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<document id="EE6CFA88045EAF469AAA44CE3BE3991B" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4257.1.1SLASH10889" ID-CLB-Dataset="33173" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.556874" ID-GBIF-Dataset="90f99d44-c68c-4602-90f1-2802409db73d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="556874" ID-ZooBank="98E19676-EC03-4026-B4B6-39BEC10B5A05" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1493020839851" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Karsholt, Ole &amp; Torres, Nixon Cumbicus" docDate="2017" docId="90078570FF932A12FF075ECB883CFB0E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4257.1.1SLASH10889.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4257 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stigmella rigida Diskus &amp; Stonis 2016" docType="treatment" docVersion="18" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="6C3EFD08FFA52A24FF905C458971FFB3" masterDocTitle="Illustrated review of the leaf-mining Nepticulidae of the central Andes (Peru and Bolivia)" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1698439017300" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="113A4908A5933585D42CB926EB854991" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="236525D8A3302463FF209DAA289C5BB2">Illustrated review of the leaf-mining Nepticulidae of the central Andes (Peru and Bolivia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A49B0572D6F06FB6CCCAFADC217EF9E5">Stonis, Jonas R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AA328A50FA77A973C8373A7AF10B2774">Diškus, Arūnas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="52F600EB1DFC5259249488C28637D81F">Remeikis, Andrius</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="47913DAF11BC9BB69797A30B1F82D02D">Karsholt, Ole</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="853FD6C27CFAFF42DD4DA42690159FE4">Torres, Nixon Cumbicus</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="697D0AD19E06CBFA8CED4DD1BDE7E404">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E3B62F84A7EE9E46361B7ADE1F3FFF5F">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7EBED4D8333A27FCBEAF4F19D8DD4B40">4257</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="69C7055B0D4B371CFEF6B3A862507BA4">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5A067606C8D697FC284648D7613A1B7D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.556874</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="90078570FF932A12FF075ECB883CFB0E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3510896" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128697093" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3510896" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90078570FF932A12FF075ECB883CFB0E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/90078570FF932A12FF075ECB883CFB0E" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF932A12FF075ECB8BEBFD1B" box="[151,666,654,680]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="18113466FF932A12FF075ECB8BEBFD1B" blockId="54.[151,666,654,714]" box="[151,666,654,680]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="4359830AFF932A12FF075ECB8BEBFD1B" bold="true" box="[151,666,654,680]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="1">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FF075ECB8BEBFD1B" bold="true" box="[151,666,654,680]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
41.
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF932A12FF535ECB8BEBFD1B" authority="Diskus &amp; Stonis, 2016" authorityName="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2016" box="[195,666,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FF535ECB88F2FD1B" bold="true" box="[195,387,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stigmella rigida</emphasis>
Diškus &amp; Stonis, 2016
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF932A12FF075EF4882FFD79" box="[151,350,689,714]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph id="18113466FF932A12FF075EF4882FFD79" blockId="54.[151,666,654,714]" box="[151,350,689,714]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF932A12FF0F5EF48872FD79" box="[159,259,689,714]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,195,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[153,1433,195,1890]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Distribution of the central Andean Nepticulidae. 1, high-Andean species recorded at altitudes above 3700 m (after Stonis et al. 2016 d); 2, species recorded at altitudes below 3700 m; 3 – 8, some collecting areas in the Peruvian Andes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556875/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs 1, 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF932A12FE9F5EF7885CFD79" box="[271,301,690,714]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[183,1399,193,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[183,1403,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 34. Adults of central Andean Nepticulidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556882/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">34</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF932A12FEA95EF78827FD79" box="[313,342,690,714]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[158,1418,202,1926]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[158,1428,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 37. Diagnostics of the central Andean Stigmella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556885/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">37</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF932A12FF075EBC8AE7FCBC" box="[151,918,761,783]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="18113466FF932A12FF075EBC8AE7FCBC" blockId="54.[151,918,761,783]" box="[151,918,761,783]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="38BE1348FF932A12FF075EBC8AE7FCBC" box="[151,918,761,783]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF932A12FF075EBC8B82FCBC" authority="Diskus &amp; Stonis, in Stonis et al. 2016d: 36" authorityName="Diskus &amp; Stonis, in Stonis et al." authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,755,761,783]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FF075EBC884BFCBC" box="[151,314,761,783]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stigmella rigida</emphasis>
Diškus &amp; Stonis, in
<treatmentCitation id="990F1277FF932A12FD9C5EBC8B82FCBC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3508049" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3508049" author="Stonis" box="[524,755,761,783]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487C7FF97D244FF462010F3B4FC5B" page="36" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="7C3F4997FF932A12FD9C5EBC8BBFFCBC" author="Stonis" box="[524,718,761,783]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Stonis, J. R., Diskus, A., Remeikis, A., Gerulaitis, V. &amp; Karsholt, O. (2016 d) Leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from record high altitudes: documenting an entire new fauna in the Andean paramo and puna. Monograph. Zootaxa, 4181 (1), 1 - 94. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4181.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016" yearSuffix="d">
Stonis
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FDC15EBF8B0FFCBC" box="[593,638,761,783]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
. 2016d
</bibRefCitation>
: 36
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 39, figs 93–97.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF932A12FF075F798D81FCCB" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="18113466FF932A12FF075F798D81FCCB" blockId="54.[151,1436,828,1213]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<materialsCitation id="A8C63E3BFF932A12FF075F798D9DFCCB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1457688695" collectingDate="1987-02-15" collectingDateMax="1987-02-18" collectingDateMin="1987-02-15" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="O. Karsholt" country="Peru" county="Material" elevation="4100" latitude="-9.680556" location="Quabrada Pucavado" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-77.225555" municipality="Cerro Cahuish" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="626" specimenCount-male="626" stateProvince="Ancash" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FF075F7988F1FCE6" bold="true" box="[151,384,828,853]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectingCounty id="F1704CEAFF932A12FF075F79898EFCE6" box="[151,255,828,853]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Material</collectingCounty>
examined.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="0EA8FFEFFF932A12FE165F7988DEFCE7" box="[390,431,828,852]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<typeStatus id="C7158AC4FF932A12FE2E5F798B57FCE6" box="[446,550,828,853]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
),
<collectingCountry id="60B974F6FF932A12FDA85F788BF3FCE7" box="[568,642,829,852]" name="Peru" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">PERU</collectingCountry>
, Dept.
<collectingRegion id="DA6AFA84FF932A12FD415F798A59FCE6" box="[721,808,828,853]" country="Peru" name="Ancash" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ancash</collectingRegion>
,
<locationDeviation id="09A32D44FF932A12FCA35F798A8AFCE7" box="[819,1019,828,853]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<quantity id="DF569983FF932A12FCA35F798A08FCE6" box="[819,889,828,853]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
SE Huaraz
</locationDeviation>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="F875AE1CFF932A12FB955F798DD8FCE6" box="[1029,1193,828,853]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cerro Cahuish</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="1D7162BDFF932A12FB255F798CE9FCE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90078570FF932A12FF075ECB883CFB0E:1D7162BDFF932A12FB255F798CE9FCE6" box="[1205,1432,828,853]" country="Peru" county="Material" latitude="-9.680556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-77.225555" municipality="Cerro Cahuish" name="Quabrada Pucavado" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Ancash">Quabrada Pucavado</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7D9A52A1FF932A12FF075F1A887BFCCB" box="[151,266,863,888]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" precision="15" value="-9.680556">9°40'50&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7D9A52A1FF932A12FE865F2588D1FCCB" box="[278,416,864,888]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" precision="15" value="-77.225555">77°13'32&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="DF569983FF932A12FE3C5F258B72FCC4" box="[428,515,864,888]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="4100.0">
<elevation id="9383D355FF932A12FE3C5F258B72FCC4" box="[428,515,864,888]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="4100.0">4100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="6C1012A6FF932A12FD9E5F1A8BDDFCCB" box="[526,684,863,888]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1987-02-15" valueMax="1987-02-18" valueMin="1987-02-15">
<collectingDate id="7C54EB4EFF932A12FD9E5F1A8BDDFCCB" box="[526,684,863,888]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1987-02-15" valueMax="1987-02-18" valueMin="1987-02-15">15–18.ii.1987</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B55B51B0FF932A12FD285F258A4CFCCB" box="[696,829,863,888]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">O. Karsholt</collectorName>
, genitalia slide no. AD
<specimenCount id="0EA8FFEFFF932A12FBD05F1A8D0CFCCB" box="[1088,1149,863,888]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="male">625♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="7EBFACA3FF932A12FB1C5F258D92FCCB" box="[1164,1251,864,888]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">ZMUC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF932A12FF575FC18AA9FC73" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="18113466FF932A12FF575FC18AA9FC73" blockId="54.[151,1436,828,1213]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FF575FC18830FC2E" bold="true" box="[199,321,900,925]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The combination of U-shaped gnathos, five large, slightly curved cornuti, and speckled, nearly
<quantity id="DF569983FF932A12FA1E5FC189B2FC0C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
long forewing distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF932A12FD975FED8B19FC73" box="[519,616,935,960]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FD975FED8B19FC73" box="[519,616,935,960]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from all other
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF932A12FC805FE28A08FC73" box="[784,889,935,960]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FC805FE28A08FC73" box="[784,889,935,960]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stigmella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF932A12FF575F898AEFFBC6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph id="18113466FF932A12FF575F8988F7FBB4" blockId="54.[151,1436,828,1213]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FF575F898875FC56" bold="true" box="[199,260,972,997]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF932A12FE855F89881DFC57" box="[277,364,972,997]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[183,1399,193,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[183,1403,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 34. Adults of central Andean Nepticulidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556882/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
). Described in
<bibRefCitation id="7C3F4997FF932A12FD8B5F898B86FC56" author="Stonis" box="[539,759,972,997]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Stonis, J. R., Diskus, A., Remeikis, A., Gerulaitis, V. &amp; Karsholt, O. (2016 d) Leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from record high altitudes: documenting an entire new fauna in the Andean paramo and puna. Monograph. Zootaxa, 4181 (1), 1 - 94. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4181.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016" yearSuffix="d">
Stonis
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FDFA5F888BEDFC56" box="[618,668,972,997]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
. 2016d
</bibRefCitation>
: 39, figs 93, 94. Forewing length about
<quantity id="DF569983FF932A12FB585F898C52FC57" box="[1224,1315,972,996]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
; wingspan about
<quantity id="DF569983FF932A12FF4C5FB588F3FBB4" box="[220,386,1008,1032]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.03" metricValueMin="1.02" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="10.25" valueMax="10.3" valueMin="10.2">10.2–10.3 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18113466FF932A12FF57585188D3FB9E" blockId="54.[151,1436,828,1213]" box="[199,418,1044,1069]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FF5758518854FB9E" bold="true" box="[199,293,1044,1069]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18113466FF932A12FF5758728A02FBE3" blockId="54.[151,1436,828,1213]" box="[199,883,1079,1104]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FF5758728809FBE3" bold="true" box="[199,376,1079,1104]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
Illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="7C3F4997FF932A12FD8558728B9BFBE3" author="Stonis" box="[533,746,1079,1104]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Stonis, J. R., Diskus, A., Remeikis, A., Gerulaitis, V. &amp; Karsholt, O. (2016 d) Leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from record high altitudes: documenting an entire new fauna in the Andean paramo and puna. Monograph. Zootaxa, 4181 (1), 1 - 94. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4181.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016" yearSuffix="d">
Stonis
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FDF1587C8BE3FBE3" box="[609,658,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
. 2016d
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 95–97.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18113466FF932A12FF5758198AEFFBC6" blockId="54.[151,1436,828,1213]" box="[199,926,1116,1141]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FF5758198832FBC6" bold="true" box="[199,323,1116,1141]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Bionomics</emphasis>
. Adults fly in February. Otherwise biology unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF932A12FF57583A883CFB0E" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="18113466FF932A12FF57583A883CFB0E" blockId="54.[151,1436,828,1213]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF932A12FF57583A8828FB2B" bold="true" box="[199,345,1151,1176]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF932A12FEF8583A88DBFB2B" box="[360,426,1151,1176]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,195,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[153,1433,195,1890]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Distribution of the central Andean Nepticulidae. 1, high-Andean species recorded at altitudes above 3700 m (after Stonis et al. 2016 d); 2, species recorded at altitudes below 3700 m; 3 – 8, some collecting areas in the Peruvian Andes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556875/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). This species occurs in the high Andes of
<collectingCountry id="60B974F6FF932A12FC1F58C58AB2FB24" box="[911,963,1152,1175]" name="Peru" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Peru</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="DA6AFA84FF932A12FC41583A8D56FB2B" box="[977,1063,1151,1176]" country="Peru" name="Ancash" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ancash</collectingRegion>
Departamento) at altitudes about
<quantity id="DF569983FF932A12FF0758E1899DFB0F" box="[151,236,1188,1212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="4100.0">4100 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF932A12FF6B58E1884EFB0E" box="[251,319,1188,1213]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,195,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[153,1433,195,1890]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Distribution of the central Andean Nepticulidae. 1, high-Andean species recorded at altitudes above 3700 m (after Stonis et al. 2016 d); 2, species recorded at altitudes below 3700 m; 3 – 8, some collecting areas in the Peruvian Andes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556875/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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