187 lines
17 KiB
XML
187 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.754.23296" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7cc476ae-fe07-45a8-ac3a-4538c154c677" ID-PMC="PMC5945789" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-754-113" ID-PubMed="29755259" ID-ZBK="4956FE6C9FA64D3FA9B9436EC90052F5" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-754-113" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 754" ModsDocTitle="Descriptions of two new species of Platygaster Latreille that attack gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) with notes on their biology (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae)" checkinTime="1525369572086" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Matsuo, Kazunori, Fujii, Tomohisa, Tokuda, Makoto, Ganaha-Kikumura, Tomoko, Yukawa, Junichi & Yamagishi, Kenzou" docDate="2018" docId="9A9752A781A2BCBBD334EDC1E417A35A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 754: 113-125" docOrigin="ZooKeys 754" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.754.23296" docTitle="Platygaster ingeniosus Matsuo & Yamagishi, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="AEE14D9B-872E-446A-93C7-56270048F020" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="117" masterDocId="FFC81964FFBF611981314E4F212BFFD6" masterDocTitle="Descriptions of two new species of Platygaster Latreille that attack gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) with notes on their biology (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae)" masterLastPageNumber="125" masterPageNumber="113" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1668165751063" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>Descriptions of two new species of Platygaster Latreille that attack gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) with notes on their biology (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae)</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Matsuo, Kazunori</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Fujii, Tomohisa</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Tokuda, Makoto</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Ganaha-Kikumura, Tomoko</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Yukawa, Junichi</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Yamagishi, Kenzou</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part>
|
|
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number>754</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start>113</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end>125</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location>
|
|
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.754.23296</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.754.23296</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-754-113</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">4956FE6C9FA64D3FA9B9436EC90052F5</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4956FE6C9FA64D3FA9B9436EC90052F5</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="143754573" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AEE14D9B-872E-446A-93C7-56270048F020" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A9752A781A2BCBBD334EDC1E417A35A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="1" pageNumber="114">
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="114">
|
|
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/AEE14D9B-872E-446A-93C7-56270048F020" authority="Matsuo & Yamagishi" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Platygaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platygaster ingeniosus" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingeniosus">Platygaster ingeniosus Matsuo & Yamagishi</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="114">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="114" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="114">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="114">The specific name is derived from its ingenious parasitoid strategy.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="114">
|
|
Type material. Holotype: Female, emerged on 16 March 2011 from a gall of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Masakimyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Masakimyia pustulae" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pustulae">Masakimyia pustulae</taxonomicName>
|
|
on
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Euonymus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Euonymus japonicus" order="Celastrales" pageId="1" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonicus">Euonymus japonicus</taxonomicName>
|
|
collected by T. Fujii from Nijoshikaka, Itoshima, Fukuoka, Japan. Paratypes: 5 females and 5 males, same data as holotype.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="115">
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="115" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="115">FEMALE (Fig. 1). Body length 1.4-1.6 mm. Head, mesosoma, and metasoma black. A1 dark brown basally; A2-A4 dark brown to black; A5-A10 black. Fore wing slightly infuscate. All coxae black; all femora brown yellow to black; all tibiae brown yellow.</paragraph>
|
|
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="115">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="115">
|
|
Figure 1. Holotype female of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platygaster ingeniosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingeniosus">Platygaster ingeniosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="115">Head in dorsal view, 1.9-2.1 times as wide as long, 1.1-1.2 times as wide as mesosoma; occiput transversely striate; vertex between ocelli with transverse wrinkles, with reticulation between posterior ocelli (Fig. 2); POL: OOL: LOL = 2.5: 1.3: 1.0. Head in frontal view 1.3-1.4 times as wide as high; frons with transverse wrinkles (Fig. 3); gena smooth. A1 5.5-5.6 times as long as wide, 0.7-0.8 times as long as height of head; A2 2.4-2.6 times as long as wide; A3 1.2-1.3 times as long as wide; A4-A6 1.4-1.5 times as long as wide; A7-A9 1.4-1.5 times as long as wide; A10 1.7-1.8 times as long as wide (Fig. 4).</paragraph>
|
|
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="115">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="115">
|
|
Figure 2-5.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platygaster ingeniosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingeniosus">Platygaster ingeniosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
. 2 female head, dorsal view 3 female head, frontal view 4 female antenna 5 male antenna.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="2" pageNumber="115">
|
|
Mesosoma 1.3-1.4 times as long as wide, 1.1-1.2 times as high as wide; sides of pronotum reticulate, smooth along upper and posterior margins (Fig. 6); mesoscutum reticulate, smooth between notauli which are indicated in posterior half (Fig. 7); posterior margin of median lobe of mesoscutum overlapping base of mesoscutellum; posterior margin of lateral mesoscutal lobes hairy; scuto-scutellar groove smooth and bare; mesoscutellum evenly convex, smooth and covered with long hairs except median glabrous area (Fig. 8); mesopleuron with two setae anteriorly, with a coriaceous area
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="116" start="start">below</pageBreakToken>
|
|
tegula; mesopleural carina absent; mesofurcal pit present; metapleuron completely pilose; propodeal carinae widely separated, parallel. Fore wing 2.3-2.4 times as long as wide; marginal cilia approximately 0.1 times as long as width of fore wing. Hind wing approximately 4.8 times as long as wide, with two hamuli; marginal cilia approximately 0.2 times as long as width of hind wing.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="116">Metasoma as long as head and mesosoma combined; T1 evenly crenulated, 1.8-1.9 times as wide as long, 0.2-0.3 times as long as T2; T2-T5 with a band of shallow punctation along posterior margin; T2 weakly striated in basal half, with shorter striae medially (Fig. 9); T3 with a few setae; T4 with a row of setae which is broken medially; T5 with a complete setal row; T6 with a complete setal row, smooth.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="116">MALE. Differs from the female as follows: Body length 1.5-1.6 mm. Antenna with erect setae; A4 distinctly widened (Fig. 5). Metasoma approximately 0.8 times as long as head and mesosoma combined, obtuse at apex.</paragraph>
|
|
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="116">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="116">
|
|
Figure 6-9.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platygaster ingeniosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingeniosus">Platygaster ingeniosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
. 6 female mesosoma, lateral view 7 female mesoscutum, dorsal view 8 female mesoscutellum, dorsal view 9 female metasoma, dorsal view.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="3" pageNumber="116" type="differential dagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="116">Differential dagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="3" pageNumber="116">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platygaster ingeniosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingeniosus">Platygaster ingeniosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
is similar to the two Palearctic species,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. rutilipes" pageId="3" pageNumber="116" rank="species" species="rutilipes">P. rutilipes</taxonomicName>
|
|
Buhl and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. yunnanensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="116" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">P. yunnanensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
Buhl, because they share the following morphological characteristics: notaulus indicated in posterior half; mesopleuron with a coriaceous area below tegula; posterior margin of mesoscutum reaching base of mesoscutellum; hind wing approximately 4.8 times as long as wide.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platygaster ingeniosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingeniosus">Platygaster ingeniosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be distinguished from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. rutilipes" pageId="3" pageNumber="116" rank="species" species="rutilipes">P. rutilipes</taxonomicName>
|
|
by having the stouter fore wing that is 2.3-2.4 times as long
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="117" start="start">as</pageBreakToken>
|
|
wide whereas
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. rutilipes" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="rutilipes">P. rutilipes</taxonomicName>
|
|
has elongated fore wing, approximately 2.8 times as long as wide.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platygaster ingeniosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingeniosus">Platygaster ingeniosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
could be distinguished from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. yunnanensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">P. yunnanensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
because sides of pronotum are finely reticulate whereas smooth in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. yunnanensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">P. yunnanensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="117" type="notes">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="117">Biological notes.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platygaster ingeniosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingeniosus">Platygaster ingeniosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
is an egg-larval solitary parasitoid of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Masakimyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Masakimyia pustulae" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pustulae">Masakimyia pustulae</taxonomicName>
|
|
in Japan (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Yukawa, J" journalOrPublisher="Kontyu" pageId="11" pageNumber="124" pagination="159 - 168" title="Description of a new gall midge (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) on Euonymus, with notes on its bionomics." volume="44" year="1976">Yukawa and Sunose 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Sunose, T" journalOrPublisher="Kontyu" pageId="10" pageNumber="123" pagination="29 - 40" title="Studies on the population dynamics of the euonymus gall midge Masakimyiapustulae Yukawa et Sunose (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) under different environmental conditions." volume="51" year="1983">Sunose 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Sunose, T" journalOrPublisher="Kontyu" pageId="10" pageNumber="123" pagination="557 - 564" title="Parasitoid complex of the euonymus gall midge Masakimyiapustulae Yukawa et Sunose (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Japan." volume="52" year="1984">1984</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Fujii, T" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna" pageId="9" pageNumber="122" url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102508" year="2014">Fujii et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Although
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Masakimyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Masakimyia pustulae" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pustulae">Masakimyia pustulae</taxonomicName>
|
|
induces dimorphic leaf galls, thick and thin types (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Sunose, T" journalOrPublisher="Kontyu" pageId="10" pageNumber="123" pagination="29 - 40" title="Studies on the population dynamics of the euonymus gall midge Masakimyiapustulae Yukawa et Sunose (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) under different environmental conditions." volume="51" year="1983">Sunose 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platygaster ingeniosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingeniosus">Platygaster ingeniosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
can attack gall midge larvae inhabiting both types of gall (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Sunose, T" journalOrPublisher="Kontyu" pageId="10" pageNumber="123" pagination="557 - 564" title="Parasitoid complex of the euonymus gall midge Masakimyiapustulae Yukawa et Sunose (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Japan." volume="52" year="1984">Sunose 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Fujii, T" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna" pageId="9" pageNumber="122" url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102508" year="2014">Fujii et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Because the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Masakimyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Masakimyia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Masakimyia</taxonomicName>
|
|
is monotypic and its tribal position in the supertribe
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="Lasiopteridi" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" rank="supertribe" supertribe="Lasiopteridi">Lasiopteridi</taxonomicName>
|
|
has not been determined (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Gagne, RJ" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna" pageId="9" pageNumber="122" url="https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80420580/Gagne_2017_World_Cat_4th_ed.pdf" year="2017">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gagné">Gagne</normalizedToken>
|
|
and Jaschhof 2017
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), the possible host range of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platygaster ingeniosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingeniosus">Platygaster ingeniosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
is restricted to
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Masakimyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Masakimyia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Masakimyia</taxonomicName>
|
|
alone at this moment.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |