aspects except for the following characters: Head: Frontal horns less developed and never reaching pronotal middle. Pronotum: Pronotal depression narrower, near anterior margin smooth, not punctate; lateral carina smaller with a weak acute projection before first third (Figs 7 and 8); pronotal furrow longer, ending just before posterior margin. Pygidium: Shape wider laterally and shorter, with punctures smaller. Sixth ventrite not sinuous at middle.</paragraph>
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<caption id="FED3550722A1AE934550AC9985226D49" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="E51472166540202CB45B45C5875F77EE" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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Figures 3-14.
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<taxonomicName id="791C0D2A15D28B6FD2C91024061398CD" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amblyodus</taxonomicName>
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spp. 3-4 Head and pronotum of a male major of
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<taxonomicName id="125607B46DA042A3AB0427EF6D7B30B7" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus castroi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castroi">Amblyodus castroi</taxonomicName>
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in dorsal and lateral views respectively 5-6 Parameres of
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<taxonomicName id="099123D072A10455EAB786E848FB81FF" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus castroi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castroi">Amblyodus castroi</taxonomicName>
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in caudal and lateral views respectively 7-8 Head and pronotum of a female of
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<taxonomicName id="BD1E8624E595AB4736429622DC2D44EE" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus castroi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castroi">Amblyodus castroi</taxonomicName>
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in dorsal and lateral views respectively 9-10 Head and pronotum of
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<taxonomicName id="04D3AAD12B50EEA6769D015869AA830B" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus taurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taurus">Amblyodus taurus</taxonomicName>
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in dorsal and lateral views respectively 11-12 Parameres of
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<taxonomicName id="FB0ABA76663CEFA8A6AF58E2FC8B1639" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus taurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taurus">Amblyodus taurus</taxonomicName>
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in caudal and lateral views respectively 13-14 Head and pronotum of a male minor of
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<taxonomicName id="3F956C5035159168E5184F36C99268AB" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus castroi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castroi">Amblyodus castroi</taxonomicName>
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in dorsal and lateral views respectively. Arrows indicate apical lateral carina, 6 (incomplete) and 12 (complete).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="199DE262CBCCD828CF709F017D1552A2" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="variation of male paratypes">
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<paragraph id="1D852CB85BACCCDD6BFEE6D20A93330A" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Variation of male paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3BAC60BFFFA6A21226DC0759D2FE9FE7" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Smaller males possess less developed and less posteriorly recurving frontal horns. Pronotal carina very weakly pronounced (Figs 13 and 14).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5D3771AEA1DE1721A791D13F36C34B96" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="F3C537028F5D56BA84250F88E875FBE0" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="21114E13AF09CDC316A23B92953BAFE1" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">The species is named castroi in homage of Sergio Castro who provided us with part of the paratypes from Peru.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B9BC3B790BFB78EFA0967A6B7ED51CD" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="B530B2FBC9AF5C5BF3C12D17ABE09176" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="287245F652E13F384E73AB01546DC4B8" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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When recording the new occurrence of
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<taxonomicName id="9255C5A5DEF9B82AEB62E28FEE2AEAB2" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus taurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taurus">Amblyodus taurus</taxonomicName>
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for South America,
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<bibRefCitation id="3C85A5E45C26B7B58F2CFDDBDED42ECE" author="Gasca Alvarez, HJ" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Mexicana (nueva serie)" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" pagination="221 - 224" title="Primer Registro de Amblyodus taurus Westwood, 1878 (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini) em Brasil." volume="24" year="2008">Gasca and Aguiar (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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misapplied the name
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<taxonomicName id="1DCFBA771749B0B02F0B4E6698F288A5" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus taurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taurus">Amblyodus taurus</taxonomicName>
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to the material they had on hand. Actually both species of
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<taxonomicName id="35710229354EE56F4380101CE82755B5" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amblyodus</taxonomicName>
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are similar in appearance, which is common in
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<taxonomicName id="A666B4FA77BC9546657B3DF13B3C09E5" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" rank="tribe" tribe="Phileurini">Phileurini</taxonomicName>
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. The authors also stated that the only two genera of the tribe that possess elongate frontal horns were
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<taxonomicName id="77A1826B817AC757BAEC0513C0D953E9" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amblyodus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="1E412CD010BCAFBBF7D5A3A86BFC526B" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oryctophileurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oryctophileurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oryctophileurus</taxonomicName>
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Kolbe, 1910. However,
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<taxonomicName id="36B5EEC7E33AEBFEF8C5C02C3515B717" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Ceratophileurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratophileurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ceratophileurus</taxonomicName>
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Ohaus, 1911 also possess this character in both sexes (
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<bibRefCitation id="11D657B0398413EB3BCC865B2CE6F46E" author="Gillett, CPDT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" pagination="193 - 198" title="The rare rhinoceros beetle, Ceratophileurus lemouti Ohaus, 1911, in French Guiana and Suriname (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Phileurini)." volume="34" year="2010">Gillett et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FAF18C4C2E985BB1BCE416AD3609D375" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="5BCE186058AA4459FAC915707A350E38" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amblyodus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="23A0BE76681D9792294E666CF02FCC1C" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oryctophileurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oryctophileurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oryctophileurus</taxonomicName>
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share the lateral pronotal carina and pronotal shape: elongate, widely flattened, depressed with discal depression totally wrinkled. Additionally, both genera have almost no external sexual dimorphism, as females also possess a well-developed frontal horn, a feature that makes the distinction between genders difficult, being the shape of the last sternite the better way to determine gender in these cases. Moreover parameres have almost the same shape, and the shape of prosternal process is also shared between
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<taxonomicName id="15F2F2AFB9AF2BCDD619621F87751D07" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amblyodus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="E684EDA610DF2DB284E1118ECE97D062" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oryctophileurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oryctophileurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oryctophileurus</taxonomicName>
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, namely flat ventrally and with a spine-like process posteriorly. Based on several morphological characters, there is a possibility that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4718846EEF81EBE808143DA7294D44E4" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oryctophileurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oryctophileurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oryctophileurus</taxonomicName>
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|
could be a synonym of
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C3C329D3F8A622D9AFB5F3BEB340E37" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amblyodus</taxonomicName>
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because the unique feature to distinguishing both genera is the number of frontal horns, one or two, which is not a good character within
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|
<taxonomicName id="CE04036D440C00C40249BC8AEC4B8D78" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dynastinae">Dynastinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
as some genera are usually extremely allometric. Only with the examination of the type species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A9B346F5066A6D3D3825415F6C1FD97B" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oryctophileurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oryctophileurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oryctophileurus</taxonomicName>
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, will it be possible to affirm if they are congeneric or not.
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|
</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="095D4070B4BF398868A5DEC858AB93F0" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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|
The holotype male is an incomplete specimen and it was apparently damaged by an axe during collecting inside dead logs. It is the same male specimen illustrated by
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|
<bibRefCitation id="16823A9CA676CE5F43BE7F5D4DEA8858" author="Gasca Alvarez, HJ" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Mexicana (nueva serie)" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" pagination="221 - 224" title="Primer Registro de Amblyodus taurus Westwood, 1878 (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini) em Brasil." volume="24" year="2008">Gasca and Aguiar (2008, figure 1, male in lateral view)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="BC8FAF2DFC1A0607E9A4DD1AE32331CE" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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|
The genus
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|
<taxonomicName id="60626E500F573463F6A4C5CF1AE284A1" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amblyodus</taxonomicName>
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|
is recorded for the first time from Peru and from Brazil states of
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|
<normalizedToken id="6F6FFB6C89C3F0280A603417A9F10B0B" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
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|
and
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|
<normalizedToken id="54A02D9335D551B0468389DB8EFDC92F" originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
|
|
(Fig 15). It is possible that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B1B7F3472833995973719B270AAC98C8" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus castroi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castroi">Amblyodus castroi</taxonomicName>
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occurs in all the Amazonian subregion.
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</paragraph>
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|
<caption id="FB9253142C757A8CAEDE1B3C0F5F1226" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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|
<paragraph id="989172413E4561714618BEC4234E63A1" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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|
Figure 15. Known distribution map of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="70416EAF7EFF3AA8E04739D32B0B4A12" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amblyodus</taxonomicName>
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|
species.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A25B6A826B3853BC62ADEC2B4DE71C01" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus taurus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taurus">Amblyodus taurus</taxonomicName>
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|
(circles) and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C4FA252284F87429A2344E26AF2ACB42" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus castroi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castroi">Amblyodus castroi</taxonomicName>
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|
(squares).
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</paragraph>
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|
</caption>
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|
<paragraph id="5AC50F47412A8EBAD775A7331CF6B553" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
|
|
Characters used to diagnose the genus by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660CC7246D3EC8405A279AE389E99FA2" author="Ratcliffe, BC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the University of the Nebraska State Museum 16:, 1 - 50" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" title="The Dynastine Scarab Beetles of Costa Rica and Panama (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae)." year="2003">Ratcliffe (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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|
and
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<bibRefCitation id="3DD8299F81FCD0966912599066677C99" author="Ratcliffe, BC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the University of the Nebraska State Museum 21:, 1 - 42" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" title="The Dynastine Scarab Beetles of Honduras, Nicaragua and El Salvador (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae)." year="2006">Ratcliffe and Cave (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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|
are confirmed with the new species described here, except for the presence of six teeth on the apex of the metatibiae. In
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F4659E9893CAFA036D81902EA5D685" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Amblyodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyodus castroi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castroi">Amblyodus castroi</taxonomicName>
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|
, that is a variable character, as the number of teeth may be five or six.
|
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</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |