189 lines
21 KiB
XML
189 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="398D9A6D96D68080B756D6BB89818943" ID-CLB-Dataset="22785" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.31.139" ID-GBIF-Dataset="475fd1bd-1153-4e40-b113-76765451dd6d" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576584" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1587957169992" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Howarth, Brigitte & Gillett, Michael" docDate="2009" docId="993D87EFFFCAFF95D6FFFD38FDC128C1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2118.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 31 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@134abd78" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Julodis candida Holynski 1996" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="123" masterDocId="6504FF97FFC8FF91D673FFE1FFD92C55" masterDocTitle="Increasing knowledge of the entomological fauna of the United Arab Emirates and the role of private collections" masterLastPageNumber="132" masterPageNumber="119" pageNumber="121" updateTime="1698836134179" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:title id="0C3DA73F8321AEE54C1D0FD2F8B5D30B">Increasing knowledge of the entomological fauna of the United Arab Emirates and the role of private collections</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8A2E2EB3474621AFDCA4AC98681BB7FC" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C2B65D0714C61C70D14E4594A1588FC5">Howarth, Brigitte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2694CC4B2ED5F4A456F2D015DA8E1025">Zayed University, Dubai ,, United Arab Emirates</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D3269C4C35727406807A485FB36332A0">Gillett, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="194AE22CA1C47CDCBA9A8BB5EFE72B36">Dominic Drive, Birmingham ,, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="6038C59A7A40352129E5290A7D83D6F4">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="06F7D16883576EF1F89B0DA919A777C8">
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<mods:date id="EAA64E158766607E0DD57DA05E97AC51">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="26F1CFB495E45C58A13C86FE6DE93ADE">2009-12-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2A92F7CC8038BD93D766BAC581C1DF9C">31</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E1B0A29BDD38447451D8E84D5562BE25" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.31.139</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D7664AAA5789C94DA665D8834BB84D66" type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="993D87EFFFCAFF95D6FFFD38FDC128C1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3790000" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163747732" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3790000" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:993D87EFFFCAFF95D6FFFD38FDC128C1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/993D87EFFFCAFF95D6FFFD38FDC128C1" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
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<subSubSection id="598E6572FFCAFF92D6FFFD38FD112FD4" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="112B36F9FFCAFF93D6FFFD38FCD52EA0" blockId="2.[140,780,729,757]" box="[140,780,729,757]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
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<heading id="4A638195FFCAFF93D6FFFD38FCD52EA0" box="[140,780,729,757]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCAFF93D6FFFD38FDDE2EA6" ID-CoL="3QSHC" authority="Holynski, 1996" authorityName="Holynski" authorityYear="1996" box="[140,519,729,756]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candida">
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCAFF93D6FFFD38FDDE2EA6" bold="true" box="[140,519,729,756]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCAFF93D6FFFD38FE9C2EA1" bold="true" box="[140,325,729,756]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">Julodis candida</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="75054B08FFCAFF93D73FFD38FDDE2EA6" author="Holynski RB" box="[332,519,729,756]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="135 - 144" refId="ref5573" refString="Holynski RB (1996) Five new species of Buprestidae (Coleoptera) from Africa, Arabia and Turkey. Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum - Entomology 6 - 7: 135 - 144." type="journal article" year="1996">Holyński, 1996</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Subfamily:
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCAFF93D4EBFD3BFCDC2EA0" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1857" box="[664,773,730,757]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Julodinae">Julodinae</taxonomicName>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="112B36F9FFCAFF92D6FFFCC1FD112FD4" blockId="2.[140,1108,800,862]" lastBlockId="3.[140,1108,167,1672]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCAFF93D77FFCC1FE8D2F6F" box="[268,340,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCAFF93D77FFCC1FE8D2F6F" box="[268,340,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">Julodis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is well known and contains two groups of large generally brightly coloured beetles that are distributed respectively in sub-Saharan Africa and in the Palaearctic region, including the Mediterranean Basin and eastwards into the Middle East, Arabia and Central Asia. Several species are known from Arabia including
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCBFF92D231FF2AFEA32D52" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCBFF92D231FF2AFF242D52" authorityName="Laporte & Gory" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euphratica">J. euphratica</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCBFF92D777FF0FFEA32D52" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[260,378,237,263]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caillaudi">J. caillaudi</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCBFF92D7C1FF0FFDF62D52" baseAuthorityName="Klug" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[434,559,237,263]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fimbriata">
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCBFF92D7C1FF0FFDF62D52" box="[434,559,237,263]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">J. fimbriata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that are found in the
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<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D550FF0CFC852D52" box="[803,860,237,263]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">UAE</collectingCountry>
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(Table 1). The species
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCBFF92D6FFFEF0FF222D7F" authorityName="Holynski" authorityYear="1996" box="[140,251,272,298]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candida">
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCBFF92D6FFFEF0FF222D7F" box="[140,251,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">J. candida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described in 1996 by Holyński from a specimen previously determined as
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCBFF92D6DAFED5FEF92D18" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[169,288,307,333]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caillaudi">
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCBFF92D6DAFED5FEF92D18" box="[169,288,307,333]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">J. caillaudi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the buprestid specialist S.
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<bibRefCitation id="75054B08FFCBFF92D402FED2FD2B2D1B" author="Bily S" box="[625,754,307,334]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" pagination="160 - 164" refId="ref5178" refString="Bily S (1985) Coleoptera: family Buprestidae of Saudi Arabia (Part 4). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 7: 160 - 164." type="journal article" year="1985">Bilý (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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and deposited in his collection (Svatopluk Bilý,
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<collectingRegion id="D350F81BFFCBFF92D734FEB6FE4E2D24" box="[327,407,343,369]" country="Czech Republic" name="Praha" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Prague</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D7D1FEB6FD832D27" box="[418,602,343,370]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
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). This specimen, the
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<typeStatus id="CE2F885BFFCBFF92D53BFEB6FC772D24" box="[840,942,343,369]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, had been collected by D. A. Pitcher in the Ain Dar area of the
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<collectingRegion id="D350F81BFFCBFF92D4B1FE9BFCA62DC1" box="[706,895,378,404]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Ash Sharqiyah" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Eastern Province</collectingRegion>
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of
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<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D5D7FE9BFBEC2DC1" box="[932,1077,378,404]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
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in 1975. Two
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<typeStatus id="CE2F885BFFCBFF92D77FFE7FFEAF2DED" box="[268,374,414,440]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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were also mentioned in the description, including another specimen collected by Pitcher in Jebel Kenzan,
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<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D41DFE21FD262D8F" box="[622,767,448,474]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
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in 1974 and an old specimen from 1936, labelled Arabia, Shibwa (both in the Roman B. Holyński Collection, Milanowek,
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<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D684FDE6FE922E77" box="[247,331,519,546]" name="Poland" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Poland</collectingCountry>
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). Until recently, these were believed to be the only specimens known, but it is quite possible that a further seven specimens also collected by Pitcher and identified as
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCBFF92D753FDAFFE432E32" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[288,410,589,615]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caillaudi">
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCBFF92D753FDAFFE432E32" box="[288,410,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">J. caillaudi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Bilý reside in the
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<collectingRegion id="D350F81BFFCBFF92D4E5FDACFCC32E32" box="[662,794,589,615]" country="United Kingdom" name="Manchester" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Manchester</collectingRegion>
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Museum (MM),
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<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D599FDAFFBCD2E3D" box="[1002,1044,590,616]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">UK</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="75054B08FFCBFF92D257FDACFF122EDE" author="Bily S" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" pagination="160 - 164" refId="ref5178" refString="Bily S (1985) Coleoptera: family Buprestidae of Saudi Arabia (Part 4). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 7: 160 - 164." type="journal article" year="1985">Bilý 1985</bibRefCitation>
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). However, in 2008, during a visit to the Natural History Museum (NHM), one of the authors (MG) found two further specimens whilst examining beetle specimens in the acquisitions part of the collection. They were found in a drawer that contained
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<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D6FFFD3BFF1C2EA1" box="[140,197,730,756]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">UAE</collectingCountry>
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material from the Ian Hamer collection. Hamer was a member of the ENHG who resided in
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<collectingRegion id="D350F81BFFCBFF92D749FD1CFE602F42" box="[314,441,765,791]" country="United Arab Emirates" name="Abu Zaby" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Abu Dhabi</collectingRegion>
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in the 1980’s and who collected principally Hymenoptera, but also other insects throughout the
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<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D43EFCC1FD532F6F" box="[589,650,800,826]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">UAE</collectingCountry>
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. Amongst the donated material were a number of specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCBFF92D7D6FCA2FE342F08" box="[421,493,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCBFF92D7D6FCA2FE342F08" box="[421,493,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Julodis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that were recognizable as
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCBFF92D564FCA5FC782F08" authorityName="Laporte & Gory" authorityYear="1835" box="[791,929,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euphratica">
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCBFF92D564FCA5FC782F08" box="[791,929,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">J. euphratica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but there were also two specimens that were clearly very different.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="598E6572FFCBFF95D6CAFC6BFDC128C1" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" type="description">
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<paragraph id="112B36F9FFCBFF92D6CAFC6BFEEA28B4" blockId="3.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
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Thinking that these might represent the species
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCBFF92D498FC6AFC252FF0" authority="(Castelnau)" baseAuthorityName="Castelnau" box="[747,1020,906,933]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="speculifer">
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCBFF92D498FC6AFCB52FF1" box="[747,876,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">J. speculifer</emphasis>
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(Castelnau)
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</taxonomicName>
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(a possible new
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<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D774FC4CFE982F92" box="[263,321,941,967]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">UAE</collectingCountry>
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record), digital images were sent to Maurizio Gigli in Rome for confirmation. He was very kindly able to determine that the photographs of both specimens depicted
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCBFF92D70CFC15FE262858" box="[383,511,1011,1037]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCBFF92D70CFC15FE222858" authorityName="Holynski" authorityYear="1996" box="[383,507,1011,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candida">J. candida</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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One of these specimens is shown in Fig.1. It is clearly in very good condition and like the
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<typeStatus id="CE2F885BFFCBFF92D4FDFBF6FD2C2864" box="[654,757,1047,1073]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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in the original description, it shows the dense creamy white pulverulence that seems to characterize this species. Based on this identification, MG was able to recall having seen two further specimens, albeit rather damaged ones, in the collection of the Environment Agency -
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<collectingRegion id="D350F81BFFCBFF92D6FFFB42FED628E8" box="[140,271,1187,1213]" country="United Arab Emirates" name="Abu Zaby" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Abu Dhabi</collectingRegion>
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and this was confirmed in the same year following a personal revisit to the collection.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="112B36F9FFCBFF92D6CAFB0BFD4A2AD2" blockId="3.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
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The original
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<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D73EFB0BFE5F2951" box="[333,390,1258,1284]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">UAE</collectingCountry>
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specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCBFF92D45FFB0AFD472951" authorityName="Holynski" authorityYear="1996" box="[556,670,1258,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candida">
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<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCBFF92D45FFB0AFD472951" box="[556,670,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">J. candida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were collected in
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<date id="652A1039FFCBFF92D502FB0BFBFD2951" box="[881,1060,1258,1284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" value="1982" valueMax="1984">1982 and 1984</date>
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not by Hamer himself, but by J. N. B. (Bish) Brown, the almost legendary father figure of
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<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D6FFFAD1FF1C291F" box="[140,197,1328,1354]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">UAE</collectingCountry>
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natural history. The captures were made in the Sweihan area of the eastern region of
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<collectingRegion id="D350F81BFFCBFF92D6D9FAB2FE562938" box="[170,399,1363,1389]" country="United Arab Emirates" name="Abu Zaby" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Abu Dhabi Emirate</collectingRegion>
|
||
. From Hamer’s private collection, these specimens found their way to the NHM a few years previously. Their subsequent discovery clearly shows the value of such collections, in this case not just by providing a new country record, in this case for the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D73CFA5CFE522982" box="[335,395,1469,1495]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">UAE</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but also by providing additional new information on a very poorly known, indeed rare Arabian insect. Nevertheless, there is still much to learn about this species, including details about its host plants, seasonality and exact distributional range within the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCBFF92D7A4F9C6FDCD2A14" box="[471,532,1575,1601]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">UAE</collectingCountry>
|
||
. A concentrated effort by MG and Brien Holmes to find this species in the Sweihan - Al Ain area in the Eastern Region of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D350F81BFFCBFF92D5A7F9ABFF392AD2" country="United Arab Emirates" name="Abu Zaby" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Abu Dhabi emirate</collectingRegion>
|
||
during
|
||
<date id="652A1039FFCBFF92D748F98CFE022AD2" box="[315,475,1645,1671]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" value="2008-10">October 2008</date>
|
||
failed to find it.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="112B36F9FFCCFF95D6FFFBDFFDC128C1" blockId="4.[140,1112,1086,1172]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCCFF95D6FFFBDFFF282801" bold="true" box="[140,241,1086,1108]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">Figure |.</emphasis>
|
||
The jewel beetle
|
||
<emphasis id="23E0EAEBFFCCFF95D7E9FBDFFDF22806" box="[410,555,1086,1107]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6944D7AFFCCFF95D7E9FBDFFDFE2806" authorityName="Holynski" authorityYear="1996" box="[410,551,1086,1107]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Julodis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candida">Julodis candida</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A specimen originally collected by J. N. B. Brown in the Sweihan area,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69837669FFCCFF95D77EFBBEFEE72821" box="[269,318,1119,1140]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">UAE</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and acquired by the NHM, London as part of the Ian Hamer Collection (photograph Harry Taylor (NHM Photographic Unit)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |