161 lines
19 KiB
XML
161 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="610BB59E4A707A57493B533EC028AF48" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6808230" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e219b7cf-baff-4e8f-8253-d785c8f4e1ab" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6808230" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.treatments_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1655916046638" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="9B33315427758D71FFF2FE7FFE2FF541" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Tenrecidae_0134.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Echinops telfairi Martin 1838" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="163" masterDocId="670A492C27778D73FF9AFF83FFE8FFE0" masterDocTitle="Tenrecidae" masterLastPageNumber="172" masterPageNumber="134" pageNumber="163" updateTime="1699341152549" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="314B9DAE0A53551C5128724D2D22233A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B4A59C2F8E1AAE33358C98EC098F624C">
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<mods:title id="1BB5F24971CD7EFB70F14A8F523E5412">Tenrecidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6B437D4FA5AF408D883CB048B5EBD5F6">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4C1BA2F8A09BE48219426B9B9D9E91AE">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BB6A54A1ED5E005F87178FA8F37D871D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="7424ED967C2D5254E11E919B443D6ADB">2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="5A2E6DB7DCB69CFC324ECEE23B9D7ADF" type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="582E30AF45567173405A72268F68D4BF">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="9B3FE4EE699B7419D9A7BF09AC730C0E">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="B4B0A3A548DB585539A788A8CADEC547">
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<mods:title id="D7ADDDC22957768EB699858430C4CDC1">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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<mods:identifier id="F927F05B85AFCE447C2FA75AFC45FC32" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9B33315427758D71FFF2FE7FFE2FF541" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6686147" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197824362" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6686147" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B33315427758D71FFF2FE7FFE2FF541" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B33315427758D71FFF2FE7FFE2FF541" lastPageNumber="163" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FFF2FE7FFF6DFDCA" box="[104,133,508,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FFF2FE7FFF6DFDCA" blockId="2.[104,1028,508,554]" box="[104,133,508,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<figureCitation id="8BA19CC727758D71FFF2FE7FFF6DFDCA" box="[104,133,508,554]" captionStart="Plate 7: Tenrecidae" captionStartId="2.[100,130,3210,3235]" captionTargetBox="[12,2737,14,3640]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec (Echinops telfairi), 2. Greater Hedgehog Tenrec (Setifer setosus), 3. Tailless Tenrec (Tenrec ecaudatus), 4. Lowland Streaked Tenrec (Hemacenteles semispinosus), 5. Highland Streaked Tenrec (Hemicentetes nigriceps), 6. Large-eared Tenrec (Geogale aurita), 7. Mole-like Rice Tenrec (Oryzorictes hova), 8. Four-toed Rice Tenrec (Oryzorictes tetradactylus), 9. Dobson’s Shrew Tenrec (Nesogale dobsoni), 10. Talazac’s Shrew Tenrec (Nesogale talazact), 11. Montane Shrew Tenrec (Macrogale monticola), 12. Dryad Shrew Tenrec (Microgale dryas), 13. Short-tailed Shrew Tenrec (Microgale brevicaudata), 14. Pygmy Shrew Tenrec (Microgale parvula), 15. Lesser Long-tailed Shrew Tenrec (Mucrogale longicaudata), 16. Drouhard’s Shrew Tenrec (Microgale drouhardi), 17. Taiva Shrew Tenrec (Microgale taiva), 18. Pale Shrew (Tenrec Mucrogalefotsifotsy), 19. Greater Long-tailed Shrew Tenrec (Microgale principula), 20. Cowan's Shrew Tenrec (Microgale cowant), 21. Naked-nosed Shrew Tenrec (Microgale gymnorhyncha), 22. Shrew-toothed Shrew Tenrec (Microgale soricoides), 23. Major's Shrew Tenrec (Microgale major), 24. Gracile Shrew Tenrec (Microgale gracilis), 25. Thomas’s Shrew Tenrec (Microgale thomasi), 26. Grandidier’s Shrew Tenrec (Muicrogale grandidieri), 27. Web-footed Tenrec (Microgale mergulus), 28. Least Shrew Tenrec (Muicrogale pusilla), 29. Dark Shrew (Tenrec Microgalejobihely), 30. Nasolo’s Shrew Tenrec (Microgale nasoloi), 31. Jenkins’s Shrew (Tenrec Microgalejenkinsae)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6808314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6808314/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">1.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FF0CFE7FFD49FDCA" box="[150,673,508,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FF0CFE7FFD49FDCA" blockId="2.[104,1028,508,554]" box="[150,673,508,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<vernacularName id="9D99F06C27758D71FF0CFE7FFD49FDCA" box="[150,673,508,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FD7CFE7FFBECFDCA" box="[742,1028,508,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FD7CFE7FFBECFDCA" blockId="2.[104,1028,508,554]" box="[742,1028,508,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<taxonomicName id="D49AFBC127758D71FD7CFE7FFBECFDCA" ID-CoL="38K9H" authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="1838" box="[742,1028,508,554]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Echinops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="telfairi">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FD7CFE7FFBECFDCA" box="[742,1028,508,554]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Echinops telfairi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FFFFFDBFFD86FD98" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FFFFFDBFFD86FD98" blockId="2.[100,998,572,632]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FFFFFDBFFF58FDB1" bold="true" box="[101,176,572,593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="9D99F06C27758D71FF20FDBFFE6FFDB1" box="[186,391,572,593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Petit Tenrec-hérisson</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FE06FDBFFE1FFDB1" bold="true" box="[412,503,572,593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="9D99F06C27758D71FD9BFDBFFD47FDB1" box="[513,687,572,593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Kleiner Igeltenrek</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FD5EFDBFFCF7FDB1" bold="true" box="[708,799,572,593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="9D99F06C27758D71FCBFFDBFFC0EFDB1" box="[805,998,572,593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Tenrec erizo menor</vernacularName>
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FFFEFDE0FEB3FD98" bold="true" box="[100,347,611,632]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="9D99F06C27758D71FEFFFDE0FD86FD98" box="[357,622,611,632]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Lesser Madagascar Tenrec</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FD53FD29FAFEFD27" box="[713,1302,682,711]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FD53FD29FAFEFD27" blockId="2.[713,1305,682,1105]" box="[713,1302,682,711]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FD53FD29FC8CFD27" bold="true" box="[713,868,682,711]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="D49AFBC127758D71FCEFFD29FAFAFD27" ID-CoL="38K9H" authority="Martin, 1838" authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="1838" box="[885,1298,682,711]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Echinops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="telfairi">Echinops telfairi Martin, 1838</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FD50FD4EFC7DFD0E" box="[714,917,717,750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FD50FD4EFC7DFD0E" blockId="2.[713,1305,682,1105]" box="[714,917,717,750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<materialsCitation id="A3F28A1F27758D71FD50FD4EFC7DFD0E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864418325" box="[714,917,717,750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">“Madagascar?”</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FD53FD76FB0EFC84" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FD53FD76FB0EFC84" blockId="2.[713,1305,682,1105]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<taxonomicName id="D49AFBC127758D71FD53FD76FC48FCF6" authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="1838" box="[713,928,757,790]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Echinops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="telfairi">Echinops telfairi</taxonomicName>
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is considered to form a clade with
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<taxonomicName id="D49AFBC127758D71FCFAFC9FFBEFFCDD" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1778" box="[864,1031,796,829]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Setifer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="setosus">Setifer setosus</taxonomicName>
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based on morphology and molecular studies. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FD53FCECFBB2FC53" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="description">
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<caption id="47E5D0CA27758D71FD53FCECFBB2FC53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6808236" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6808236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6808236/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" targetBox="[98,689,685,1100]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FD53FCECFBB2FC53" blockId="2.[713,1305,682,1105]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FD53FCECFC91FC6C" bold="true" box="[713,889,879,908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Distribution.</emphasis>
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W, SW & SE Madagascar, mainly S of Tsiribihina River.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FD53FC39FF05FADC" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FD53FC39FF05FADC" blockId="2.[713,1305,682,1105]" lastBlockId="2.[98,1304,1111,2721]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FD53FC39FC0BFC3B" bold="true" box="[713,995,954,987]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 104-165 mm, tail 13 mm, ear 16-25 mm, hindfoot 16-21 mm; weight 50-95 g. Crown of head and dorsal and lateral surfaces of body of the Lesser Hedgehog
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<taxonomicName id="D49AFBC127758D71FDD3FBD4FD43FB98" box="[585,683,1111,1144]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Tenrec" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tenrec</taxonomicName>
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are covered with dense, sharp, 10-12mm spines. Individuals vary from very pale to very dark; some spines can be dark over most of the length, light at tips, or dark for the entire length; no noticeable underfur is evident. Ventral surface, head, and limbs are covered with short, slightly bristly, light buffy hair. Ears are prominent. Dental formula is 2/2, C1/1,P 3/3, M 2/2 (x2) = 32.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FFFEFAC7FDC4FA54" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FFFEFAC7FDC4FA54" blockId="2.[98,1304,1111,2721]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FFFEFAC7FF3AFA85" bold="true" box="[100,210,1348,1381]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Humid to sub-humid, dry, and dry spiny forests, open woodland, and degraded habitat from near sea level to elevations of 1300 m. The Lesser Hedgehog
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<taxonomicName id="D49AFBC127758D71FB2CFAE8FAFFFA6C" box="[1206,1303,1387,1420]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Tenrec" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tenrec</taxonomicName>
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occupies arboreal microhabitats.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FFFEFA39FDC0F9E3" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FFFEFA39FDC0F9E3" blockId="2.[98,1304,1111,2721]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FFFEFA39FE85FA3B" bold="true" box="[100,365,1466,1499]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Captive Lesser Hedgehog Tenrecs eat species of Orthoptera and Annelida and occasionally frogs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FFFEF98AFEB8F8DE" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FFFEF98AFEB8F8DE" blockId="2.[98,1304,1111,2721]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FFFEF98AFF01F9CA" bold="true" box="[100,233,1545,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Lesser Hedgehog Tenrecs go through torpor for 3-5 months during cold season and begin mating when they emerge, usually in October. Gestation lasts 50-60 days, 61-64 days, or 62-68 days. Young are usually born in wet season when prey is most abundant. Litters have 1-6 young (4-5 embryos observed in wild specimens). Young are born nearly naked, with eyes and auditory meatus closed; eyes open at 7-9 days old; auditory meatus open at 14-16 days; and weaning begins at 18-23 days. Young begin to forage outside their nests with their mothers when they are c.3 weeks old, continuing to 4-5 weeks old.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FFF8F8C7FC32F7CA" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="activity">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FFF8F8C7FC32F7CA" blockId="2.[98,1304,1111,2721]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FFF8F8C7FEA5F885" bold="true" box="[98,333,1860,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Lesser Hedgehog
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<taxonomicName id="D49AFBC127758D71FD01F8C7FD14F885" box="[667,764,1860,1893]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Tenrec" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tenrec</taxonomicName>
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is nocturnal, arboreal, and terrestrial. It shows daily and seasonal torpidity. Daily cycle includes gradual decline in body temperature and breathing rate to minima before noon, and they gradually increase to maxima at midnight. Lesser Hedgehog Tenrecs spend the day in nests of leaves and dead grasses in cavities oftree trunks and limbs, under logs, or at bases of trees, leaving the nest in early evening to forage. They enter torpor in winter.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FFF9F7B3FE6BF6DD" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FFF9F7B3FE6BF6DD" blockId="2.[98,1304,1111,2721]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FFF9F7B3FCCAF7B1" bold="true" box="[99,802,2096,2129]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Lesser Hedgehog Tenrecs are generally solitary when observed foraging in the wild, but they are apparently slightly socially tolerant; up to two individuals have been found together during seasonal torpor. Encounters in captivity between two males either led to mutual avoidance or fighting, which can be very aggressive. Scent marking occurs with deposition of feces and urine in specific places, and individuals drag their perineal regions across substrates when exploring new areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FFF9F6C7FB4EF655" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FFF9F6C7FB4EF655" blockId="2.[98,1304,1111,2721]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FFF9F6C7FE56F685" bold="true" box="[99,446,2372,2405]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Lesser Hedgehog
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<taxonomicName id="D49AFBC127758D71FE9AF6EFFE89F66D" box="[256,353,2412,2445]" class="Mammalia" family="Tenrecidae" genus="Tenrec" kingdom="Animalia" order="Afrosoricida" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tenrec</taxonomicName>
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presumably has a large overall, stable population and wide distribution. It occurs in protected areas and is tolerant of some habitat modification.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B80D3C927758D71FFFEF647FE2FF541" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph id="1325804227758D71FFFEF647FE2FF541" blockId="2.[98,1304,1111,2721]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis id="21EE5C5027758D71FFFEF647FF14F63D" bold="true" box="[100,252,2500,2525]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Asher & Hofreiter (2006), Eibl-Eibesfeldt (1965), Eisenberg & Gould (1970), Everson et al. (2016), Goodman, Jenkins & Pidgeon (1999), Goodman, Soarimalala et al. (2013), Gould (1965), Gould & Eisenberg (1966), Herter (1962), Lovegrove & Génin (2008), Oelkrug et al. (2013), Olson & Goodman (2003), Poppitt et al. (1994), Poux, Madsen, Glos et al. (2008), Poux, Madsen, Marquard et al. (2005), Salton & Sargis (2008a, 2008b, 2009), Soarimalala & Goodman (2011), Stephenson, Racey & Rakotondraparany (1994), Stephenson, Soarimalala & Goodman (20164).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |