162 lines
22 KiB
XML
162 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="CE2084EC723F91065D60ACFDFEC6C3CD" ID-DOI="10.14446/AMNP.2015.377" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13183659" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722607108405" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Koutecký, Vít & Sakala, Jakub" docDate="2015" docId="926C87D2FF91406EFF22FD66EEEF013C" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaMusNatPraSerB.71.3-4.377-398.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae Series B 71 (3 - 4)" docSource="https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/32b11679-9276-3100-8295-cb14d9c7928d/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:63483C499D9A2BE76998B4D5AD5DCB53.3:ActaMusNatPraSerB.2014-2015.journal_article" docStyleId="63483C499D9A2BE76998B4D5AD5DCB53" docStyleName="ActaMusNatPraSerB.2014-2015.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Taxodioxylon gypsaceum KRAUSEL" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="381" masterDocId="6E55FFAAFF95406AFFE3FFBEEB25090F" masterDocTitle="New Fossil Woods From The Paleogene Of Doupovské Hory And České Středohoří Mts. (Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic)" masterLastPageNumber="398" masterPageNumber="377" pageNumber="381" updateTime="1722657423976" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="A9087F73866D1919A1E082559C3B63A4">New Fossil Woods From The Paleogene Of Doupovské Hory And České Středohoří Mts. (Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1CB76B0EDA759A281E8672B0FC90A13C">Koutecký, Vít</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CBA7FC94B9887629C5B6E3681ADF551F">Sakala, Jakub</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8A3EB545A6D141495C1853D517FF8C8B">Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic; e-mails: koudasml @ post. cz, rade @ natur. cuni. cz</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F61D02C4EAC3EB2020297EE36741B70C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="00EFF68C605AE60BBBD72A867FC35AF8">Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae Series B</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1CE57C4DC679957ABE737D9925DCDAC0">
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<mods:date id="EE96E2C57C2225E79B55C21BCFF33839">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F95C48FB1F1DEE40BDD5CFCABAAC9664">2015-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D75A01AC273119D330955C113E54B3DA">71</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5455ED210AD0DA76F9C40D3A685B4AD5">3 - 4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="4BE474EC1E12CF6C40C3BF817C8C6366">377</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="7BA0367554686AC42C8B051FAFFBA4AF">398</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="40F0541DD853C7D84BF374212E4157AC">https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/32b11679-9276-3100-8295-cb14d9c7928d/</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="9C9D91668344B0AD6E6B07DC6AFD93C1">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5666A4043385CF0A2A1C9A507896576F" type="DOI">10.14446/AMNP.2015.377</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9A523D80DCCAA3DDFA6FF3413BAC28B8" type="ISSN">2533-4069</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B2C274150A1031AE40E006AC20EED82F" type="Zenodo-Dep">13183659</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="926C87D2FF91406EFF22FD66EEEF013C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:926C87D2FF91406EFF22FD66EEEF013C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/926C87D2FF91406EFF22FD66EEEF013C" lastPageNumber="381" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">
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<subSubSection id="52DF654FFF91406EFF22FD66E9A00A31" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1A7A36C4FF91406EFF22FD66E9270A00" blockId="4.[193,704,728,783]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">
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<heading id="413281A8FF91406EFF22FD66E9270A00" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="28B1EAD6FF91406EFF22FD66E9270A00" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">
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<taxonomicName id="DDC54D47FF91406EFF22FD66E9E50BE1" authority="(GOPPERT) KRAUSEL" authorityName="KRAUSEL" baseAuthorityName="GOPPERT" box="[193,704,728,751]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Taxodioxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gypsaceum">
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<emphasis id="28B1EAD6FF91406EFF22FD66EAF00BE0" bold="true" box="[193,469,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">Taxodioxylon gypsaceum</emphasis>
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(
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<smallCapsWord id="1C9CA018FF91406EFE07FD66E96F0BE1" baselines="745,745" box="[484,586,728,751]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Goppert" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">GÖPPERT</smallCapsWord>
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)
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<smallCapsWord id="1C9CA018FF91406EFDB9FD66E9E50BE1" baselines="745,745" box="[602,704,728,751]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Krausel" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">KRÄUSEL</smallCapsWord>
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</taxonomicName>
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(root wood)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A7A36C4FF91406EFF18FC96E9A00A31" blockId="4.[251,645,808,830]" box="[251,645,808,830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">
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Pl. 1, Fig. 1, Pl. 2, Fig. 6–9,
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<figureCitation id="82FE2A41FF91406EFDF9FC96E9A00A31" box="[538,645,808,830]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="4.[843,925,1282,1303]" captionTargetBox="[843,1482,152,1247]" captionTargetId="graphics-745@4.[843,1482,152,2162]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Text-fig. 7. Schema of radial section of T. gypsaceum (sample 98/04). t – tracheid, r – ray, bp – bordered pit, tp – taxodioid pit, cp – cupressoid pit." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13183667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13183667/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">Text-fig. 7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="52DF654FFF91406EFF62FCE8EEEF013C" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="1A7A36C4FF91406EFF62FCE8E8250A62" blockId="4.[129,768,854,877]" box="[129,768,854,877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">
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1971
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<emphasis id="28B1EAD6FF91406EFF02FCE8EA7A0A62" box="[225,351,854,877]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">Sequioxylon</emphasis>
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sp.; Prakash et al., pl. 32–34, fig. 10–25.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A7A36C4FF91406EFF45FC37EAF60AAF" blockId="4.[166,467,905,928]" box="[166,467,905,928]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">M a t e r i a l: Bečov 98/04.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A7A36C4FF91406EFF45FC02E9B40D1B" blockId="4.[129,768,956,1660]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">
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D e s c r i p t i o n. Growth rings distinct,
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<quantity id="DD3D9B21FF91406EFD9AFC02E8250ADC" box="[633,768,956,979]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.3 mm</quantity>
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wide, with earlywood zone distinctly wider than latewood; transition from earlywood to latewood is gradual.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A7A36C4FF91406EFF45FBA0EBC10C18" blockId="4.[129,768,956,1660]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">
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Tracheids: Outline polygonal to hexagonal. Radial diameter of earlywood tracheids 70–87–105 µm; radial diameter of latewood tracheids is 35–49–70 µm; tangential diameter of tracheids ranges from 23 to 63 µm; number of tracheids between two rays ranges from 1 to 12, most frequently 2 (Tab. 3). Pitting in radial tracheid walls biseriate to triseriate; bordered pits circular in outline (
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<figureCitation id="82FE2A41FF91406EFE0BFB5EE97B0DF8" box="[488,606,1248,1271]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="4.[843,925,1282,1303]" captionTargetBox="[843,1482,152,1247]" captionTargetId="graphics-745@4.[843,1482,152,2162]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Text-fig. 7. Schema of radial section of T. gypsaceum (sample 98/04). t – tracheid, r – ray, bp – bordered pit, tp – taxodioid pit, cp – cupressoid pit." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13183667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13183667/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">Text-fig. 7</figureCitation>
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), 10–17 µm in diameter.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="4EBA664CFF91406EFCA8FABCEF120C5E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13183667" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13183667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13183667/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" startId="4.[843,925,1282,1303]" targetBox="[843,1482,152,1247]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="1A7A36C4FF91406EFCA8FABCEF120C5E" blockId="4.[843,1482,1282,1361]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">
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Text-fig. 7. Schema of radial section of
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<taxonomicName id="DDC54D47FF91406EFB0BFABCEE540C18" box="[1256,1393,1282,1303]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Taxodioxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gypsaceum">
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<emphasis id="28B1EAD6FF91406EFB0BFABCEE540C18" bold="true" box="[1256,1393,1282,1303]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">T. gypsaceum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(sample 98/04). t – tracheid, r – ray, bp – bordered pit, tp – taxodioid pit, cp – cupressoid pit.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="1A7A36C4FF91406EFF45FA9FEAF80F34" blockId="4.[129,768,956,1660]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">Rays: Exclusively uniseriate, with very low (1–2 cells) average height. Total range of height between 1 and 5 cells (Text-fig. 6); 3–5 rays per tangential mm and 23–38 rays per square mm tangentially. Individual ray cells 21–42 µm high, horizontal and end walls thin and smooth (thickness of double wall: 3–6 µm horizontal and 3–9 tangential). Ray tracheids absent. Cross-fields pits taxodioid, occasionally cupressoid, 10–15 µm in diameter, 3–4 pits per cross-field arranged in 1–2 horizontal rows.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A7A36C4FF91406EFF45F9FAEBEB0F73" blockId="4.[129,768,956,1660]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">Axial parenchyma: Diffuse. Transverse walls not observed.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A7A36C4FF91406EFF45F926EA670EFC" blockId="4.[129,768,1688,2099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">
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D i s c u s s i o n. Generally, this wood shows features that are typical of
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<taxonomicName id="DDC54D47FF91406EFEA7F907E9DE0FDF" authority="(Krausel 1949)" baseAuthorityName="Krausel" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[324,763,1721,1744]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Taxodioxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gypsaceum">
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<emphasis id="28B1EAD6FF91406EFEA7F907E9750FDF" box="[324,592,1721,1744]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">Taxodioxylon gypsaceum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFDBCF907E9D60FDF" author="Krausel, R." box="[607,755,1721,1744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="83 - 203" refId="ref12506" refString="Krausel, R. (1949): Die fossilen Koniferen-Holzern (Unter Ausschluss von Araucarioxylon KRAUS). II. Teil. Kritische Untersuchungen zur Diagnostik lebender und fossiler Koniferen-Holzer. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 89: 83 - 203." type="journal article" year="1949">Kräusel 1949</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, but it presents also several differences from the previous wood
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<typeStatus id="C57E8866FF91406EFF22F947EBCA0E1F" box="[193,239,1785,1808]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">type</typeStatus>
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2, labelled
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<taxonomicName id="DDC54D47FF91406EFE8BF947EAD20E1F" baseAuthorityName="Krausel" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[360,503,1785,1808]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Taxodioxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gypsaceum">
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<emphasis id="28B1EAD6FF91406EFE8BF947EAD20E1F" box="[360,503,1785,1808]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">T. gypsaceum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(stem wood). Both
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<typeStatus id="C57E8866FF91406EFD24F947E9DA0E1F" box="[711,767,1785,1808]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">types</typeStatus>
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have opposite arrangement of bordered pits in radial tracheid walls, taxodioid and cupressoid pits in the cross-fields, similar diameter of the bordered pits, pits in cross-fields, and thin and smooth horizontal and end walls of the ray-parenchyma cells, but there is a difference in the transversal dimensions of the tracheids, and height of rays and individual ray-parenchyma cells.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A7A36C4FF91406EFF45F842EEEF013C" blockId="4.[129,768,1688,2099]" lastBlockId="4.[843,1482,1436,2099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">
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After comparing our fossil with those published earlier (e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFF58F7A2EAA7013C" author="Prakash, U. & Brezinova, D. & Buzek, C." box="[187,386,2076,2099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="103 - 128" refId="ref13243" refString="Prakash, U., Brezinova, D., Buzek, C. (1971): Fossil woods from the Doupovske hory and Ceske stredohori Mountains in Northern Bohemia. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 133 (4 - 6): 103 - 128." type="journal article" year="1971">Prakash et al. 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
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<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFE6FF7A2E900013C" author="Selmeier, A." box="[396,549,2076,2099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="109 - 126" refId="ref13960" refString="Selmeier, A. (1972): Verkieselte Sequoia-Holzer, Taxodioxylon gypsaceum (GOPP.) KRAUSEL, aus jungtertiaren Schichten Sudbayerns. - Berichte der Bayerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft, 43: 109 - 126." type="journal article" year="1972">Selmeier 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
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<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFDCCF7A2E9E8013C" author="Gottwald, H." box="[559,717,2076,2099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="27 - 103" refId="ref11625" refString="Gottwald, H. (1992): Holzer aus marinen Sanden des oberen Eozan von Helmstedt (Niedersachsen). - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 225 (1 - 3): 27 - 103." type="journal article" year="1992">Gottwald 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
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<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFD35F7A2EF5A0CBC" author="Van der Burgh, J. & Meijer, J. J. F." box="[726,1151,1436,2099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="373 - 378" refId="ref14730" refString="Van der Burgh, J., Meijer, J. J. F. (1996): Taxodioxylon gypsaceum and its botanical affinities. - Current sciences, 70 (2 - 3): 373 - 378." type="journal article" year="1996">Van der Burgh and Meijer 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
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<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFB6FFA22EEE30CBC" author="Teodoridis, V. & Sakala, J." box="[1164,1478,1436,1459]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="287 - 312" refId="ref14441" refString="Teodoridis, V., Sakala, J. (2008): Early Miocene conifer macrofossils from the Most Basin (Czech Republic). - Neues jahrbuch fur Geologie und Paleontologie, 250 (3): 287 - 312. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1127 / 0077 - 7749 / 2008 / 0250 - 0287" type="journal article" year="2008">Teodoridis and Sakala 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFCA8FA02E8D50CDC" author="Dolezych, M." box="[843,1008,1468,1491]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="25 - 46" refId="ref11276" refString="Dolezych, M. (2011): Taxodiaceous woods in Lusatia (Central Europe), including curiosities in their nomenclature and taxonomy, with a focus on Taxodioxylon. - Japanese Journal of Historical Botany, 11 (1 - 2): 25 - 46." type="journal article" year="2011">Dolezych 2011</bibRefCitation>
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||
), we think our wood is similar to
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<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFABBFA02E8B60CFC" author="Selmeier, A." pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="109 - 126" refId="ref13960" refString="Selmeier, A. (1972): Verkieselte Sequoia-Holzer, Taxodioxylon gypsaceum (GOPP.) KRAUSEL, aus jungtertiaren Schichten Sudbayerns. - Berichte der Bayerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft, 43: 109 - 126." type="journal article" year="1972">Selmeier’s (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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samples from Waldkirch (
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<collectingCountry id="62D27654FF91406EFB56FA62EE3A0CFC" box="[1205,1311,1500,1523]" name="Germany" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">Germany</collectingCountry>
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), except for the ray height. A similarity was also noted to
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<taxonomicName id="DDC54D47FF91406EFAF0FA42EEEF0F1C" box="[1299,1482,1532,1555]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Sequoioxylon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="28B1EAD6FF91406EFAF0FA42EE860F1C" box="[1299,1443,1532,1555]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">Sequoioxylon</emphasis>
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||
sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFCB1F9A2EF050F3C" author="Prakash, U. & Brezinova, D. & Buzek, C." box="[850,1056,1564,1587]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="103 - 128" refId="ref13243" refString="Prakash, U., Brezinova, D., Buzek, C. (1971): Fossil woods from the Doupovske hory and Ceske stredohori Mountains in Northern Bohemia. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 133 (4 - 6): 103 - 128." type="journal article" year="1971">Prakash et al. 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): tracheids are smaller in Prakash’s et al. specimen, but very low rays, bordered and cross-fields pits, and walls of the ray-parenchyma cells are similar. The authors described the tracheid outline as rounded, but the samples from Mikulovice have rather polygonal tracheid outline, as we can see in the published photos (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFB11F902EEE30FDC" author="Prakash, U. & Brezinova, D. & Buzek, C." box="[1266,1478,1724,1747]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="103 - 128" refId="ref13243" refString="Prakash, U., Brezinova, D., Buzek, C. (1971): Fossil woods from the Doupovske hory and Ceske stredohori Mountains in Northern Bohemia. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 133 (4 - 6): 103 - 128." type="journal article" year="1971">Prakash et al. 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 34, fig. 21 and 25). It is possible that these characteristics, which are different from the typical form
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DDC54D47FF91406EFAE9F942EEBE0E1C" baseAuthorityName="Krausel" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[1290,1435,1788,1811]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Taxodioxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gypsaceum">
|
||
<emphasis id="28B1EAD6FF91406EFAE9F942EEBE0E1C" box="[1290,1435,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">T. gypsaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are related to the anatomical variation of the wood. Therefore, we think both our wood and the material described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFCA8F8E2EF0F0E7C" author="Prakash, U. & Brezinova, D. & Buzek, C." box="[843,1066,1884,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="103 - 128" refId="ref13243" refString="Prakash, U., Brezinova, D., Buzek, C. (1971): Fossil woods from the Doupovske hory and Ceske stredohori Mountains in Northern Bohemia. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 133 (4 - 6): 103 - 128." type="journal article" year="1971">Prakash et al. (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
can be attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DDC54D47FF91406EFAEBF8E2EEBC0E7C" baseAuthorityName="Krausel" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[1288,1433,1884,1907]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Taxodioxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gypsaceum">
|
||
<emphasis id="28B1EAD6FF91406EFAEBF8E2EEBC0E7C" box="[1288,1433,1884,1907]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">T. gypsaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but they probably come from a root. As demonstrated by several authors (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFC0BF822EFCD0EBC" author="Bailey, I. W. & Faull, A." box="[1000,1256,1948,1971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="233 - 254" refId="ref10620" refString="Bailey, I. W., Faull, A. (1934): The cambium and its derivative tissues. IX. Structural variability in the redwood, Sequoia sempervirens, and its signicifance in the identifications of fossils woods. - Journal of Arnold arboretum, 15: 233 - 254." type="journal article" year="1934">Bailey and Faull 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFB14F822EEE30EBC" author="Falcon-Lang, H. L." box="[1271,1478,1948,1971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="171 - 183" refId="ref11501" refString="Falcon-Lang, H. L. (2005): Intra-tree variability in wood anatomy and its implications for fossil wood systematics and paleoclimatic studies. - Paleontology, 48 (1): 171 - 183. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1475 - 4983.2004.00429. x" type="journal article" year="2005">Falcon-Lang 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7E544B35FF91406EFCA8F802EF710EDC" author="Denne, P. & Gasson, P." box="[843,1108,1980,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" pagination="17 - 23" refId="ref11216" refString="Denne, P., Gasson, P. (2008): Ray structure in root - and - stem wood of Larix decidua: implications for root identification and function. - IAWA Journal, 29 (1): 17 - 23. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 22941932 - 90000166" type="journal article" year="2008">Denne and Gasson 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the tracheids in root wood are up to two times larger than in stem, also the rays are generally lower, and individual ray cells higher in the root than the stem. Broadly oval outlines of ray-cells in tangential section
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |