552 lines
63 KiB
XML
552 lines
63 KiB
XML
<document id="B8FA6FE89F5E9B50A61D1BB930E41AA6" ID-CLB-Dataset="34017" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.659.10717" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4c002c6d-4645-4928-8a0e-858297130aea" ID-PMC="PMC5345366" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-659-1" ID-PubMed="28331414" ID-ZooBank="79A6393D802141B8BF1A2A3723AFECFB" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-659-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 659" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of Avicularia Lamarck, 1818 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae) with description of three new aviculariine genera01" checkinTime="1488530971931" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fukushima, Caroline Sayuri & Bertani, Rogerio" docDate="2017" docId="9769F24F9A66FFCE6D98F7AC4584BAFA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 659: 1-185" docOrigin="ZooKeys 659" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.659.10717" docTitle="Avicularia variegata F. O. Pickard-Cambridge 1896, stat. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="FFA6FFBF3818FF9EFFA3775FFFB3FFB3" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of Avicularia Lamarck, 1818 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae) with description of three new aviculariine genera 01" masterLastPageNumber="185" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1701375458449" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="942A52A8B70EC5803CAE758E0CBC094C">Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of Avicularia Lamarck, 1818 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae) with description of three new aviculariine genera 01</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9EA683AAF596C1C4E76CBE7048BC05D1">Fukushima, Caroline Sayuri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8214C15833F0251FC36C47B086ECC9A7">Bertani, Rogerio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="9592E6002856A06F4B7E8A601C1D5C48">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="9769F24F9A66FFCE6D98F7AC4584BAFA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127891203" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9769F24F9A66FFCE6D98F7AC4584BAFA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9769F24F9A66FFCE6D98F7AC4584BAFA" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<subSubSection id="0AD6D74CB91AA32B9300B1197BB6C713" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="94AB3A954C3B0C56644C8D15F4674489" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName id="5BA09CF734DAB16F2EB7F82F03B3844C" ID-CoL="5VYX7" authority="F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896" authorityName="F. O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1896" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="45D0C1E1564F8307A7597CD27E1FC306" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">stat. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 16, 19, 54-57, 58-65, 66-73, 74-75, 76, 77, 315, 317
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C76B3E5B12BEC8894B765435D08123C2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="FCF88FB7120F6AE0BD4A4A10F13AD56C" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName id="3B7173D03BE79C8EF124926885854ADA" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia avicularia" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="avicularia" subSpecies="variegata">Avicularia avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
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F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896: 743, pl. 33, fig. 12 (lectotype female, here designated, Brazil, Amazonas, Itacoatiara [
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<geoCoordinate id="7DFA1302924A4E9F45D549A06EECDF13" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.1166666">3°07'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="D098E8A28D7786B146CD6A3A4E691B02" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-58.433334">58°26'W</geoCoordinate>
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], Lower Amazon, January 1896, BMNH 1896.12.13.16; and paralectotype female, here designated, Brazil, Amazonas, Itacoatiara [
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<geoCoordinate id="E93260EA5E157D6F1119FC88995630E2" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.1166666">3°07'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="02A030BCECC384E32B1DFC99DBCDEE08" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-58.433334">58°26'W</geoCoordinate>
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], in banana tree, 7 February 1896, BMNH 1896.12.13.17; examined);
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<bibRefCitation id="13E948D4A3A5F2D9BC974D9C6BB11074" author="Strand, E" journalOrPublisher="Stuttgart" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="1 - 100" title="Aviculariidae und Atypidae des Kgl. Naturalienkabinetts in Stuttgart. Jahreshefte des Vereins fur vaterlandische Naturkunde in Wurttemberg." volume="63" year="1907 b">Strand 1907b</bibRefCitation>
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: 90;
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<bibRefCitation id="E5C6C013E6C4FAF104DDAF4F24C7E8DF" author="Petrunkevitch, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of American Museum Natural History" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 791" title="A synonymic index-catalogue of spiders of North, Central and South America with all adjacent islands, Greenland, Bermuda, West Indies, Terra del Fuego, Galapagos, etc." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.23819" volume="29" year="1911">Petrunkevitch 1911</bibRefCitation>
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: 49;
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<bibRefCitation id="54E9871C3B87A99D07901EC84918320B" author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher="Revista do Museu Paulista" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 438" title="Theraphosoideas do Brasil." volume="13" year="1923">
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<normalizedToken id="76033DE60B5FAF3402F7F38A845887B8" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
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1923
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 326, 376;
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<bibRefCitation id="15F40ADA84917BFC7361E4E82A103BA2" author="Roewer, CF" journalOrPublisher="Bremen" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 1040" title="Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940." volume="1" year="1942">Roewer 1942</bibRefCitation>
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: 254;
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<bibRefCitation id="0BD6BEE4FB3E548668BD818641BBE5BC" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Monografias Instituto Butantan" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 203" title="Estudos sobre a biologia e a sistematica do genero Grammostola Simon, 1892." volume="1" year="1957">
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<normalizedToken id="CA57AC7C5C5134094E3F2EB94807B6F5" originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
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1957
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 404;
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<bibRefCitation id="0E6087B2BD333B63A4EE62FDAAFBF1A9" author="Wheeler, QD" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Museum, Bern" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" title="World Spider Catalog" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2016">World Spider Catalog 2016</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C82657B521781BE0E8F5C90C4DBD5058" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName id="049C804CBE0D100D152D7429C8381F65" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia bicegoi" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicegoi">Avicularia bicegoi</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="289AE6D533189DBB6374D2C320B4D128" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
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, 1923: 329, figs 187, 189 (holotype subadult female, Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus [
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<geoCoordinate id="9E39E533D97F999CA4B14F5460D348D9" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.1">03°06'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="F7AA06B7C6C30628D3FFEB601496552F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.016666">60°01'W</geoCoordinate>
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], Bicego col., MZUSP 133, examined);
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<bibRefCitation id="5A8964E954977975FC7196CFE9CD0C49" author="Roewer, CF" journalOrPublisher="Bremen" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 1040" title="Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940." volume="1" year="1942">Roewer 1942</bibRefCitation>
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: 254;
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<bibRefCitation id="AF5809167BDFD0036956952A7C2FBDC4" author="Bonnet, P" journalOrPublisher="Douladoure, Tolouse" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="919 - 1926" title="Bibliographie araneorum. Analyse methodique de toute la litterature araneologique jusqu'en 1939" year="1955">Bonnet 1955</bibRefCitation>
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: 830;
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<bibRefCitation id="729A752080886874330FD845F8784761" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Monografias Instituto Butantan" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 203" title="Estudos sobre a biologia e a sistematica do genero Grammostola Simon, 1892." volume="1" year="1957">
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<normalizedToken id="5E1C975DF5863F4BBCF18FF973CDBD0A" originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
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1957
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 404, figs 92-92a;
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<bibRefCitation id="39CBC74EDB82FF0B2D8A74CA62ADACD9" author="Wheeler, QD" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Museum, Bern" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" title="World Spider Catalog" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2016">World Spider Catalog 2016</bibRefCitation>
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. Syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="2DDB48C0FC1650BECCB7308E0B830E13" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="30B4FE72B71D23192009EE64F3C724FA" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AD05B81A40C9443BFCC6F05606BB1BEB" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName id="2949DDF359E5D40690135138F4832DD9" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia bicegoi" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicegoi">Avicularia bicegoi</taxonomicName>
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holotype has spermatheca midwidth expanded, about 1.5 times its basal and apical portion widths (Fig. 57); leg IV as long as leg I; whitish leg rings on distal femora, tibiae and metatarsi, and the type locality is Manaus, Amazonas. These characteristics match
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<taxonomicName id="AF4500F8240CC88A13705A52382B9F78" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
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stat. n.; thus, we consider
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<taxonomicName id="6A3666653655D6333F5874D04524B37D" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia bicegoi" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicegoi">Avicularia bicegoi</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="153A6793BCD5384742A73E148C187704" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
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, 1923 junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="B75E6FBF16D246D99FDEBE6C0242BF09" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
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(F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) stat. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AFA249664BF36C80A2C04A648A63FC45" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="A7E8B39056EE0982ADCBC0B85700572C" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="229F1660576C5536DBE6662EFFA5A346" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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Females of
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<taxonomicName id="B5EA40BB6E8B0017EBB89EFDBCB66FD7" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
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stat. n. resemble
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<taxonomicName id="5E2EDD99FAB0B3B9F1E69AC904676E5A" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia juruensis" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juruensis">Avicularia juruensis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="C01B89FF228473775963ECAEFAAA9CDC" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia taunayi" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taunayi">Avicularia taunayi</taxonomicName>
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by the spermatheca midwidth expanded, about 1.5 times its basal and apical portion widths (Figs 54-57). They differ from females of
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<taxonomicName id="886ED31125E00FA0BBFC89BBC62B875F" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia taunayi" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taunayi">Avicularia taunayi</taxonomicName>
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by lacking lobes on spermathecae. Females can be distinguished from those of
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<taxonomicName id="5BDE8E4FF1E64B96D407CBB15AEA285D" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia juruensis" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juruensis">Avicularia juruensis</taxonomicName>
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by the abdomen with vivid reddish brown guard-setae with pink sheen grouped on lateral and dorsal anterior areas, contrasting with the black short body setae and black venter (morphotype 1) (Fig. 70) or by legs and carapace with golden short body setae with green sheen, and pale yellow rings on distal femora, tibiae and metatarsi (morphotype 2) (Fig. 74). Males of
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<taxonomicName id="5EBF6E170B728C193C642363FD6EFC54" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
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stat. n. resemble those of
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<taxonomicName id="F436D0680772A02638A389C9AC667C51" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia avicularia" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avicularia">Avicularia avicularia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="081ED2EC14235F4C38431AE053AA1A82" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia rufa" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">Avicularia rufa</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="768EF7435630188F0825854EEBA21BC9" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia juruensis" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juruensis">Avicularia juruensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="63FDE2941CB50CCAE51639C6E80EE95B" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia taunayi" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taunayi">Avicularia taunayi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="9914035F2F2A6F97E28385359932B555" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia purpurea" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurea">Avicularia purpurea</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="35192899B828A9B9584D00AD626E8D64" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia merianae" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merianae">Avicularia merianae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. by having tibial apophysis on leg I with well-developed base and grouped spiniform setae distally (Fig. 63). They differ from males of all these species except
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<taxonomicName id="4A0A55039021D80A4AC80217E92B3668" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia juruensis" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juruensis">Avicularia juruensis</taxonomicName>
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by the well-developed prominence on tegulum (Fig. 60). Males and females of
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<taxonomicName id="355059D1EAECC1F2FFDAF8AE9F3D6C1B" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
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stat. n. can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8200388AB43C25C3436E0344B9C5FC1" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia juruensis" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juruensis">Avicularia juruensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lacking intense purple sheen on carapace and legs (Figs 70, 71, 74, 75) or by occurrence area: Brazil, state of Amazonas (especially Manaus region) to state of Roraima, and Venezuela (Fig. 76).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9278E428DF195E30A3CD35F1748490D8" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<paragraph id="7C1407C79F8356B2CF4C11D5C0606754" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Figures 54-57.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB3695FEDF5A4B19456792F8047EE1E1" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) stat. n., spermathecae variation. 54 morphotype 1, Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil (INPA 4894) 55 holotype, Itacoatiara, state of Amazonas, Brazil (BMNH 1896.12.13.16) 56 morphotype 2, Alto Alegre, state of Roraima, Brazil (MZUSP 70946) 57 holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A6776CC46B30CC9DE54E85DE46866EA9" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia bicegoi" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicegoi">Avicularia bicegoi</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7E92BE593E788459D053BEFA18E6A453" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1923, Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil (MZUSP 133). Scale bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BECD7730D8A6E810CB686901EDD420B" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="E989AA859C1B5BAB55FDDE8AD5BFD016" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B6D8C82FE02BC0060585F9447600115B" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
1 female, Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="691A6FFDD51614AF47214E71A39F676D" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.1">03°06'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="588F99E278349FB4A38B1FFA201B572B" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.016666">60°01'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], Parquejo, R. Oliveira-Filho col., 27 May 2008 (INPA 4894); 1 male, Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8792DD2E0EA692FA6C37223FB6181292" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.1">03°06'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DE22EB3FE4ECAD89E78FD2D437D0F353" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.016666">60°01'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7B3856E63B0E6F5F7E08AB9D22648AEC" originalValue="Praça">Praca</normalizedToken>
|
||
14, M. P. Sena col., 27 March 1980 (INPA 4897).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="427DE81BF1CCA8D631D0EC2601B7BAE8" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<paragraph id="F62CA8E79DA21044183DD9FA55AB87DC" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Figures 58-65.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B55EE473BFB160B9998D99C4B391FE9A" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) stat. n., male (INPA 4897). 58-61 left palpal bulb 58 prolateral 59 retrolateral 60 frontal 61 dorsal 62 left cymbium, dorsal 63-65 left tibial apophysis of leg I 63 prolateral 64 ventral 65 retrolateral. Scale bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="26F7645F22391046AF998D6D67472F96" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8DC92B41C37130F7F23718A918878B6E" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Additional material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5E29E317DCC4F948BEF984D7A47A7AF3" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
VENEZUELA: 1 juvenile female, D. Grimaldi col., March 1989 (AMNH Ve21); Distrito Capital: Caracas [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="09E0FE8F8D2815DC9E235B748AF18642" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.483334">10°29'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A858426B44791312B1FB4443FF2B6A1" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-66.9">66°54'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], Avila Mountains, 1 juvenile female and 1 immature, on trees, C. Siederman col., August 1991, (AMNH Ve18); Monagas: Caripito [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="049A3EEEDDB86EFE5786187CDC628DFB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.1">10°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F37525E6AE9D7987B92D2E67A140F9B7" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-63.1">63°06'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 1 male, 15-31 March 1942, Venezuela Expedition, Dept. Tropical Research, N. Y. Zool. Society, W. Beebe col., high and low jungle trails (AMNH Ve31); Amazonas: Puerto Ayacucho [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="137A7E43B1877C9A4E8383DCD6594741" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="5.65">5°39'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1DA0F269BBB13373D0144003E3A747DF" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-67.63333">67°38'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], reg. 22, 2 males, in trees, C. Siederman col., May 1993 (AMNH Ve29); BRAZIL: Roraima: Alto Alegre [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AD36A6D35CC7AEBBB0D52B95C1B24D24" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="2.8833332">2°53'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="68F68DD4022583B20631706C89F96F0D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.483334">61°29'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 1 female, C. M. Moraes ded., April 2013, (MZUSP 70946); Amajari, Vila
|
||
<normalizedToken id="694C95BA92582304E25E02BA19FA5038" originalValue="Tepequém">Tepequem</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C84E7B4BB6A6557DD0DDB1863060CCBD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="3.7983334">03°47'54"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0DFAB929A7EB89935F6F5C63AE9CB8E2" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-61.74917">61°44'57"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 male, 17 November 2008, Yamaguti & Pinto da Rocha col. (MZUSP 70945); Boa Vista [2°49'N, 60°40'W],
|
||
<normalizedToken id="693DFC45B006B49D51D4C0B677D3902F" originalValue="Balneário">Balneario</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="37F4FCF057782781B23CE1AEEAF9C098" originalValue="Água">Agua</normalizedToken>
|
||
Boa, 1 male, 6h00, S. M. B. Lima col., 02 January 2002 (MNRJ 12968);
|
||
<normalizedToken id="234EBDDC919B3E2CDE26FC240563B778" originalValue="Caracaraí">Caracarai</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DAA4440738DF3129079B692ECBBDEA27" originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DFFAC5D242D9853D48D5975454AFB6E8" originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E674F677077404BA06AC0ED012309231" originalValue="Niquiá">Niquia</normalizedToken>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EF70D0A0486AF6447046D422DD4AA1C3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="1.8166666">1°49'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="68F142BB8F7287E6073CC170C57EBA6C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.116665">61°07'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], Hotel Ecotur, 1 immature male, 07 October 2001 (IBSP 11270); Ilha de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F70F4B56EEA3ECED1DDA48334DD7488D" originalValue="Maracá">Maraca</normalizedToken>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A0D46E2CEAFEAF348F51294D48BEA22E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="3.4166667">3°25'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20B0C104ABAA7AACF1973122F2B4AED3" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.65">61°39'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 2 males, A. B. Bonaldo col., 31 January to 14 February 1992 (MCP 1969);
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="C04D092E37D439AB5FDB7BBEE5C28E0D" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" start="start">2</pageBreakToken>
|
||
males, A. Lise leg., 13 January to 14 February 1992 (MCP 1968);
|
||
<normalizedToken id="749C7C312D96A0BD13F6B671A136C629" originalValue="Amapá">Amapa</normalizedToken>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5803BF427C727164C535A548733314FF" originalValue="Macapá">Macapa</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 4 km from Pacoval [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9EE81C45786E761F1C8A9D73715AFA52" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.033333335">0°02'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="275F9391C4071C4138CF925D9489D047" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-51.066666">51°04'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 1 female, Dr. Hoge col., 4 August 1965 (IBSP 3837); [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1A71B6B9B8EA0C5FB8A6B680908DC021" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.05">0°03'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1B33A63744BA55347B3119454CBAC4E5" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-49.55">49°33'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 1 female, 4 August 1965, Dr. Hoge col., died 26 June 1968 (IBSP 3873); Amazonas: Coari, Porto Urucu, Base de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3DC3823FED914E4E47F0CD18C36882AA" originalValue="Operações">Operacoes</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1DC2A13A4F436D1FFEF6BD14CC871EDC" originalValue="Geólogo">Geologo</normalizedToken>
|
||
Pedro de Moura, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="45EC738B2C4165EB7C6E7D8BC70C33A3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-4.7630553">4°45'47"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="47E18E7550F07637CB06E9BBD5C36182" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-65.04472">65°02'41"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 male, Dias et al. col., 2006 (MPEG 15633); (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="315C401C90DB769EBCD09E37D008327A" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-4.8125">4°48'45"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1AF47514EA45D9DC9B25D33BE69401AC" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-65.03361">65°02'01"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 male, L. T. Miglio col., 09 July 2006 (MPEG 15641); Itacoatiara [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F7225748CBA6C8733FF0DF13355B9463" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.1166666">3°07'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="291578CCB9368F595C86A5C0D73F08B0" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-58.433334">58°26'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 1 female, Dirings col., March 1961 (IBSP 4265); Itapiranga [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9CA908CB1075ACD633E72FC84BFF0B9" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.7333333">2°44'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 58°01W], 1 immature male, EPA col., 11 September 1968 (MZUSP 10.860); Manaus [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="446809E5F6918E4C4CD39FA386B10B99" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.1">03°06'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F2E1E8212ED24AB2B284A38205FD4CF6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.016666">60°01'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 2 males, T. Gasnier col. (INPA 4952, INPA 4948); 1 male, H.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C6515C68C1123AD9138F7CDB46C10379" originalValue="Höfer">Hoefer</normalizedToken>
|
||
leg., 28 March 1988 (INPA 4891); 1 female, 2 February 1948 (AMNH 1.13); 1 juvenile female, February 1943 (AMNH 1.26);
|
||
<normalizedToken id="73858DCD658C272BD058067753301751" originalValue="Balneário">Balneario</normalizedToken>
|
||
do SESC, 1 female, R. Freitas col., 07 December 1975 (INPA 4896); conjunto Suframa, 1 juvenile female, Larissa col., 13 November 1997 (INPA 4893); conjunto Acariquara, 1 male, D. M. M. Mendes col., 18 March 2005 (INPA 4895); campusINPA, 1 male, Albuquerque col., May 1995 (INPA 4887);
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1BC4DFCE59921ADE95D679BC594D3C87" originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4AA3059C5A29AA6C61D02A0E5F5B1B95" originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
|
||
Experimental de Silvicultura Tropical, INPA, 1 female, A. L. R. Barreto col., 29 July 1980 (ZUEC 015); Estrada
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A2FF3694C1CF55B4226EE78CA6E4FBF5" originalValue="Manaus–Caracaraí">Manaus-Caracarai</normalizedToken>
|
||
, km 45, 2 immature males, J. Vasconcellos Neto col., July 1978 (ZUEC 019); INPA, Mata do Laguinho, 1 male and 1 female, 25 April 1959 (IBSP 3503); INPA, campus Peralta, 1 female, F. J. A. col., 13 January 1988 (INPA 4881); Manaus Airport, 1 male, A. Barros col., 27 April 1980 (INPA 4892); Peralta, 1 male, F. J. A. col., 05 June 1993 (INPA 4889); 1 female, F. J. A. col., 03 December 1990 (INPA 4883);
|
||
<normalizedToken id="615F6D75C65565DB4E1C249996335B71" originalValue="Prédio">Predio</normalizedToken>
|
||
do INPA, V8, 3°andar, Silvicultura, 1 male, P. A. Celeste col., 19 May 1986 (INPA 4888); Rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="779C2C80203B3A487931D8D137D43513" originalValue="Tarumá">Taruma</normalizedToken>
|
||
, off Rio Negro, Manaus [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="23D7BED7F5E9F377F5FC7483015C242F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.1">03°06'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="92C4C0285736C4136FFB5447721E3435" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.016666">60°01'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 1 juvenile female, N. Gordon col., June 1995, in house (AMNH RW32); Terra Nova [Manaus neighborhood or
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1AC1C77C849415CCE259425AD91628BD" originalValue="Amazonas’s">Amazonas's</normalizedToken>
|
||
town?], 1 male, Mancelu col., 07 September 1975 (INPA 4890); Vivenda Verde [Manaus neighborhood?], 1 male, H.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DC40749A9A6CBCE32EC3E6A29096F464" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
col., 29 March 2002 (INPA 4885);
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A760A54654AE762BCF147378B5C5EFE8" originalValue="Maraã">Maraa</normalizedToken>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1B6621EED106C689DEC56D1E68EFED02" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.2833333">2°17'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="71715AC3CCB2BC0E8D59DF632BA3B7B6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-65.0">65°00'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], Rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3BEE67D0D9943DE9C61F618F927F7C9E" originalValue="Japurá">Japura</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Maguari, 1 male, R. Constantino col., 02 December 1998 (MPEG 5182); 1 juvenile female (MPEG 5504); Presidente Figueiredo [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6584F7EEB459C8DDEC5E203D9D06A661" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.0166667">02°01'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="905F0D3B0F07F42A95E8CAC577AED85D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.016666">60°01'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], UHE Balbina, 1 female, 2 juvenile females, faunal rescue team col., February 1988, ref. 56112 (IBSP 7872, IBSP 7871, IBSP 7875, respectively); 2 immatures, November 1987, collection Bokermann no. 886 (MZUSP 32173); 1 female, 1987, ref. 55569-12 (IBSP 7900); 2 juvenile females, 1 immature male, 1987, ref. 56681 (IBSP 7901); 1 juvenile female, November 1987, ref. IB34 (IBSP 7876); 1 male, 20 November 1987, ref. 55569-20 (IBSP 7873); 1 male, ref. 55854-2 (IBSP 7878); 3 females, 1 male, 2 immatures, 1987, ref. 56681 (IBSP 7902, IBSP 7903); 1 male, 1988, ref. 56572-7 (IBSP 7874); 3 juvenile females, 2 immature males, Eletronorte col., April 1988 (MNRJ 13818); Cachoeira do
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FF3AD30260993DC4CA5B7962D7989972" originalValue="Tucumã">Tucuma</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3C53BC97AFEDD99BFB289B7F9D750CB1" originalValue="Uatumã">Uatuma</normalizedToken>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7D617FAF4C6FCD3AF4EE448E24D80464" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.6">2°36'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AD49AC242926C69E0994D694383DD935" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-58.083332">58°05'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 1 immature (IBSP 7934); Margens do Rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2C843B96226FE280A2CE6D30F9ACD476" originalValue="Uatumã">Uatuma</normalizedToken>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0A3A2AC6D45E1897032B1B8BD9F325EC" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.6">2°36'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A604B07A40293B95A8FFE494A754FAF3" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-58.083332">58°05'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 1 female, 1 juvenile female, C. F. Alvarenga col., October 1987 (MNRJ 13652);
|
||
<normalizedToken id="611EB7905F2DC0DBBE43CA92729ECEC1" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="677C85C32B60A6AA43B61F04DA1BCA26" originalValue="Belém">Belem</normalizedToken>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DBB04F21453D4BE0CAE7F558D3E234A2" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.4333334">1°26'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2D5095C68340E7683293388593352078" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-48.466667">48°28'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
] 1 female, Dr. Hoge &
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C0525524FFF91AEC60DF05065810702E" originalValue="João">Joao</normalizedToken>
|
||
col., September 1952 (IBSP 3119).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BA0821705C5392C1A3488BBF9C42B730" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="female">
|
||
<paragraph id="9718F9631C109BDBF1527532D2B53377" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Female.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B0BA24ADF9BC942D5B5BE241B200E6C" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Redescription.INPA 4894. Carapace: 19.27 long, 19.06 wide, 4.20 high. Chelicera: 7.25 long. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I:
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="BD0A6770BA523A1D1DB438F88ED4DB61" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" start="start">16.22</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, 10.06, 12.58, 10.94, 7.27, 57.07. II: 15.21, 9.21, 11.43, 10.37, 6.93, 53.15. III: 13.91, 8.39, 11.34, 10.72, 6.95, 51.31. IV: 16.89, 9.04, 14.17, 14.00, 6.94, 61.04. Palp: 11.19, 7.10, 7.84, -, 8.88, 35.01. Midwidths: femora
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4793EC2D8A56F037730CD616FD8AE297" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
= 3.40, 3.67, 3.63, 3.78, palp= 3.08; patellae
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2B87C2FC9B67E2DFCAA3BBD0977900E2" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
= 3.68, 3.86, 4.03, 3.89, palp= 3.18; tibiae
|
||
<normalizedToken id="127CC992FF1C9E08D20FEBDEA21FC5D5" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
= 3.41, 3.21, 3.24, 3.38, palp= 2.98; metatarsi
|
||
<normalizedToken id="73A55302E4C852B6691512B79A3C0464" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
= 2.28, 2.52, 2.29, 2.58; tarsi
|
||
<normalizedToken id="51F044EF3266535467EF5E3CFAEBFB04" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
= 3.20, 3.00, 2.97, 2.97, palp= 3.03. Abdomen: 24.77 long, 16.94 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 2.34 long, 0.93 wide, 0.31 apart; PLS, 2.70 basal, 1.59 middle, 3.50 distal; midwidths 2.22, 1.83, 1.43, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A69C49CCD81BE2696B55AE7A4F80D501" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Carapace: 1.01 times longer than wide; cephalic region not raised, thoracic striae inconspicuous.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E61F291514CF1824285B50456544B6F6" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fovea: deep, slightly recurve, 2.35 wide.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="908597B7933515AE6D03CE8B88C78D2E" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Eyes: eye tubercle 0.95 high, 2.70 long, 3.71 wide. Clypeus 0.67. Anterior row of eyes procurve. Posterior row of eyes recurve. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.86, ALE 0.89, PME 0.39, PLE 0.58,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="362A47D6EEBEEB15DFF5AD4894658D84" originalValue="AME–AME">AME-AME</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.71,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="446DCE2FB707167C1C0B0EB05AC6E083" originalValue="AME–ALE">AME-ALE</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.64,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C5CF737D2912AE08D9D4309AB5DD0792" originalValue="AME–PME">AME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.22,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BF5B74376AF8D40974A9A1439AF5B6F3" originalValue="ALE–ALE">ALE-ALE</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.35,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6F433FA2394BB68AFB54021FF9B02A02" originalValue="ALE–PME">ALE-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.91,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C962648224CDF675698C8E6544D9AF3D" originalValue="PME–PME">PME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.45,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4BFA59B8E8A744C37E3B95FE20438AF3" originalValue="PME–PLE">PME-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.08,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C5B9E3C2022906E8E782CDD17CA62193" originalValue="PLE–PLE">PLE-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.10,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E602181DF308134DBD84967CAA859AA8" originalValue="ALE–PLE">ALE-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.55,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B0793F8AD729D6FE84F69A6C2D146D70" originalValue="AME–PLE">AME-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.68.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB57DAB13C780240538CB243E25529CF" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Maxilla: length to width: 1.84. Cuspules: 100-200 spread over ventral inner heel. Labium: 2.68 long, 3.26 wide, with 103 cuspules spaced by one diameter in third distal area. Labium-sternal groove shallow, flattened, with two sigilla.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="77F4D6535128518B7177DCBA06FD32C6" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="791EE8E074B88B816F944D88BCB2F7FD" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" start="start">Chelicera</pageBreakToken>
|
||
: basal segment with 15 teeth and some small teeth on promargin. Sternum: 9.99 long, 8.39 wide. Sigilla: only posterior pair evident, rounded, less than one diameter from margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ABC5F417DC83CD39F9D48FE84E788338" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Legs: Formula: IV=I II III. Length leg IV to leg I: 1.07. Clavate trichobothria: distal 2/3 tarsi
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EBF038E63EDCB384E786CF2BF40C029B" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Scopulae: Tarsi
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3B2795AFC642BE78629D70379AB08E58" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
fully scopulate. Metatarsi
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1EF16805CCB520405A915CF25061132B" originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
|
||
fully scopulate; III 2/3; IV 1/3 distal scopulate. IV divided by a wide row of setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC18169B8B5C93FD7FD67077798E928E" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Type II urticating setae (Fig. 16): 0.64-0.72 long, 0.016-0.019 wide.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BFDBD646C294A3777F41DC523C996E90" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Spermathecae (Fig. 54): two completely separated, not-twisted long spermathecae, with walls lacking projections or lobes and accentuated outwards curvature medially. Midwidth expanded, about 1.5 times its basal and apical portion widths, and weakly-sclerotized area shorter than half the length of well-sclerotized area.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7EFABC59118E180B50DE0AA011DDCD0C" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="136DA493ACD9F649B17651775D723179" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" start="start">Color</pageBreakToken>
|
||
pattern (Fig. 70): carapace brown with greyish short body setae with green sheen. Carapace border with long setae the same color as dorsal carapace short body setae. Coxae, labium, sternum and maxillae dark brown, darker than ventral femora. Legs and palps with greyish short body setae with green and pink sheen and brown guard-setae with darker base and contrasting whitish apex. Leg rings on distal femora, tibiae and metatarsi whitish. Abdomen dorsum with vivid reddish brown guard-setae with vivid pink sheen grouped on lateral and dorsal anterior areas and black short body setae. Abdomen venter velvety black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A9544030F5C2C88D7F75472918817C01" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<paragraph id="E85C8DC35B781BBB665010F70281983B" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Figures 66-73.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8F6946FCFEAAEC2970B00026E17F7C78" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
stat. n., morphotype 1, habitus 66 immature on leaf retreat 67 immature 68 juvenile 69 juvenile female 70 female 71 male 72 adult inside retreat on tree bark 73 female in coconut tree. Photos: 66-69, 71-73 Marlus Almeida; 70 R. C. West.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0E027A03BD378661E287C880C97001A5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="male">
|
||
<paragraph id="952FE073DB36DAD0805A5DE3C26F1CAC" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Male.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0FA485A5FDD78CA82E76EA67C3980416" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Description.INPA 4897. Carapace: 19.38 long, 19.08 wide, 5.27 high. Chelicera: 6.69 long. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus and total): I: 19.21, 10.36, 14.03, 14.46, 7.62, 65.68. II: 18.52, 9.55, 14.57, 14.15, 7.94, 64.73. III: 16.41, 8.40, 13.17, 13.82, 7.60, 59.40. IV: 19.64, 8.88, 16.32, 18.13, 7.72, 70.69. Palp: 11.53, 6.64, 9.10, -, 3.78, 31.05. Midwidths: femora
|
||
<normalizedToken id="18F47C82F38BF13DBC32C52720B250CC" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
= 3.92, 3.90, 4.09, 3.60, palp= 2.85; patellae
|
||
<normalizedToken id="33180A60A0CD4AAB5C92DD8792390642" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
= 3.87, 4.03, 3.86, 3.83, palp= 3.03; tibiae
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7C366C3C7674C5F3CFEE0AB88914D3CB" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
= 3.06, 3.31, 2.85, 3.18, palp= 2.71; metatarsi
|
||
<normalizedToken id="88E9669049A3899F8024CF7F83E3DA5C" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
= 2.28, 2.12, 2.00, 1.95; tarsi
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F72C56255E1CF89575DBDAC9796A7482" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||
= 2.49, 2.45, 2.25 2.31, palp= 2.61. Abdomen: 22.45 long, 14.42 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 2.31 long, 0.79 wide, 0.16 apart; PLS, 2.35 basal, 1.20 middle, 3.56 distal; midwidths 1.95, 1.63, 1.25, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D93DCED215F1096A39190E00B6D5A299" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">As in female, except:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1A19959679B58034BC51C72866EB4EF6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Carapace: 1.02 times longer than wide.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F86268D1607133C3704327137BDF346A" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fovea: 2.59 wide.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D590C6F11D895995D3BBD4C976004CF" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Eyes: eye tubercle 1.59 high, 2.67 long, 3.48 wide. Clypeus 0.44. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.84, ALE 0.79, PME 0.29, PLE 0.68,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5E25889BFC4771FE1F54A3FF73B4653F" originalValue="AME–AME">AME-AME</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.45,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0A3204D4D3BD1B50A7FF0FCB8445B186" originalValue="AME–ALE">AME-ALE</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.52,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1E4284435353857F99CBFE335A45155E" originalValue="AME–PME">AME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.27,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F36C9E1F5FAC3E53C14AE32103B445A9" originalValue="ALE–ALE">ALE-ALE</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.53,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CFCC657B11519EDD8D85CA4AA2A56F8A" originalValue="ALE–PME">ALE-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.70,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4DA0FB3F6348681664A8677D1F75A67B" originalValue="PME–PME">PME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.23,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0BB5D508FB33FE9CA6611453210D31F5" originalValue="PME–PLE">PME-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.20,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8005B9EC73EF56995512DC45D427EBCF" originalValue="PLE–PLE">PLE-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.68,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="05ABB620D3BEE0C99EB7F8234A922033" originalValue="ALE–PLE">ALE-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.52,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7F12868416EC09A7BEA159F37B7FA03D" originalValue="AME–PLE">AME-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.72.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="76A6B914B1C8BB4EF07E5BAE9A2BA551" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Maxilla: length to width: 2.05. Labium: 2.19 long, 3.19 wide, with 100 cuspules spaced by one diameter in third area. Labio-sternal groove with no evident sigilla.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1CEDDCA9D19AFEFC2AE413CA5B83C6D8" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Chelicera: basal segment with 9 teeth and some small teeth on promargin. Sternum: 9.93 long, 7.45 wide. Sigilla: only posterior evident, rounded, less than one diameter from margin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="08A95CD12FF1DBD4E22C8EA65B9F9B0A" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Legs: Length leg IV to leg I: 1.08. Scopula: Metatarsi III 1/2 distal scopulate.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DE459C3D501357D74E211FEA3A2616F6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Type II urticating setae: 0.91-1.00 long, 0.019-0.020 wide.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA7EC3EBD1C18BB25A79356DF9A67463" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Palp (Figs 58-61): globous bulb with small subtegulum and well-developed prominence on tegulum. Embolus: not flattened, lacking keels, 5.65 long in retrolateral view, about 3.5 times
|
||
<normalizedToken id="33488FF6E771C213889B88A4927C0097" originalValue="tegulum’s">tegulum's</normalizedToken>
|
||
length. Medial portion and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="084379F0ACFBF0684CE2AA8876F51E97" originalValue="tegulum’s">tegulum's</normalizedToken>
|
||
margin form an acute angle in retrolateral view. Proximal part very curved in frontal view; thin distal width, abruptly narrowing distally; basal, middle, and distal width 0.91, 0.31, 0.05, respectively. Tegulum: 3.04 long, 1.65 high in retrolateral view. Cymbium subtriangular with subequal lobes, having a well-developed rounded process on retrolateral lobe, bearing thick setae (Fig. 62).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E8091144B29319BE767B04245916E2BF" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Tibial apophysis (Figs 63-65): single branch on prolateral leg I, with well-developed base and grouped spiniform setae distally. Male metatarsus I touches retrolaterally tibial
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F0F29795493B4D1FF7B98AF2461AA7E1" originalValue="apophysis’">apophysis'</normalizedToken>
|
||
setae when folded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A7782A1BE1DCA522DB6E937BCC5A98BA" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="color pattern ontogeny">
|
||
<paragraph id="826BB79BD00E9A1E82C18808DCC8B77A" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="22FDC90CE2A5D87645054EADFAB9B080" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" start="start">Color</pageBreakToken>
|
||
pattern ontogeny.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E879BF86F5921100DA9C891809101F24" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Brownish juveniles lacking metallic sheen, black tarsi contrasting with other lighter articles and abdomen dorsum reddish, with dorsal central longitudinal black stripe disconnected from transversal black stripes (Fig. 66). When mature, both males and females lose this pattern.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3257C3815330E75CB739DCA72BD746BD" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A70054FCBB628CAF91D84B1A2CEA66E" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Figures 74-75.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77884974D534A925E5184934B90F5390" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
stat. n., morphotype 2, habitus 74 female 75 male. Photos: 74 C. S. Fukushima; 75 R. Bertani.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A1D9B4983D9A3E156DDC6A6FC8AD174D" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="52F661ADCC5FA73C28DFF1587CD470F0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="248B8586D33D580BA875A578611C9BE8" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Venezuela and Brazil (states of Roraima,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="742EA6CAE828052178A41EAAD9E499EC" originalValue="Amapá">Amapa</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Amazonas and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DE8026FAC0D8F1CE5674E2AC897ABEC1" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (Fig. 76).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2C2CF936D5A822939DE70AC8B3412FC2" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph id="69492172BF2D2A57DE903F920A052136" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0DCEFE090B8F56634A00BA4230EE35B5" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="70054E496861C294BDE15491AA01B698" author="Silva, JVC" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" pagination="30 - 33" title="A small homage to Maria Sibylla Merian, and new records of spiders (Araneae: Theraphosidae) preying on birds" url="http://www4.museu-goeldi.br/revistabrornito/revista/index.php/BJO/article/viewFile/1137/pdf_943" volume="24" year="2016">Silva and Meirelles (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported a predation on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7EC0CB3C392A40F310A6C51F5E8B94FA" class="Aves" family="Troglodytidae" genus="Troglodytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglodytes musculus" order="Passeriformes" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musculus">Troglodytes musculus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Naumann, 1823) bird by an specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8507BB3E90FA0F9DC7BB201B337006E7" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
stat. n. in a urban park at Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D5CA7CEB675C2AF5B1BC66A4C8E2ABCA" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="63DF4AC724108AE2C3B33863DA500C2E" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3EE1CBC1CCFD3981F48A0866462381AC" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
All examined specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A6189512B2E355D7CF766059E094875" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
stat. n. have grizzled setae on palps and legs (except those found in Venezuela), but with slight differences in body coloration. We detected three morphotypes. Morphotype 1 is found especially near Manaus (Fig. 77) and females have carapace, legs, and palps with greyish short body setae with very intense green sheen and whitish leg rings (Fig. 70). Abdomen has vivid reddish guard-setae grouped on lateral and dorsal anterior areas, black short body setae and venter velvety black. Males have black abdomen with some whitish tipped setae homogeneously distributed (Fig. 71). Morphotype 2 is found in same area (Fig. 77), but has overall greyish coloration, with short body setae with discrete green sheen and yellowish leg rings. Females have abdomen with light brown guard-setae grouped on lateral and dorsal anterior areas, black short body setae, and venter dark brown (Fig. 74). Males are very similar to morphotype 1 but with yellowish rings (Fig. 75). Males from Puerto Ayacucho (AMNH Ve29) and from Caripito (AMNH Ve31), Venezuela, have genitalia and legs with proportions compatible with those from Brazil, as well as whitish leg rings. However, they do not have white tipped hairs on legs and abdomen as specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6D2D31B46D66A9279D5CD2A5913680A2" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
stat. n. from Manaus, Brazil (Fig. 77), and the prominence on palpal bulb is not well-developed as in specimens from Manaus (morphotype 1). The juvenile female AMNH Ve21, also from Venezuela, has short body setae with golden sheen and very discrete white tipped setae in legs and palps as well as whitish rings. We prefer not to consider these forms as separate species because these slight differences can be due to populational variation since the specimens were collected in the northern limit of the species distribution. It is here called morphotype 3. Despite being collected in Caracas, also in the northern limit of the species, the specimen AMNH Ve18 seems to be a typical morphotype 1. It is necessary to examine more material to understand morphological variation and species boundaries of Venezuelan
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F786416C07E10A45AED953C6CB8279E1" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Avicularia</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="07D482CE8321B7EBDB57AF6F2D7B72CB" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
In his expedition on Lower Amazonas, F. O.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F61220E5A19FA87E7DF95F61ACAAD7F" author="Pickard-Cambridge, FO" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="716 - 766" title="On the Theraphosidae of the lower Amazons: being an account of the new genera and species of this group of spiders discovered during the expedition of the steamship " Faraday " up the river Amazons." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31200747page/810/mode/1up" volume="1896" year="1896">Pickard-Cambridge (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
made interesting observations about color variations along the river. According to him, there was a tendency in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32F1A853637E0DD2E64E5FA479E0189C" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Avicularia</taxonomicName>
|
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spp. to have grizzled setae as he went further west (F. O.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="378A8CD01EC5EB504F06CF539D10047C" author="Pickard-Cambridge, FO" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="716 - 766" title="On the Theraphosidae of the lower Amazons: being an account of the new genera and species of this group of spiders discovered during the expedition of the steamship " Faraday " up the river Amazons." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31200747page/810/mode/1up" volume="1896" year="1896">Pickard-Cambridge 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). When F. O.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D3D465CA2DC306A071793B57826AD09F" author="Pickard-Cambridge, FO" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="716 - 766" title="On the Theraphosidae of the lower Amazons: being an account of the new genera and species of this group of spiders discovered during the expedition of the steamship " Faraday " up the river Amazons." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31200747page/810/mode/1up" volume="1896" year="1896">Pickard-Cambridge (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39EA79E5FBDD8EF9A4E9A245DA49B96D" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
stat. n., he considered it as a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFA8030E5AF92F7E2A18AB9A60403B9F" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia avicularia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avicularia">Avicularia avicularia</taxonomicName>
|
||
and pointed out that some could consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64D01BFA571B7970503A91CF2A648787" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
stat. n. a species in the differentiation process-as further westwards it extended, the more evident the differential characters might be. He also observed the presence of intermediate forms at
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CCBA4FC617E67AA2A4B905A836228CC6" originalValue="Santarém">Santarem</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="417A37983A8A88A566A988B19D5F82CD" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||
, which had the setae of the first two pairs of legs decidedly grizzled
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="7A21FCB277621113D033964B73410FB7" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||
F. O.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="990E89B4461E691E9E8D0F29CB95896C" author="Pickard-Cambridge, FO" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="716 - 766" title="On the Theraphosidae of the lower Amazons: being an account of the new genera and species of this group of spiders discovered during the expedition of the steamship " Faraday " up the river Amazons." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31200747page/810/mode/1up" volume="1896" year="1896">Pickard-Cambridge 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We failed to find specimens with this pattern in our studied sample. Some specimens we examined had posterior legs with more grizzled setae than anterior, but none without any grizzled setae. Despite these two morphotypes being very distinct, F. O.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="63893EC8A2E2E46271C1BCC210AB544B" author="Pickard-Cambridge, FO" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="716 - 766" title="On the Theraphosidae of the lower Amazons: being an account of the new genera and species of this group of spiders discovered during the expedition of the steamship " Faraday " up the river Amazons." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31200747page/810/mode/1up" volume="1896" year="1896">Pickard-Cambridge (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated a careful comparasion was needed of both forms to prove that there are more differences than just coloration. In fact, we found other differences. Leg IV of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="41BD5C2D056C95783AF9BC0C19F23A2B" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia avicularia" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avicularia">Avicularia avicularia</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more than 10% longer than leg I and spermathecae midwidth is as wide as its base width; whereas leg IV of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01B8CAE7FE04E22B6F026E933E049DA6" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
stat. n. has roughly the same length of leg I and spermathecae midwidth is expanded. Accordingly, we can consider them as separate taxa. Thus, we elevate the former subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D450EB62EAAA258A4D98E8D40D0BD0F" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia avicularia" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="avicularia" subSpecies="variegata">Avicularia avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 to species status, resulting in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B86DC6AE259DAD4CF0D3F9A7FD1534FE" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) stat. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6E6CF140AA9140FB92009CEF599056F0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<paragraph id="D633BBE376068A31AB73BBEA4C7BE076" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Figure 76. Map showing records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21422B975402FAFBCA609B84886CA995" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) stat. n. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="733F1ABD9216C148CB3E7A84CF5053EF" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia juruensis" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juruensis">Avicularia juruensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E65000A2E0911FABBF863AD4A15A2DEB" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1923.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E243ADB390D47072D679C18FD7EFFC61" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<paragraph id="AB1ADC21909ECCAD29606424A2CB9B47" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Figures 77. Map showing records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="523BDCDE3B7D406C289F74EDAE37A2D4" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia variegata" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">Avicularia variegata</taxonomicName>
|
||
F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 stat. n. morphotypes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |