323 lines
42 KiB
XML
323 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="74A41880099F866377C8E28FAF84BE87">Temporary expansion to shelf depths rather than an onshore-offshore trend: the shallow-water rise and demise of the modern deep-sea brittle star family Ophiacanthidae (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="401180C43023DCA2676F8661675B9CB3">Thuy, Ben</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D0AB493B695F5B1C37E3EF9900BAEE38">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="695A02217090516B3C36EB2443339C61">
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<mods:date id="EBBF854A3709AC499D70D739C153C13D">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CBBAE2578A9730C4150B6F0937D054B9">2013-07-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F98112174F81240663961369E7910B79">48</mods:number>
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<treatment id="9978976365DE85F5D3472209FD5A99FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3844289" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164044777" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3844289" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:563DC91F-6457-4DDE-A0EE-A4C9D2A04770" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9978976365DE85F5D3472209FD5A99FF" lastPageId="142" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE65DE85F0D3472209FC459842" box="[631,957,1823,1850]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="116E267565DE85F0D3472209FC459842" blockId="139.[359,1228,1823,1923]" box="[631,957,1823,1850]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<heading id="4A26911965DE85F0D3472209FC459842" box="[631,957,1823,1850]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665DE85F0D3472209FCA39842" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[631,859,1823,1850]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Dermocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="faberi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DE85F0D3472209FCA39842" bold="true" box="[631,859,1823,1850]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Dermocoma faberi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C65DE85F0D2522209FC459842" box="[866,957,1824,1850]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE65DE85F0D057226DFCA798FB" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="description">
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<paragraph id="116E267565DE85F0D057226DFB349827" blockId="139.[359,1228,1823,1923]" box="[359,1228,1860,1887]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<uri id="65402A7765DE85F0D057226DFB349827" box="[359,1228,1860,1887]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="65771CA065DE85F0D3B2226DFB349827" box="[642,1228,1860,1887]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">563DC91F-6457-4DDE-A0EE-A4C9D2A04770</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E267565DE85F0D3E52240FCA798FB" blockId="139.[359,1228,1823,1923]" box="[725,863,1897,1923]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<figureCitation id="89EA3AF065DE85F0D3E52240FCD598FB" box="[725,813,1897,1923]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="141.[189,231,1684,1710]" captionTargetBox="[284,1303,265,1644]" captionTargetId="figure@141.[284,1303,265,1644]" captionTargetPageId="141" captionText="Fig. 26. Fossil lateral arm plates (LAPs) of ophiacanthid brittle stars in external (a) and internal (b) views. 1-3. Dermocoma faberi sp. nov. from the Hettangian (Early Jurassic) of Vance, Belgium. 1. MnhnL HE408 (holotype), proximal LAP. 2. MnhnL HE409 (paratype), median LAP. 3. MnhnL HE410 (paratype), distal LAP. 4-6. Dermocoma potti sp. nov. from the late Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic) of Feuguerolles, France. 4. GZG.INV.78675 (holotype), proximal LAP. 5. GZG.INV.78676 (paratype), median LAP. 6. GZG. INV.78677 (paratype), distal LAP. 7-8. Dermocoma toarcensis (Hess, 1962) comb. nov. from the late Toarcian (Early Jurassic) of Seewen, Switzerland. 7. NHMB M11216, proximal LAP. 8. NHMB M11217, distal LAP. 9-11. Dermocoma longwyensis sp. nov. from the early Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) of Longwy, France. 9. GZG.INV.78679 (holotype), proximal LAP. 10. GZG.INV.78680 (paratype), median LAP. 11. GZG.INV.78681 (paratype), distal LAP. One common scale bar per species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3822893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3822893/files/figure.png" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
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: 1-3
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE65DE85F0D18D2285FE379894" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="116E267565DE85F0D18D2285FE379894" blockId="139.[189,1398,1964,2028]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="31C1015B65DE85F0D18D2285FE379894" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665DE85F0D18D2285FE1A98BE" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1842" box="[189,482,1964,1990]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DE85F0D18D2285FEAE98BE" box="[189,342,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Ophiacantha</emphasis>
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?
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<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DE85F0D05A2284FE1A98BE" box="[362,482,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">toarcensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="9070006465DE85F0D0CD2285FD5398BE" author="Thuy B." box="[509,683,1964,1991]" page="40" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" year="2005">
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<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465DE85F0D0CD2285FD5398BE" author="Thuy B." box="[509,683,1964,1991]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="33 - 57" refId="ref128572" refString="Thuy B. 2005. Les Ophiures de l'Hettangien inferieur de Vance (B), Bereldange / Bridel et Bourglinster (L). In: Delsate D. (ed.) Biostratigraphie et Paleontologie de l'Hettangien en Belgique et au Grand- Duche de Luxembourg: 33 - 57. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Belgium 51, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels." type="journal article" year="2005">Thuy 2005: 40</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 5 figs 1-6 (material incorrectly assigned to
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<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665DE85F0D5E02285FE3A9894" authority="Hess, 1962" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1842" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DE85F0D5E02285FA9198BE" box="[1232,1385,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Ophiacantha</emphasis>
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?
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<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DE85F0D18D22FBFECD9893" box="[189,309,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">toarcensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465DE85F0D00C22F8FE3A9894" author="Hess H." box="[316,450,2001,2028]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="609 - 656" refId="ref122260" refString="Hess H. 1962. Mikropalaontologische Untersuchungen an Ophiuren II: Die Ophiuren aus dem Lias (Pliensbachien-Toarcien) von Seewen (Kt. Solothurn). Eclogae geologicae Helvetiae 55: 609 - 656." type="journal article" year="1962">Hess, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE65D985F7D18D2422FA959E0F" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D2422FECE9E5D" blockId="140.[189,310,267,293]" box="[189,310,267,293]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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||
<heading id="4A26911965D985F7D18D2422FECE9E5D" bold="true" box="[189,310,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D18D2422FECE9E5D" bold="true" box="[189,310,267,293]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D2410FA959E0F" blockId="140.[189,1398,313,375]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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Species of
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<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665D985F7D0092413FE329E2B" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1964" box="[313,458,314,339]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Dermocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D0092413FE329E2B" box="[313,458,314,339]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Dermocoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with large LAPs displaying a fine, vertical striation on almost entire outer surface; up to four spurs on outer proximal and inner distal edges; up to six relatively small spine articulations.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="59CB75FE65D985F7D18D24B6FDD49D72" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D24B6FEBC9EC1" blockId="140.[189,324,415,441]" box="[189,324,415,441]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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||
<heading id="4A26911965D985F7D18D24B6FEBC9EC1" bold="true" box="[189,324,415,441]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D18D24B6FEBC9EC1" bold="true" box="[189,324,415,441]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D24E4FDD49D72" blockId="140.[189,1398,461,523]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Species named in honour of Alain Faber, who provided valuable support, especially at the very beginning of my palaeontological studies.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE65D985F7D18D271BFD999C7B" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D271BFE949D34" blockId="140.[189,364,562,588]" box="[189,364,562,588]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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||
<heading id="4A26911965D985F7D18D271BFE949D34" bold="true" box="[189,364,562,588]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D18D271BFE949D34" bold="true" box="[189,364,562,588]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Type material</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="A1B92C2865D985F7D1DA2748FE8E9DE6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2612041354" collectionCode="MnhnL" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" specimenCode="MnhnL HE408" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D1DA2748FEA49D03" blockId="140.[189,374,609,670]" box="[234,348,609,635]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D1DA2748FEA49D03" bold="true" box="[234,348,609,635]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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||
<typeStatus id="CE6A98D765D985F7D1DA2748FEA49D03" box="[234,348,609,635]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D27ADFE8E9DE6" blockId="140.[189,374,609,670]" box="[189,374,644,670]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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||
<specimenCode id="41778E0E65D985F7D18D27ADFE8B9DE6" box="[189,371,644,670]" collectionCode="MnhnL" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">MnhnL HE408</specimenCode>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D1DA27EFFE9F9D98" blockId="140.[189,609,710,771]" box="[234,359,710,736]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D1DA27EFFE9F9D98" bold="true" box="[234,359,710,736]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<typeStatus id="CE6A98D765D985F7D1DA27EFFE9F9D98" box="[234,359,710,736]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D27C0FD999C7B" blockId="140.[189,609,710,771]" box="[189,609,745,771]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">MnhnL HE409 and MnhnL HE410.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="59CB75FE65D985F7D18D2602FAD29C0B" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D2602FE039C3C" blockId="140.[189,507,810,837]" box="[189,507,810,837]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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||
<heading id="4A26911965D985F7D18D2602FE039C3C" bold="true" box="[189,507,810,837]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D18D2602FE039C3C" bold="true" box="[189,507,810,837]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Type locality and horizon</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D2673FAD29C0B" blockId="140.[189,1322,857,884]" box="[189,1322,857,884]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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||
Vance,
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<collectingCountry id="69C666E565D985F7D0232670FE849C0B" box="[275,380,857,883]" name="Belgium" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Belgium</collectingCountry>
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||
; sample Van1 of
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<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465D985F7D3752670FD239C0C" author="Thuy B." box="[581,731,857,884]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="33 - 57" refId="ref128572" refString="Thuy B. 2005. Les Ophiures de l'Hettangien inferieur de Vance (B), Bereldange / Bridel et Bourglinster (L). In: Delsate D. (ed.) Biostratigraphie et Paleontologie de l'Hettangien en Belgique et au Grand- Duche de Luxembourg: 33 - 57. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Belgium 51, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels." type="journal article" year="2005">Thuy (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665D985F7D3D72670FC599C0C" authority="Zone" authorityName="Zone, E. Jur. (Delsate & Thuy" authorityYear="2005" box="[743,929,857,884]" class="Gastropoda" family="Planorbidae" genus="Planorbis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hygrophila" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D3D72670FCA39C0B" box="[743,859,857,883]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Planorbis</emphasis>
|
||
Zone
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, early Hettangian, Early Jurassic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="59CB75FE65D985F7D18D26B2FC299B09" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D26B2FE4C9CCD" blockId="140.[189,436,923,949]" box="[189,436,923,949]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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<heading id="4A26911965D985F7D18D26B2FE4C9CCD" bold="true" box="[189,436,923,949]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D18D26B2FE4C9CCD" bold="true" box="[189,436,923,949]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Additional material</emphasis>
|
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</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D26E0FC299B09" blockId="140.[189,1399,969,1137]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
|
||
MnhnL HE411 (385 dissociated LAPs), MnhnL HE256 and HE 257 (7 dissociated LAPs), original material from sample Van1 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465D985F7D31926C4FD3A9B70" author="Thuy B." box="[553,706,1005,1032]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="33 - 57" refId="ref128572" refString="Thuy B. 2005. Les Ophiures de l'Hettangien inferieur de Vance (B), Bereldange / Bridel et Bourglinster (L). In: Delsate D. (ed.) Biostratigraphie et Paleontologie de l'Hettangien en Belgique et au Grand- Duche de Luxembourg: 33 - 57. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Belgium 51, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels." type="journal article" year="2005">Thuy (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; MnhnL HE412 (239 dissociated LAPs), original material from sample Van2 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465D985F7D0882139FDB79B53" author="Thuy B." box="[440,591,1040,1067]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="33 - 57" refId="ref128572" refString="Thuy B. 2005. Les Ophiures de l'Hettangien inferieur de Vance (B), Bereldange / Bridel et Bourglinster (L). In: Delsate D. (ed.) Biostratigraphie et Paleontologie de l'Hettangien en Belgique et au Grand- Duche de Luxembourg: 33 - 57. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Belgium 51, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels." type="journal article" year="2005">Thuy (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; MnhnL HE413 (457 dissociated LAPs) from level c of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465D985F7D5EE2139FEF59B36" author="Delsate D. & Duffin C. J. & Weis R." pageId="140" pageNumber="141" refId="ref120647" refString="Delsate D., Duffin C. J. & Weis R. 2002. A new microvertebrate fauna from the Middle Hettangian (Early Jurassic) of Fontenoille (Province of Luxembourg, south Belgium). Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Belgium 48, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels." type="journal volume" year="2002">
|
||
Delsate
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D40C2138FA8F9B52" box="[1340,1399,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2002)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D02B211DFE859B35" box="[283,381,1076,1101]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Liasicus</emphasis>
|
||
Zone, Hettangian of Fontenoille,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69C666E565D985F7D221211AFC829B35" box="[785,890,1075,1101]" name="Belgium" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Belgium</collectingCountry>
|
||
; original material of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465D985F7D544211AFAF09B36" author="Thuy B." box="[1140,1288,1075,1102]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="33 - 57" refId="ref128572" refString="Thuy B. 2005. Les Ophiures de l'Hettangien inferieur de Vance (B), Bereldange / Bridel et Bourglinster (L). In: Delsate D. (ed.) Biostratigraphie et Paleontologie de l'Hettangien en Belgique et au Grand- Duche de Luxembourg: 33 - 57. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Belgium 51, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels." type="journal article" year="2005">Thuy (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from the Hettangian of Bourglinster, Bereldange and Bridel in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69C666E565D985F7D202217EFC359B09" box="[818,973,1111,1137]" name="Luxembourg" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Luxembourg</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="59CB75FE65D985F5D18D21B1FAC49B7B" lastPageId="142" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D21B1FEB69BCA" blockId="140.[189,334,1176,1202]" box="[189,334,1176,1202]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<heading id="4A26911965D985F7D18D21B1FEB69BCA" bold="true" box="[189,334,1176,1202]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D18D21B1FEB69BCA" bold="true" box="[189,334,1176,1202]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D1DA21EEFEA49B99" blockId="140.[189,1399,1223,2027]" box="[234,348,1223,1249]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D985F7D1DA21EEFEA49B99" bold="true" box="[234,348,1223,1249]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<typeStatus id="CE6A98D765D985F7D1DA21EEFEA49B99" box="[234,348,1223,1249]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565D985F7D18D21C3FC7699A8" blockId="140.[189,1399,1223,2027]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">MnhnL HE408 is a dissociated, large, proximal LAP; approximately 1.5 times higher than wide, with oblique, slightly concave dorsal edge as a result of a very weak constriction; distal edge weakly convex; ventral quarter of LAP protruding ventro-proximalwards; proximal edge of LAP gently concave, with four horizontally elongate, prominent and strongly protruding, poorly defined but conspicuous spurs; second dorsalmost spur in the centre of the proximal edge, more than twice larger than remaining three spurs of near-equal size; outer surface with fine vertical striation consisting of thin, slightly distalwards overlapping lamellae; striation covering almost entire outer surface, with slight irregularities in ventral half of outer surface, otherwise very regularly vertical; lamellae decreasing in size and fading into finely meshed stereom towards proximal edge of LAP. Six relatively small, ear-shaped spine articulations in notches of distal edge interrupting vertical striation; no connecting ridge between spine articulation and striation; spine articulations of nearly equal size, with very weak dorsalward increase in size; dorsal and ventral lobes forming continuous, round lobe; very strong dorsalward increase in size of gaps separating spine articulations; relatively wide gap between spine articulations and distal edge of LAP. Ventral edge of LAP with moderately large, gently concave tentacle notch.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565D985F5D18D23F3FD389E14" blockId="140.[189,1399,1223,2027]" lastBlockId="142.[189,1399,267,365]" lastPageId="142" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Inner side of LAP with narrow, sharply defined, prominent ridge separated by gentle kink into ventral and dorsal portions; dorsal portion oblique with dorsal tip widened, less sharply defined and bent dorsalwards; ventral portion bent proximalwards, slightly less prominent and more weakly defined than dorsal portion but not merged with thickened ventral edge of LAP; inner side of distal edge thin and with relatively wide vertical band of finely meshed stereom sharply separated from coarsely meshed stereom of remaining inner side; four relatively small, horizontally elongate, poorly defined, prominent, albeit not protruding, spurs in finely meshed band of distal edge; second dorsalmost spur slightly larger than remaining three. Tentacle notch relatively large, proximally bordered by thickened ventral edge of LAP, and distally by short nearly vertical ridge close to ventro-distal tip of LAP. Hardly discernible, irregular, vertical row of perforations at boundary between finely meshed stereom of distal edge and coarsely meshed stereom of remaining inner surface.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="45AE76FD65D885F6D18D23BDFBA09893" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3822893" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3822893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3822893/files/figure.png" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" startId="141.[189,231,1684,1710]" targetBox="[284,1303,265,1644]" targetPageId="141">
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565D885F6D18D23BDFBA09893" blockId="141.[189,1399,1684,2027]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D18D23BDFEEE99D6" bold="true" box="[189,278,1684,1710]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Fig. 26.</emphasis>
|
||
Fossil lateral arm plates (LAPs) of ophiacanthid brittle stars in external (a) and internal (b) views.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D18D239EFF1399A9" bold="true" box="[189,235,1719,1745]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">1-3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665D885F6D1C02391FE3299A9" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[240,458,1719,1745]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Dermocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="faberi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D1C02391FE3299A9" box="[240,458,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Dermocoma faberi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C65D885F6D0FF2391FDDE99AA" box="[463,550,1720,1746]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from the Hettangian (Early Jurassic) of Vance, Belgium.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D59E239EFB3C99A9" bold="true" box="[1198,1220,1719,1745]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">1.</emphasis>
|
||
MnhnL HE408 (holotype), proximal LAP.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D0C223F3FDF0998C" bold="true" box="[498,520,1754,1780]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">2.</emphasis>
|
||
MnhnL HE409 (paratype), median LAP.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D2D323F3FC01998C" bold="true" box="[995,1017,1754,1780]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">3.</emphasis>
|
||
MnhnL HE410 (paratype), distal LAP.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D1CE23D4FED4986F" bold="true" box="[254,300,1789,1815]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">4-6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665D885F6D00323D7FE06986F" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[307,510,1790,1815]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Dermocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="potti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D00323D7FE06986F" box="[307,510,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Dermocoma potti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C65D885F6D33423D7FDA59860" box="[516,605,1790,1816]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from the late Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic) of Feuguerolles, France.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D18D2208FF2B9843" bold="true" box="[189,211,1825,1851]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">4.</emphasis>
|
||
GZG.INV.78675 (holotype), proximal LAP.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D3C22208FCF09843" bold="true" box="[754,776,1825,1851]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">5.</emphasis>
|
||
GZG.INV.78676 (paratype), median LAP.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D4222208FAD09843" bold="true" box="[1298,1320,1825,1851]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">6.</emphasis>
|
||
GZG. INV.78677 (paratype), distal LAP.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D36D226DFD739826" bold="true" box="[605,651,1860,1886]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">7-8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665D885F6D3A5226CFBBE9827" authority="(Hess, 1962)" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Hess" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[661,1094,1860,1887]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Dermocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="toarcensis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D3A5226CFC5D9826" box="[661,933,1861,1886]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Dermocoma toarcensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465D885F6D287226DFBC69827" author="Hess H." box="[951,1086,1860,1887]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" pagination="609 - 656" refId="ref122260" refString="Hess H. 1962. Mikropalaontologische Untersuchungen an Ophiuren II: Die Ophiuren aus dem Lias (Pliensbachien-Toarcien) von Seewen (Kt. Solothurn). Eclogae geologicae Helvetiae 55: 609 - 656." type="journal article" year="1962">Hess, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C65D885F6D560226DFB2B9826" box="[1104,1235,1860,1886]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from the late Toarcian (Early Jurassic) of Seewen, Switzerland.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D3CE224EFCEC98F9" bold="true" box="[766,788,1895,1921]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">7.</emphasis>
|
||
NHMB M11216, proximal LAP.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D5A5224EFB5398F9" bold="true" box="[1173,1195,1895,1921]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">8.</emphasis>
|
||
NHMB
|
||
<accessionNumber id="0E82BB9665D885F6D43E224EFA8A98F9" box="[1294,1394,1895,1921]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/M11217" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" type="EnaNcbi">M11217</accessionNumber>
|
||
, distal LAP.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D07322A3FE8698DC" bold="true" box="[323,382,1930,1956]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">9-11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665D885F6D0B422A2FD5098DC" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[388,680,1930,1956]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Dermocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longwyensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D0B422A2FD5098DC" box="[388,680,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Dermocoma longwyensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C65D885F6D39E22A2FCFF98DD" box="[686,775,1931,1957]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from the early Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) of Longwy, France.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D02E2284FECC98BF" bold="true" box="[286,308,1965,1991]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">9.</emphasis>
|
||
GZG.INV.78679 (holotype), proximal LAP.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D2632284FC8098BF" bold="true" box="[851,888,1965,1991]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">10.</emphasis>
|
||
GZG.INV.78680 (paratype), median LAP.
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765D885F6D18D22F8FF269893" bold="true" box="[189,222,2001,2027]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">11.</emphasis>
|
||
GZG.INV.78681 (paratype), distal LAP. One common scale bar per species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565DB85F5D1DA24BDFD489ED6" blockId="142.[189,1399,404,714]" box="[234,688,404,430]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DB85F5D1DA24BDFD489ED6" bold="true" box="[234,688,404,430]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<typeStatus id="CE6A98D765DB85F5D1DA24BDFEA49ED6" box="[234,348,404,430]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
supplements and variation
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565DB85F5D18D249EFEAE9D27" blockId="142.[189,1399,404,714]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">MnhnL HE409 is a dissociated median LAP, slightly higher than wide; dorsal edge oblique, nearly straight to slightly convex; proximal edge slightly broken, with only single poorly defined, slightly prominent and protruding, horizontally elongate spur approximately in centre of proximal edge. Four ear-shaped, nearly equal-sized spine articulations; dorsalward increase in size of gaps separating spine articulations.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565DB85F5D18D2740FC409DB1" blockId="142.[189,1399,404,714]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
|
||
Inner side of LAP with ridge similar to that in
|
||
<typeStatus id="CE6A98D765DB85F5D2312741FC939DFA" box="[769,875,616,642]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; inner side of distal edge with two weakly defined, slightly prominent, horizontally elongate ridges, ventral one of which slightly better defined and protruding as a result of the distal edge of the LAP being broken.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565DB85F5D18D27D8FE379CE0" blockId="142.[189,1399,753,1027]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">MnhnL HE410 is a dissociated distal LAP; twice wider than high, of nearly perfectly rectangular outline; dorsal and ventral edges straight; distal edge slightly convex, proximal straight, bordered by with oblique dorso-proximal and ventro-proximal tips of LAP; no spurs discernible on proximal edge. Three spine articulations sunken into notches of distal edge. Ventralmost spine articulation ventro-distally bordered by tentacle perforation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565DB85F5D18D268BFAC49B7B" blockId="142.[189,1399,753,1027]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Inner side of LAP with sharply defined, short, oblique ridge, slightly pointed dorso-proximally and ventro-distally; distal edge of LAP with two very weakly defined, slightly protruding spurs near dorso- and ventro-distal tips of LAP. Large tentacle perforation in the centre of the distal half of the LAP.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="59CB75FE65DB85F5D18D2102FA96996F" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565DB85F5D18D2102FED79B3D" blockId="142.[189,303,1067,1093]" box="[189,303,1067,1093]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<heading id="4A26911965DB85F5D18D2102FED79B3D" bold="true" box="[189,303,1067,1093]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DB85F5D18D2102FED79B3D" bold="true" box="[189,303,1067,1093]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565DB85F5D18D2170FEE19A5C" blockId="142.[189,1399,1113,1316]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
|
||
These specimens were originally recorded by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465DB85F5D3E22170FC9D9B0C" author="Thuy B." box="[722,869,1113,1140]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="33 - 57" refId="ref128572" refString="Thuy B. 2005. Les Ophiures de l'Hettangien inferieur de Vance (B), Bereldange / Bridel et Bourglinster (L). In: Delsate D. (ed.) Biostratigraphie et Paleontologie de l'Hettangien en Belgique et au Grand- Duche de Luxembourg: 33 - 57. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Belgium 51, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels." type="journal article" year="2005">Thuy (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665DB85F5D2BA2170FBDB9B0B" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1842" box="[906,1059,1113,1139]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DB85F5D2BA2170FBDB9B0B" box="[906,1059,1113,1139]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Ophiacantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665DB85F5D5072173FAC09B0B" authority="Hess, 1962" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1962" box="[1079,1336,1113,1140]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Dermocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="toarcensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DB85F5D5072173FB579B0B" box="[1079,1199,1114,1139]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">toarcensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465DB85F5D5852173FAC09B0B" author="Hess H." box="[1205,1336,1113,1140]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="609 - 656" refId="ref122260" refString="Hess H. 1962. Mikropalaontologische Untersuchungen an Ophiuren II: Die Ophiuren aus dem Lias (Pliensbachien-Toarcien) von Seewen (Kt. Solothurn). Eclogae geologicae Helvetiae 55: 609 - 656." type="journal article" year="1962">Hess, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, who acknowledged that they were not entirely compatible with the diagnosis of the species. The discrepancies in LAP morphology, originally interpreted as within-species variability (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465DB85F5D53A2189FB689BC3" author="Thuy B." box="[1034,1168,1184,1211]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="33 - 57" refId="ref128572" refString="Thuy B. 2005. Les Ophiures de l'Hettangien inferieur de Vance (B), Bereldange / Bridel et Bourglinster (L). In: Delsate D. (ed.) Biostratigraphie et Paleontologie de l'Hettangien en Belgique et au Grand- Duche de Luxembourg: 33 - 57. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Belgium 51, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels." type="journal article" year="2005">Thuy 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), are here identified as differences of systematic importance warranting separation at the specific level, in line with the observations by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="75405B8465DB85F5D0B121CEFD869A79" author="Thuy B. & Stohr S." box="[385,638,1255,1281]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref128956" refString="Thuy B. & Stohr S. 2011. Lateral arm plate morphology in brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): new perspectives for ophiuroid micropalaeontology and classification. Zootaxa 3013: 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="2011">Thuy & Stöhr (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on variability patterns in LAP morpologies of extant ophiuroid species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565DB85F5D18D2065FA96996F" blockId="142.[189,1399,1356,1560]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
|
||
The size, shape and position of the spine articulations, the outer surface ornament and the shape of the ridge on the inner side strongly suggest that these LAPs are assignable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665DB85F5D5372059FB609AF1" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1964" box="[1031,1176,1392,1417]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Dermocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DB85F5D5372059FB609AF1" box="[1031,1176,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Dermocoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Within this genus, greatest similarities are, indeed, shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665DB85F5D3F720BDFC2F9AD5" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Hess" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[711,983,1428,1453]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Dermocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="toarcensis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DB85F5D3F720BDFC2F9AD5" box="[711,983,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Dermocoma toarcensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C65DB85F5D2EE20BAFB9A9AD5" box="[990,1122,1427,1453]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, originally described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665DB85F5D18D209FFEAE9AA8" authorityName="Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1842" box="[189,342,1462,1488]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DB85F5D18D209FFEAE9AA8" box="[189,342,1462,1488]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Ophiacantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF665DB85F5D05A209EFE199AA8" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Hess" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[362,481,1463,1488]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Dermocoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="toarcensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DB85F5D05A209EFE199AA8" box="[362,481,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">toarcensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, on account of the higher number of spine articulations and spurs on the outer proximal and inner distal edges. However, the present LAPs differ in displaying up to four, rather than three, spurs, as well as smaller spine articulations on a less strongly elevated distal portion of the LAP.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="59CB75FE65DB85F5D18D2316FD5A99FF" box="[189,674,1599,1671]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565DB85F5D18D2316FEB79921" blockId="142.[189,335,1599,1625]" box="[189,335,1599,1625]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<heading id="4A26911965DB85F5D18D2316FEB79921" bold="true" box="[189,335,1599,1625]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A5FA6765DB85F5D18D2316FEB79921" bold="true" box="[189,335,1599,1625]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="116E267565DB85F5D18D2344FD5A99FF" blockId="142.[189,674,1645,1671]" box="[189,674,1645,1671]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
|
||
Hettangian of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69C666E565DB85F5D0552344FE3299FF" box="[357,458,1645,1671]" name="Belgium" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Belgium</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69C666E565DB85F5D3332344FD6699FF" box="[515,670,1645,1671]" name="Luxembourg" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Luxembourg</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |