225 lines
24 KiB
XML
225 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="96BF8A575D98EC5AE2EBADF962408121" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2013.791934" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5198735" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628886702708" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Torreias, S. R. S., Ferreira-Keppler, R. L. & Ronderos, M. M." docDate="2013" docId="98518792A8616D4CFE3CFE24FD9A1074" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.48.1-2.109-122.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 48 (1 - 2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.791934" docStyle="DocumentStyle:210803DF447D5DCB84349979EDD3507F.6:JNatHist.2013-2015.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="210803DF447D5DCB84349979EDD3507F" docStyleName="JNatHist.2013-2015.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Stilobezzia (Stilobezzia) rabelloi Lane 1947" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="120" masterDocId="6468FFEAA86D6D41FFDDFF87FFE7126A" masterDocTitle="Biting midges (Ceratopogonidae: Diptera) present in aquatic macrophytes from wetlands of Marchantaria Island, Iranduba, Central Amazonia, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="122" masterPageNumber="109" pageNumber="119" updateTime="1699055090659" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="156E387C907F9C6948D5DEF09805292B">Biting midges (Ceratopogonidae: Diptera) present in aquatic macrophytes from wetlands of Marchantaria Island, Iranduba, Central Amazonia, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2B48A7AB5CF2FDD3DB75991970B5D861" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4369095525CCCA92FE1357F6D58B60C0">Torreias, S. R. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="63F8142B3D46FE747DD1731BDB53B4D2">Laboratório de Citotaxonomia e Insetos Aquáticos, Coordenação de Biodiversidade - CBio, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Manaus-Amazonas, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D61FF8F690B7A7861E06AAB08A8810FC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="59273BC3046A1BA2BCAD393E98BD502A">Ferreira-Keppler, R. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E431CDAD20D453CDE9C70241EDE0505D">Laboratório de Citotaxonomia e Insetos Aquáticos, Coordenação de Biodiversidade - CBio, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Manaus-Amazonas, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F658548591F661FFFFBB655A197D6AB9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F4E597C867CA308015677BB564D09E19">Ronderos, M. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B07C8338AE1178FEC2E5A96EEEAAE54E">División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, CCT-CONICET-CEPAVE, Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BE9E601604E24D6C2C92532D4380D3E1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7FA5540DCDDC5858A314A40233909D44">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="ACEB7A90D37CDA16C6E1BB14B76F4E56">
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<mods:date id="176DFC91849A0DFA6A9F12970394B770">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="73D11AF5165216CA8C77862CDD372DA1">2013-06-25</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="90146D49C99E2620DFA7C8BE0934886D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="40D09E4A8AE043F5690E110FF955F23E">48</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="39D69F54292ED605131E40E1A15BA321">1 - 2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="64CB88107DA0EF8185B03E6EB637FF73">109</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="8D47C1FA2A54306098562FC57EDCEB53" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2013.791934</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6A4C9A92BCF6F5BD1CD98A7767E044E1" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="98518792A8616D4CFE3CFE24FD9A1074" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5198646" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5198646" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:98518792A8616D4CFE3CFE24FD9A1074" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/98518792A8616D4CFE3CFE24FD9A1074" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
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<subSubSection id="58E2650FA8616D4DFE3CFE24FC6213D1" box="[481,901,419,444]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="10473684A8616D4DFE3CFE24FC6213D1" blockId="12.[481,901,419,444]" box="[481,901,419,444]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
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<heading id="4B0F81E8A8616D4DFE3CFE24FC6213D1" box="[481,901,419,444]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="D7F84D07A8616D4DFE3CFE24FC6213D1" ID-CoL="8F65X" authority="Lane" authorityName="Lane" authorityYear="1947" box="[481,901,419,444]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Stilobezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rabelloi" subGenus="Stilobezzia">
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<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFE3CFE24FDBD13D6" bold="true" box="[481,602,419,444]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Stilobezzia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFDB7FE24FD0413D6" bold="true" box="[618,739,419,444]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Stilobezzia</emphasis>
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)
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||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFD2FFE24FCA213D6" bold="true" box="[754,837,419,444]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">rabelloi</emphasis>
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Lane
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="58E2650FA8616D4DFF0EFE64FE881011" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="10473684A8616D4DFF0EFE64FE881011" blockId="12.[211,1171,483,635]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="30E811AAA8616D4DFF0EFE64FE881011" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
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<treatmentCitation id="91591095A8616D4DFF0EFE64FD1B1391" author="Lane J" box="[211,764,483,507]" page="203" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" year="1947">
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<taxonomicName id="D7F84D07A8616D4DFF0EFE64FD1B1391" ID-CoL="8F65X" authority="Lane, 1947: 203" authorityName="Lane" authorityPageNumber="203" authorityYear="1947" box="[211,764,483,507]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Stilobezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rabelloi" subGenus="Stilobezzia">
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||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFF0EFE64FEAB1391" box="[211,332,483,507]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Stilobezzia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFE83FE64FE301391" box="[350,471,483,507]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Stilobezzia</emphasis>
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||
)
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||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFE37FE64FDDA1391" box="[490,573,483,507]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">rabelloi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="74694B75A8616D4DFD9BFE63FD1B1391" author="Lane J" box="[582,764,483,507]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" pagination="197 - 214" refId="ref5467" refString="Lane J. 1947. Especies Brasileiras de Stilobezzia (Dipt. Ceratopogonidae) Zygoneura stonei nov. nom. (Dip. Mycetophilidae). Rev Entomol. 18: 197 - 214." type="journal article" year="1947">Lane, 1947: 203</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(male and female;
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||
<collectingCountry id="68EF7614A8616D4DFC01FE64FBC41391" box="[988,1059,483,507]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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),
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||
<treatmentCitation id="91591095A8616D4DFBE5FE64FE0A1071" author="Borkent A & Craig DA" page="655" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" year="2001">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="74694B75A8616D4DFBE5FE64FE0A1071" author="Borkent A & Craig DA" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" pagination="655 - 665" refId="ref4672" refString="Borkent A, Craig DA. 2001. Submerged Stilobezzia rabelloi Lane (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) pupae obtain oxygen from the aquatic fern Salvinia minima Baker. Proc Entomol Soc Wash. 103; 3: 655 - 665." type="journal article" year="2001">Borkent and Craig, 2001: 655</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(redescription, pupa);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="91591095A8616D4DFD22FD84FB8E1071" author="Borkent A & Spinelli GR" box="[767,1129,515,539]" page="87" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" year="2007">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="74694B75A8616D4DFD22FD84FB8E1071" author="Borkent A & Spinelli GR" box="[767,1129,515,539]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" refId="ref4783" refString="Borkent A, Spinelli GR. 2007. Neotropical Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Insecta). In: Adis J, Arias JR, Rueda-Delgado G, & Wantzen KM, editors. Aquatic biodiversity in Latin America. Sofia-Moscow: Pensoft; 198 p." type="book" year="2007">Borkent and Spinelli, 2007: 87</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(in Neotropical catalogue);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="91591095A8616D4DFDD9FDA4FCBA1051" author="Borkent A & Grogan WL" box="[516,861,547,571]" page="22" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" year="2009">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="74694B75A8616D4DFDD9FDA4FCBA1051" author="Borkent A & Grogan WL" box="[516,861,547,571]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref4713" refString="Borkent A, Grogan WL. 2009. Catalog of the New World biting midges north of Mexico (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa. 2273: 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="2009">Borkent and Grogan, 2009: 22</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(in Nearctic catalogue, distribution);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="91591095A8616D4DFEAEFDC4FD621031" author="Grogan WL & Lawrence JH & Steven CM & Cilek JE" box="[371,645,579,603]" page="41" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74694B75A8616D4DFEAEFDC4FD621031" author="Grogan WL & Lawrence JH & Steven CM & Cilek JE" box="[371,645,579,603]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref5127" refString="Grogan WL, Lawrence JH, Steven CM, Cilek JE. 2010. New records of biting and predaceous midges from Florida, including species new to the fauna of the United States (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Insecta Mundi. 147: 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="2010">Grogan et al., 2010: 41</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(Florida record);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="91591095A8616D4DFC81FDC4FBDE1031" author="Borkent A" box="[860,1081,579,603]" page="138" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" year="2012">
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<bibRefCitation id="74694B75A8616D4DFC81FDC4FBDE1031" author="Borkent A" box="[860,1081,579,603]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" pagination="26" refId="ref4627" refString="Borkent A. 2012. World species of Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae); [cited 2012 Sep 26]. Available from: http: // www. inhs. illinois. edu / research / FLYTREE / Ceratopogonidae Catalog. pdf" type="journal article" year="2012">Borkent, 2012: 138</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(online catalogue).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="58E2650FA8616D4DFF0EFD30FEDE117D" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" type="distribution">
|
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<paragraph id="10473684A8616D4DFF0EFD30FEBF10A5" blockId="12.[211,1172,695,791]" box="[211,344,695,719]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
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<heading id="4B0F81E8A8616D4DFF0EFD30FEBF10A5" box="[211,344,695,719]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFF0EFD30FEBF10A5" box="[211,344,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Distribution</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="10473684A8616D4DFF0EFD58FEDE117D" blockId="12.[211,1172,695,791]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A0903CD9A8616D4DFF0EFD58FCE6109D" box="[211,769,735,759]" country="Argentina" location="Mato Grosso" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">
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<collectingCountry id="68EF7614A8616D4DFF0EFD58FEAF109D" box="[211,328,735,759]" name="Argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="68EF7614A8616D4DFE89FD58FE70109D" box="[340,407,735,759]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D23CF866A8616D4DFE7AFD58FDA5109D" box="[423,578,735,759]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="D23CF866A8616D4DFD93FD58FD1F109D" box="[590,760,735,759]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
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||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A0903CD9A8616D4DFCD0FD58FED2117D" country="United States of America" location="Maryland" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maryland">
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||
<collectingCountry id="68EF7614A8616D4DFCD0FD58FCA1109D" box="[781,838,735,759]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D23CF866A8616D4DFC8BFD58FC2F109D" box="[854,968,735,759]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D23CF866A8616D4DFC2DFD58FB86109D" box="[1008,1121,735,759]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D23CF866A8616D4DFF0EFD78FECB117D" box="[211,300,767,791]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="58E2650FA8616D4DFF0EFCD3FB9711D9" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="10473684A8616D4DFF0EFCD3FE421106" blockId="12.[211,1171,852,947]" box="[211,421,852,876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<heading id="4B0F81E8A8616D4DFF0EFCD3FE421106" box="[211,421,852,876]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFF0EFCD3FE421106" box="[211,421,852,876]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="10473684A8616D4DFF0EFCFCFB9711D9" blockId="12.[211,1171,852,947]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A0903CD9A8616D4DFF0EFCFCFB8B11D9" collectingDate="2011-04-04" collectorName="Torreias" country="Brazil" county="Lago Grande" location="Amazonas" municipality="Ilha da Marchantaria" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="68EF7614A8616D4DFF0EFCFCFEFE11F9" box="[211,281,891,915]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="1527605FA8616D4DFEFEFCFCFE7A11F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:98518792A8616D4CFE3CFE24FD9A1074:1527605FA8616D4DFEFEFCFCFE7A11F9" box="[291,413,891,915]" country="Brazil" county="Lago Grande" municipality="Ilha da Marchantaria" name="Amazonas" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Amazonas</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="1527605FA8616D4DFE7BFCFCFDF511F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:98518792A8616D4CFE3CFE24FD9A1074:1527605FA8616D4DFE7BFCFCFDF511F9" box="[422,530,891,915]" country="Brazil" county="Lago Grande" municipality="Ilha da Marchantaria" name="Iranduba" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Iranduba</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="F023ACFEA8616D4DFDC1FCFCFCF711F9" box="[540,784,891,915]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Ilha da Marchantaria</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="F9264E08A8616D4DFCC4FCFBFC5711F9" box="[793,944,891,916]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Lago Grande</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7F84D07A8616D4DFC67FCFBFBDE11F9" box="[954,1081,892,915]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pontederiaceae" genus="Eichhornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFC67FCFBFBDE11F9" box="[954,1081,892,915]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">E. crassipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="64461044A8616D4DFB98FCFCFEEC11D9" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" value="2011-04-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="7402E9ACA8616D4DFB98FCFCFEEC11D9" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" value="2011-04-04">4 April 2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="BD0D5352A8616D4DFECBFC1CFE9511D9" box="[278,370,923,947]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Torreias</collectorName>
|
||
col.,
|
||
<specimenCount id="06FEFD0DA8616D4DFE6DFC1CFE1E11D9" box="[432,505,923,947]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="06FEFD0DA8616D4DFDECFC1CFD6811D9" box="[561,655,923,947]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(reared in laboratory, with pupal exuviae)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="58E2650FA8616D4CFF0EFC77FD9A1074" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="10473684A8616D4DFF0EFC77FEAF1662" blockId="12.[211,1172,1008,1199]" box="[211,328,1008,1032]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<heading id="4B0F81E8A8616D4DFF0EFC77FEAF1662" box="[211,328,1008,1032]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFF0EFC77FEAF1662" box="[211,328,1008,1032]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="10473684A8616D4DFF0EFB90FBA416C5" blockId="12.[211,1172,1008,1199]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
|
||
This species is widely distributed through the Americas. Immatures were collected from between the leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7F84D07A8616D4DFE11FBBFFDA91625" box="[460,590,1080,1103]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pontederiaceae" genus="Eichhornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFE11FBBFFDA91625" box="[460,590,1080,1103]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">E. crassipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7F84D07A8616D4DFD83FBBFFCD4163A" authorityName="Lane" authorityYear="1947" box="[606,819,1080,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Stilobezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rabelloi">
|
||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFD83FBBFFCD4163A" box="[606,819,1080,1104]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Stilobezzia rabelloi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
present body bristles and with elongated processes on their upper side, which help with balance and the insertion of spiky breathing organs into the macrophytes aerenchyma to obtain oxygen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74694B75A8616D4DFBEAFBF0FE9816C5" author="Borkent A & Craig DA" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" pagination="655 - 665" refId="ref4672" refString="Borkent A, Craig DA. 2001. Submerged Stilobezzia rabelloi Lane (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) pupae obtain oxygen from the aquatic fern Salvinia minima Baker. Proc Entomol Soc Wash. 103; 3: 655 - 665." type="journal article" year="2001">Borkent and Craig 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is a new record of this species from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D23CF866A8616D4DFC5BFB10FBD816C5" box="[902,1087,1175,1199]" country="Peru" name="Amazonas" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Amazonas State</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="10473684A8616D4DFF23FB5FFEF317C4" blockId="12.[211,1172,1239,1677]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
|
||
For ecological records, the collected genera were sampled in floating vegetation in lentic waters. The pH, temperature and conductivity were respectively: 9.76, 29.8
|
||
<superScript id="E78D9BCCA8616D4DFBABFB74FB98176E" attach="right" box="[1142,1151,1267,1284]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">◦</superScript>
|
||
C and 243.8 µS
|
||
<emphasis id="228CEA96A8616D4DFEADFA90FE9B1745" bold="true" box="[368,380,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">/</emphasis>
|
||
cm. In this system the immatures were probably feeding on organic debris accumulated in the roots of aquatic plants. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74694B75A8616D4DFC43FAB1FB741724" author="Conserva AS & Carvalho MP & Costa CR & Azevedo VA" box="[926,1171,1334,1358]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" pagination="65 - 76" refId="ref4979" refString="Conserva AS, Carvalho MP, Costa CR, Azevedo VA. 2008. Conservacao da Varzea: Identificacao e Caracterizacao de Regioes Biogeograficas. Amazonas (Manaus): Ibama / ProVarzea. Capitulo 3, Macrofitas Aquaticas; p. 65 - 76." type="book chapter" year="2008">Conserva et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
aquatic macrophytes are considered good indicators of biological diversity in permanent or temporary wetland, so composing the landscape diversity in floodplain areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="10473684A8616D4DFF23FA31FD4014E7" blockId="12.[211,1172,1239,1677]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
|
||
This system is characterized as raising aquatic productivity, which enhances the development of aquatic entomofauna; in other words, the higher the diversity of aquatic macrophytes, the bigger the number of available habitats – considerably raising the richness and abundance of insects and other macroinvertebrates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74694B75A8616D4DFB86F992FEEF1427" author="Junk WJ" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" pagination="9 - 102" refId="ref5266" refString="Junk WJ. 1973. Investigations on the ecology and production-biology of the " floating meadows " (Paspalo- Eichnochloetum) on the middle Amazon. II. The Aquatic fauna in the root-zone of flooting vegetation. Amazoniana. 4: 9 - 102." type="journal article" year="1973">Junk 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74694B75A8616D4DFEC7F9B2FDED1427" author="Conserva AS & Carvalho MP & Costa CR & Azevedo VA" box="[282,522,1589,1613]" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" pagination="65 - 76" refId="ref4979" refString="Conserva AS, Carvalho MP, Costa CR, Azevedo VA. 2008. Conservacao da Varzea: Identificacao e Caracterizacao de Regioes Biogeograficas. Amazonas (Manaus): Ibama / ProVarzea. Capitulo 3, Macrofitas Aquaticas; p. 65 - 76." type="book chapter" year="2008">Conserva et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is mainly immature
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7F84D07A8616D4DFCF3F9B2FC161427" box="[814,1009,1589,1613]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ceratopogonidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
that occur in multiple trophic webs, and form an important part of aquatic ecosystems, in terms of abundance and composition of species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="10473684A8606D4CFF67FF2FFCF91355" blockId="13.[143,1104,167,542]" pageId="13" pageNumber="120">
|
||
Even though there is a lack of information regarding the proper identification of some taxa, the information gathered on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7F84D07A8606D4CFD97FF40FCE812B5" box="[586,783,199,223]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ceratopogonidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a better taxonomic resolution (e.g. genera or morphotypes), is important to the recognition of new potential habitats that contribute to ontogenetic development, making it possible to carry out bionomic, ecological and taxonomic studies in these areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="10473684A8606D4CFF67FEC0FD9A1074" blockId="13.[143,1104,167,542]" pageId="13" pageNumber="120">Although knowledge associating immature forms with the adult stages was lacking, the present study provides evidence that aquatic macrophytes are important breeding places that maintain and give balance to ceratofaunal biodiversity in wetland lakes. Also, they can be regarded as separate units, because the appearance of lakes and macrophytes is directly connected to the periodic flooding of rivers in the region, causing the occurrence of certain organisms to be ephemeral, and consequently creating possible sites of endemicity and specificities.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |