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<document id="9942280BD026FBB52A5B38AB46939567" ID-DOI="10.5070/P9401057774" ID-ISSN="0031-0298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913295" ID-ZooBank="11600574-2B0E-4C13-BC08-A3A5EF9EE562" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="operationResults" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1712167020321" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Groves, Lindsey &amp; Squires, Richard L." docDate="2023" docId="921FD94CFFD5FFA1FC6DF8B3FCEAFC14" docLanguage="en" docName="PaleoBios.40.10.1-52.pdf" docOrigin="PaleoBios 40 (10)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401057774" docStyle="DocumentStyle:76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81.3:PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81" docStyleName="PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Cypraeidae Rafinesque 1815" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="6E26A134FFD3FFA8FFA2FFBBFFCAFFE5" masterDocTitle="Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1727793805776" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:title id="465B4CE0AC4BD318E079347EEDF3F871">Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="52AC3BD1FFD5FFAEFC6DF8B3FAABF8C6" box="[975,1377,1800,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1A09685AFFD5FFAEFC6DF8B3FAABF8C6" blockId="6.[975,1377,1800,1827]" box="[975,1377,1800,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
<heading id="4141DF36FFD5FFAEFC6DF8B3FAABF8C6" allCaps="true" box="[975,1377,1800,1827]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD5FFAEFC6DF8B3FAABF8C6" ID-CoL="7NH4B" authority="RAFINESQUE, 1815" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[975,1377,1800,1827]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
CYPRAEIDAE 
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD5FFAEFBDEF8B3FAABF8C6" author="Rafinesque, C. S." box="[1148,1377,1800,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" refId="ref41363" refString="Rafinesque, C. S. 1815. Analyse de la Nature, ou Tableau de l'Univers de des Corps Organisees. Palermo, Bar- ravecchia, 224 pp." type="book" year="1815">RAFINESQUE, 1815</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A09685AFFD5FFAEFCC2F8F4FA3BF84A" blockId="6.[832,1521,1871,1968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD5FFAEFCC2F8F4FC30F88C" bold="true" box="[864,1018,1871,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Remarks—</emphasis>
These are the true cowries. Fossil cy- praeids are a notoriously difficult group to work on, especially as a vast majority of specimens have lost their
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A09685AFFD4FFAFFF37FF58FAB2F96E" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<table id="68B69AFAFFD40057FF37FF58FA41F968" box="[149,1419,227,1677]" gridcols="4" gridrows="38" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FF58FA41FF12" box="[149,1419,227,247]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FF58FDB8FF12" box="[149,626,227,247]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">TAXON</th>
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFF58FCD7FF12" box="[668,797,227,247]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFD0DFF58FCC0FF13" bold="true" box="[687,778,227,246]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">LOCATION</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFF58FB97FF12" box="[895,1117,227,247]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">NEP &quot;STAGE&quot;</th>
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFF58FA41FF12" box="[1224,1419,227,247]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFB79FF58FAB2FF13" bold="true" box="[1243,1400,227,246]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">STANDARD STAGE</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FEB2FA41FEF9" box="[149,1419,265,284]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FEB2FA41FEF9" box="[149,1419,265,284]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FEB2FEC2FEF9" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[149,264,265,284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FEB2FEC2FEF9" bold="true" box="[149,264,265,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">CYPRAEIDAE</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FE95FA41FEA6" box="[149,1419,302,323]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FE95FDB8FEA6" box="[149,626,302,323]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FE95FEA3FEA7" box="[149,361,302,322]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Nucleolaria cowlitziana</emphasis>
Groves, 1994
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFE95FCD7FEA6" box="[668,797,302,323]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD6FFE94FD26FEA7" authority="Groves, 1994 WA" authorityName="Groves" authorityYear="1994" box="[717,748,303,322]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Nucleolaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cowlitziana">WA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFE95FB97FEA6" box="[895,1117,302,323]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">upper &quot;Tejon&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFE95FA41FEA6" box="[1224,1419,302,323]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">upper Bartonian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FEEFFA41FE8D" box="[149,1419,340,360]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FEEFFDB8FE8D" box="[149,626,340,360]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FEEFFEA7FE8D" box="[149,365,340,360]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Propustularia kemperae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFEDAFEEEFE39FE8D" author="Nelson, R. N." box="[376,499,341,360]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="397 - 466" refId="ref39989" refString="Nelson, R. N. 1925. A contribution to the paleontology of the Martinez Eocene of California. University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 15 (11): 397 - 466, pls. 49 - 61." type="journal article" year="1925">Nelson, 1925</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFEEFFCD7FE8D" box="[668,797,340,360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD61FEEEFD3CFE8D" authority="(Nelson, 1925) So CA" authorityName="So CA" baseAuthorityName="Nelson" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[707,758,341,360]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Propustularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kemperae">So CA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFEEFFB97FE8D" box="[895,1117,340,360]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Martinez&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFEEFFA41FE8D" box="[1224,1419,340,360]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Selandian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FEC0FA41FE6A" box="[149,1419,379,399]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FEC0FDB8FE6A" box="[149,626,379,399]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FEC0FEAFFE6A" box="[149,357,379,399]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Subepona goedertorum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFED2FEC0FD90FE6B" author="Groves, L. T. &amp; R. L. Squires" box="[368,602,379,398]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="113 - 116" refId="ref38438" refString="Groves, L. T. and R. L. Squires. 1995. First report of the ge- nus Proadusta Sacco, 1894 (Gastropoda: Cypraeidae) from the Western Hemisphere, with a description of a new species from the Eocene of Washington. The Nautilus 109 (4): 113 - 116, figs. 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1995">Groves and Squires, 1995</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFEC0FCD7FE6A" box="[668,797,379,399]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD0DFEC0FCC1FE6B" authority="(Groves and Squires, 1995) WA, So CA" authorityName="WA, So CA" baseAuthorityName="Groves and Squires" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[687,779,379,398]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Subepona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="goedertorum">WA, So CA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFEC0FB97FE6A" box="[895,1117,379,399]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Capay&quot; to &quot;Domengine&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFEC0FA41FE6A" box="[1224,1419,379,399]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">mid to up Ypresian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FE1BFA41FE50" box="[149,1419,416,437]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FE1BFDB8FE50" box="[149,626,416,437]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FE1AFE2AFE51" authority="Squires and Groves" authorityName="Squires and Groves" authorityYear="2023" box="[149,480,416,437]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Subepona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="leahae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FE1AFEE6FE51" box="[149,300,416,437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Subepona leahae</emphasis>
Squires and Groves
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="33F10933FFD4FFAFFE4AFE1AFDDDFE51" box="[488,535,417,436]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFE1BFCD7FE50" box="[668,797,416,437]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">So CA</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFE1BFB97FE50" box="[895,1117,416,437]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Domengine&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFE1BFA41FE50" box="[1224,1419,416,437]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">up. Ypres.-low. Lut.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FE7CFA41FE3E" box="[149,1419,455,475]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FE7CFDB8FE3E" box="[149,626,455,475]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FE7CFEEEFE3E" box="[149,292,455,475]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Bernaya grovesi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFE8BFE7CFDF8FE3F" author="Squires, R. L. &amp; R. A. Demetrion" box="[297,562,455,474]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 55" refId="ref43379" refString="Squires, R. L. and R. A. Demetrion. 1992. Paleontology of the Eocene Bateque Formation, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 434: 1 - 55, figs. 1 - 144." type="journal article" year="1992">Squires and Demetrion, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFE7CFCD7FE3E" box="[668,797,455,475]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD00FE7CFD0FFE3F" authority="Squires and Demetrion, 1992 WA" authorityName="Squires and Demetrion" authorityYear="1992" box="[674,709,455,474]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Bernaya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grovesi">WA</taxonomicName>
?, BC Méx
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFE7CFB97FE3E" box="[895,1117,455,475]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Capay&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFE7CFA41FE3E" box="[1224,1419,455,475]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">middle Ypresian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FE56FA41FDE4" box="[149,1419,493,513]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FE56FDB8FDE4" box="[149,626,493,513]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FE56FE2EFDE5" authority="Squires and Groves" authorityName="Squires and Groves" authorityYear="2023" box="[149,484,493,513]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Bernaya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kaylinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FE56FEFAFDE4" box="[149,304,493,513]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Bernaya kaylinae</emphasis>
Squires and Groves
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="33F10933FFD4FFAFFE49FE56FDD1FDE5" box="[491,539,493,512]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFE56FCD7FDE4" box="[668,797,493,513]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">So CA</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFE56FB97FDE4" box="[895,1117,493,513]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Domengine&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFE56FA41FDE4" box="[1224,1419,493,513]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">up. Ypres.-low. Lut.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FDA9FA41FDC2" box="[149,1419,530,551]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FDA9FDB8FDC2" box="[149,626,530,551]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FDA8FEE0FDC3" box="[149,298,530,551]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Bernaya squiresi</emphasis>
Groves, 2011
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFDA9FCD7FDC2" box="[668,797,530,551]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD6FFDA8FD26FDC3" authority="Groves, 2011 WA" authorityName="Groves" authorityYear="2011" box="[717,748,531,550]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Bernaya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="squiresi">WA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFDA9FB97FDC2" box="[895,1117,530,551]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Capay&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFDA9FA41FDC2" box="[1224,1419,530,551]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">middle Ypresian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FD82FA41FDA8" box="[149,1419,569,589]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FD82FDB8FDA8" box="[149,626,569,589]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FD82FF35FDA9" box="[149,255,569,589]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Bernaya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FD82FF2AFDA8" box="[149,224,569,589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Bernaya</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFD82FCD7FDA8" box="[668,797,569,589]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">No CA</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFD82FB97FDA8" box="[895,1117,569,589]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Martinez&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFD82FA41FDA8" box="[1224,1419,569,589]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Thanetian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FDE5FA41FD96" box="[149,1419,606,627]" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FDE5FDB8FD96" box="[149,626,606,627]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FDE4FE32FD97" authority="(Nelson, 1925)" authorityName="Groves &amp; Squires" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Nelson" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[149,504,606,627]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Protocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="simiensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FDE4FEC7FD96" box="[149,269,607,627]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Protocypraea</emphasis>
? 
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFEB9FDE5FEA1FD97" box="[283,363,606,626]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">simiensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFED4FDE4FE3BFD97" author="Nelson, R. N." box="[374,497,607,626]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="397 - 466" refId="ref39989" refString="Nelson, R. N. 1925. A contribution to the paleontology of the Martinez Eocene of California. University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 15 (11): 397 - 466, pls. 49 - 61." type="journal article" year="1925">Nelson, 1925</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="33F10933FFD4FFAFFE5EFDE4FD83FD97" box="[508,585,607,626]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFDE5FCD7FD96" box="[668,797,606,627]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">So CA</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFDE5FB97FD96" box="[895,1117,606,627]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Martinez&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFDE5FA41FD96" box="[1224,1419,606,627]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Thanetian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FD3EFA41FD7C" box="[149,1419,645,665]" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FD3EFDB8FD7C" box="[149,626,645,665]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FD3EFEC7FD7C" authorityName="SCHILDER" authorityYear="1927" box="[149,269,645,665]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Protocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FD3EFEC7FD7C" box="[149,269,645,665]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Protocypraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
? sp. 1
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFD3EFCD7FD7C" box="[668,797,645,665]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Van Is</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFD3EFB97FD7C" box="[895,1117,645,665]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Martinez&quot;?</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFD3EFA41FD7C" box="[1224,1419,645,665]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Thanetian?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FD11FA41FD5A" box="[149,1419,682,703]" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FD11FDB8FD5A" box="[149,626,682,703]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FD10FEC7FD5A" authorityName="SCHILDER" authorityYear="1927" box="[149,269,683,703]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Protocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FD10FEC7FD5A" box="[149,269,683,703]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Protocypraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
? sp. 2
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFD11FCD7FD5A" box="[668,797,682,703]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">No CA</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFD11FB97FD5A" box="[895,1117,682,703]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Martinez&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFD11FA41FD5A" box="[1224,1419,682,703]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Thanetian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FD74FA41FD00" box="[149,1419,719,741]" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FD74FDB8FD00" box="[149,626,719,741]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FD6AFED9FD06" box="[149,275,719,741]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Gisortia clarki</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFEBAFD6AFE58FD01" author="Ingram, W. M." box="[280,402,721,740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="376 - 377" refId="ref39018" refString="Ingram, W. M. 1940. A new Gisortia. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 39 (9): 376 - 377, fig. 1." type="journal article" year="1940">Ingram, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFD74FCD7FD00" box="[668,797,719,741]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD02FD6AFCDBFD01" authority="Ingram, 1940 CA, BCS Mex" authorityName="Ingram" authorityYear="1940" box="[672,785,721,740]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Gisortia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clarki">CA, BCS Méx</taxonomicName>
?
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFD74FB97FD00" box="[895,1117,719,741]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Capay&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFD74FA41FD00" box="[1224,1419,719,741]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">middle Ypresian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FD4EFA41FCEE" box="[149,1419,757,779]" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FD4EFDB8FCEE" box="[149,626,757,779]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FD4CFF33FCEC" box="[149,249,757,779]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Gisortia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FD4CFF11FCEE" box="[149,219,759,779]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Gisortia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFD4EFCD7FCEE" box="[668,797,757,779]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">So CA</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFD4EFB97FCEE" box="[895,1117,757,779]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Capay&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFD4EFA41FCEE" box="[1224,1419,757,779]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">middle Ypresian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FCA7FA41FCD5" box="[149,1419,796,816]" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FCA7FDB8FCD5" box="[149,626,796,816]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FCA7FF36FCCA" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[149,252,796,815]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Cypraeidae</taxonomicName>
, gen. and sp. indeterminate
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFCA7FCD7FCD5" box="[668,797,796,816]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Mid CA</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFCA7FB97FCD5" box="[895,1117,796,816]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Martinez&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFCA7FA41FCD5" box="[1224,1419,796,816]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Thanetian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FCF9FA41FCB0" box="[149,1419,834,853]" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FCF9FA41FCB0" box="[149,1419,834,853]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FCF9FEEAFCB0" authorityName="Schilder" authorityYear="1924" box="[149,288,834,853]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FCF9FEEAFCB0" bold="true" box="[149,288,834,853]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">EOCYPRAEIDAE</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FCDCFA41FC99" box="[149,1419,871,892]" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FCDCFDB8FC99" box="[149,626,871,892]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FCD3FEABFC9E" box="[149,353,871,892]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Eocypraea batequensis</emphasis>
Groves, 2011
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFCDCFCD7FC99" box="[668,797,871,892]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD14FCD3FCCEFC9E" authority="Groves, 2011 BCS Mex" authorityName="Groves" authorityYear="2011" box="[694,772,872,891]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Eocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="batequensis">BCS Méx</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFCDCFB97FC99" box="[895,1117,871,892]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Capay&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFCDCFA41FC99" box="[1224,1419,871,892]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">middle Ypresian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FC36FA41FC47" box="[149,1419,909,930]" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FC36FDB8FC47" box="[149,626,909,930]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FC35FEA6FC44" box="[149,364,909,930]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Eocypraea crescentensis</emphasis>
Groves, 2011
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFC36FCD7FC47" box="[668,797,909,930]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD6FFC35FD26FC44" authority="Groves, 2011 WA" authorityName="Groves" authorityYear="2011" box="[717,748,910,929]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Eocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crescentensis">WA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFC36FB97FC47" box="[895,1117,909,930]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Capay&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFC36FA41FC47" box="[1224,1419,909,930]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">middle Ypresian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FC0FFA41FC2D" box="[149,1419,948,968]" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FC0FFDB8FC2D" box="[149,626,948,968]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FC0FFEADFC2D" box="[149,359,948,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Eocypraea jimgoerderti</emphasis>
Groves, 2011
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFC0FFCD7FC2D" box="[668,797,948,968]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD6FFC0FFD26FC22" authority="Groves, 2011 WA" authorityName="Groves" authorityYear="2011" box="[717,748,948,967]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Eocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jimgoerderti">WA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFC0FFB97FC2D" box="[895,1117,948,968]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Trans.&quot; to &quot;Tejon&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFC0FFA41FC2D" box="[1224,1419,948,968]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">middle Lutetian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FC61FA41FC0B" box="[149,1419,986,1006]" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FC61FDB8FC0B" box="[149,626,986,1006]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FC61FDEDFC08" authority="Squires and Groves" authorityName="Squires and Groves" authorityYear="2023" box="[149,551,986,1006]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Eocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="judithsmithae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FC61FEB9FC0B" box="[149,371,986,1006]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Eocypraea judithsmithae</emphasis>
Squires and Groves
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="33F10933FFD4FFAFFD8DFC61FD94FC08" box="[559,606,986,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFC61FCD7FC0B" box="[668,797,986,1006]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">So to mid CA</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFC61FB97FC0B" box="[895,1117,986,1006]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Domengine.&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFC61FA41FC0B" box="[1224,1419,986,1006]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">up. Ypres.-low. Lut.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FC44FA41FBF1" box="[149,1419,1023,1044]" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FC44FDB8FBF1" box="[149,626,1023,1044]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FBBBFEAEFBF6" box="[149,356,1023,1044]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Eocypraea novasumma</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFECCFBBBFE20FBF6" author="Nelson, R. N." box="[366,490,1024,1043]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="397 - 466" refId="ref39989" refString="Nelson, R. N. 1925. A contribution to the paleontology of the Martinez Eocene of California. University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 15 (11): 397 - 466, pls. 49 - 61." type="journal article" year="1925">Nelson, 1925</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFC44FCD7FBF1" box="[668,797,1023,1044]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD3EFBBBFCD7FBF6" authority="(Nelson, 1925) So CA, BC Mex" authorityName="So CA, BC Mex" baseAuthorityName="Nelson" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[668,797,1024,1043]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Eocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="novasumma">So CA, BC Méx</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFC44FB97FBF1" box="[895,1117,1023,1044]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Martinez&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFC44FA41FBF1" box="[1224,1419,1023,1044]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Selandian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FB9EFA41FBDF" box="[149,1419,1061,1082]" gridrow="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FB9EFDB8FBDF" box="[149,626,1061,1082]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FB9DFEADFBDC" box="[149,359,1061,1082]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Eocypraea takeosusukii</emphasis>
Groves, 2011
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFB9EFCD7FBDF" box="[668,797,1061,1082]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD63FB9DFD32FBDC" authority="Groves, 2011 No CA" authorityName="Groves" authorityYear="2011" box="[705,760,1062,1081]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Eocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="takeosusukii">No CA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFB9EFB97FBDF" box="[895,1117,1061,1082]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Martinez&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFB9EFA41FBDF" box="[1224,1419,1061,1082]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Thanetian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FBF7FA41FB85" box="[149,1419,1100,1120]" gridrow="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FBF7FDB8FB85" box="[149,626,1100,1120]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FBF7FED8FBBA" box="[149,274,1100,1120]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Eocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FBF7FF39FB85" box="[149,243,1100,1120]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Eocypraea</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
cf. 
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFE8DFBF7FEB5FBBA" box="[303,383,1100,1119]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">E. inflata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFE2BFBF7FDDFFBBA" author="Lamarck, J. B." box="[393,533,1100,1119]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="214 - 218" refId="ref39305" refString="Lamarck, J. B. 1802 - 1805. Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant la determination des especes qui appartiennent aux animaux marins sans vertebres, et dont la plupart sont figures dans la collection des velins du museum. Annales du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 1: 383 - 391 [1802], 6: 214 - 218, pls. 1 - 4 [1805]." type="journal article" year="1802">Lamarck, 1802</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFBF7FCD7FB85" box="[668,797,1100,1120]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD61FBF7FD3CFBBA" authority="(Lamarck, 1802) So CA" authorityName="So CA" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[707,758,1100,1119]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Eocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inflata">So CA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFBF7FB97FB85" box="[895,1117,1100,1120]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Domengine&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFBF7FA41FB85" box="[1224,1419,1100,1120]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">upper Ypresian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FBC9FA41FB63" box="[149,1419,1138,1158]" gridrow="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FBC9FDB8FB63" box="[149,626,1138,1158]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FBC9FED8FB60" box="[149,274,1138,1158]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Eocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FBC9FF39FB63" box="[149,243,1138,1158]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Eocypraea</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFBC9FCD7FB63" box="[668,797,1138,1158]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Mid CA</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFBC9FB97FB63" box="[895,1117,1138,1158]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Martinez&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFBC9FA41FB63" box="[1224,1419,1138,1158]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Thanetian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FB2CFA41FB49" box="[149,1419,1175,1196]" gridrow="25" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FB2CFDB8FB49" box="[149,626,1175,1196]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FB23FE83FB4E" baseAuthorityName="Stewart" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[149,329,1175,1196]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Grovesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="castacensis">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FB23FE83FB4E" box="[149,329,1175,1196]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Grovesia castacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFEF6FB23FE1FFB4E" author="Stewart, R. B." box="[340,469,1176,1195]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="287 - 447" refId="ref43915" refString="Stewart, R. B. 1926 [1927]. Gabb's California fossil type gastropods. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 78: 287 - 447, pls. 20 - 32." type="journal article" year="1926">Stewart, 1926</bibRefCitation>
[1927]) n. comb.
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFB2CFCD7FB49" box="[668,797,1175,1196]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">WA, So CA</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFB2CFB97FB49" box="[895,1117,1175,1196]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">mid &quot;Tejon&quot; to Galvinian</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFB2CFA41FB49" box="[1224,1419,1175,1196]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Barton.-Priabonian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FB07FA41FB37" box="[149,1419,1212,1234]" gridrow="26" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FB07FDB8FB37" box="[149,626,1212,1234]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FB05FE92FB35" box="[149,344,1212,1234]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Grovesia mathewsonii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFEC1FB06FE04FB35" author="Gabb, W. M." box="[355,462,1213,1232]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="39 - 63" refId="ref37406" refString="Gabb, W. M. 1869. Tertiary invertebrate fossils (contin- ued). Geological Survey of California, Palaeontology 2 (2): 39 - 63, pls. 14 - 18." type="journal article" year="1869">Gabb, 1869</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFB07FCD7FB37" box="[668,797,1212,1234]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD3EFB05FCD7FB34" authority="(Gabb, 1869) WA, OR, So CA" authorityName="WA, OR, So CA" baseAuthorityName="Gabb" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[668,797,1214,1233]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Grovesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mathewsonii">WA, OR, So CA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFB07FB97FB37" box="[895,1117,1212,1234]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Domeng.&quot; to Galvinian</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFB07FA41FB37" box="[1224,1419,1212,1234]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">up. Ypres.-Priabonian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FB59FA41FAF5" box="[149,1419,1250,1296]" gridrow="27" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FB59FDB8FAF5" box="[149,626,1250,1296]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FB59FE4EFB13" box="[149,388,1250,1270]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Luponovula maniobraensis</emphasis>
(Squires &amp; Advocate, 1986) 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="33F10933FFD4FFAFFF73FB46FED4FAF5" box="[209,286,1277,1296]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFB59FCD7FAF5" box="[668,797,1250,1296]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD61FB5FFD3CFB12" authority="(Squires &amp; Advocate, So CA 1986)" authorityName="Groves &amp; Squires" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Squires &amp; Advocate, So CA" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[707,758,1252,1271]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Luponovula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maniobraensis" status="comb. nov.">So CA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFB59FB97FAF5" box="[895,1117,1250,1296]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Capay&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFB59FA41FAF5" box="[1224,1419,1250,1296]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">middle Ypresian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FA98FA41FAD3" box="[149,1419,1315,1334]" gridrow="28" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FA98FA41FAD3" box="[149,1419,1315,1334]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FA98FEE4FAD3" bold="true" box="[149,302,1315,1334]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">PEDICULARIINAE</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FAF2FA41FAB8" box="[149,1419,1353,1373]" gridrow="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FAF2FDB8FAB8" box="[149,626,1353,1373]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FAF2FEC5FAB9" box="[149,271,1353,1373]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pediculariidae" genus="Cypraedia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FAF2FF25FAB8" box="[149,239,1353,1373]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Cypraedia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFAF2FCD7FAB8" box="[668,797,1353,1373]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">BCS Méx</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFAF2FB97FAB8" box="[895,1117,1353,1373]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Capay&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFAF2FA41FAB8" box="[1224,1419,1353,1373]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">middle Ypresian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FAD5FA41FA66" box="[149,1419,1390,1411]" gridrow="30" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FAD5FDB8FA66" box="[149,626,1390,1411]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FAD4FE46FA67" box="[149,396,1390,1411]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Cypraeogemmula warnerae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFE33FAD4FDC5FA67" author="Effinger, W. L." box="[401,527,1391,1410]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="355 - 390" refId="ref36924" refString="Effinger, W. L. 1938. The Gries Ranch fauna (Oligocene) of western Washington. Journal of Paleontology 12 (4): 355 - 390, pls. 45 - 47." type="journal article" year="1938">Effinger, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFAD5FCD7FA66" box="[668,797,1390,1411]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD6FFAD4FD24FA67" authority="Effinger, 1938 WA" authorityName="Effinger" authorityYear="1938" box="[717,750,1391,1410]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pediculariidae" genus="Cypraeogemmula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="warnerae">WA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFAD5FB97FA66" box="[895,1117,1390,1411]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Capay&quot; to Galvinian</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFAD5FA41FA66" box="[1224,1419,1390,1411]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">up. Ypres.-Priabon.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FA2EFA41FA4D" box="[149,1419,1429,1448]" gridrow="31" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FA2EFA41FA4D" box="[149,1419,1429,1448]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF37FA2EFF37FA4D" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1871" box="[149,253,1429,1448]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eratoidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FA2EFF37FA4D" bold="true" box="[149,253,1429,1448]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">ERATOIDAE</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FA01FA41FA2B" box="[149,1419,1466,1486]" gridrow="32" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FA01FDB8FA2B" box="[149,626,1466,1486]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FA01FEBAFA2B" box="[149,368,1466,1486]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Eratotrivia crescentensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFED9FA00FDACFA2B" author="Weaver, C. E. &amp; K. V. W. Palmer" box="[379,614,1467,1486]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref44532" refString="Weaver, C. E., and K. V. W. Palmer. 1922. Fauna from the Eocene of Washington. University of Washington Publications in Geology 1 (3): 1 - 56, pls. 8 - 12." type="journal article" year="1922">Weaver and Palmer, 1922</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EFA01FCD7FA2B" box="[668,797,1466,1486]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD6FFA00FD26FA2B" authority="(Weaver and Palmer, 1922) WA" authorityName="WA" baseAuthorityName="Weaver and Palmer" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[717,748,1467,1486]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eratoidae" genus="Eratotrivia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crescentensis">WA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDFA01FB97FA2B" box="[895,1117,1466,1486]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Capay&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AFA01FA41FA2B" box="[1224,1419,1466,1486]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">middle Ypresian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37FA64FA41FA11" box="[149,1419,1503,1524]" gridrow="33" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37FA64FA41FA11" box="[149,1419,1503,1524]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37FA64FED6FA11" bold="true" box="[149,284,1503,1524]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">NOMINA DUBIA</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37F9BEFA41F9FE" box="[149,1419,1541,1563]" gridrow="34" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37F9BEFDB8F9FE" box="[149,626,1541,1563]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37F9BCFF50F9FE" box="[149,154,1543,1563]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFF39F9BCFE37F9FC" authority="(Anderson, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Anderson" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[155,509,1541,1563]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Bernaya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fresnoensis">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF39F9BCFE9DF9FC" box="[155,343,1541,1563]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Bernaya&quot; fresnoensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFEC0F9BDFE3DF9FC" author="Anderson, F. M." box="[354,503,1542,1561]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="155 - 248" refId="ref35053" refString="Anderson, F. M. 1905. A stratigraphic study in the Mount Diablo Range of California. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 3, 2 (2): 155 - 248, pls. 13 - 35." type="journal article" year="1905">Anderson, 1905</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EF9BEFCD7F9FE" box="[668,797,1541,1563]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">mid CA</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDF9BEFB97F9FE" box="[895,1117,1541,1563]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Domengine&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AF9BEFA41F9FE" box="[1224,1419,1541,1563]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">up. Ypres.-low. Lut.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37F997FA41F9A4" box="[149,1419,1580,1601]" gridrow="35" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37F997FDB8F9A4" box="[149,626,1580,1601]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF37F996FF50F9A4" box="[149,154,1581,1601]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;</emphasis>
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF39F996FEAAF9A4" box="[155,352,1581,1601]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Eocypraea&quot; bayerquei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFEC9F997FE1CF9DA" author="Gabb, W. M." box="[363,470,1580,1599]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="55 - 217" refId="ref37370" refString="Gabb, W. M. 1864. Description of the Cretaceous fos- sils. Geological Survey of California, Palaeontology 1 (4): 55 - 217, pls. 9 - 32." type="journal article" year="1864">Gabb, 1864</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EF997FCD7F9A4" box="[668,797,1580,1601]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD63F996FD32F9A5" authority="(Gabb, 1864) No CA" authorityName="No CA" baseAuthorityName="Gabb" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[705,760,1581,1600]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Eocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bayerquei">No CA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDF997FB97F9A4" box="[895,1117,1580,1601]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Martinez?</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AF997FA41F9A4" box="[1224,1419,1580,1601]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Paleocene</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37F9EAFA41F982" box="[149,1419,1617,1639]" gridrow="36" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37F9EAFDB8F982" box="[149,626,1617,1639]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
&quot; 
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF3CF9E8FEB4F980" box="[158,382,1617,1639]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Sphaerocypraea&quot; martini</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFE2BF9E9FDEBF980" author="Dickerson, R. E." box="[393,545,1618,1637]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="61 - 180" refId="ref36244" refString="Dickerson, R. E. 1914. Fauna of the Martinez Eocene of California. University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geology 8 (6): 61 - 180, pls. 6 - 18." type="journal article" year="1914">Dickerson, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EF9EAFCD7F982" box="[668,797,1617,1639]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD63F9E8FD32F980" authority="(Dickerson, 1914) No CA" authorityName="No CA" baseAuthorityName="Dickerson" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[705,760,1618,1638]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Sphaerocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="martini">No CA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDF9EAFB97F982" box="[895,1117,1617,1639]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">&quot;Martinez&quot;</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AF9EAFA41F982" box="[1224,1419,1617,1639]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Thanetian</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A4866A18FFD40057FF37F9CCFA41F968" box="[149,1419,1655,1677]" gridrow="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<th id="E7570364FFD40057FF37F9CCFDB8F968" box="[149,626,1655,1677]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
&quot; 
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFF3CF9C2FE42F96E" box="[158,392,1655,1677]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Sulcocypraea&quot; oakvillensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFE30F9C3FDFCF96E" author="Van Winkle, K. E. H." box="[402,566,1656,1675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="69 - 97" refId="ref44133" refString="Van Winkle, K. E. H. 1918. Paleontology of the Oligocene of the Chehalis Valley, Washington. University of Washington Publications in Geology 1 (2): 69 - 97, pls. 6 - 7." type="journal article" year="1918">Van Winkle, 1918</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FD3EF9CCFCD7F968" box="[668,797,1655,1677]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFD4FFAFFD6FF9C3FD26F96E" authority="(Van Winkle, 1918) WA" authorityName="WA" baseAuthorityName="Van Winkle" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[717,748,1656,1675]" class="Gastropoda" family="Eocypraeidae" genus="Sulcocypraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oakvillensis">WA</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FCDDF9CCFB97F968" box="[895,1117,1655,1677]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">lower Galvinian</td>
<td id="E7570364FFD40057FB6AF9CCFA41F968" box="[1224,1419,1655,1677]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">lower Priabonian</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="28C2B448FFD4FFAFFFD2F96FFF12F90B" bold="true" box="[112,216,1748,1774]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Table 1.</emphasis>
Paleogene cypraeoideans from NEP, with author(s), families, subfamilies, geographic distribution, and stage range. Taxa arranged following 
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFD4FFAFFDE2F943FD3EF8F7" author="Lorenz, F." box="[576,756,1784,1810]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" refId="ref39506" refString="Lorenz, F. 2017. Cowries. A guide to the gastropod family Cypraeidae. Volume 1. Biology and Systematics. Conch- Books, Harxheim, Germany. 644 pp., numerous figures." type="book" year="2017">Lorenz (2017)</bibRefCitation>
and 
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and listed alphabetically under each genus. Van Is=Vancouver Island, British Columbia, WA=Washington, OR=Oregon, CA=California, BCS Méx= 
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, 
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. No=North, So=South, mid=middle, n. comb.=new combination, n. sp.=new species, sp.=species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="4EC938D2FFDAFFA1FFD2FF78FC64FCD6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13869592" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13869592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13869592/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" startId="9.[112,199,195,221]" targetBox="[125,1471,206,1930]" targetPageId="8">
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<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FFD2FF78FDCAFF38" bold="true" box="[112,512,194,221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Figure 4 (previous page). A–C.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DDB613D9FFDAFFA1FDA4FF7AFC12FF38" authority="Groves, 1994" authorityName="Groves" authorityYear="1994" box="[518,984,193,221]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Nucleolaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cowlitzensis">
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FDA4FF7AFCE4FF38" box="[518,814,193,221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Nucleolaria cowlitzensis</emphasis>
Groves, 1994
</taxonomicName>
, Cowlitz Formation (middle Eocene, upper “Tejon Stage”), Vader area, south-central Lewis County, 
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. Basal (
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), dorsal (
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), and left (columellar) side (
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FF17FEB2FF0CFEC6" bold="true" box="[181,198,265,291]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">C</emphasis>
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, of 
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39837, 
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Locality D-8040. 
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FF79FE96FED0FEA2" bold="true" box="[219,282,301,327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">D–H.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FE82FE90FD82FEA2" box="[288,584,299,327]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Propustularia kemperae</emphasis>
(
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)
</taxonomicName>
, Santa Susana Formation, (Paleocene, Selandian Stage), north side Simi Hills, Ventura County, southern 
<collectingRegion id="D872A6B8FFDAFFA1FD1CFEEBFCF1FE8F" box="[702,827,336,362]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">California</collectingRegion>
. Basal (
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), dorsal (
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FB84FEEBFBFDFE8F" bold="true" box="[1062,1079,336,362]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">E</emphasis>
), and right (labral) side (
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FAD3FEEBFA4BFE8F" bold="true" box="[1393,1409,336,362]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">F</emphasis>
), and views, 2.2x, length 
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, width 17.3, height 
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, of 
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391.01 [
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987], Locality 
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391. Dorsal (
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, width 14.9, height 
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, of hypotype 
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22307.6, 
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Type 14918 (
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Locality 22307). Basal (
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) view, 2.2x, length 
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, of 
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30541, 
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Locality 3764. 
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FD88FE66FD97FE12" bold="true" box="[554,605,477,503]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">I–N.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FDC6FE66FC48FE1C" box="[612,898,477,505]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Subepona goedertorum</emphasis>
(
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)
</taxonomicName>
, Crescent Forma- tion (Eocene, “Capay Stage”), Black Hills, 
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, 
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. 
<collectingMunicipality id="FA6DF220FFDAFFA1FC4CFDBBFBFBFDFF" box="[1006,1073,512,538]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Basal</collectingMunicipality>
(
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FBE1FDBBFB87FDFF" bold="true" box="[1091,1101,512,538]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">I</emphasis>
), dorsal (
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FB67FDBBFB05FDFF" bold="true" box="[1221,1231,512,538]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">J</emphasis>
), left (columellar) lateral (
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FF70FD98FF2CFDD8" bold="true" box="[210,230,547,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">K</emphasis>
), and right (labral) (
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FE44FD98FE3CFDD8" bold="true" box="[486,502,547,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">L</emphasis>
) views, 2.8x, length 
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, width 12.3, height 
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, of 
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, 
<collectionCode id="7CA7F09FFFDAFFA1FF56FDFDFE92FD85" box="[244,344,582,608]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">LACMIP</collectionCode>
<location id="1F693E81FFDAFFA1FEFDFDFCFE57FD84" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:921FD94CFFD5FFA1FC6DF8B3FCEAFC14:1F693E81FFDAFFA1FEFDFDFCFE57FD84" box="[351,413,583,609]" county="Thurston County" municipality="Basal" name="Type" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Washington">Type</location>
12375, 
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16655 [= 
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Locality 41563; 
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FBD9FDFEFB5FFD84" box="[1147,1173,581,609]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">ex</emphasis>
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Locality 1563]. 
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FA08FDFDFA26FD85" bold="true" box="[1450,1516,582,608]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">M–N,</emphasis>
<location id="1F693E81FFDAFFA1FFD2FDD2FE82FD66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:921FD94CFFD5FFA1FC6DF8B3FCEAFC14:1F693E81FFDAFFA1FFD2FDD2FE82FD66" box="[112,328,617,643]" county="Thurston County" municipality="Basal" name="Juncal Formation" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Washington">Juncal Formation</location>
, 
<location id="1F693E81FFDAFFA1FEF1FDD2FDDAFD66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:921FD94CFFD5FFA1FC6DF8B3FCEAFC14:1F693E81FFDAFFA1FEF1FDD2FDDAFD66" box="[339,528,617,643]" county="Thurston County" municipality="Basal" name="Canton Canyon" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Washington">Canton Canyon</location>
, 
<location id="1F693E81FFDAFFA1FDB9FDD2FCDBFD61" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:921FD94CFFD5FFA1FC6DF8B3FCEAFC14:1F693E81FFDAFFA1FDB9FDD2FCDBFD61" box="[539,785,617,644]" county="Thurston County" municipality="Basal" name="Whitaker Peak area" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Washington">Whitaker Peak area</location>
, 
<location id="1F693E81FFDAFFA1FCBEFDD1FC14FD66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:921FD94CFFD5FFA1FC6DF8B3FCEAFC14:1F693E81FFDAFFA1FCBEFDD1FC14FD66" box="[796,990,617,644]" county="Thurston County" municipality="Basal" name="Ventura County" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Washington">Ventura County</location>
, southern 
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. 
<location id="1F693E81FFDAFFA1FB45FDD2FAE0FD66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:921FD94CFFD5FFA1FC6DF8B3FCEAFC14:1F693E81FFDAFFA1FB45FDD2FAE0FD66" box="[1255,1322,617,643]" county="Thurston County" municipality="Basal" name="Basal" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Washington">Basal</location>
(
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FA9EFDD2FA9FFD66" bold="true" box="[1340,1365,617,643]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">M</emphasis>
) and dorsal (
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FFD9FD36FF45FD42" bold="true" box="[123,143,653,679]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">N</emphasis>
) views, both 2.4x, length 
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, width 13.9, height 
<quantity id="DD4EC5BFFFDAFFA1FC92FD36FC45FD42" box="[816,911,653,679]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="9.4">9.4 mm</quantity>
, of hypotype 
<specimenCode id="4A10C021FFDAFFA1FB97FD36FAC2FD42" box="[1077,1288,653,679]" collectionCode="LACMIP" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">LACMIP 40807.1</specimenCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="7CA7F09FFFDAFFA1FAB1FD36FABDFD42" box="[1299,1399,653,679]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">LACMIP</collectionCode>
<location id="1F693E81FFDAFFA1FADCFD36FA76FD42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:921FD94CFFD5FFA1FC6DF8B3FCEAFC14:1F693E81FFDAFFA1FADCFD36FA76FD42" box="[1406,1468,653,679]" county="Thurston County" municipality="Basal" name="Type" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Washington">Type</location>
14935 (
<collectionCode id="7CA7F09FFFDAFFA1FF6DFD0BFEFDFD2F" box="[207,311,688,714]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">LACMIP</collectionCode>
Locality 40807 [= 
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Locality 16191, 
<emphasis id="28C2B448FFDAFFA1FCF0FD15FCA6FD2F" box="[850,876,686,714]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">ex</emphasis>
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Locality 80 
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]). 
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(Eocene, “Domengine Stage”), north side 
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, southern 
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(
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), and left (labral) side (
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) views, 1.6x, length 
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14936, (
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Locality 40374).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A09685AFFDAFFA1FFD2FCD6FCEAFC14" blockId="9.[112,800,877,1009]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
color pattern, and many from the NEP are poorly pre- served. Cypraeid systematics has been greatly enhanced by the works of 
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFDAFFA1FE91FC0FFE1FFC28" author="Meyer, C. P." box="[307,469,947,974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="401 - 459" refId="ref39826" refString="Meyer, C. P. 2003. Molecular systematics of cowries (Gas- tropoda: Cypraeidae) and diversification patterns in the tropics. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 79: 401 - 459, figs. 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="2003">Meyer (2003</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFDAFFA1FE7DFC08FDEAFC28" author="Meyer, C. P." box="[479,544,947,973]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="127 - 156" refId="ref39869" refString="Meyer, C. P. 2004. Toward comprehensiveness: Increased molecular sampling with Cypraeidae and its phyloge- netic implications. Malacologia 46 (1): 127 - 156, figs. 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
). Herein, lower level systematics below family follows that of 
<bibRefCitation id="7E2715ABFFDAFFA1FDC4FC6CFCD1FC14" author="Lorenz, F." box="[614,795,983,1009]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" refId="ref39506" refString="Lorenz, F. 2017. Cowries. A guide to the gastropod family Cypraeidae. Volume 1. Biology and Systematics. Conch- Books, Harxheim, Germany. 644 pp., numerous figures." type="book" year="2017">Lorenz (2017)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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