587 lines
48 KiB
XML
587 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7055" ID-PMC="PMC4086210" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-38-69" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3B4DC820FFF52535FFF7FFEBFFECD008" ID-PubMed="25009438" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576220" ModsDocID="1314-2003-38-69" checkinTime="1451251733013" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Giacomin, Leandro L. & Stehmann, Joao R." docDate="2014" docId="96F9DB683EF1ACAC7A94EA937AC0BF0F" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 38: 69-87" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 38" docPubDate="2014-06-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7055" docTitle="Solanum bradei Giacomin & Stehmann 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="3B4DC820FFF52535FFF7FFEBFFECD008" lastPageNumber="74" masterDocId="3B4DC820FFF52535FFF7FFEBFFECD008" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Solanum (Brevantherum Clade) endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="69" pageNumber="70" updateTime="1668141129594" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Three new species of Solanum (Brevantherum Clade) endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Giacomin, Leandro L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>ICB, Departamento de Botanica, Laboratorio de Sistematica Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270 - 901, MG, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Stehmann, Joao R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>ICB, Departamento de Botanica, Laboratorio de Sistematica Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270 - 901, MG, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-06-04</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>69</mods:start>
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<mods:end>87</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7055</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7055</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-38-69</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">3B4DC820FFF52535FFF7FFEBFFECD008</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576220</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152025229" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:96F9DB683EF1ACAC7A94EA937AC0BF0F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/96F9DB683EF1ACAC7A94EA937AC0BF0F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="1" pageNumber="70">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName LSID="96F9DB68-3EF1-ACAC-7A94-EA937AC0BF0F" authority="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum bradei" order="Solanales" pageId="1" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei" status="sp. nov.">Solanum bradei Giacomin & Stehmann</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="70">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Solanum bradei Giacomin & Stehmann. A Habit B Inflorescence detail, showing the long peduncle C Corolla cross section showing stamens D Fruit, note the small, deltate calyx lobes. All from Giacomin et al. 359 (BHCB). Scale bars A = 5 cm; B and D = 5 mm; C = 2 mm. Drawings by B. Raddichi." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10668" pageId="1" pageNumber="70">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Photographs of the species in the field. A-B Solanum bradei Giacomin & Stehmann A Shoot showing the anisophyllous sympodia and lateral emergence of the inflorescence [from Hattori et al. 914 (BHCB)] B Translucent fruit [from Agra et al. 7398 (BHCB, JPB)] C Inflorescence of Solanum friburgense Giacomin & Stehmann in cultivation showing its hispid indumentum [from Giacomin 940 (BHCB)] D Inflorescence of Solanum kriegeri Giacomin & Stehmann [from Giacomin et al. 770 (BHCB); photo by F. D. Gontijo]. Scale bars A = 2 cm; B-D = 1 cm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10669" pageId="1" pageNumber="70">2A, B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="1" pageNumber="70" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="70">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="1" pageNumber="70">
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Differs from all other species of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="1" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inornatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="70">Solanum inornatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group in its shrub-like, woody habit and long-pedunculate inflorescences (peduncles up to 1 cm). Unlike
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="1" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inornatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="70">Solanum inornatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="71" start="start">Witasek</pageBreakToken>
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it has deltate, rather than linear-lanceolate, calyx lobes that are not accrescent in fruit.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="71" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
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BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Mun. Itatiaia. Parque Nacional do Itatiaia,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="continuação">continuacao</normalizedToken>
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da BR
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<normalizedToken originalValue="após">apos</normalizedToken>
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posto de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="vigilância">vigilancia</normalizedToken>
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, margens da estrada
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<normalizedToken originalValue="próximo">proximo</normalizedToken>
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a casa, 1171 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.15" value="-22.43643">22°26'11.15"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="27.55" value="-44.624317">44°37'27.55"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3 Nov 2008 (fl),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">L.L. Giacomin, L.H.Y. Kamino & T.E. Almeida 359</emphasis>
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(holotype: BHCB [BHCB-012523]; isotypes: BM, NY, RB).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="71" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
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Herbs to shrubs, woody at base, erect, to 1.8 m tall, usually much-branched, the upper branches decumbent, flexuous on young plants. Stems moderate to densely pubescent with simple uniseriate 2-3(4)-celled trichomes up to 2.8 mm long, these appressed, arcuate, or erect along stems, or sometimes geniculate and antrorse. Bark of older stems turning brownish-green, glabrescent, not exfoliating, normally matte brown on new growth. Sympodial units 3-plurifoliate, mostly geminate, when so markedly anisophyllous, differing in shape and size, with the smaller leaves highly reduced. Leaves simple, the major ones 2-11.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.9-3 cm, lanceolate to narrowly-elliptic, chartaceous, slightly discolorous, drying light green beneath, dark green above, not shiny, moderate to densely pubescent in both surfaces with unbranched antrorse, appressed, or erect hairs, with up to 3 cells; base attenuate to rounded, sometimes slightly asymmetric, not decurrent onto the petiole; margins entire, sometimes slightly revolute, ciliate, with the trichomes lying antrorsely parallel to the margin; apex acute to acuminate; petioles 2-13 mm long, with pubescence similar to the stems; minor ones 0.35-2.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.2-1.3 cm, broadly elliptic to circular; the base obtuse to rounded, margins like those of the major leaves; the apex rounded to acute, the petioles absent to 3 mm; venation brochidodromous; midrib and secondary veins visible to the naked eye, prominent abaxially, with only the midrib slightly prominent to impressed adaxially. Inflorescences pedunculate, terminal, lateral or sub-opposite the leaves, unbranched cymes with 3-7 flowers, the axis with pubescence like that of the stems; peduncle 2.2-10 mm long; pedicels 2-8 mm in the flower, 6-14 mm in fruit, articulated at base, spaced up to 8 mm apart. Calyx up to 3 mm long, the lobes 1-2 mm long in flower and fruit, about 1 mm wide, the lobes ovate-deltate, with an acuminate apex, abaxially moderately to densely pubescent with antrorse trichomes like those of the stem abaxially, adaxially densely pubescent with capitate glandular trichomes less than 1 mm long, with single-celled stalks and a multicellular head; calyx not accrescent in fruit. Corolla 6-10 mm in diameter, white, stellate, membranaceous, the lobes 3-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2-3 mm, ovate-lanceolate, glabrous abaxially and adaxially. Stamens 2-3 mm long, equal in length, the filaments ca. 1 mm long; anthers 1-2 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, oblong-ellipsoid, slightly connivent, yellow, the base cordate, the apex emarginate and poricidal, the subapical pores directed introrsely, not opening into longitudinal slits. Ovary glabrous; style white, 4-6 mm long, exserted beyond stamens, straight, cylindrical, glabrous, the stigma light green, capitate. Fruit a globose berry 4-7.8 mm in diameter, slightly translucent green to dull green when ripe, drying dark, glabrous. Seeds 2-4 per berry, 2-4.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2-3.3 mm, flattened, ovate-reniform, with a small hollow at hilum region; the seed surface undulate; margins flattened.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10668" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Giacomin & Stehmann.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">A</emphasis>
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Habit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">B</emphasis>
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Inflorescence detail, showing the long peduncle
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">C</emphasis>
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Corolla cross section showing stamens
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">D</emphasis>
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Fruit, note the small, deltate calyx lobes. All from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Giacomin et al. 359</emphasis>
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(BHCB). Scale bars
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">A</emphasis>
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= 5 cm;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">B</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">D</emphasis>
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= 5 mm;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">C</emphasis>
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= 2 mm. Drawings by B. Raddichi.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10669" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Photographs of the species in the field.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">A-B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Giacomin & Stehmann
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">A</emphasis>
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Shoot showing the anisophyllous sympodia and lateral emergence of the inflorescence [from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Hattori et al. 914</emphasis>
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(BHCB)]
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">B</emphasis>
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Translucent fruit [from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Agra et al. 7398</emphasis>
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(BHCB, JPB)]
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">C</emphasis>
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Inflorescence of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="friburgense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Solanum friburgense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Giacomin & Stehmann in cultivation showing its hispid indumentum [from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Giacomin 940</emphasis>
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(BHCB)]
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">D</emphasis>
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Inflorescence of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Giacomin & Stehmann [from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Giacomin et al</emphasis>
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. 770 (BHCB); photo by F.D. Gontijo]. Scale bars
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">A</emphasis>
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= 2 cm;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">B-D</emphasis>
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= 1 cm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="72" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="72" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
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Restricted to the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Known distribution of Solanum bradei Giacomin & Stehmann (circles), Solanum friburgense Giacomin & Stehmann (stars) and Solanum kriegeri Giacomin & Stehmann (triangles) in the states of Minas Gerais (MG), Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and Sao Paulo (SP) in southeastern Brazil." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10670" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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). The known specimens are mainly from the Mantiqueira mountain range in the border area between those states, with one disjunct collection from Serra do Mar, in the Bocaina region of northeastern
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo State.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10670" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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Known distribution of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Giacomin & Stehmann (circles),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="friburgense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Solanum friburgense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Giacomin & Stehmann (stars) and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Giacomin & Stehmann (triangles) in the states of Minas Gerais (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">MG</emphasis>
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), Rio de Janeiro (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">RJ</emphasis>
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) and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">SP</emphasis>
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) in southeastern Brazil.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="72" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
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Occasional in the understory or shaded forest edges of well-preserved or secondary fragments of the Brazilian Atlantic coastal rainforest (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
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Floresta
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ombrófila">Ombrofila</normalizedToken>
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Densa
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</emphasis>
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of
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<bibRefCitation author="Veloso, HP" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="15" pageNumber="84" refId="B16" refString="Veloso, HP, Rangel, Filho ALR, Lima, JCA, 1991. Classificacao da vegetacao brasileira, adaptada a um sistema universal. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro, 1-124." title="Classificacao da vegetacao brasileira, adaptada a um sistema universal. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro, 1 - 124." year="1991">Veloso et al. 1991</bibRefCitation>
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), normally close to water courses, in elevations ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 m. In cultivation in Belo Horizonte,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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flowered year round. Preliminary crossing studies suggested it was self-incompatible as no fruits were produced in selfed plants, but more individuals should be used for a definitive conclusion.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="72" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to produce flowers year round but a flowering peak is observed in the rainy season, as most of the collections are from between the months of October and March. None of the examined collections are from December or January. Most of the specimens flowering in October and November and fruiting from February through May. The only well developed fruit was found in a collection from May.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="72" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
|
||
The epithet honors the German botanist Alexander C. Brade [1881-1971] who greatly contributed to the growth of botany in Brazil in the middle 1900s. His efforts to better understand the flora of Itatiaia led to the earliest known collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="72" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Preliminary conservation status</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">(IUCN, 2013).</emphasis>
|
||
Endangered (EN) B1; B2 ab (ii,iii,iv). The EOO and AOO calculated were 4,076.04 km2 and 48 km2 respectively resulting in the assessment of the Endangered category. The species is known from eight localities only, most of which are subject to urban expansion and deforestation due to tourism and agriculture. Although the species is known to occur in three protected areas [
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
|
||
de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Preservação">Preservacao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Ambiental Serra da Mantiqueira (APA Mantiqueira), Parque Estadual de Campos do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jordão">Jordao</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Parque Nacional de Itatiaia] we suggest to maintain it as Endangered due to: the effectiveness of APAs in protecting the species is doubtful, the Parque Estadual de Campos do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jordão">Jordao</normalizedToken>
|
||
have considerable areas with exotic species, and both it and Parque Nacional do Itatiaia have considerable areas with habitats not suitable to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(such as outcrops and highland grassfields). Although
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known to grow on secondary fragments and in a wide elevation range, threats to it are clear, considering that the southern Mantiqueira range, where most collections are from, is situated between the two main urban centers in Brazil and has become a tourism hub. In addition, over the past few decades the montane forests and the highland fields of Mantiqueira have been increasingly converted to pastures, monocultures or urban centers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the most widely distributed and morphologically variable species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inornatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Solanum inornatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group. It is the only species of the group not necessarily associated with well-preserved sites, although always found in shaded environments, and is also the one that has the broadest elevational range. Despite the usual shrubby, robust habit of the species, specimens as small as 20-25 cm tall were found flowering, these mainly from the municipalities of Camanducaia and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gonçalves">Goncalves</normalizedToken>
|
||
, in southern Minas Gerais State. The species has distinctive geminate sympodia,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="73" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
|
||
leaves differing in shape and size to a degree not observed in any other species of the group. Although this character was observed in all specimens in the field, some branches preserved on herbarium sheets do not retain well-developed minor leaves.
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="74" start="start">Due</pageBreakToken>
|
||
to this, anisophylly was not used as a diagnostic character to separate the species, but it is certainly a useful character in the field.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Some plants seem to develop diseased flowers, possibly the result of fungal or viral infection, as has been previously reported in other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hernandez, JR" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="14" pageNumber="83" pagination="728 - 755" publicationUrl="10.2307/3761948" refId="B4" refString="Hernandez, JR, Hennen, JF, 2003. Rust fungi causing galls, witches' brooms, and other abnormal plant growths in northwestern Argentina. Mycologia 95 (4): 728 - 755, 10.2307/3761948" title="Rust fungi causing galls, witches' brooms, and other abnormal plant growths in northwestern Argentina." url="10.2307/3761948" volume="95" year="2003">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernández">Hernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Hennen 2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In these cases an unusual form of calyx growth is observed where the expanded calyx covers the entire flower, making it resemble a fruit. This has resulted in misleading annotations on some labels [e.g.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Polisel et al. 228</emphasis>
|
||
(SPSF) has "Fruto imaturo verde" written on the label but the specimen is actually flowering]. When dissected, the diseased flowers show an opened and lobed corolla, retained in the expanded calyx, and purplish blue anthers (in dried material) that produce less pollen than normal. These putatively infertile flowers are more common in young plants from disturbed areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inornatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum inornatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its tiny deltate calyx lobes (1-2 mm long) that are not accrescent in fruit and its long-pedunculate inflorescence (peduncles up to 1 cm).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inornatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum inornatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has linear, 3-5 mm long calyx lobes and inflorescences with peduncles 1-4 mm long. The characters that separate it from the other species described in this paper are discussed further below, on each species discussion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||
In the past, sheets of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin & Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been determined as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="apiahyense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum apiahyense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Witasek by various
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taxonomists, another poorly known species of uncertain affinities from secondary formations in
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Santa Catarina states. More recently,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="apiahyense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum apiahyense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found to be closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1919" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trachytrichium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum trachytrichium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bitter, a species previously assigned to the Geminata clade (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Knapp, S" journalOrPublisher="Flora Neotropica" pageId="14" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 405" refId="B7" refString="Knapp, S, 2002b. Solanum section Geminata (G. Don) Walpers (Solanaceae). Flora Neotropica 84: 1 - 405" title="Solanum section Geminata (G. Don) Walpers (Solanaceae)." volume="84" year="2002 b">Knapp 2002b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, L.L. Giacomin in prep.). Among species that could be confused with members of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inornatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum inornatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group and that are not considered part of the Brevantherum clade, these two (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="apiahyense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum apiahyense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1919" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trachytrichium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum trachytrichium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are the only ones that we judge should be mentioned here. They can be distinguished from all species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inornatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum inornatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group by having inflorescences with fruiting peduncle longer than 1 cm and pedicels apically expanded with a constriction at the receptacle. The pubescence of the species are also distinctive: while
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="apiahyense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum apiahyense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has very long, multicellular (up to 7 cells) unbranched trichomes,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1919" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trachytrichium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Solanum trachytrichium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has unicellular trichomes that are hooked on a mound-like base, giving the leaves an scabrous aspect, rough to the touch (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Knapp, S" journalOrPublisher="Flora Neotropica" pageId="14" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 405" refId="B7" refString="Knapp, S, 2002b. Solanum section Geminata (G. Don) Walpers (Solanaceae). Flora Neotropica 84: 1 - 405" title="Solanum section Geminata (G. Don) Walpers (Solanaceae)." volume="84" year="2002 b">Knapp 2002b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" type="specimens examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">BRAZIL</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Minas Gerais</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Mun. Camanducaia</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Próximo">Proximo</normalizedToken>
|
||
a
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gonçalves">Goncalves</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Na mata do Sr. Altair, 1900 m, 23 Oct 2001 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">J.R. Stehmann & I.B. Castro 3022</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB, RB); Mun. Camanducaia. Divisa com
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gonçalves">Goncalves</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Próximo">Proximo</normalizedToken>
|
||
a Pedra de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Domingos, 1727 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="27.1" value="-22.70753">22°42'27.1"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="1.39" value="-45.93372">45°56'1.39"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 12 Mar 2003 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||
J.R. Stehmann & G.S.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="França">Franca</normalizedToken>
|
||
3415
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB); same locality, 12 Mar 2003 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||
J.R. Stehmann & G.S.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="França">Franca</normalizedToken>
|
||
3416
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB); same locality 12 Mar 2003 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||
J.R. Stehmann & G.S.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="França">Franca</normalizedToken>
|
||
3417
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Mun. Delfim Moreira</emphasis>
|
||
. Margens da estrada que liga Delfim Moreira a Campos do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jordão">Jordao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1781 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="40.84" value="-22.578012">22°34'40.84"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="49.07" value="-45.26363">45°15'49.07"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1 Nov 2008 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">L.L. Giacomin et al. 319</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB); same locality, 1673 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="40.93" value="-22.594704">22°35'40.93"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="19.81" value="-45.32217">45°19'19.81"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1 Nov 2008 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">L.L. Giacomin et al. 346</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB); Fazenda da
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Onça">Onca</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="área">area</normalizedToken>
|
||
mantida pelo
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Exército">Exercito</normalizedToken>
|
||
Brasileiro),
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="próximo">proximo</normalizedToken>
|
||
ao
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="pórtico">portico</normalizedToken>
|
||
de entrada da fazenda, 1674
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="75" start="start">m</pageBreakToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="41" value="-22.61139">22°36'41"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-45.34889">45°20'56"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 15 Mar 2011 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">L.L. Giacomin et al. 1372</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
||
Mun.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gonçalves">Goncalves</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Às">Às</normalizedToken>
|
||
margens da estrada de terra que liga
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gonçalves">Goncalves</normalizedToken>
|
||
a BR-381,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Próximo">Proximo</normalizedToken>
|
||
a mata do Altair, 1786 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="15.33" value="-22.70426">22°42'15.33"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="20.16" value="-45.938934">45°56'20.16"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 13 Jul 2008 (bs),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">L.L. Giacomin & J.R. Stehmann 180</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB); same locality, 1786 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="13,57" value="-22.70377">22°42'13,57"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="18,59" value="-45.9385">45°56'18,59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 28 Oct 2008 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">L.L. Giacomin et al. 257</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Mun. Itamonte.</emphasis>
|
||
[close to] Parque Nacional de Itatiaia, Outskirts of park on road toward Agulhas Negras, 1728 m, 22°22'25", 44°45'17", 6 May 2011 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">M.F. Agra et al. 7398</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB, JPB); Margens da BR-354, 1558 m, 22°22'25", 44°45'17"
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="47.10" value="-22.363083">22°21'47.10"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="23.05" value="-44.773067">44°46'23.05"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 12 Jul 2008 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">L.L. Giacomin & J.R. Stehmann 171</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB); same locality, 1558 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="45.17" value="-22.362547">22°21'45.17"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="21.52" value="-44.772644">44°46'21.52"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 5 Nov 2008 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">L.L. Giacomin et al. 372</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB); Margens da rodovia
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="não">nao</normalizedToken>
|
||
pavimentada que leva para o Pico das Agulhas Negras e parte alta do Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (BR-485); ca. 1 km
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="após">apos</normalizedToken>
|
||
a entrada, 1711 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-22.373333">22°22'24"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="19" value="-44.75528">44°45'19"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 20 Nov 2013 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">L.L. Giacomin et al. 2028</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB, BM, UT); Estrada para Rio de Janeiro, 1576 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="49.13" value="-22.363647">22°21'49.13"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="26.67" value="-44.774075">44°46'26.67"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 22 Nov 2006 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">J.R. Stehmann et al. 4503</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB; ESA).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Mun. Passa Quatro</emphasis>
|
||
. Serra da Mantiqueira, Fazenda
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Bento, 1700 m, Nov 1948 (bs, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">J. Vidal s.n</emphasis>
|
||
. (R 209896).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Rio de Janeiro</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Mun. Itatiaia</emphasis>
|
||
. Maromba, Arbusto nas pedras, 3 Feb 1945 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">A.C. Brade 17391</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB, RB); Caminho Rio Bonito, 2 Feb 1948 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">A.C. Brade 18802</emphasis>
|
||
(RB); Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Trilha do Hotel Simon para o
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Três">Tres</normalizedToken>
|
||
Picos, 1500 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-22.25">22°15'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-44.566666">44°34'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 23 Nov 1994 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">J.M.A. Braga 1629</emphasis>
|
||
(RB); Parque Nacional do
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="76" start="start">Itatiaia</pageBreakToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="próximo">proximo</normalizedToken>
|
||
a cachoeira da Maromba, 1186 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="10.43" value="-22.43623">22°26'10.43"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="29.14" value="-44.62476">44°37'29.14"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3 Nov 2008 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">L.L. Giacomin et al. 357</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB); Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Trilha do Hotel Simon para o
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Três">Tres</normalizedToken>
|
||
Picos, 1087 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="7.5" value="-22.435415">22°26'7.5"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="38.14" value="-44.61059">44°36'38.14"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3 Nov 2008 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">L.L. Giacomin et al. 361</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB); Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Trilha do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Véu">Veu</normalizedToken>
|
||
da Noiva, 1163 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="4" value="-22.434444">22°26'4"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-44.623333">44°37'24"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 16 Oct 2009 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">E.K.O. Hattori et al. 914</emphasis>
|
||
(BHCB); Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Trilha para o
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rebouças">Reboucas</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 16 Oct 2009 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">E.K.O. Hattori et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 927 (BHCB).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">Mun. Bananal.</emphasis>
|
||
Serra da Bocaina,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sertão">Sertao</normalizedToken>
|
||
do Rio Vermelho, 1200 m, 6 Oct 1949 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">A.C. Brade & A.Duarte 20106</emphasis>
|
||
(RB).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Mun. Campos do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jordão">Jordao</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Parque Estadual de Campos do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jordão">Jordao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Trilha da cachoeira,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-22.691666">22°41'30"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="west" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="52" value="-45.464447">45°27'52"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 27 Apr 2007 (bs, fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">R.T. Polisel et al. 228</emphasis>
|
||
(SPSF).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |