treatments-xml/data/99/78/97/997897636541856ED35A24E5FB8D9E17.xml
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<document id="87DA4BF8FCD4932E8DEF1D620260309B" ID-CLB-Dataset="22249" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2013.48" ID-GBIF-Dataset="02866e62-ab61-4cf4-9d98-0248e251084e" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3822836" ID-ZooBank="E7080722-E348-448D-96E5-D537F4865BB5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589219740188" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Thuy, Ben" docDate="2013" docId="997897636541856ED35A24E5FB8D9E17" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2013-48.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 48" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Eolaxoporus Thuy 2013, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="6C93137E-586A-405A-B553-2359C7534CCE" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="6541EF1B6555857BD1302529FFF89F78" masterDocTitle="Temporary expansion to shelf depths rather than an onshore-offshore trend: the shallow-water rise and demise of the modern deep-sea brittle star family Ophiacanthidae (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)" masterLastPageNumber="242" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1698839159859" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="685ACC9C8E7096F2C47E7728EF8A6AFB">Temporary expansion to shelf depths rather than an onshore-offshore trend: the shallow-water rise and demise of the modern deep-sea brittle star family Ophiacanthidae (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3959B4DBA3B85ADDBDF7D345E1587D11">Thuy, Ben</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="64F165F19845F83213097D637BF3C00E">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="023A24BCA6A5442B73F6ABB82C2EE304">2013</mods:date>
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<treatment id="997897636541856ED35A24E5FB8D9E17" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3844184" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164044828" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3844184" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6C93137E-586A-405A-B553-2359C7534CCE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/997897636541856ED35A24E5FB8D9E17" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6541856FD35A24E5FB399D72" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD35A24E5FC329E9F" blockId="20.[371,1217,460,522]" box="[618,970,460,487]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="4A2691196541856FD35A24E5FC329E9F" box="[618,970,460,487]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="2">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD38D24E5FCA09E9F" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[701,856,460,487]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Eolaxoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD38D24E5FCA09E9F" bold="true" box="[701,856,460,487]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Eolaxoporus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C6541856FD26F24E4FC329E9F" box="[863,970,461,487]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6541856FD18D2718FDD59D93" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D2718FEA09D33" blockId="20.[189,344,561,587]" box="[189,344,561,587]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="4A2691196541856FD18D2718FEA09D33" bold="true" box="[189,344,561,587]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="3">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD18D2718FEA09D33" bold="true" box="[189,344,561,587]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76541856FD18D2718FF029D33" box="[189,250,561,587]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D2749FCC69D02" blockId="20.[189,830,608,634]" box="[189,830,608,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD18D2749FE3E9D02" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,454,608,634]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Eolaxoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hagdorni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD18D2749FE3E9D02" box="[189,454,608,634]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Eolaxoporus hagdorni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C6541856FD0FD2749FDD09D02" box="[461,552,608,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by present designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D2788FE209DC3" blockId="20.[189,472,673,699]" box="[189,472,673,699]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="4A2691196541856FD18D2788FE209DC3" bold="true" box="[189,472,673,699]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="3">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD18D2788FE209DC3" bold="true" box="[189,472,673,699]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Other species included</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D27F9FDD59D93" blockId="20.[189,557,720,747]" box="[189,557,720,747]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD18D27F9FE329D92" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,458,720,746]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Eolaxoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="imminens" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD18D27F9FE329D92" box="[189,458,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Eolaxoporus imminens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C6541856FD0E227F8FDD59D93" box="[466,557,721,747]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6541856FD18D263BFC679C90" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D263BFECE9C54" blockId="20.[189,310,786,812]" box="[189,310,786,812]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="4A2691196541856FD18D263BFECE9C54" bold="true" box="[189,310,786,812]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="3">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD18D263BFECE9C54" bold="true" box="[189,310,786,812]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D2669FC679C90" blockId="20.[189,1399,832,1000]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ophiacanthid with lateral arm plates of rectangular outline displaying large tentacle notches; welldeveloped constriction, outer surface without conspicuous ornamentation; two spurs on the outer proximal and inner distal edges; spine articulations with near-parallel, proximally widely separated dorsal and ventral lobes connected distally by sigmoidal fold; tongue-shaped, dorso-proximalwards bent ridge devoid of kinks and widened parts on the inner side.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6541856FD18D2139FD599BE7" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D2139FEBC9B52" blockId="20.[189,324,1040,1066]" box="[189,324,1040,1066]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="4A2691196541856FD18D2139FEBC9B52" bold="true" box="[189,324,1040,1066]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="3">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD18D2139FEBC9B52" bold="true" box="[189,324,1040,1066]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D2116FD599BE7" blockId="20.[189,1399,1086,1183]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Name composed of
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD09C2116FE209B20" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1832" box="[428,472,1087,1112]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Eos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD09C2116FE209B20" box="[428,472,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Eos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the Greek goddess of the dawn,
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD2572117FC5D9B20" box="[871,933,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">laxus</emphasis>
, Latin for “wide”, and
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD58B2116FB069B20" box="[1211,1278,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">porus</emphasis>
, Latin for “pore”, in allusion to the fact that this genus represents one of the oldest members of the large-pored ophiacanthid lineages; gender masculine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6541856ED18D21EFFB8D9E17" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D21EFFED79B98" blockId="20.[189,303,1222,1248]" box="[189,303,1222,1248]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="4A2691196541856FD18D21EFFED79B98" bold="true" box="[189,303,1222,1248]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="3">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD18D21EFFED79B98" bold="true" box="[189,303,1222,1248]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D21DCFC049952" blockId="20.[189,1399,1269,1578]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Small dissociated lateral arm plates with conspicuously large tentacle notches, a well-developed constriction resulting in an elevated distal part, and spine articulations composed of proximally widely separated dorsal and ventral lobes connected distally by a sigmoidal fold are the commonest and stratigraphically most widely distributed ophiacanthid remains in Triassic shallow-water deposits. The peculiar structure of the spine articulations seems misleading at first, but the presence of a sigmoidal fold (as defined by
<bibRefCitation id="75405B846541856FD055208FFDE29AB8" author="Martynov A." box="[357,538,1446,1472]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 154" refId="ref125238" refString="Martynov A. 2010. Reassessment of the classification of the Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata), based on morphological characters. I. General character evaluation and delineation of the families Ophiomyxidae and Ophiacanthidae. Zootaxa 2697: 1 - 154." type="journal article" year="2010">Martynov 2010</bibRefCitation>
) undoubtedly places the present LAP
<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76541856FD2E1208FFBFC9AB8" box="[977,1028,1446,1472]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
in the
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD560208CFAF49AC7" authorityName="Ljungman" authorityYear="1867" box="[1104,1292,1445,1471]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophiacanthidae</taxonomicName>
. The size of the tentacle notches implies that the corresponding tentacle pores were large as defined by
<bibRefCitation id="75405B846541856FD5C820E0FEF7997E" author="Thuy B. &amp; Ishida Y. &amp; Doi E. &amp; Kroh A." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref128754" refString="Thuy B., Ishida Y., Doi E. &amp; Kroh A. 2012. New ophiacanthid brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from the Upper Triassic of Japan: first insights into the origin and evolution of an extant deep-sea group. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology." type="book" year="2012">
Thuy
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD40D20E3FA8F9A9B" box="[1341,1399,1481,1507]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
. This refers the present LAP
<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76541856FD35B20C4FD66997F" box="[619,670,1517,1543]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
among the basal, large-pored ophiacanthid lineages formerly united as the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD0E52326FC009952" authority="Paterson, 1985" authorityName="Paterson" authorityYear="1985" box="[469,1016,1551,1578]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiacanthida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ophiotominae">
Ophiotominae
<bibRefCitation id="75405B846541856FD3B42339FCCB9952" author="Paterson G. L. J." box="[644,819,1551,1578]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref126523" refString="Paterson G. L. J. 1985. The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series 49, British Museum, London." type="book" year="1985">Paterson, 1985</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="75405B846541856FD2722339FC179952" author="Paterson G. L. J." box="[834,1007,1551,1578]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref126523" refString="Paterson G. L. J. 1985. The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series 49, British Museum, London." type="book" year="1985">Paterson 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D2378FCB19864" blockId="20.[189,1399,1617,1820]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Indeed, there is a certain resemblance to the LAPs of extant
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD29F2378FBAD9913" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[943,1109,1617,1643]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiomyxidae" genus="Ophiologimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD29F2378FBAD9913" box="[943,1109,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ophiologimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and, on account of the presence of spurs on the outer proximal and inner distal edges, even a closer match with the LAPs of extinct
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD02723B1FE6E99CA" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[279,406,1688,1714]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Lapidaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD02723B1FE6E99CA" box="[279,406,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Lapidaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C6541856FD09023B1FDF599CA" box="[416,525,1688,1714]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
The structure of the spine articulations, however, differs fundamentally. A new genus,
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD0592392FE0799AD" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[361,511,1723,1749]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Eolaxoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD0592392FE0799AD" box="[361,511,1723,1749]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Eolaxoporus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C6541856FD3382395FD8D99AE" box="[520,629,1724,1750]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, is thus erected here to accommodate the LAP
<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76541856FD5802395FB1B99AE" box="[1200,1251,1724,1750]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
in question. Phylogenetic relations with other large-pored ophiacanthid lineages, however, remain elusive until articulated specimens of this new genus are discovered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="116E26756541856FD18D226AFA8D9893" blockId="20.[189,1399,1859,2027]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
The LAPs described as
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD0FC226AFDA79825" authorityName="Muller &amp; Troschel" authorityYear="1842" box="[460,607,1859,1885]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD0FC226AFDA79825" box="[460,607,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ophiacantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD343226AFD039825" box="[627,763,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">binitorulosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="75405B846541856FD233226AFACF9825" author="Kristan-Tollmann E. &amp; Tollmann A. &amp; Hamedani A." box="[771,1335,1859,1885]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="119 - 186" refId="ref124287" refString="Kristan-Tollmann E., Tollmann A. &amp; Hamedani A. 1979. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Trias von Persien. Mitteilungen der Osterreichischen Geologischen Gesellschaft 70: 119 - 186." type="journal article" year="1979">Kristan-Tollmann, Tollmann and Hamedani, 1979</bibRefCitation>
from the Rhaetian of
<collectingCountry id="69C666E56541856FD047224EFE5E98F9" box="[375,422,1895,1921]" name="Iran" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Iran</collectingCountry>
, are probably assignable to
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD3DB224EFC8298F9" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[747,890,1895,1921]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Eolaxoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD3DB224EFC8298F9" box="[747,890,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Eolaxoporus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C6541856FD2B4224EFC1498F9" box="[900,1004,1895,1921]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, in particular in view of the nearparallel dorsal and ventral lobes of the spine articulations. In the absence of SEM-supported re-examination of the
<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76541856FD1D52287FEED98B0" box="[229,277,1966,1992]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
material, however, assignment to
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66541856FD3BC2284FCE398BF" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[652,795,1965,1991]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Eolaxoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD3BC2284FCE398BF" box="[652,795,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Eolaxoporus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C6541856FD2112287FC7E98B0" box="[801,902,1966,1992]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
must be treated as questionable. On the basis of the drawings in
<bibRefCitation id="75405B846541856FD0BC22F8FD1A9893" author="Kristan-Tollmann E. &amp; Tollmann A. &amp; Hamedani A." box="[396,738,2001,2027]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="119 - 186" refId="ref124287" refString="Kristan-Tollmann E., Tollmann A. &amp; Hamedani A. 1979. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Trias von Persien. Mitteilungen der Osterreichischen Geologischen Gesellschaft 70: 119 - 186." type="journal article" year="1979">
Kristan-Tollmann
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD36922FBFD689893" box="[601,656,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
(1979)
</bibRefCitation>
, it cannot be decided whether the LAPs of
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD58F22F8FB239893" box="[1215,1243,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O.</emphasis>
?
<emphasis id="23A5FA676541856FD5DD22F8FA8D9893" box="[1261,1397,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">binitorulosa</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="116E26756540856ED18D2422FB8D9E17" blockId="21.[189,1399,267,368]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
display a sigmoidal fold or not; this means that that species cannot even be considered as an unquestionable ophiacanthid record.The LAPs figured by
<bibRefCitation id="75405B846540856ED3BD2406FBD29E31" author="Kristan-Tollmann E. &amp; Gramann F." box="[653,1066,303,329]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="463 - 474" refId="ref124199" refString="Kristan-Tollmann E. &amp; Gramann F. 1992. Paleontological evidence for the Triassic age of rocks dredged from the northern Exmouth Plateau (Tethyan foraminifers, echinoderms and ostracodes). In: Rad U. von, Haq B. U. et al. (eds) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results 122: 463 - 474. College Station, Texas. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2973 / odp. proc. sr. 122.186.1992" type="journal article" year="1992">Kristan-Tollmann &amp; Gramann (1992)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66540856ED57A2406FB259E31" authorityName="Muller &amp; Troschel" authorityYear="1842" box="[1098,1245,303,329]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Ophiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="23A5FA676540856ED57A2406FB259E31" box="[1098,1245,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ophiacantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<emphasis id="23A5FA676540856ED5DD2406FA8D9E31" box="[1261,1397,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">binitorulosa</emphasis>
from the Rhaetian of the Exmouth Plateau are too poorly preserved to be identifiable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>