191 lines
21 KiB
XML
191 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b9f6ab2b-1860-4796-b756-167ae5d2c916" ID-PMC="PMC6906170" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-894-53" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5" ID-PubMed="31844409" ID-ZooBank="D11503CA5A574067817904E0C8C162C8" ModsDocID="1313-2970-894-53" checkinTime="1575565036169" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pentinsaari, Mikko, Anderson, Robert, Borowiec, Lech, Bouchard, Patrice, Brunke, Adam, Douglas, Hume, Smith, Andrew B. T. & Hebert, Paul D. N." docDate="2019" docId="96D1DDBCE7D152269ED3C21A7C7B6221" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 894: 53-150" docOrigin="ZooKeys 894" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862" docTitle="Malthodes pumilus Brebisson 1835" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5" masterDocTitle="DNA barcodes reveal 63 overlooked species of Canadian beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1668168181706" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>DNA barcodes reveal 63 overlooked species of Canadian beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera)</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Pentinsaari, Mikko</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Anderson, Robert</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Borowiec, Lech</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Bouchard, Patrice</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Brunke, Adam</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Douglas, Hume</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Hebert, Paul D. N.</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part>
|
|
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number>894</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start>53</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end>150</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location>
|
|
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-894-53</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D11503CA5A574067817904E0C8C162C8</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="160631353" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:96D1DDBCE7D152269ED3C21A7C7B6221" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/96D1DDBCE7D152269ED3C21A7C7B6221" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
|
|
<taxonomicName LSID="96D1DDBC-E7D1-5226-9ED3-C21A7C7B6221" authority="Brebisson, 1835" authorityName="Brebisson" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Cantharidae" genus="Malthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Malthodes pumilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilus">
|
|
Malthodes pumilus (
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brébisson">Brebisson</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1835)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 27, 28" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 27, 28. 27 Dichelotarsus lapponicus (Gyllenhal) 27 A habitus 27 B aedeagus, ventral view (everted endophallus removed) 27 C aedeagus, lateral view (everted endophallus removed) 27 D endophallus, lateral view 28 Malthodes pumilus (Brebisson), habitus, L. Borowiec. Scale bars: 2.0 mm (27 A), 0.5 mm (27 B-D), 0.3 mm (28)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures27-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362150" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures27-28">Figure 28</figureCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
|
|
Native to the Palaearctic region. Widespread in Europe, also recorded from Iran and Turkey (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kazantsev, SV" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B102" refString="Kazantsev, SV, Brancucci, M, Loebl, I, Smetana, A, 2007. Cantharidae. In: LoeblISmetanaA (Eds) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol.4). Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 234-298." title="Cantharidae. In: LoeblISmetanaA (Eds) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol. 4). Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 234 - 298." year="2007">Kazantsev and Brancucci 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Adventive in the Nearctic region (British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland, Canada).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="canadian records">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Canadian records.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
|
|
British Columbia: Mount Revelstoke National Park, 19-Jun-2014 to 26-Jun-2014 (15 exx, CBG); Mount Revelstoke National Park, 04-Jul-2014 to 09-Jul-2014 (22 exx, CBG); New Afton Mine, 06-Jun-2013 to 13-Jun-2013 (4 exx, CBG); New Afton Mine, 20-Jun-2013 to 27-Jun-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Vancouver, 03-Jun-2014 to 10-Jun-2014 (4 exx, CBG); Vancouver, 17-Jun-2014 to 24-Jun-2014 (1 ex, CBG); Yoho National Park, 25-Jun-2014 to 07-Jul-2014 (1 ex, CBG). Alberta: Banff National Park, 17-Jun-2012 (1 ex, CBG); Banff National Park, 19-Jun-2012 (1 ex, CBG); Banff National Park, 15-Jun-2012 to 20-Jun-2012 (1 ex, CBG); Elk Island National Park, 22-Jun-2012 to 29-Jun-2012 (1 ex, CBG); Elk Island National Park, 01-Jul-2012 (1 ex, CBG); Elk Island National Park, 02-Jul-2012 (1 ex, CBG); Elk Island National Park, 29-Jun-2012 to 03-Jul-2012 (17 exx, CBG); Elk Island National Park, 06-Jul-2012 to 13-Jul-2012 (8 exx, CBG); Jasper National Park, 04-Jul-2012 to 11-Jul-2012 (1 ex, CBG); Waterton Lakes National Park, 27-Jun-2012 to 04-Jul-2012 (3 exx, CBG); Waterton Lakes National Park, 10-Jul-2012 to 17-Jul-2012 (4 exx, CBG); Waterton Lakes National Park, 17-Jul-2012 to 24-Jul-2012 (3 exx, CBG). Saskatchewan: Grasslands National Park, 29-Jun-2014 to 08-Jul-2014 (3 exx, CBG). Manitoba: Riding Mountain National Park, 02-Jul-2012 to 09-Jul-2012 (10 exx, CBG). Ontario: Algonquin Provincial Park, 01-Jul-2014 to 15-Jul-2014 (2 exx, CBG); Bayview Escarpment Provincial Park, 29-May-2014 to 12-Jun-2014 (6 exx, CBG); Bayview Escarpment Provincial Park, 26-Jun-2014 to 10-Jul-2014 (1 ex, CBG); Bruce Peninsula National Park, 21-Jun-2012 to 28-Jun-2012 (2 exx, CBG); Bruce Peninsula National Park, 28-Jun-2012 to 07-Jul-2012 (3 exx, CBG); Bruce Peninsula National Park, 05-Jul-2012 to 12-Jul-2012 (3 exx, CBG); Bruce Peninsula National Park, 12-Jul-2012 to 18-Jul-2012 (2 exx, CBG); Elizabethtown-Kitley, 02-Jun-2010 to 04-Jun-2010 (1 ex, CBG); Elizabethtown-Kitley, 04-Jun-2010 to 06-Jun-2010 (1 ex, CBG); Elizabethtown-Kitley, 06-Jun-2010 to 08-Jun-2010 (1 ex, CBG); Elizabethtown-Kitley, 12-Jun-2010 to 14-Jun-2010 (1 ex, CBG); Elizabethtown-Kitley, 15-Jun-2011 to 20-Jun-2011 (2 exx, CBG); Frontenac Provincial Park, 05-Jun-2014 to 19-Jun-2014 (3 exx, CBG); Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 04-Jun-2013 to 11-Jun-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 11-Jun-2013 to 18-Jun-2013 (7 exx, CBG); Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 18-Jun-2013 to 26-Jun-2013 (6 exx, CBG); Guelph, 19-Jun-2015 to 26-Jun-2015 (1 ex, CBG); Hartington, 30-May-2017 (1 ex, CBG); Hartington, 13-Jun-2017 (2 exx, CBG); Hartington, 28-Jun-2017 (1 ex, CBG); Inverhuron Provincial Park, 25-Jun-2014 to 09-Jul-2014 (4 exx, CBG);
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lion`s">Lion's</normalizedToken>
|
|
Head Provincial Park, 26-Jun-2014 to 10-Jul-2014 (1 ex, CBG); Lower Madawaska River Provincial Park, 02-Jul-2014 to 16-Jul-2014 (2 exx, CBG);
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Murphy`s">Murphy's</normalizedToken>
|
|
Point Provincial Park, 05-Jun-2014 to 19-Jun-2014 (1 ex, CBG); Peterborough, 24-May-2015 to 30-May-2015 (1 ex, CBG); Peterborough, 07-Jun-2015 to 13-Jun-2015 (2 exx, CBG); Pinery Provincial Park, 25-Jun-2014 to 09-Jul-2014 (1 ex, CBG); Puslinch Township, 05-Jun-2010 to 12-Jun-2010 (1 ex, CBG); Rouge National Urban Park, 03-Jun-2013 to 09-Jun-2013 (2 exx, CBG); Sandbanks Provincial Park, 05-Jun-2014 to 19-Jun-2014 (1 ex, CBG); Short Hills Provincial Park, 26-May-2014 to 09-Jun-2014 (1 ex, CBG); Sudbury, 08-Jun-2010 (1 ex, CBG); Thousand Islands National Park, 01-Jun-2012 to 08-Jun-2012 (1 ex, CBG); Thousand Islands National Park, 08-Jun-2012 to 15-Jun-2012 (5 exx, CBG); Thousand Islands National Park, 15-Jun-2012 to 22-Jun-2012 (3 exx, CBG). Quebec: Forillon National Park, 05-Jul-2013 to 15-Jul-2013 (4 exx, CBG); Forillon National Park, 15-Jul-2013 to 22-Jul-2013 (6 exx, CBG); Forillon National Park, 22-Jul-2013 to 30-Jul-2013 (4 exx, CBG); Forillon National Park, 28-Jun-2013 to 05-Jul-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Mingan Archipelago National Park Reserve, 02-Jul-2013 to 09-Jul-2013 (1 ex, CBG). New Brunswick: Fundy National Park, 18-Jun-2013 to 25-Jun-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Fundy National Park, 02-Jul-2013 to 09-Jul-2013 (22 exx, CBG); Fundy National Park, 09-Jul-2013 to 16-Jul-2013 (33 exx, CBG); Fundy National Park, 16-Jul-2013 to 23-Jul-2013 (8 exx, CBG). Nova Scotia: Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 14-Jul-2013 to 19-Jul-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 19-Jul-2013 to 26-Jul-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Kejimkujik National Park, 13-Jun-2013 to 20-Jun-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Kejimkujik National Park, 27-Jun-2013 to 05-Jul-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Sable Island National Park Reserve, 01-Jul-2014 to 14-Jul-2014 (3 exx, CBG). Prince Edward Island: Prince Edward Island National Park, 03-Jul-2013 to 10-Jul-2013 (1 ex, CBG). Newfoundland: Gros Morne National Park, 12-Jul-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Gros Morne National Park, 09-Jul-2013 to 16-Jul-2013 (109 exx, CBG); Gros Morne National Park, 09-Jul-2013 to 20-Jul-2013 (24 exx, CBG); Gros Morne National Park, 10-Jul-2013 to 20-Jul-2013 (6 exx, CBG); Gros Morne National Park, 23-Jul-2013 to 30-Jul-2013 (25 exx, CBG); Gros Morne National Park, 06-Aug-2013 to 13-Aug-2013 (2 exx, CBG); Terra Nova National Park, 25-Jun-2013 to 02-Jul-2013 (4 exx, CBG); Terra Nova National Park, 09-Jul-2013 to 16-Jul-2013 (37 exx, CBG); Terra Nova National Park, 24-Jul-2013 to 30-Jul-2013 (3 exx, CBG).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="diagnostic information">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Diagnostic information</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
|
|
(based on
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Wittmer, W" editor="Freude, H" journalOrPublisher="Frey" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B209" refString="Wittmer, W, Freude, H, Harde, KW, Lohse, GA, 1979. Malthinini. In: FreudeHHardeKWLohseGA (Eds) Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Band 6.Goecke & Evers, Krefeld, 40-51." title="Malthinini. In: FreudeHHardeKWLohseGA (Eds) Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Band 6. Goecke & Evers, Krefeld, 40 - 51." year="1979">Wittmer 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Body length 1.3-1.5 mm. Habitus as in
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 27, 28" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 27, 28. 27 Dichelotarsus lapponicus (Gyllenhal) 27 A habitus 27 B aedeagus, ventral view (everted endophallus removed) 27 C aedeagus, lateral view (everted endophallus removed) 27 D endophallus, lateral view 28 Malthodes pumilus (Brebisson), habitus, L. Borowiec. Scale bars: 2.0 mm (27 A), 0.5 mm (27 B-D), 0.3 mm (28)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures27-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362150" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures27-28">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
|
. Unicolorous dark brown to black, tarsi slightly paler. Mandibles with a finely serrate additional tooth on the inner surface. Male with the last ventrite long and narrow, deeply emarginate (almost to the middle), last visible tergite likewise deeply emarginate.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="bionomic notes">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Bionomic notes.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
|
|
In Europe, this eurytopic species is usually found in dry, warm habitats such as exposed forest edges, dry meadows etc. (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Koch, K" journalOrPublisher="Goecke & Evers Verlag, Krefeld" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B115" refString="Koch, K, 1989b. Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Oekologie (Vol. 2). Goecke & Evers Verlag, Krefeld" title="Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Oekologie (Vol. 2)." year="1989 b">Koch 1989b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The larvae probably live in dead wood as predators (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Koch, K" journalOrPublisher="Goecke & Evers Verlag, Krefeld" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B115" refString="Koch, K, 1989b. Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Oekologie (Vol. 2). Goecke & Evers Verlag, Krefeld" title="Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Oekologie (Vol. 2)." year="1989 b">Koch 1989b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The Canadian specimens were collected in a variety of habitats, mainly forests, and mainly in Malaise traps.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="comments">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Comments.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
|
|
The minute size distinguishes this species from all other Canadian species of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cantharidae" genus="Malthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Malthodes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Malthodes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
except for
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. parvulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="parvulus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">M. parvulus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(LeConte, 1851) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2421804" author="Fender, KM" journalOrPublisher="The American Midland Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="513 - 629" refId="B62" refString="Fender, KM, 1951. The Malthini of North America (Coleoptera-Cantharidae). The American Midland Naturalist 46: 513 - 629" title="The Malthini of North America (Coleoptera-Cantharidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2421804" volume="46" year="1951">Fender 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2014.25" author="Pelletier, GA" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 246" refId="B167" refString="Pelletier, GA, Hebert, C, 2014. The Cantharidae of Eastern Canada and Northeastern United States. Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification 25: 1 - 246" title="The Cantharidae of Eastern Canada and Northeastern United States." url="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2014.25" volume="25" year="2014">
|
|
Pelletier and
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hébert">Hebert</normalizedToken>
|
|
2014
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cantharidae" genus="Malthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Malthodes parvulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Malthodes parvulus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is paler, with the first two antennomeres, pronotum, elytra and legs yellow (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2014.25" author="Pelletier, GA" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 246" refId="B167" refString="Pelletier, GA, Hebert, C, 2014. The Cantharidae of Eastern Canada and Northeastern United States. Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification 25: 1 - 246" title="The Cantharidae of Eastern Canada and Northeastern United States." url="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2014.25" volume="25" year="2014">
|
|
Pelletier and
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hébert">Hebert</normalizedToken>
|
|
2014
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The structure of the terminal abdominal segments in males is also quite different between these species (see
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2421804" author="Fender, KM" journalOrPublisher="The American Midland Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="513 - 629" refId="B62" refString="Fender, KM, 1951. The Malthini of North America (Coleoptera-Cantharidae). The American Midland Naturalist 46: 513 - 629" title="The Malthini of North America (Coleoptera-Cantharidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2421804" volume="46" year="1951">Fender (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
or
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2014.25" author="Pelletier, GA" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 246" refId="B167" refString="Pelletier, GA, Hebert, C, 2014. The Cantharidae of Eastern Canada and Northeastern United States. Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification 25: 1 - 246" title="The Cantharidae of Eastern Canada and Northeastern United States." url="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2014.25" volume="25" year="2014">
|
|
Pelletier and
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hébert">Hebert</normalizedToken>
|
|
(2014)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
for figures of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. parvulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="parvulus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">M. parvulus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
). However, all morphologically examined Canadian specimens of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. pumilus" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="pumilus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">M. pumilus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
were females. It is probably a mainly parthenogenetic species, as males are rare in Europe as well (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Wittmer, W" editor="Freude, H" journalOrPublisher="Frey" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B209" refString="Wittmer, W, Freude, H, Harde, KW, Lohse, GA, 1979. Malthinini. In: FreudeHHardeKWLohseGA (Eds) Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Band 6.Goecke & Evers, Krefeld, 40-51." title="Malthinini. In: FreudeHHardeKWLohseGA (Eds) Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Band 6. Goecke & Evers, Krefeld, 40 - 51." year="1979">Wittmer 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The genitalia and modifications of the terminal abdominal segments of males are often crucial for morphological identification of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cantharidae" genus="Malthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Malthodes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Malthodes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2421804" author="Fender, KM" journalOrPublisher="The American Midland Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="513 - 629" refId="B62" refString="Fender, KM, 1951. The Malthini of North America (Coleoptera-Cantharidae). The American Midland Naturalist 46: 513 - 629" title="The Malthini of North America (Coleoptera-Cantharidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2421804" volume="46" year="1951">Fender 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Wittmer, W" journalOrPublisher="Frey" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="13 - 107" refId="B208" refString="Wittmer, W, 1970. Zur Kenntnis der Gattung Malthodes Kies. (Col., Cantharidae). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey 21: 13 - 107" title="Zur Kenntnis der Gattung Malthodes Kies. (Col., Cantharidae). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G." volume="21" year="1970">Wittmer 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The extreme scarcity of males for morphological diagnosis combined with the lack of recent taxonomic work on the genus in North America probably explains why
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. pumilus" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="pumilus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">M. pumilus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has remained undetected despite being apparently widespread and common across Canada.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |