1017 lines
135 KiB
XML
1017 lines
135 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E9F032C0C4A040C04BD143DACBA7C2CC">Epitokous metamorphosis, reproductive swimming, and early development of the estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 (Annelida, Nereididae) on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="11A1DFEAA38356901305195B0DBB69A6">Azmi, Siti Syazwani</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="35D818D276767BFD5E8AB519AF1A2735">Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C38A94FB34C91511026F369076FFB32C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="73847EDC7571FC76ACB014F6211DF236">Ibrahim, Yusof Shuaib</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="389738961D8D0B4D2B8AEEF5AFDB54C9">Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="24D1887D939431C82E928FE240768C39" type="email">yusofshuaib@umt.edu.my</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="14316B15E8E76C54B084D9F06309F566">Angsupanich, Saowapa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1195DFC90448EA3FEAD5FBE53CA20F03">Marine and Coastal Resources Institute, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="45B89C19E75CE6BF7D390128BC84792D">Sumpuntarat, Pornsan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D09097D772FEF40418DA7E7CE024B0E1">Marine and Coastal Resources Institute, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1EC3D1F847FC76E133E4822A41D04F30">Sato, Masanori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CD2ECBCC3774028CA2874E1893769581">Research Field in Science, Science and Engineering Area, Kagoshima University, 1 - 21 - 35 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890 - 0065, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="EA70508679EE73156163C740F553766F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="6E389372C2931C278DE0A0F71ADF8225">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="39934A44441657940644159CEC8635AA">1011</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FD448D98C040751CCCA705022903C420">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="493CC378DAF2FF8F6EE691C12B4E8775" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="99854609E26A562BBE87906BEF3BC279" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177006825" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:99854609E26A562BBE87906BEF3BC279" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/99854609E26A562BBE87906BEF3BC279" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Nereididae" scope_phylum="Annelida">
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<subSubSection id="6C6959FACC3868A7EFAFE59FDDAC741A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5B9CDC4FA46608D3F61488168F431818" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="30D00AFA37BD37370A7AA040E8372985" ID-CoL="45Y4G" LSID="99854609-E26A-562B-BE87-906BEF3BC279" authority="(Southern, 1921)" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="5F29CD9B9D64D2A19C3BA8164D4AC0A2" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Atokes (A-F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL- 2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C-F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3 M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="0C1FC58770963E4C3583D483A69C61A0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epitokous males (A, C) and females (B, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) in comparison with an atoke from the same locality (E) (PMBC 21209) A dorsal view of the whole body of a male B dorsal view of the anterior body of a female C-E enlargement of anterior dorsal end of a male epitoke (C), a female epitoke (D), and an atoke (E). Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497827" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="C99C2FC2A15A10E3D99E8D5B70B6092A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male epitoke of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 453) A dorsal view of the whole body (incomplete, with the pre-natatory and natatory regions) B dorsal view of the proboscis with pigmentation C ventral view of the proboscis with pigmentation. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497828" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="17E432C6CA1CC9C6A3B1EC29AC4925A8" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Female epitoke of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 449) A dorsal view of the whole-body B enlargement of anterior end C enlargement of eyes D rupture of body wall at the ventral surface in the posterior body (arrow). Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497829" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="C70323A7C09C6517BE9A89D801E4682D" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Drawings of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia A posterior view of the right parapodium 8 in the pre-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 453) B posterior view of the right parapodium 35 in the natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 445) C anterior view of the left parapodium 35 of a female (UMTAnn 449) D posterior view of the right parapodium 66 in the post-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 446) E heterogomph spiniger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) F homogomph spiniger from the upper neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) G heterogomph falciger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 36 of a female (UMTAnn 449) H epitokous natatory chaeta from the neuropodium of chaetiger 36 of a male (UMTAnn 453). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-D); 0.05 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="EC6D895EFDFBA5AE37959F02D0B0FE20" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Epitokous males (A, B, E) and a female (C, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) A anterior view of left parapodium of chaetiger 5 in the pre-natatory region of a male epitoke B anterior view of right modified parapodium of chaetiger 34 in the natatory region of the same male as (A) C posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 3 of a female epitoke D posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 37 of the same female as (C) E enlargement of an epitokous paddle chaeta of another male epitoke. Abbreviations: dc, dorsal cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C); 0.5 mm (B, D); 0.05 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497831" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5190EC1624AD78F1CAA55C55D79D3516" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="6DB7514FA2E5383D19D66608875EB396" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0527DBC2E952ABA3FBCE1771D89455B8" authorityName="Southern" authorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Nereis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nereis (Nereis) glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta" subGenus="Nereis">Nereis (Nereis) glandicincta</taxonomicName>
|
||
Southern, 1921: 589-593, text fig. 5a-e, pl. 23, fig. 9A-L.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="336C6B9F5301C4DD6C5A5FB235D8CBFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FF35917A1E9AF320BBBBE852FEC05F7" authorityName="Southern" authorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Nereis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nereis glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">Nereis glandicincta</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4261EA7EFA22FE3F9E87E642EB48CC80" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 262" refId="B5" refString="Fauvel, P, 1932. Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta 12 (1): 1 - 262" title="Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum." volume="12" year="1932">Fauvel 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 92-93;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="10F2F469690A6A991F2A81866296ADF1" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Commentationes Pontificia Academia Scientiarvm" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="243 - 368" refId="B6" refString="Fauvel, P, 1939. Annelides polychetes de l'Indochine. Commentationes Pontificia Academia Scientiarvm 3 (10): 243 - 368" title="Annelides polychetes de l'Indochine." volume="3" year="1939">Fauvel 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 314-315,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8F5FE70B2E9027AEAF3F042E6A3ADF94" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="The Indian Press, Allahabad" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B7" refString="Fauvel, P, 1953. The Fauna of India Including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya. AnnelidaPolychaeta. The Indian Press, Allahabad" title="The Fauna of India Including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya. AnnelidaPolychaeta." year="1953">Fauvel 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 181-182, fig. 91f-h.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="82507A0CDDE7D4E0227A7014DE6AA413" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9856C4693B40EE31DC0708FE6E4D80DA" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">Neanthes glandicincta</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F52E02197A5CA75C71152209FFB042F" author="Lee, YL" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="75 - 95" refId="B15" refString="Lee, YL, Glasby, CJ, 2015. A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 31: 75 - 95" title="A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937)." volume="31" year="2015">Lee and Glasby 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 80-85, figs 7-9;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD69367C0717FF228CA8BE5CF3DF24D0" author="Misra, A" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B16" refString="Misra, A, 1999. Polychaete. State Fauna Series 3: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10: 125-225." title="Polychaete. State Fauna Series 3: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10: 125 - 225." year="1999">Misra 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 161-162;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D7824975159B724762936C0A1EF69585" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" author="Ibrahim, NF" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 94" refId="B11" refString="Ibrahim, NF, Ibrahim, YS, Sato, M, 2019. New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 831: 81 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" title="New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" volume="831" year="2019">Ibrahim et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 86-89, figs 3, 4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2368BA1251870ABCBEB14905D8552A5C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="18C34F9123EB3814D6FAF15869BB668A" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Ceratonereis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratonereis burmensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="burmensis">Ceratonereis burmensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Monro, 1937: 532-536, fig. 1a-f;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CA7C5988376B51024AA0F917AF0D4B9B" author="Misra, A" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B16" refString="Misra, A, 1999. Polychaete. State Fauna Series 3: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10: 125-225." title="Polychaete. State Fauna Series 3: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10: 125 - 225." year="1999">Misra 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 149;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC6747121AC01D65653A6C3D20C97507" author="Ng, PKL" journalOrPublisher="Editions Didier Millet in association with Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, Singapore" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B18" refString="Ng, PKL, Corlett, R, Tan, HTW, 2011. Singapore biodiversity: an encyclopedia of the natural environment and sustainable development. Editions Didier Millet in association with Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, Singapore" title="Singapore biodiversity: an encyclopedia of the natural environment and sustainable development." year="2011">Ng et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 426.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A18E55553266AB3097E69B25819789F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB73E7E80C9B727F2BC544B85D938ACB" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1937" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Nereis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nereis (Ceratonereis) burmensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="burmensis" subGenus="Ceratonereis">Nereis (Ceratonereis) burmensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A97AE885D540D99DBF9D818B01593831" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="The Indian Press, Allahabad" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B7" refString="Fauvel, P, 1953. The Fauna of India Including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya. AnnelidaPolychaeta. The Indian Press, Allahabad" title="The Fauna of India Including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya. AnnelidaPolychaeta." year="1953">Fauvel 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 196-197, fig. 97d-f.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5038B74E595FD0E5730A3A2537C904FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A6CC9BFC96C40B2360077B7B759E05FD" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Ceratonereis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="burmensis" subGenus="Composetia">Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="35EA58B58420B5BCC10812A6FC6BAB16" author="Hartmann-Schroeder, G" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen zoologischen Museum und Institut" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="37 - 59" refId="B9" refString="Hartmann-Schroeder, G, 1985. Revision der Gattung Ceratonereis Kinberg (Nereididae, Polychaeta) (Mit besonderer Beruecksichtigung der Arten mit eingeschnittenem Prostomium). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen zoologischen Museum und Institut 82: 37 - 59" title="Revision der Gattung Ceratonereis Kinberg (Nereididae, Polychaeta) (Mit besonderer Beruecksichtigung der Arten mit eingeschnittenem Prostomium)." volume="82" year="1985">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="576C173CF4BD1ED4E82F62B7168C2783" originalValue="Hartmann-Schröder">Hartmann-Schroeder</normalizedToken>
|
||
1985
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 49 (list);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A10EA497074ED7C837E0310D374A119" author="Chan, WMF" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="159 - 172" refId="B3" refString="Chan, WMF, 2009. New nereidid records (Annelida: Polychaeta) from mangroves and sediment flats of Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 22: 159 - 172" title="New nereidid records (Annelida: Polychaeta) from mangroves and sediment flats of Singapore." volume="22" year="2009">Chan 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 165-167, fig. 5a-r, in part.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C526D59FFCA83269F1886256CC20515C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4F266BC4297D20C6D44FB42AD9338B6D" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Ceratonereis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratonereis burmensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="burmensis">Ceratonereis burmensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9339C6437B1C3A9C5ED1D623B00FA2C8" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">Neanthes glandicincta</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30D03F382550BEBB71229B23F9A6A785" author="Wu, B" journalOrPublisher="Springer / China Ocean Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B31" refString="Wu, B, Sun, R, Yang, D, 1985. The Nereidae (polychaetous annelids) of the Chinese coast. Springer/China Ocean Press, Beijing" title="The Nereidae (polychaetous annelids) of the Chinese coast." year="1985">Wu et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 150-151, fig. 84;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A651F63243342C9C4154803B9BD403F9" author="Wu, B" journalOrPublisher="Springer / China Ocean Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B31" refString="Wu, B, Sun, R, Yang, D, 1985. The Nereidae (polychaetous annelids) of the Chinese coast. Springer/China Ocean Press, Beijing" title="The Nereidae (polychaetous annelids) of the Chinese coast." year="1985">Wu et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 174-177, figs 98, 99 (described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1217679D74D496BFD1B1080B6B89C40B" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Ceratonereis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratonereis burmensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="burmensis">Ceratonereis burmensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="87F0437576572C8A7F59D32D5D21EE15" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph id="BB71B479B459FFFEAB92F0FFC1AE0949" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3CE0A14CA14379FE9C6AB907498C27DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Brackish lakes or pools at four localities in Barantolla, Dhappa, and Garia near Calcutta in India (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC36989189D621FBC7947183C68EE591" author="Southern, R" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="563 - 659" refId="B26" refString="Southern, R, 1921. Polychaeta of the Chilka Lake and also of fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India. Memoirs of the Indian Museum 5: 563 - 659" title="Polychaeta of the Chilka Lake and also of fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India." volume="5" year="1921">Southern 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="340A3E2F0A91E8D543AAB15380B62931" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="F349216CB5921F901D9934299CFF04E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="138C814351A382791D26BA23C47FE171" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="9BC233F510492A9EFAEC36082D87D158" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E4CC51E39F3DF932D820F771D5AD4C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sexually fully mature specimens (epitokes)</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Epitokes collected during reproductive swimming in the mangrove area of Kuala Ibai (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="840F5BD0878AE07B154DE429949C62D6" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="7.6" value="5.2854443">5°17'7.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="17620458B321658F1E572DF1EABB991D" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="10.3" value="103.169525">103°10'10.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), Terengganu, Malaysia: 2 males (BW, 1.6-1.9 mm; UMTAnn 445-446), coll. YS Ibrahim, 31 January 2018; 2 males and one female (2.1-2.4 mm; UMTAnn 447-449), coll. YS Ibrahim, 28 February 2018; 3 males (2.2-3.2 mm; UMTAnn 450-452), coll. SS Azmi, 6 January 2019, 2 males (2.1-2.6 mm; UMTAnn 453-454), coll. SS Azmi, 21 January 2019.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B142868DA7C0F1F0CD5E9F3ACF15225" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Epitokes obtained by rearing immature atokes collected from Aowsai in the lower reaches of Songkhla Lagoon (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="754879359DB09D25F73946E681BF2DBE" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="37.4" value="7.1770554">7°10'37.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AEC987F63F9B3EBF8B134E11946DFF0" degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="26.2" value="100.54061">100°32'26.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), Thailand (PMBC 20732): 3 males (BW, 1.2-2.1 mm) and 3 females (BW, 1.5-1.7 mm), coll. P Sumpuntarat, 2 March 2006.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E4690B1FA6E7B4CFBD709071A3D39110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DAD3DE1364AC0E2AED280AC08FC7B2D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="5615A9856F99B7A5079A3D8247399F82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Atokous specimens collected from the same locality as the epitokes</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Immature atokes collected from Aowsai in the lower reaches of Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (as above): 5 specimens (BW, 1.6-2.5 mm; PMBC 21209), coll. P. Sumpuntarat, during the period from September to December 2005; 4 specimens (BW, 1.2-1.3 mm; PMBC 21211), coll. S Angsupanich et al., 1 March 2008; 1 specimen (BW, 1.5 mm; PMBC 21212), coll. S Angsupanich, 19 November 2008.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="34DDBF3976F25D135B9B05AC6FF847F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D6185ACB58D19DC7F4699CA33E349A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description of atokes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="44EB3B840AC74ECE54494FDECB449CF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Ten atokes, including six complete specimens, 27-85 mm BL (Mean
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B3C509A89593507A8483F703A288A774" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
SD: 60.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2A9E08B04EFA439C762B6C2B3AF280AC" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
19.7, n = 6), 1. 2-2.5 mm BW (1.7
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D7229B841F2EF4A007C36361EA5D28AF" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.5, n = 10), with 86-122 chaetigers (108.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A88FD99E40907CA05C6903B55B14BCEC" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
15.8, n = 4) (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="B10590A7EF07D31098B2CC424B0463F0" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Variation in number of paragnaths of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta collected from two estuaries in the coast of Peninsular Malaysia in the present study, in comparison with data of atokes in the present and previous studies." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E">1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Colour in preserved specimens whitish cream (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A52926544563E1FAB209CE5DD6D9DFCC" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Atokes (A-F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL- 2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C-F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3 M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CE217809752C5B88F5C8ABBC8F5FD191" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph id="35CD44619A16C5A871046161F64320C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4F41F1A39EF28892FD78A25AFD15AA7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Atokes (
|
||
<emphasis id="64A9B883C4FE12AAF01B1D5E592ABE7B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-F</emphasis>
|
||
) and an epitoke (
|
||
<emphasis id="C929317F9C1BFE0B26BC7407FB97FBDA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="275AB0720272712F13AFBAC73E6CEC9F" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="0E2C4CEB0C187BC7B19A843D26CD77C5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neanthes glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand
|
||
<emphasis id="34B1C992C74EADBB51CD55C3EBBC165F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209)
|
||
<emphasis id="76E2C8878E802AE5D1379D8B67641E87" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL-2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212)
|
||
<emphasis id="9AB34AF02439C0D09F484A84A8BF7FA9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C-F</emphasis>
|
||
paragnaths in areas I (
|
||
<emphasis id="1BC767327F2925841F53D76A7639D4FD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
), II (anterior and middle parts of left side,
|
||
<emphasis id="7EA65418BE4ADCA47D5CD3F68F424702" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
), III (central part,
|
||
<emphasis id="D5304A7AEFB33C2BA827D2BFDE8A5FAE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
), and IV (right side,
|
||
<emphasis id="190AFFD23DBDCFE7D7E0BEF61B028E5B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209)
|
||
<emphasis id="7606CC0994A02CCB12014E4BB1482BAC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="15DBD3073BE2955EC656ADAE8C9AE1D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Two pairs of eyes arranged trapezoidally (anterior pair with space wider than that of posterior pair); anterior pair reniform; posterior pair round; two pairs of eyes almost same in size (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="1DB058B7302DE8E97462F9BE7B6AB9FF" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Atokes (A-F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL- 2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C-F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3 M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5544BC8F4364372C43708E157920B3AF" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epitokous males (A, C) and females (B, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) in comparison with an atoke from the same locality (E) (PMBC 21209) A dorsal view of the whole body of a male B dorsal view of the anterior body of a female C-E enlargement of anterior dorsal end of a male epitoke (C), a female epitoke (D), and an atoke (E). Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497827" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Approximately ten transverse grooves conspicuous in each of massive palpophores. Apodous segment (peristomium) with four pairs of tentacular cirri of unequal length; posterodorsal tentacular cirri longest, reaching back to chaetigers V-VII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7D86E01DA6DA6BF5150DE9CFC15CEA33" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497827" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph id="5EC377D22A21FAAE9B19B8CA1BBEB773" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A95C5DF6F46B9845945D0811DEC1E2EA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Epitokous males (
|
||
<emphasis id="130E3D596AB6E6ACE9A83071FD8808AC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C</emphasis>
|
||
) and females (
|
||
<emphasis id="4E3B3C9B199A7E712ED2C5038D926B33" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, D</emphasis>
|
||
) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AF88BF3C1224EB744C8AD9925CFBAD5E" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCB8410BF809239F03B5D2DAAB7BC5D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neanthes glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) in comparison with an atoke from the same locality (E) (PMBC 21209)
|
||
<emphasis id="F047FB4BB2471F4F222EB96FC7ABFC2F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view of the whole body of a male
|
||
<emphasis id="D3AAB6E19C22A58C27C3798DADAC5CB5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view of the anterior body of a female
|
||
<emphasis id="CDEEFE2E429D1FB45B56BFC99C049596" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C-E</emphasis>
|
||
enlargement of anterior dorsal end of a male epitoke (
|
||
<emphasis id="4CBA5E5B272C402C3EC36B859F1C57BB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
), a female epitoke (
|
||
<emphasis id="479C03B57F5F88423AF5B4F1A046C4CE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
), and an atoke (
|
||
<emphasis id="6028D88DE31BE456D4AFA4E4E00A58A9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
). Scale bars: 5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="82666DB608BA2BB774B187B3773E6DFA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="207C2BE40A274A2C44E84C5AB19B3335" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C-E</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BBF633703750C9936F84CBA2F1D6995B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Proboscis with pair of semi-transparent amber jaws, each with ca. ten teeth. Typical conical paragnaths present on maxillary ring (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="AE1EBE3FEB8B2A210032052F1466C246" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Atokes (A-F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL- 2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C-F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3 M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2C-F</figureCitation>
|
||
); number of paragnaths and their arrangement on each area of everted proboscis as follows (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="0848CDC934C4F80CC2D17A7BF381B85B" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Variation in number of paragnaths of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta collected from two estuaries in the coast of Peninsular Malaysia in the present study, in comparison with data of atokes in the present and previous studies." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E">1</tableCitation>
|
||
): area I: 4-11, scattered and unequal (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F4066D975C95D5BCBE5BF243C401C5EC" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Atokes (A-F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL- 2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C-F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3 M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2C</figureCitation>
|
||
); area II: 12-17, in two arched rows, markedly large paragnaths with sharply tapering and curved tip present in anterior and middle positions (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="3299D89C8C96C1D155E418ED802F96A9" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Atokes (A-F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL- 2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C-F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3 M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2D</figureCitation>
|
||
); area III: 38-55, in three or four rows of transversely elongated bands, each paragnath with papilla-like base (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="3A285E49D890B891ACD7A4DE7AA969D9" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Atokes (A-F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL- 2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C-F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3 M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2E</figureCitation>
|
||
); area IV: 10-14, in triangular patch with markedly large paragnaths present in middle and posterior positions (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F687FA3FF259708BA6E8DFCA80E30053" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Atokes (A-F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL- 2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C-F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3 M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oral ring with no or few minute paragnaths; number of paragnaths on each area are as follows (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="62913003AC845A8CBF51B87AA9FC9D5C" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Variation in number of paragnaths of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta collected from two estuaries in the coast of Peninsular Malaysia in the present study, in comparison with data of atokes in the present and previous studies." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E">1</tableCitation>
|
||
): area V: none; area VI: none or single minute paragnath present, seated on tip of each papilla (usually pair of small nipple-like round papillae visible in right and left of area VI; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="066BE2193A373D26FE57CA950BD865E8" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Atokes (A-F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL- 2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C-F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3 M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
); area VII-VIII: none or single minute paragnath present. Total number of paragnaths 94-119.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E6318A58CBC2BC7487331C5D15C8A5E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uniramous parapodia of first two chaetigers without notoacicula. In following biramous parapodia, notopodia consisting of dorsal cirrus and three ligules/lobe (dorsal ligule, prechaetal lobe and median ligule) throughout. Neuropodia consisting of four ligules/lobes (superior lobe, inferior lobe, postchaetal lobe, ventral ligule) and ventral cirrus in anterior and middle body; superior lobe absent in posterior body (from chaetiger L).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="93DD6F70C0CFDED693D6AC763D310798" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notochaetae consisting of homogomph spinigers throughout. Upper neurochaetae including homogomph spinigers with long blades and heterogomph spinigers with short blades throughout; some or most of heterogomph spinigers replaced by heterogomph falcigers in middle body. Lower neurochaetae include heterogomph spinigers with long blade (at upper position) and heterogomph spinigers with short blade (at lower position) throughout; some or most of heterogomph spinigers with short blades replaced by heterogomph falcigers in anterior-mid body (from chaetigers XI-XIX usually). Heterogomph falcigers with finely serrated slender blades; few heterogomph falcigers rarely (two of ten specimens) present in lower neurochaetae of chaetiger 1. Conspicuous glandular patches present in dorsal ligules.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E66831F22A4C27BD371F4C25FDEA950E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Coelom of three individuals filled with many oocytes with maximum diameter of ca. 100
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D6DE828D9488492BB93678E6B753650C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4F7B5149BF6031EAE988AC98ED4F705D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E8371772BA0CCA94B758F832C4468B1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description of epitokes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="14D4B078494F6F61E2D8CAE1D1A84A29" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Twelve males, including eight complete specimens, 17-43 mm BL (Mean
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CBF6F8A45C54AAE58D4223C512340FEC" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
SD: 32.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="98404E757C857FC0B19C6A3D49AD8B3D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
8.3, n = 8), 1.2-3.2 mm BW (2.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="588DD569895AC5EB5DE5F779277A41F6" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.5, n = 12), with 62-123 chaetigers (100.9
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EAB861F2C349B4C3796626B5C3C9820B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
19.4, n = 8). Four females, including three complete specimens, 25-34 mm BL (28.7
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ED6CC817FC4C916043E745A8D206061F" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.7, n = 3), 1.5-2. 4 mm BW (1.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4EF4E96417D9D486CC9955A38D22A41D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.4, n = 4), with 84-116 chaetigers (102.0
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9E100B757894601450C4F4CE6E216DF1" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
16.4, n = 3). There was no significant difference in BL, BW, and the number of chaetigers between males and females (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, P> 0.2). Live spent worms after spawning semi-transparent; live females with greenish eggs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3010E967E5B936F029DEF63BCFEF0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Two pairs of eyes enlarged in both males (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="B790B4D1EFFEAE385BB14E15D53FD412" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epitokous males (A, C) and females (B, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) in comparison with an atoke from the same locality (E) (PMBC 21209) A dorsal view of the whole body of a male B dorsal view of the anterior body of a female C-E enlargement of anterior dorsal end of a male epitoke (C), a female epitoke (D), and an atoke (E). Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497827" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="E6172EFBB58B2D87AF38D8250DA70536" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male epitoke of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 453) A dorsal view of the whole body (incomplete, with the pre-natatory and natatory regions) B dorsal view of the proboscis with pigmentation C ventral view of the proboscis with pigmentation. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497828" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) and females (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="A6CDF67849F2A78D45303C5CB5AD8386" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epitokous males (A, C) and females (B, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) in comparison with an atoke from the same locality (E) (PMBC 21209) A dorsal view of the whole body of a male B dorsal view of the anterior body of a female C-E enlargement of anterior dorsal end of a male epitoke (C), a female epitoke (D), and an atoke (E). Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497827" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F33DEA9CD431DF0CCCC52D0E14E8D50" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Female epitoke of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 449) A dorsal view of the whole-body B enlargement of anterior end C enlargement of eyes D rupture of body wall at the ventral surface in the posterior body (arrow). Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497829" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
) in comparison with those in atokes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BAC2C5DDA57F6798CC63F2A31BA9986" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epitokous males (A, C) and females (B, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) in comparison with an atoke from the same locality (E) (PMBC 21209) A dorsal view of the whole body of a male B dorsal view of the anterior body of a female C-E enlargement of anterior dorsal end of a male epitoke (C), a female epitoke (D), and an atoke (E). Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497827" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3E</figureCitation>
|
||
); enlargement of eyes more remarkable in males than females; two pairs of eyes almost same in size, shape (round or ovoid) and space between right and left eyes. Apodous segment with four pairs of tentacular cirri of unequal length; posterodorsal tentacular cirri longest, reaching back to chaetigers VII-X.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C812A8D615D34CB652D0938B568DB4DD" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497828" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5948B52C6284817611C75D34ED510C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4A79FB441AFEF50C145DE6812A9CC3B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Male epitoke of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DF74DC09C963329F0DC4D8410145769" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="3A9E756181A8550035A1E7D6B872AA63" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neanthes glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 453)
|
||
<emphasis id="B08480D9EDB81A92FA2777DD95F6092B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view of the whole body (incomplete, with the pre-natatory and natatory regions)
|
||
<emphasis id="032B64A13CEA2268A7AEB8E724886907" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view of the proboscis with pigmentation
|
||
<emphasis id="7147283B588AB4C37413616C82D90CCB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view of the proboscis with pigmentation. Scale bars: 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="6E2B2178DCA3B4832293EA826BCC8727" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="7F5C12100F7A4FFE30786FA9C1EBC9EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D895E3C405A88FEAD2FFFF6BA1DDD7EF" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497829" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD33E6401AB8523D8829219B88A0DB85" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="25ECD98228942F07F087E8382FE49BDF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Female epitoke of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7921FBED2CCABC8C24E3A59F0A1C0752" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="E48AE65CFAA098AF8515422DF8424BFF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neanthes glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 449)
|
||
<emphasis id="3B63E5E5F43BC63BFC0B8FC5D779349A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view of the whole-body
|
||
<emphasis id="6BA1665EDB3408F4F1D25DFB199826A6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
enlargement of anterior end
|
||
<emphasis id="B4C85B395DBCD0807BB0C39220FA492B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
enlargement of eyes
|
||
<emphasis id="2AE20A4AAE6EE149407AF2210B451F3E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
rupture of body wall at the ventral surface in the posterior body (arrow). Scale bars: 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="ACB6DD63D64E9CF6CF1E7A1AA3CFAAA2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A)</emphasis>
|
||
; 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="27C6EDB77C2F919DFDB38CE4FB0D956C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-D</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="606F3F4610E229FE3DC72643E9A1AA33" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Proboscis with pair of semi-transparent amber jaws, each with ca. ten teeth (up to ca. 15 teeth in dissected jaw, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F52E978BD74290CFC3903A850DDB7BFB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Atokes (A-F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL- 2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C-F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3 M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dark pigmentation present on surface of proboscis (in particular, ventral surface) of four males of Malaysian specimens (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B5840E348714986A8F291022F825350" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male epitoke of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 453) A dorsal view of the whole body (incomplete, with the pre-natatory and natatory regions) B dorsal view of the proboscis with pigmentation C ventral view of the proboscis with pigmentation. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497828" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Conical paragnaths present on maxillary ring (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2D1FA8345F3390FA87684DCBB45F23D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male epitoke of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 453) A dorsal view of the whole body (incomplete, with the pre-natatory and natatory regions) B dorsal view of the proboscis with pigmentation C ventral view of the proboscis with pigmentation. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497828" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
); number of paragnaths and their arrangement on each area of everted proboscis as follows (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="F58BCAEF6467D964A7AF80213433851A" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Variation in number of paragnaths of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta collected from two estuaries in the coast of Peninsular Malaysia in the present study, in comparison with data of atokes in the present and previous studies." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E">1</tableCitation>
|
||
): area I: 3-10, scattered and unequal; area II: 8-19, in two arched rows, markedly large paragnaths with sharply tapering and curved tip present in anterior and middle positions; area III: 32-50, in three or four rows of transversely elongated bands; area IV: 6-16, in triangular patch with markedly large paragnaths present in middle and posterior positions. Oral ring with no or few minute paragnaths; number of paragnaths on each area are as follows (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="16D069375B0B1AFB0BA3A7AA0EFF225F" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Variation in number of paragnaths of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta collected from two estuaries in the coast of Peninsular Malaysia in the present study, in comparison with data of atokes in the present and previous studies." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E">1</tableCitation>
|
||
): area V: none; area VI: none; area VII-VIII: 0-2, in transverse row. Total number of paragnaths 58-124. Pair of small nipple-like round papillae usually visible in right and left of area VI, as those in atokes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FDAC77884D620772BD35D86568068FE0" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Atokes (A-F) and an epitoke (G) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand A prostomium of an atoke (ind. no. 10 with BW of 1.7 mm, PMBC 21209) B anterior view of an everted proboscis, showing a pair of small nipple-like round papillae on area VI in an atoke (ind. no. SL- 2 with BW of 1.5 mm, PMBC 21212) C-F paragnaths in areas I (C), II (anterior and middle parts of left side, D), III (central part, E), and IV (right side, F) of an atoke (ind. no. 1 with BW of 2.3 mm, PMBC 21209) G dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) views of the right jaw of a male epitoke (ind. no. 3 M with BW of 1.2 mm, PMBC 20732)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="64FDD7C1359090FED6AAC8D96A5BA048" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="F2EAF9182F471A732EBCDC1F0B455F94" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male</emphasis>
|
||
bodies divided into three regions (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1431304DA5A578B73DC8671B08407C4B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epitokous males (A, C) and females (B, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) in comparison with an atoke from the same locality (E) (PMBC 21209) A dorsal view of the whole body of a male B dorsal view of the anterior body of a female C-E enlargement of anterior dorsal end of a male epitoke (C), a female epitoke (D), and an atoke (E). Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497827" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
): anterior (pre-natatory), middle (natatory), and posterior (post-natatory) regions; parapodia of pre-natatory and post-natatory regions similar to those of atokes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="07491DDE6AC8D22121E0E5611B302A4D" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Drawings of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia A posterior view of the right parapodium 8 in the pre-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 453) B posterior view of the right parapodium 35 in the natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 445) C anterior view of the left parapodium 35 of a female (UMTAnn 449) D posterior view of the right parapodium 66 in the post-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 446) E heterogomph spiniger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) F homogomph spiniger from the upper neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) G heterogomph falciger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 36 of a female (UMTAnn 449) H epitokous natatory chaeta from the neuropodium of chaetiger 36 of a male (UMTAnn 453). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-D); 0.05 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6A, D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BCEB2733E278A93C7FA8C3DDF24BBFA4" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph id="499902420F73E589CBEA48F495DC69C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="6D043FC6871D2E59ACEE1ED1EFC22EF2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Drawings of epitokes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="36ED2EC73BE6C0B22C884D7DB1220E7A" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1E40C6B778EC2501861F82B027E6068A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neanthes glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia
|
||
<emphasis id="81C66AA12CB0BBCC0C452FD83B5D3BAF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
posterior view of the right parapodium 8 in the pre-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 453)
|
||
<emphasis id="EB8DF21E6BBE81BD7FE2361BEF298450" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
posterior view of the right parapodium 35 in the natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 445)
|
||
<emphasis id="E0F1623EE8BF75CCF3EB01FADAAF6FD7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
anterior view of the left parapodium 35 of a female (UMTAnn 449)
|
||
<emphasis id="D28062B4A8A1E046E9C18464589769BB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
posterior view of the right parapodium 66 in the post-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 446)
|
||
<emphasis id="61DF2667470C3D28F17666E39FA866CE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
heterogomph spiniger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453)
|
||
<emphasis id="7F7CCF1C525B814B61EDBB1C7A9ADFF0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
homogomph spiniger from the upper neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453)
|
||
<emphasis id="8B622D7EE4DAAF583ACE533182BD3438" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
heterogomph falciger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 36 of a female (UMTAnn 449)
|
||
<emphasis id="55722525B9B124DB4740C0B1676ECDF9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
epitokous natatory chaeta from the neuropodium of chaetiger 36 of a male (UMTAnn 453). Scale bars: 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="587CAA4AAD110003CB8549F7518DA24F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-D</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.05 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B32185393074BEE462EC80175F772739" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E-H</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3065C5B0BD22C14D36CA81BF8B3EA862" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Male pre-natatory region with 18-25 chaetigers, with dorsal cirri of first seven or eight chaetigers thickened mainly at base, and with ventral cirri of first 5-7 chaetigers thickened throughout (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="295616C7B832A680624961A50A0BF70D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Epitokous males (A, B, E) and a female (C, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) A anterior view of left parapodium of chaetiger 5 in the pre-natatory region of a male epitoke B anterior view of right modified parapodium of chaetiger 34 in the natatory region of the same male as (A) C posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 3 of a female epitoke D posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 37 of the same female as (C) E enlargement of an epitokous paddle chaeta of another male epitoke. Abbreviations: dc, dorsal cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C); 0.5 mm (B, D); 0.05 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497831" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Neuropodial heterogomph falcigers (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2843F2088CC398662A5D997658F9CDE2" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Drawings of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia A posterior view of the right parapodium 8 in the pre-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 453) B posterior view of the right parapodium 35 in the natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 445) C anterior view of the left parapodium 35 of a female (UMTAnn 449) D posterior view of the right parapodium 66 in the post-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 446) E heterogomph spiniger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) F homogomph spiniger from the upper neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) G heterogomph falciger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 36 of a female (UMTAnn 449) H epitokous natatory chaeta from the neuropodium of chaetiger 36 of a male (UMTAnn 453). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-D); 0.05 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6G</figureCitation>
|
||
) present in few chaetigers of pre-natatory region, appearing from chaetigers XV-XXI, or completely absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6396091FB5797760C76C9E3FCF71A2F1" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497831" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph id="FD5706CEFA357607AC21EC51B8D3E57A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="6C91818E85E054E75669704F82BD7DDD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Epitokous males (
|
||
<emphasis id="A85825D9F6F83548366C6321E680B76F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B, E</emphasis>
|
||
) and a female (
|
||
<emphasis id="666FB85A9255A43C4170DC1C4388C09D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1674494C07547339D861CE0CCDCC8E5" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="7BD46A74555C9D7E1ADD6BA0D3D9B995" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neanthes glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732)
|
||
<emphasis id="F290FF37613E071A77C593C0BB322B83" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
anterior view of left parapodium of chaetiger 5 in the pre-natatory region of a male epitoke
|
||
<emphasis id="3C8470DACC3C9B8E6D0E258876FF12EA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
anterior view of right modified parapodium of chaetiger 34 in the natatory region of the same male as (
|
||
<emphasis id="3E3D3616EA6028EE93F248A23533BFE4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="4B2EF29756EFE19B7A29184F3CC37074" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 3 of a female epitoke
|
||
<emphasis id="3011F74F88E2A7824439D510406EECE5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 37 of the same female as (
|
||
<emphasis id="50876F0D33B087B5F0195660223AB2AB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="28EE6874D1ED9EA2988C4905F200E03D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
enlargement of an epitokous paddle chaeta of another male epitoke. Abbreviations: dc, dorsal cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="9836B64F2B859AA74F92811CFC7D62D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="44C1FD8A4AB33B2FC9A3A93835AD534E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, D</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.05 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="068C2E43DC131A92DE9BA24226572396" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="804413CE6768C958D878F9F0CA1E3A57" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Male natatory region constituting of 30-56 chaetigers, with parapodia markedly modified (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="F7F79D9227E5C1AEA365F8097872DED2" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Drawings of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia A posterior view of the right parapodium 8 in the pre-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 453) B posterior view of the right parapodium 35 in the natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 445) C anterior view of the left parapodium 35 of a female (UMTAnn 449) D posterior view of the right parapodium 66 in the post-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 446) E heterogomph spiniger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) F homogomph spiniger from the upper neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) G heterogomph falciger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 36 of a female (UMTAnn 449) H epitokous natatory chaeta from the neuropodium of chaetiger 36 of a male (UMTAnn 453). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-D); 0.05 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="0F7501198C21021935ADE4B90837E32A" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Epitokous males (A, B, E) and a female (C, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) A anterior view of left parapodium of chaetiger 5 in the pre-natatory region of a male epitoke B anterior view of right modified parapodium of chaetiger 34 in the natatory region of the same male as (A) C posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 3 of a female epitoke D posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 37 of the same female as (C) E enlargement of an epitokous paddle chaeta of another male epitoke. Abbreviations: dc, dorsal cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C); 0.5 mm (B, D); 0.05 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497831" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
); round lobes newly present on upper and lower base of ventral cirri, appearing from chaetigers XIX-XXVI to chaetigers LII-LXXIII. Neuropodial postchaetal lobe developing into large round flat lamella with or without small triangular protrusion on lateral edge in almost same range of chaetigers; dorsal cirri frequently serrated on lower edge, slightly elongated; ovoid lobe newly present on upper base of dorsal cirri; all parapodial ligules and lobes enlarged as thin lamellae (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="33B6DBC38F0B2EC5F18854B3DB0E4F76" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Drawings of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia A posterior view of the right parapodium 8 in the pre-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 453) B posterior view of the right parapodium 35 in the natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 445) C anterior view of the left parapodium 35 of a female (UMTAnn 449) D posterior view of the right parapodium 66 in the post-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 446) E heterogomph spiniger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) F homogomph spiniger from the upper neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) G heterogomph falciger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 36 of a female (UMTAnn 449) H epitokous natatory chaeta from the neuropodium of chaetiger 36 of a male (UMTAnn 453). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-D); 0.05 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="79B908EA2C73F0F655E979FD62786C66" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Epitokous males (A, B, E) and a female (C, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) A anterior view of left parapodium of chaetiger 5 in the pre-natatory region of a male epitoke B anterior view of right modified parapodium of chaetiger 34 in the natatory region of the same male as (A) C posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 3 of a female epitoke D posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 37 of the same female as (C) E enlargement of an epitokous paddle chaeta of another male epitoke. Abbreviations: dc, dorsal cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C); 0.5 mm (B, D); 0.05 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497831" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epitokous paddle-like natatory chaetae (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="26BAF7752D0EEC760EBAB274FE56F05C" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Drawings of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia A posterior view of the right parapodium 8 in the pre-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 453) B posterior view of the right parapodium 35 in the natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 445) C anterior view of the left parapodium 35 of a female (UMTAnn 449) D posterior view of the right parapodium 66 in the post-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 446) E heterogomph spiniger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) F homogomph spiniger from the upper neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) G heterogomph falciger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 36 of a female (UMTAnn 449) H epitokous natatory chaeta from the neuropodium of chaetiger 36 of a male (UMTAnn 453). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-D); 0.05 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="50BCE81666F90B08582BCF89C97ABE33" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Epitokous males (A, B, E) and a female (C, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) A anterior view of left parapodium of chaetiger 5 in the pre-natatory region of a male epitoke B anterior view of right modified parapodium of chaetiger 34 in the natatory region of the same male as (A) C posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 3 of a female epitoke D posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 37 of the same female as (C) E enlargement of an epitokous paddle chaeta of another male epitoke. Abbreviations: dc, dorsal cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C); 0.5 mm (B, D); 0.05 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497831" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7E</figureCitation>
|
||
) appearing from chaetigers XXII-XXVIII to chaetigers LIV-LXXVIII, substituting atokous chaetae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="DBBAA3C159360E3DB400DCC306419927" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Drawings of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia A posterior view of the right parapodium 8 in the pre-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 453) B posterior view of the right parapodium 35 in the natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 445) C anterior view of the left parapodium 35 of a female (UMTAnn 449) D posterior view of the right parapodium 66 in the post-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 446) E heterogomph spiniger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) F homogomph spiniger from the upper neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) G heterogomph falciger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 36 of a female (UMTAnn 449) H epitokous natatory chaeta from the neuropodium of chaetiger 36 of a male (UMTAnn 453). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-D); 0.05 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6E-G</figureCitation>
|
||
) completely in most of middle natatory region, and incompletely in few anteriormost and posteriormost chaetigers of this region (with atokous chaetae remaining there); blade of epitokous paddle chaetae semi-transparent, flat and wide, with minutely serrated edge on one side, and tapering tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9700E816B99D503B230E7CEC627A6D85" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Male post-natatory region constituting 13-64 chaetigers, with unmodified parapodia (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="6580FDBD26285C3B7046501437075228" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epitokous males (A, C) and females (B, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) in comparison with an atoke from the same locality (E) (PMBC 21209) A dorsal view of the whole body of a male B dorsal view of the anterior body of a female C-E enlargement of anterior dorsal end of a male epitoke (C), a female epitoke (D), and an atoke (E). Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497827" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="2B23AB02ABC08FE59E0336BF3CFD32E0" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Drawings of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia A posterior view of the right parapodium 8 in the pre-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 453) B posterior view of the right parapodium 35 in the natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 445) C anterior view of the left parapodium 35 of a female (UMTAnn 449) D posterior view of the right parapodium 66 in the post-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 446) E heterogomph spiniger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) F homogomph spiniger from the upper neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) G heterogomph falciger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 36 of a female (UMTAnn 449) H epitokous natatory chaeta from the neuropodium of chaetiger 36 of a male (UMTAnn 453). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-D); 0.05 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6D</figureCitation>
|
||
); neuropodial heterogomph falcigers absent. Pygidium with pygidial rosette.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B066FB253DCE46C7317AB0ECEF342847" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD321298B36298FEB8009CEF487DDA5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Females</emphasis>
|
||
with unmodified parapodia throughout, except for with dorsal cirri of first 4-8 chaetigers thickened mainly at base, and with ventral cirri of first 4-8 chaetigers slightly thickened throughout (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="9080594D990DE30EC91CF72C6B61ECDA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epitokous males (A, C) and females (B, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) in comparison with an atoke from the same locality (E) (PMBC 21209) A dorsal view of the whole body of a male B dorsal view of the anterior body of a female C-E enlargement of anterior dorsal end of a male epitoke (C), a female epitoke (D), and an atoke (E). Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497827" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1E2FF249BF372FA200EDCBF796CAF5EA" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Female epitoke of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 449) A dorsal view of the whole-body B enlargement of anterior end C enlargement of eyes D rupture of body wall at the ventral surface in the posterior body (arrow). Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497829" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D6BA1C874331ACD97AABF2210B793681" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Drawings of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia A posterior view of the right parapodium 8 in the pre-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 453) B posterior view of the right parapodium 35 in the natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 445) C anterior view of the left parapodium 35 of a female (UMTAnn 449) D posterior view of the right parapodium 66 in the post-natatory region of a male (UMTAnn 446) E heterogomph spiniger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) F homogomph spiniger from the upper neurochaetae in chaetiger 8 of a male (UMTAnn 453) G heterogomph falciger from the lower neurochaetae in chaetiger 36 of a female (UMTAnn 449) H epitokous natatory chaeta from the neuropodium of chaetiger 36 of a male (UMTAnn 453). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-D); 0.05 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="3FE04A97BD3C0861D60162EC93590583" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Epitokous males (A, B, E) and a female (C, D) of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from the Lower Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (PMBC 20732) A anterior view of left parapodium of chaetiger 5 in the pre-natatory region of a male epitoke B anterior view of right modified parapodium of chaetiger 34 in the natatory region of the same male as (A) C posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 3 of a female epitoke D posterior view of right parapodium of chaetiger 37 of the same female as (C) E enlargement of an epitokous paddle chaeta of another male epitoke. Abbreviations: dc, dorsal cirrus; vc, ventral cirrus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C); 0.5 mm (B, D); 0.05 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497831" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epitokous paddle chaetae present together with atokous chaetae in both notochaetae and neurochaetae in middle body from chaetigers XXVI-XXXV to chaetigers XLVI-LII. Neuropodial heterogomph falcigers usually appearing from chaetigers XV-XVIII to chaetigers LIV-LXXII. Pygidium without pygidial rosette. Few eggs (full-grown oocytes) remained in coelom of females; eggs spherical, 100-140
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E72114A838147240672E231EB4E645CB" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter in fixed specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1C4286D047E06DA8E54181033A55466A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In both sexes, body wall of epitokes thin. Small slits on body wall of ventral surface at base of parapodia present in middle and posterior chaetigers of females (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="65B710BFBCA3A00C2CFB42DD94BC1A4C" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Female epitoke of Neanthes glandicincta (Southern, 1921) collected from Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (UMTAnn 449) A dorsal view of the whole-body B enlargement of anterior end C enlargement of eyes D rupture of body wall at the ventral surface in the posterior body (arrow). Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.59780.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/497829" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="37D70D25DFF62E50BF3781F2ED175D8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="9C63B77C8C3E5B2776BC8BCF4CFC3933" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DAB1A2584D033EEDFA12D47689963AEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Paragnath numbers in epitokes from Thailand and Malaysia and atokes from Thailand are summarised together with the atokes from the previous studies in Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="425B3A1024A756DA791973A919D7DB7E" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Variation in number of paragnaths of epitokes of Neanthes glandicincta collected from two estuaries in the coast of Peninsular Malaysia in the present study, in comparison with data of atokes in the present and previous studies." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E">1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="68B0EB8468422E48CB73E903818E16F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In three specimens, an epitokous female (PMBC 20732) and two atokes (PMBC 21211, 21212), a few heterogomph falcigers were present in the lower neurochaetae of chaetiger 1, whereas falcigers were usually absent in the anterior chaetigers (at least first 10 chaetigers) in the present study, as reported in the previous studies on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D42B51F0F5BAC83F9E8775D54E27A4B" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. glandicincta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="77CD06EFB6760ED7711D7D0189E2BECC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1942E2099160C60501F6C3C1248F75E5" author="Southern, R" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="563 - 659" refId="B26" refString="Southern, R, 1921. Polychaeta of the Chilka Lake and also of fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India. Memoirs of the Indian Museum 5: 563 - 659" title="Polychaeta of the Chilka Lake and also of fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India." volume="5" year="1921">Southern 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7BDA0B56534983CD6DC4E3D65AFA1D5E" author="Lee, YL" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="75 - 95" refId="B15" refString="Lee, YL, Glasby, CJ, 2015. A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 31: 75 - 95" title="A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937)." volume="31" year="2015">Lee and Glasby 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D03CA2C93E5A5D49457C30C88A62D10A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" author="Ibrahim, NF" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 94" refId="B11" refString="Ibrahim, NF, Ibrahim, YS, Sato, M, 2019. New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 831: 81 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" title="New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" volume="831" year="2019">Ibrahim et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="345C3071BA166DAB23F6F432CFA8834F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The papilla-like base of paragnaths in area III was not conspicuous in the ethanol-fixed epitokous materials.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E" ID-Table-UUID="A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A31B45A27B024C3B5E35EFE3C9947B6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
|
||
<paragraph id="13DA991F8C3C9C2A2AB6D0F34005A509" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEA8FDEB0792029B6D4BEA7EEEC98907" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Variation in number of paragnaths of epitokes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AA59806FC2B68AE6C152F877B851BEC" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D4574EA2B5E3EC920D73A8116F77075" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neanthes glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected from two estuaries in the coast of Peninsular Malaysia in the present study, in comparison with data of atokes in the present and previous studies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="08AB77FC625E787632707DB72E71712A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<table id="41BC2353FD46F3021DBB93D68B46569B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<tr id="1C33E66EE1269E4D6E60B7E097BA7D37" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<th id="8FDB5E1DA0357FFBBA86D410C1702220" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Locality (no. of specimens examined)</th>
|
||
<th id="7C47DE9EE8B897ADE2EA4407B62F21B0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Body width (mm)</th>
|
||
<th id="9A4771FA71BFCA3FB13D4C9479B826E6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Body length (mm)1</th>
|
||
<th id="72658CCF4CA1813E8898A63248C0E9E8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">No. of total chaetigers1</th>
|
||
<th id="05435059CE723AAF0204DB4723942564" colspan="7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Number of paragnaths2</th>
|
||
<th id="A7879BC3DFDCDE5FBC2D5970B8913F81" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Total4</th>
|
||
<th id="4D5978FAB782F3E510D604619A2A2094" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">References</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="38B8F78DAC40648B4E14C2DEA969060E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<th id="5D3796615DE9CCC7246030B70339BC4F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">I</th>
|
||
<th id="D2E2F327EC50810535F95AF78BE38E55" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">II3</th>
|
||
<th id="616794ED55C851E6173A2D9369776672" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">III</th>
|
||
<th id="83B84D395F62CC349AD304465B310F89" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">IV3</th>
|
||
<th id="43C1D9829A94292AF806A27FE0F64276" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">V</th>
|
||
<th id="F4EC24F7351863D83461B07893772F94" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">VI3</th>
|
||
<th id="2390C8E3411DF0BE3D8BBDE5E2AF809E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">VII-VIII</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="0683302C0D3164EF4B22B4D5ADB26356" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="5F6810ACF468F24273C499A1CC11099D" colspan="13" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Epitokes</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="FD70C368C8AEFE71DBB86F20AE3B2FFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="05B562EF9A57433A86DE186AAFAFA7C1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (6)</td>
|
||
<td id="BB557D4D2942D5BEA2C71BD892DA963E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">1.2-2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="C0FA9575BD302BCD11313D27E3FC16AA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">17-34</td>
|
||
<td id="B47DA6027C24B5DC1640FED8AD6E30CA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">68-117</td>
|
||
<td id="94C455A896EEECBF51273D2AFD1DA27B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
8.0
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2725BAB07661BD30D051A8E41072E3A3" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="990F93CECD2AC27891293F663827CE88" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
14.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="456BA50F67F889C9DEDEFF2861198DF1" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="0056E218DB693DB1AC1BCE441ED03F96" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
41.0
|
||
<normalizedToken id="13EE03BC0A7814B7AF28BC14A45753C8" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
7.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="E66CA5D55F3CA7A636D1189DB05A91FE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
11.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0DAA206F91496518CF69B03597556AC6" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.5
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="5C027AAE9E581CA6E32771C9D36443D9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="D5C6A5F4671C7F67527D3F40C4DFDEAD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="86397879F21BC7CD5EEDBD73D4C62A60" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="5CECA2C8457F65F438859DECE5109D78" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
98.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6979FF5FACE1B4418E07135482466F8C" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
27.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="35523E291C64FA8A374EE32774A80AC8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Present study</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="364892D4BD7EF5CFEDECC8B4BD4EA107" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="830172267DAFC6CBDC1BF89F90AFACFD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(3-10)</td>
|
||
<td id="250E51D1E45924911B62C91C2E233338" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(8-19)</td>
|
||
<td id="8684334F8890A39883AFBFFE3FC66283" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(32-50)</td>
|
||
<td id="EAA7C918C78A398510C1237D8AF91487" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(6-16)</td>
|
||
<td id="1280395A65D289F0C48CF23FA5730E4C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-0)</td>
|
||
<td id="A249543B0634D700DE0036C52D5E768B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-0)</td>
|
||
<td id="EB9B11E0226A38E4FEE04C8D984D0409" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-0)</td>
|
||
<td id="77C6B2BEDAE14F82C69057A5A9E2BA64" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(58-124)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="0CC0EAFE8444F9F47B04E17C0883A807" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="EE8C17EB5292BF94943A481D3383FC3D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Kuala Ibai, Malaysia (10)</td>
|
||
<td id="CE1A9CADE2E07EBA61EC6F2F5374F88C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">1.6-3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="2DE029DDAE29A5738E63EC6BFAB6B4CC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">33-43</td>
|
||
<td id="03CBE1ABA0BCB0CDF48DBB52F15D69B6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">62-123</td>
|
||
<td id="0743009C2B24EF791AD25E6194FEF9CE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
5.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9F413A66C87C1E85DE485A1BEC1AABB6" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="694BF11922A38CF0A73836072A1ABCE5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
14.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AC73DFE03B5FBD03A71C8FE6AB4A3072" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.0
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="AC147667B0A7BA4C4CDFC01FBA14269A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
41.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3C3744B5340478D05ADF5A5DE5AD8944" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
6.2
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="EE7FE9AE61BC628405E364B0BDFDBC9F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
11.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="56BC675AD4C6E016EA511EBA16900691" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.6
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="47605A231DE737CEE81D6F31E3A8F5A0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="BB8ABF99757D1039866FD59DAFBA0604" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="F0EB54E936D777D79B74790B9CBA5404" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6283B7C892E905EB80161AE61F9523EE" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.7
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="004B9E05B26B1708ADDA9D9E9C5E48BB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
95.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="11ACD6AF6A1AFE05F57FA6B9BE075A62" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
11.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="AE6993B66C3D0BB079B071F48D7A782A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Present study</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="E491ED3A3AAD9C732D6BA07D4E69A666" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="77E9864DFC08BD4CF4840F4D90CA0451" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(3-8)</td>
|
||
<td id="2E036E681D74B500DCCE255978EE1AA4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(8-19)</td>
|
||
<td id="747E44272708D352DF03263C604A3E2D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(32-50)</td>
|
||
<td id="70C01E1C623B9001B62377E2C7CF1482" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(9-13)</td>
|
||
<td id="E410689E78F39ADE3C8BEFC0A3FDA487" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-0)</td>
|
||
<td id="DFA7CE479CD85D9A3907977DB20BAA8A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-0)</td>
|
||
<td id="6B6877295FC2300DE123B32472836BE2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-2)</td>
|
||
<td id="1166A8FCE75C0812D98C354EBB21123E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(74-113)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B76F18C88F5BBE4D284F37DA8EE1AB20" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="4F2A0CC95ED119606027822010804427" colspan="13" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Atokes</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="AC9DC391EE98B16F47569FB6F0E2412F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="421073B27FC465FF5F8F8D34B01AF560" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Songkhla Lagoon, Thailand (10)</td>
|
||
<td id="97A79D5D0A9E907C00018A8F650EBCB8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">1.2-2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="144055D5FFA65608259434F684F84FAA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">27-85</td>
|
||
<td id="144FAA9C4D857B52B8C7A448512ECED6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">86-122</td>
|
||
<td id="5ACB38B10002E592CBE8EA9426F61100" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
7.0
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4C87245BDFB8D58B9C703C207BA5C312" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.4
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="9F7B9A52755883FF3F71FE34EA6711C6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
15.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4A07C623228D029ECDA056E957194B01" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.6
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="5D275C0FB885B54A4DDDC9772A7FFBB1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
48.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CDC31F48CCC52475A591B770ED9BDCDC" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
5.0
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="0972C02C086A5CE9BB32D4E669F12CAA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
12.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F2AF989EEF4996037DED1582E472D200" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="8F75B58FF4DBC45FC816C3A22D6DBFFB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="3D550DC6C3F814B09332A3600D509D46" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="00BEF87616C6C59BFC39DB19AE543032" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="546E2BDC0361ACAA472BE3F90DF6C833" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8B027A89EC127C0601F710DE8DDEB5B4" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="12C91C0B422AD8D84E8BA4ABEF34B0C1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
107.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7B1A4DEDEAB63DF365B64080E39579AC" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
9.2
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="5C054280F1A67A16CA45E764F8AB9064" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Present study</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="1ED495C0545BF83CB2C324CD05E57471" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="33C3A76233C776555EA7ADDB3A91727C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(4-11)</td>
|
||
<td id="B8F0942FCEC29E3FA5AA4228D43BA7A3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(12-17)</td>
|
||
<td id="DDD252DE139F81D07935445704490FF7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(38-55)</td>
|
||
<td id="A952BEF5C265FFBE97BD003B9A3AF76C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(10-14)</td>
|
||
<td id="83BD2B8D84BED2E7F2E588A08B50C213" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-0)</td>
|
||
<td id="35633FFB6266F2D17BF2CCC712370D7D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-1)</td>
|
||
<td id="99E35EA73A4934664D28A80D364DB987" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-1)</td>
|
||
<td id="7F70DC87119E2A4791FBD85507933AFB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(94-119)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="08A2DE0E1B9B1C48234BFA15C17AB6B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="6E8BC48055978DE68800E329540BC857" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia (23)5</td>
|
||
<td id="3031B50074C433BFEDC6F7D5881D8378" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">0.7-2.0</td>
|
||
<td id="93A2E8C8ABC96875B8C55F8E109C3332" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">15-70</td>
|
||
<td id="DC3424607FDD29777C8151706014974C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">114-132</td>
|
||
<td id="C0C7E9C27E3F64888B500A8C06FCE33F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
8.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BDEA1D5469BBBAC41FABB3536B3DF311" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.0
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7BFAB7B82427E726CD0E6258B47B8F2A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
16.7
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FCECCC0FDC1BCC167FC31DD409678C8A" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="47B4EEFBB47F910838F75C03B0A41F29" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
50.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2EAEA0A6BF6BE18716567AEB2F8887FD" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
5.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="347CC3C7080A835C21D68576CC5D61C9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
13.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D036ABF52895D4A333E4941DAA03D8AE" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="1476F8F59DCEE68C7EEB6F2950714A81" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="A103FFCA52DB88997F3C0A3C6A81796B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="48665A243FC208EA478F7603E0E8C732" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.4
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="19597E1731C9066C00304464F3D7B5AB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.04
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4D9FC0EA45C86C66EF2CDAAC315CA69D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.2
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="57902A54BB856AA0F3ADCB9833481C32" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
117.7
|
||
<normalizedToken id="25316CE8EEC065403F2365D10AE99E9E" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
11.4
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="C10063C3E44E2C9E5D0F7D9A68AB88D6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85E8EADEC0F5431C4FB2A9C8859CCBF0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" author="Ibrahim, NF" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 94" refId="B11" refString="Ibrahim, NF, Ibrahim, YS, Sato, M, 2019. New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 831: 81 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" title="New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" volume="831" year="2019">Ibrahim et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BB3A48B89BB8D5244F7F5CE747B92ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="3C6160E7296A2E7832E56819B3F78686" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(3-13)</td>
|
||
<td id="BCE2348F0881975707D7D539DA810598" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(13-20)</td>
|
||
<td id="3B6011CA258DE20C92E6AF84CA800FBF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(39-58)</td>
|
||
<td id="7DDBF4FCD50BD4406BE802B0FD256739" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(11-17)</td>
|
||
<td id="5884262EB467547C214237304F33ADB1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-0)</td>
|
||
<td id="9AB6C7B174FA5F4ECCEB1383281643F1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-1)</td>
|
||
<td id="D08F2818251F916E354953DBA92700A5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-1)</td>
|
||
<td id="5E70140886B12C21C9DD1AAFCFF666A6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(94-137)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="1AFBB2ACD39811751EDC6F261BE5DF7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="D3404DC00A3896280621F87D5497A30F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Nine sites in Singapore (54)6</td>
|
||
<td id="1448C4847CDC2F46073027BF83CD61A6" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">-</td>
|
||
<td id="2C1C4F0CE878F1D9C3190B8412D379C7" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">-</td>
|
||
<td id="93FDA5B7C85E9332C4821B7C40967F87" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">-</td>
|
||
<td id="DC7496CCF5BF18AB5732640ED2F11F58" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
9.0
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3B622617F690F941A38168F2E9319281" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.4
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="C35B927EE30DADE345C29C49FAE2F274" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
17.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E2166194D5918441BEEAC7C917B67946" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.5
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="5320BBE0ECA228D7C76FDAE1E0A2AF5D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
49.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FB65DD43649A22DCD74E7FB36ABD0F35" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
7.2
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="C9C69B7C493C9B5A7B2CD10C31E13D2D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
14.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F49E300E11238EFDB39646E8BD75A5B5" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.5
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="8D82A6A61E30F1D4085AAC6B59919497" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="A3E16CB01C640736E0DF035CBE0C05D9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BD91EFC5FB3E8C1748A8B2AD12F4FA49" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="F7DD619CD478C6A5AB7279537F836F0D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="571F6BDCF894290F377355E4ACAA69E6" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.1
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="3A5CEC01A1AEEB3C105D1B29B5F22A86" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
120.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2B58E29100B90E40E8EC539046598A1A" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
13.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="4FE09221A467AEE1FE08CD711B160132" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D7FE07CC65E4122FE098944621C3930" author="Lee, YL" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="75 - 95" refId="B15" refString="Lee, YL, Glasby, CJ, 2015. A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 31: 75 - 95" title="A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937)." volume="31" year="2015">Lee and Glasby (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7E62EA5D2BEF2F7EDE978E233C07ED0B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="0A5B1325C70600A1C79221C62D00344C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-17)</td>
|
||
<td id="9D562550F992246ACD86F10CE4134A5B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(11-23)</td>
|
||
<td id="5EB99A7F569802CB3854A760BC0CCCD3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(35-63)</td>
|
||
<td id="9EF05E009A3763DCFE67DC36696E5ED1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(10-22)</td>
|
||
<td id="60BC41A4E244A3A168AC08909EC47AD6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-0)</td>
|
||
<td id="4B03D2CD0A4F24716EA3D0969DC40140" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-1)</td>
|
||
<td id="DF343C14CF2C3AF01D468FB940F51D8F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-8)</td>
|
||
<td id="878965EB075C5F0B46A2BFF406DE70D1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(93-148)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="6FA59718CEEFC572CB5687190CF70C03" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="216B6BF9FEBEA5720A5D6F3BB5C9A942" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">Maungmagan in Myanmar (8)6,7</td>
|
||
<td id="8F0619D6A807573466CB11ADEB0BBF15" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">-</td>
|
||
<td id="8A7699C996DE26BD5E6E462689A07D25" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">-</td>
|
||
<td id="AA2D84FC0EF5303C5F7439F28AC77E31" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">-</td>
|
||
<td id="4181223C0FA5DA78668BAD59EAE1FF21" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
5.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A0BE842BF871C6140820F33EECBC2DB4" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="62FB63206D498C767219778D2398B76B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
13.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="416A8E6D2ABB6F1135CFDF6791641EDE" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.0
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="D9D45551F74C0B99027E5BD84C580340" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
41.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5E22486CFFCB8E6A1433D83A937F64D6" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
9.7
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="A72ADAAEB37B87E7328A2CD49956EC2E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
14.0
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4CABAD4BAB3ECA6734DDCF62F27FBFC3" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="D6B0514BF081BC2C6E8934E4FEA1C132" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="6DE332919298B01F739DDD4031F35B62" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="D01D970586DC9AD00C40973E233DE0A4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="30F9FA6FBAC11BF4F2261DBC4932D227" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
101.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3FDD22A99C232C2F05D993B9C4E32151" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
19.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="95E392664EA882EA58DD3EC8CC35788F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="2">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="76DC078FFB81227AE7E17FE2AF7D4C03" author="Lee, YL" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="75 - 95" refId="B15" refString="Lee, YL, Glasby, CJ, 2015. A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 31: 75 - 95" title="A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937)." volume="31" year="2015">Lee and Glasby (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="45B367F6CD05C0AC560119929559CA92" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="0246B76662F60A486B4CF911A0CC4B9F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(2-14)</td>
|
||
<td id="8992989EE55B91D0E9E8B1474410C34B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(11-17)</td>
|
||
<td id="7C9628C4B8CC49FDC17B866D809B1504" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(30-60)</td>
|
||
<td id="73674C84C91D9C24FC1A09FB3ABC88BA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(11-20)</td>
|
||
<td id="AFDD5CA5F212330406DD0EC4C7F9325C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-0)</td>
|
||
<td id="AACB5613A6E852D353891762CCB09FA1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-0)</td>
|
||
<td id="A5A66FA67ADA1FA4D3F5C354D2ACEC39" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-0)</td>
|
||
<td id="E2053E2095EE83707B1E296ABFBC70EF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(80-138)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3F6C5D2572B47D50C305807378659E5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="C73DEA397ABD83CE31CBF135884F3829" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Calcutta in India (1)</td>
|
||
<td id="1DC9FCF738FC4C3DFBB5EF269F091207" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="E6E0AE11E253B9932AFDFF7F0D2AA3DB" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="EB522CCEE5F8ED3529A1688B331046C8" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="343FD918108774962490DD5CFFA6B109" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">10</td>
|
||
<td id="603156438DD056BC82E9DC3632F852D4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">12</td>
|
||
<td id="2D581131BECF54F99732206915918AAC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">38</td>
|
||
<td id="9367C2766A540A69C3AB3A69BAC943E0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">7</td>
|
||
<td id="CEDD0B90484AB60D86371B53B19E7626" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="6ECE6C68489B638E437323353CAE297C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1</td>
|
||
<td id="CD6774B5402CD6FD33EB0BCBC76A15CA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
|
||
<td id="5AC642E3D770182289A3DB7D53A6B1F6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">90</td>
|
||
<td id="C8E21898AF79BA31BF4AE6D908118A58" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="769A0B16B39D04EA05CDC8DADD4202C0" author="Lee, YL" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="75 - 95" refId="B15" refString="Lee, YL, Glasby, CJ, 2015. A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 31: 75 - 95" title="A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937)." volume="31" year="2015">Lee and Glasby (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="6F2A9BEB7710F484F037249AA45C3C88" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="F29854CC4EFF9DECD0FCF56A477EB558" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Near Calcutta in India (26)8</td>
|
||
<td id="C2DE57869314E530B7242C5531805798" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="60DF314E0F759C229CFA5C7F3FAA21B9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">88</td>
|
||
<td id="FB6926FB3C9B0F8A252B42037D723DD5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">123</td>
|
||
<td id="11DD9DDF429DC1753682012D2F665F47" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">10</td>
|
||
<td id="B3363B4726C08F79E19F16315FCF8037" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(10-13)</td>
|
||
<td id="D185D2E8C371CBF73F6A0FC834B7A54B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">50</td>
|
||
<td id="592642AD53FDE1B6620F594BD45721F0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(10-12)</td>
|
||
<td id="9A37E8BE6EA6F16405C48B398228F3E7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
|
||
<td id="1A2A76AC40E178CF69BCF344EBFF310E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(0-1)</td>
|
||
<td id="125C8313C2EF7BE99CEA4742540A2E97" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Up to 7</td>
|
||
<td id="B82161286113D7EB9587C0AF6190FD18" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="E9B474054A0E61289D84309DE7BC1131" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="02DF69A52BB32C5AF94DF62EDEE574B0" author="Southern, R" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="563 - 659" refId="B26" refString="Southern, R, 1921. Polychaeta of the Chilka Lake and also of fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India. Memoirs of the Indian Museum 5: 563 - 659" title="Polychaeta of the Chilka Lake and also of fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India." volume="5" year="1921">Southern (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6B6187D7A7B5EC8A318724052212A86A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<tableNote id="E8687BB534019EDC13BD8B4B3FB3733E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
1 Data from complete specimens. 2 Mean
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3F4EADBF72C228CF96756DFFDA954D03" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
SD (range). 3 Larger value at a left or right side. 4 All total with numbers from both sides of areas II, IV and VI. 5 Pooled data from 3 sites, including two atokes collected from Kuala Ibai where epitokes were obtained in the present study. 6 Calculated based on the individual data shown in table 3 in Lee & Glasby (2015). 7 A part of syntypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="516A57830B66D5BA9D9E4DBB5EE90799" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Ceratonereis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratonereis burmensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="burmensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D997EA4A6B41D5CC511AD523D1C736E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ceratonereis burmensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Monro, 1937. 8 Original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EA20831F61F943C646E09275D90E2F7B" authorityName="Southern" authorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Nereis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nereis (Nereis) glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta" subGenus="Nereis">Nereis (Nereis) glandicincta</taxonomicName>
|
||
Southern, 1921.
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1B5DCD158617BDCED39EE03E5FF8DA1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC4866B7F38BF03C721BA42609130701" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E663DE796CDA071083CC77755A472EB3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Intertidal and shallow subtidal bottoms of sandy or muddy sediment in the estuaries, where the salinity of ambient water widely ranges from 18 to 32 psu at Kuala Ibai in Malaysia (see below), and from 1 to 33 psu in the coast of the lower reaches of Songkhla Lagoon (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8033BC8B88F1381838C953E8206A3429" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02085873" author="Angsupanich, S" journalOrPublisher="Netherlands Journal of Aquatic Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="297 - 307" refId="B2" refString="Angsupanich, S, Rakkheaw, S, 1997. Seasonal variation of phytoplankton community in Thale Sap Songkhla, a lagoonal lake in southern Thailand. Netherlands Journal of Aquatic Ecology 30: 297 - 307, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02085873" title="Seasonal variation of phytoplankton community in Thale Sap Songkhla, a lagoonal lake in southern Thailand." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02085873" volume="30" year="1997">Angsupanich and Rakkheaw 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; S Angsupanich, unpublished data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F2EBA0BC3B7E34AAD2F3754BFA01D583" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="11CF65F3430686954E43A6F37563E9D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Geographic distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="35FC8DB91AD674C970BB3861D8ADD4E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
India, Myanmar, Singapore, the east coast of Malay Peninsula (Malaysia and Thailand). Based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6BDD0867F822ED0149D83387F692F107" author="Southern, R" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="563 - 659" refId="B26" refString="Southern, R, 1921. Polychaeta of the Chilka Lake and also of fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India. Memoirs of the Indian Museum 5: 563 - 659" title="Polychaeta of the Chilka Lake and also of fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India." volume="5" year="1921">Southern (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2EC8BCA92AF288057CBD61AC18388C07" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 262" refId="B5" refString="Fauvel, P, 1932. Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta 12 (1): 1 - 262" title="Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum." volume="12" year="1932">Fauvel (1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="56AA0765F4A91E562B78A6051196380C" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Commentationes Pontificia Academia Scientiarvm" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="243 - 368" refId="B6" refString="Fauvel, P, 1939. Annelides polychetes de l'Indochine. Commentationes Pontificia Academia Scientiarvm 3 (10): 243 - 368" title="Annelides polychetes de l'Indochine." volume="3" year="1939">1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CAB3CB4087538B54FD0637650B219D79" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="The Indian Press, Allahabad" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B7" refString="Fauvel, P, 1953. The Fauna of India Including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya. AnnelidaPolychaeta. The Indian Press, Allahabad" title="The Fauna of India Including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya. AnnelidaPolychaeta." year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23528D456A032D2F83134CAE68AAAF6B" author="Misra, A" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B16" refString="Misra, A, 1999. Polychaete. State Fauna Series 3: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10: 125-225." title="Polychaete. State Fauna Series 3: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10: 125 - 225." year="1999">Misra (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A5178A73EFE8683F3788E1DB7AB7207A" author="Lee, YL" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="75 - 95" refId="B15" refString="Lee, YL, Glasby, CJ, 2015. A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 31: 75 - 95" title="A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937)." volume="31" year="2015">Lee and Glasby (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E536A82CC8E8F483656555CA54CD39A4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" author="Ibrahim, NF" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 94" refId="B11" refString="Ibrahim, NF, Ibrahim, YS, Sato, M, 2019. New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 831: 81 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" title="New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" volume="831" year="2019">Ibrahim et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and the present study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F7BA9FD8F3E504689385C32A3864C1A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="3EB3CC2483FD6424733C212D817F7712" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D0EF8CB7BB69893EE7F06AD8E71EBC21" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The morphological characteristics of present Thailand and Malaysian specimens of swimming epitokes agreed well with the atokes collected from Thailand in the present study and also the atokes previously described from India (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5FA4B57F7C82A03782C46282F1176BF" author="Southern, R" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="563 - 659" refId="B26" refString="Southern, R, 1921. Polychaeta of the Chilka Lake and also of fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India. Memoirs of the Indian Museum 5: 563 - 659" title="Polychaeta of the Chilka Lake and also of fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India." volume="5" year="1921">Southern 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="647BCBB3CCFE5D0E5BB9E65229D6D471" author="Lee, YL" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="75 - 95" refId="B15" refString="Lee, YL, Glasby, CJ, 2015. A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 31: 75 - 95" title="A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937)." volume="31" year="2015">Lee and Glasby 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Myanmar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C730957174F7713165C02EDAE8879549" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933708655297" author="Monro, CCA" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="531 - 538" refId="B17" refString="Monro, CCA, 1937. On two new polychaetes from Indian Ocean. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 10 (19): 531 - 538, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933708655297" title="On two new polychaetes from Indian Ocean." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933708655297" volume="10" year="1937">Monro 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C1FF61E6BE8A6423D146F4FA40DBDA6" author="Lee, YL" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="75 - 95" refId="B15" refString="Lee, YL, Glasby, CJ, 2015. A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 31: 75 - 95" title="A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937)." volume="31" year="2015">Lee and Glasby 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Singapore (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="28B24F24A9F7AFB1B01269E1BA1312C3" author="Lee, YL" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="75 - 95" refId="B15" refString="Lee, YL, Glasby, CJ, 2015. A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 31: 75 - 95" title="A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937)." volume="31" year="2015">Lee and Glasby 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and Malaysia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CCE021EE6C4971F274B5B91A7974922B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" author="Ibrahim, NF" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 94" refId="B11" refString="Ibrahim, NF, Ibrahim, YS, Sato, M, 2019. New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 831: 81 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" title="New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" volume="831" year="2019">Ibrahim et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), except for their epitokous modification of parapodia and chaetae in the middle body, and enlarged eyes. However, we found that a few falcigers were exceptionally present in the lower neurochaetae of chaetiger 1 in three Thailand specimens, unlike the previous descriptions of this species and also the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="75FEE9579A1CD6B479FA5DB8399F490D" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F69792CDE8EBBC0250E31379351D289F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neanthes glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species complex (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83D7D9CCD185FA3820EA499C66B86D9A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" author="Ibrahim, NF" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 94" refId="B11" refString="Ibrahim, NF, Ibrahim, YS, Sato, M, 2019. New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 831: 81 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" title="New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" volume="831" year="2019">Ibrahim et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Therefore, the diagnosis of this species and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8841F82157DF9E4639E61FFC00B427C9" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="8733E2211ADBB3FD3BFA577AF6E1B8A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neanthes glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species complex should be amended here from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="527BC74675F3D052BE29210CBC4F6EE9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" author="Ibrahim, NF" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 94" refId="B11" refString="Ibrahim, NF, Ibrahim, YS, Sato, M, 2019. New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 831: 81 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" title="New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" volume="831" year="2019">Ibrahim et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to allow for the occasional presence of falcigers in chaetiger 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DFF97F16C02B7352F7FC269C7C7F32CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The Indian specimens described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AB9E6652AA6925663CAF810A53CAA783" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. glandicincta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="28AE7B3F139601EFDE05FC03CBF632B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92F5AF0AFEEC36512E783103A59FC46B" author="Misra, A" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B16" refString="Misra, A, 1999. Polychaete. State Fauna Series 3: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10: 125-225." title="Polychaete. State Fauna Series 3: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10: 125 - 225." year="1999">Misra (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
seem to belong correctly to this species if
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F388B86921231988EF6951FA27A37779" originalValue="Misra’s">Misra's</normalizedToken>
|
||
description "Notosetae homogomph spinigers and homogomph falcigers" is a mistake. The Chinese specimens described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A4801428D560EAF50397949E5A9EF585" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. glandicincta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C9999978DE5A371E970C97156CCEB85" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC6C567E309F99275E6F9A5AC15E5FB5" author="Wu, B" journalOrPublisher="Springer / China Ocean Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B31" refString="Wu, B, Sun, R, Yang, D, 1985. The Nereidae (polychaetous annelids) of the Chinese coast. Springer/China Ocean Press, Beijing" title="The Nereidae (polychaetous annelids) of the Chinese coast." year="1985">Wu et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
seem to belong to an undescribed species of another member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3BEAFE12113FC0756B5A1B4FD77B446C" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Neanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanthes glandicincta" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="105540D5FBD7851D866A8612AFE56391" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neanthes glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species complex because they differ from all other members of this species group in the absence of notopodial prechaetal lobe. Both atokous and epitokous specimens collected from southern China and identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D2F14F62025AA0E0B8CC4FF9F03BE978" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Ceratonereis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratonereis burmensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="burmensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3D02A6C5E19FBAA93A6945827E199EA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ceratonereis burmensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="329A6D2A0326032B7990A3B8C900C29F" author="Wu, B" journalOrPublisher="Springer / China Ocean Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B31" refString="Wu, B, Sun, R, Yang, D, 1985. The Nereidae (polychaetous annelids) of the Chinese coast. Springer/China Ocean Press, Beijing" title="The Nereidae (polychaetous annelids) of the Chinese coast." year="1985">Wu et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
do not seem to belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F960D08A131DA3876B78A910F39F222" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. glandicincta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandicincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C1ED71D6A25E9558BD364CA6BD7E880" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. glandicincta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; atokes with a lesser number of paragnaths seem to belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49D87C3A1EE5343F8500B95E9E7FE477" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. wilsonchani" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="wilsonchani">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFD591D339D22E7C13C0EF73848A074D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. wilsonchani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="53159ADA913ED4A7E7A8D153387B6DE9" author="Lee, YL" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="75 - 95" refId="B15" refString="Lee, YL, Glasby, CJ, 2015. A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 31: 75 - 95" title="A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937)." volume="31" year="2015">Lee and Glasby (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and the key of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D184BBB66B546764BB110DA5B6429E7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" author="Ibrahim, NF" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 94" refId="B11" refString="Ibrahim, NF, Ibrahim, YS, Sato, M, 2019. New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 831: 81 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" title="New record of an estuarine polychaete, Neanthes glandicincta (Annelida, Nereididae) on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.28588" volume="831" year="2019">Ibrahim et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, whereas an epitoke with an indented anterior margin of the prostomium seemed to belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5AF8E79E56E962E85187EF87ACD996CA" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Ceratonereis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratonereis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="26F1CFBA989EC1DCEE844EF2524E0FF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ceratonereis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |