267 lines
28 KiB
XML
267 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.656.8914" ID-GBIF-Dataset="51a5b313-2a8b-4bde-8d9d-06bd051fcb42" ID-PMC="PMC5345363" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-656-85" ID-PubMed="28331403" ID-ZBK="89234B7B2F01446EB8C077C29CE106AE" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-656-85" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 656" ModsDocTitle="The genus Alaolacon Candèze, a senior synonym of the genus Eumoeus Candèze (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Agrypninae)" checkinTime="1487100179832" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Arimoto, Koichi & Arimoto, Hisayuki" docDate="2017" docId="99CAAA8030D2651FE86710113283CEEF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 656: 85-110" docOrigin="ZooKeys 656" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.656.8914" docTitle="Alaolacon Candeze 1865" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="89" masterDocId="901EFFE5FFA1FFA53456FFDC5C68FFFC" masterDocTitle="The genus Alaolacon Candeze, a senior synonym of the genus Eumoeus Candeze (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Agrypninae)" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="85" pageNumber="86" updateTime="1668164237870" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genus Alaolacon Candeze, a senior synonym of the genus Eumoeus Candeze (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Agrypninae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Arimoto, Koichi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Arimoto, Hisayuki</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>656</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>85</mods:start>
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<mods:end>110</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.656.8914</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.656.8914</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-656-85</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">89234B7B2F01446EB8C077C29CE106AE</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">89234B7B2F01446EB8C077C29CE106AE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127855040" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:99CAAA8030D2651FE86710113283CEEF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/99CAAA8030D2651FE86710113283CEEF" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="86" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="86">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Candeze, 1865" authorityName="Candeze" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Alaolacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alaolacon" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Alaolacon
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Candèze">Candeze</normalizedToken>
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, 1865
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="1" pageNumber="86" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Alaolacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alaolacon" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alaolacon</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Candèze">Candeze</normalizedToken>
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, 1865: 13 (original description; type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Alaolacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alaolacon cyanipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanipennis">Alaolacon cyanipennis</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Candèze">Candeze</normalizedToken>
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, 1865; by monotypy; in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mélanactides">Melanactides</normalizedToken>
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);
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<bibRefCitation author="Gemminger, M" journalOrPublisher="Catalogus coleopterorum hucusque descriptorum synonymicus et systematicus, autoribus Dr. Gemminger et B. de Harold" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="1347 - 1608" volume="5" year="1869">Gemminger and Harold 1869</bibRefCitation>
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: 1498 (catalogue of
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<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="86" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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);
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<bibRefCitation author="Candeze, ECA" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="1 - 218" title="Revision de la monographie des Elaterides." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.47120" volume="2" year="1874">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Candèze">Candeze</normalizedToken>
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1874
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 114 (in tribe Alaites);
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<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="86">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Candèze">Candeze</normalizedToken>
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1891
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 29 (short description; in tribe Alaites), 241 (index);
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<bibRefCitation author="Schwarz, G" journalOrPublisher=") Genera Insectorum, Coleoptera, Louis Desmet-Verteneuil, Brusseles, Belgium" pageId="18" pageNumber="103" title="Fam. Elateridae. Fasc. 46 A-C. In: Wytsman P (Ed." year="1906">Schwarz 1906</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 316 (cat
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="87" start="start">alogue</pageBreakToken>
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);
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<bibRefCitation author="Hyslop, JA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="621 - 680" title="Genotypes of the elaterid beetles of the world." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.2353.621" volume="58" year="1921">Hyslop 1921</bibRefCitation>
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: 625 (type species of genera of
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<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="family">Elateridae</taxonomicName>
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);
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<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Schenkling 1925</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 40 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="91 - 112" title="Remarques et observations sur le catalogue des Elateridae, 1 ere partie, de M. S. Schenkling." volume="95" year="1926">Fleutiaux 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 102 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Encyclopedie entomologique, Serie B, I, Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="177 - 178" title="Description d'un Elateride nouveau." volume="III" year="1928">Fleutiaux 1928</bibRefCitation>
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: 177 (description);
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<bibRefCitation author="Casari-Chen, SA" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Entomologia" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="223 - 262" title="Systematics and evolution of Hemirhipini from Old World and Australia I. Genera removed from tribe (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Pyrophorinae)." volume="37" year="1993">Casari-Chen 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 227 (description; removed from
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<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="tribe" tribe="Hemirhipini">Hemirhipini</taxonomicName>
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);
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<bibRefCitation author="Casari, SA" journalOrPublisher="Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="139 - 180" title="Cladistic analysis of Hemirhipini with establishment of Propalaus gen. n. (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Agrypninae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0031-10492008001600001" volume="48" year="2008">Casari 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 166 (key to genera of
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<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="tribe" tribe="Hemirhipini">Hemirhipini</taxonomicName>
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; replaced in
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<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="tribe" tribe="Hemirhipini">Hemirhipini</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Eumoeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eumoeus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eumoeus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Candèze">Candeze</normalizedToken>
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, 1874: 113 (original description; type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Eumoeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eumoeus murrayi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="murrayi">Eumoeus murrayi</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Candèze">Candeze</normalizedToken>
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, 1874; by monotypy; in tribe Alaites), 214 (as "
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Eumaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eumaeus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eumaeus</taxonomicName>
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"; index);
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<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Candèze">Candeze</normalizedToken>
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1891
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 29 (short description; in tribe Alaites), 243 (index);
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<bibRefCitation author="Schwarz, G" journalOrPublisher=") Genera Insectorum, Coleoptera, Louis Desmet-Verteneuil, Brusseles, Belgium" pageId="18" pageNumber="103" title="Fam. Elateridae. Fasc. 46 A-C. In: Wytsman P (Ed." year="1906">Schwarz 1906</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 32 (key to genera of
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<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="tribe" tribe="Hemirhipini">Hemirhipini</taxonomicName>
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), 40 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation author="Hyslop, JA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="621 - 680" title="Genotypes of the elaterid beetles of the world." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.2353.621" volume="58" year="1921">Hyslop 1921</bibRefCitation>
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: 645 (type species);
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<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Schenkling 1925</bibRefCitation>
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: 51 (as "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Eumaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eumaeus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eumaeus</taxonomicName>
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||
"; catalogue);
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Encyclopedie entomologique, Serie B, I, Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="177 - 178" title="Description d'un Elateride nouveau." volume="III" year="1928">Fleutiaux 1928</bibRefCitation>
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: 178 (as "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Eumaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eumaeus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eumaeus</taxonomicName>
|
||
"; comments);
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Notes d'Entomologie Chinoise" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="233 - 420" title="Revision des Elaterides (Coleopteres) de l'Indo-chine francaise." volume="11" year="1947">Fleutiaux 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 306 (as junior homomym of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Eumaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eumaeus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eumaeus</taxonomicName>
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hübner">Huebner</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1816 (
|
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<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
));
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Casari-Chen, SA" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Entomologia" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="223 - 262" title="Systematics and evolution of Hemirhipini from Old World and Australia I. Genera removed from tribe (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Pyrophorinae)." volume="37" year="1993">Casari-Chen 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 241 (description; removed from
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="tribe" tribe="Hemirhipini">Hemirhipini</taxonomicName>
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||
);
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Casari, SA" journalOrPublisher="Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="139 - 180" title="Cladistic analysis of Hemirhipini with establishment of Propalaus gen. n. (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Agrypninae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0031-10492008001600001" volume="48" year="2008">Casari 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 164 (key to genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="tribe" tribe="Hemirhipini">Hemirhipini</taxonomicName>
|
||
; replaced in
|
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<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="tribe" tribe="Hemirhipini">Hemirhipini</taxonomicName>
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) Syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Luzonicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Luzonicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Luzonicus</taxonomicName>
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Fleutiaux, 1916: 232 (original description; type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Luzonicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Luzonicus bakeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">Luzonicus bakeri</taxonomicName>
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Fleutiaux, 1916; by monotypy; in
|
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<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Corymbitinae">Corymbitinae</taxonomicName>
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||
);
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<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Schenkling 1927</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 405 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Notes d'Entomologie Chinoise" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="233 - 420" title="Revision des Elaterides (Coleopteres) de l'Indo-chine francaise." volume="11" year="1947">Fleutiaux 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 306 (key to genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Oxynopterinae">Oxynopterinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; description);
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<bibRefCitation author="Tarnawski, D" journalOrPublisher="Genus" pageId="18" pageNumber="103" pagination="277 - 323" title="A world catalogue of Ctenicerini Fleutiaux, 1936. Part II (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Athoinae)." volume="12" year="2001">Tarnawski 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 306 (catalogue of
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<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="tribe" tribe="Ctenicerini">Ctenicerini</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Athoinae">Athoinae</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Tharopsides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tharopsides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tharopsides</taxonomicName>
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Fleutiaux, 1918: 235 (original description; type species:
|
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Tharopsides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tharopsides harmandi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harmandi">Tharopsides harmandi</taxonomicName>
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||
Fleutiaux, 1918);
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hyslop, JA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="621 - 680" title="Genotypes of the elaterid beetles of the world." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.2353.621" volume="58" year="1921">Hyslop 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 671 (type species);
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Opuscula de l'Institut Scientifique de l'Indochine" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="1 - 184" title="Faune entomologique de l'Indochine Francaise, Fascicule no. 7, Melasidae et Elateridae." volume="2" year="1924">Fleutiaux 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 176 (reprinting of original description);
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Encyclopedie entomologique, Serie B, I, Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="177 - 178" title="Description d'un Elateride nouveau." volume="III" year="1928">Fleutiaux 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 178 (taxonomic comments);
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Schenkling 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 509 (catalogue);
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="121 - 148" title="Les Elaterides de l'Indo-chine francaise. (Huitieme et derniere partie)." volume="108" year="1940">Fleutiaux 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 40 (as replacement name for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Eumoeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eumoeus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eumoeus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Candèze">Candeze</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1874; in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Elateridae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Hemirhipinae">Hemirhipinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Notes d'Entomologie Chinoise" pageId="17" pageNumber="102" pagination="233 - 420" title="Revision des Elaterides (Coleopteres) de l'Indo-chine francaise." volume="11" year="1947">Fleutiaux 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 306 (as synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Luzonicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Luzonicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Luzonicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1916).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Setae flat, wider at midlength than base, with longitudinal micro carinae (Figs 36, 37); interspaces between punctures greater than puncture diameter except for narrower interspaces on head and pronotum; supra-antennal carinae not continuous across frons; frontoclypeal region gradually sloping to base of labrum; antennae 12-segmented and biflabellate in male (Figs 23, 42) or 11-segmented and subpectinate in females (Fig. 5); mandibles bidentate; hypomeron with mesal edge with impunctate ridge next to prosternal suture and carinate anterolaterad (Figs 8, 26, 45: arrow), posterior edge with two angles near mid-length (Figs 9, 27, 46: arrows); scutellum widest posteriorly or with parallel sides; elytral intervals convex; hind wings with vein r4 translucent (Figs 11, 29, 48); parameres of male aedeagus not fused and without acute lateral subapical barb (Figs 34, 35, 53, 54).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="redescription">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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Adult. Body (Figs 1, 17, 20, 38, 55) 11-24 mm; surface smooth, with or without metallic luster on elytra; interspaces between punctures greater than puncture diameter except for narrower interspaces on head and pronotum. Vestiture. Setae flat, wider at midlength than base, with longitudinal micro carinae (Fig. 36); carinae converge at apex, apices acute or transverse (Fig. 37). Male. Antennomeres
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="III–XII">III-XII</normalizedToken>
|
||
with setae filiform ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
|
||
Figures 1-3.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Alaolacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alaolacon candezei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">Alaolacon candezei</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1928, female, holotype. 1 habitus, dorsal view 2 ditto, ventral view 3 data labels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
|
||
Head (Figs 4, 22, 41) depressed longitudinal medially, depression becoming narrow and shallow posteriorly. Frontal depression moderate (Figs 4, 41) to deep
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="88" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Figs 22, 56). Eyes small to very large (OI: 44-74). Supra-antennal carina not continuous across frons. Frontoclypeal region gradually sloping to base of labrum. Labrum subtrapezoidal; anterior angles rounded. Antennae not reaching pronotum posterior lateral apices; antennomere I cylindrical; antennomere II shortest. Male (Figs 23, 42). 12-segmented; antennomeres
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="III–XI">III-XI</normalizedToken>
|
||
biflabellate; antennomere XII blade-like. Female (Fig. 5). 11-segmented; antennomere III subpectinate to trapezoidal, longer than wide (1.2-1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide); antennomeres IV-X pectinate, shorter than wide (less than 0.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide); antennomere XI elliptical. Mandibles bidentate (Fig. 6). Labium (Figs 6, 24, 43); mentum membranous in anterior part; prementum widest anteriorly, with anterior margin fringed with short setae. Apical maxillary palpomere 1.3-1.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
|
||
Figures 4-11.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Alaolacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alaolacon candezei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">Alaolacon candezei</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1928, female, holotype. 4 head and pronotum, anterolateral view 5 right antenna, anterior side (dotted line: apical half part of antennomere XI thinner than its basal half part) 6 mouth-parts 7 prosternal process, lateral view 8 anterior angle of hypomeron (arrow: mesal edge carinate anterolaterad) 9 posterior part of hypomeron and mesothorax, ventral view (arrows: posterior margin with two angles) 10 scutellum 11 right hind wing (arrow: cross vein between veins MP4 and CuA2 located at contact point between veins MP3 and MP4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Prothorax shorter to longer than wide, widest posteriorly or at mid-length. Pronotum with anterior angle bisinuate (Figs 1, 17, 20, 56) or rounded (Fig. 38); hind angles unicarinate; median longitudinal depression present extending at almost all pronotal length (Figs 4, 22, 56) or at pronotal anterior half (Fig. 41). Hypomeron concave; impunctate posterad; anterior angles rounded (Fig. 8) to acute (Figs 26, 45); external margins of depressions for reception of forelegs not carinate; mesal edge with elevated impunctate ridge next to prosternal suture, carinate anterolaterad (Figs 8, 26, 45: arrow); posterior edge with two angles near midlength (Figs 9, 27, 46: arrows). Prosternum produced forwards, exceeding anterior angles of pronotum; prosternal spine inclined dorsally behind procoxae weakly (at less than 10 degrees, Fig. 7) to strongly (more than 10 degrees, Figs 25, 44).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Mesothorax. Scutellum longer than wide; anterior margin straight, well defined by wrinkled band; sides concave or straight, widest posteriorly (Figs 10, 28, 56) or parallel (Fig. 47); rounded posterad. Mesosternum and metasternum not fused. Mesosternal cavity with median shiny band formed by dense yellow setae (Fig. 2, 21, 39). Mesepisternum centrally impunctate. Mesepisternum and mesepimeron reaching mesocoxal cavity. Metasternum with shallow median longitudinal groove. Elytra with striae impressed and with punctures; apex rounded. Hind wings with vein r4 translucent; bear or lack wedge cell; cross vein between veins MP4 and CuA2, located at contact point between veins MP3 and MP4 (Figs 11, 18), or anterad to the contact point (Figs 29, 48). Legs with simple tarsomeres and tarsal claws. Tibial spurs present. Tarsomeres II-IV short, tarsomere V longest.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
|
||
Abdomen. Male. Terigite VIII shorter than wide (Fig. 30) or longer than wide (Fig. 49). Sternite VIII (Figs 31, 50) wide-rectangular. Tergite IX (Figs 32, 51) wide; posterior margin notched medially. Tergite
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Figs 32, 51) semicircular. Sternite
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
attached to sternite IX (Figs 33, 52). Female. Tergite VIII (Fig. 12) truncate apically. Sternite VIII (Fig. 13) with spiculum ventrale robust, with apex concave or rounded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
|
||
Figures 12-16.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Alaolacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alaolacon candezei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">Alaolacon candezei</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1928, female, holotype. 12 tergite VIII 13 sternite VIII, ventral view and tergite VIII, dorsal view 14 genitalia, dorsal view 15 coxites, dorsal view 16 vagina and bursa copulatrix, dorsal view (arrow: bursa copulatrix with three short sacs).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Genitalia. Male. Aedeagus (Figs 34, 35, 53, 54, 57) with parameres unfused, without acute lateral subapical barb, with apical parts expanded elliptically. Female. Ovipositor (Fig. 14) stout. Coxites (Figs 15) without styli. Vagina and bursa copulatrix without sclerotized structures (Figs 16).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="larvae and pupae">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Larvae and pupae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="89" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Oriental Region: India, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java), Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo), the Philippines (Mindanao Is., Luzon Is.).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="bionomics">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Bionomics.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Nothing is known of the life history and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |