255 lines
32 KiB
XML
255 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="716417F211B9E5E1A2350DDB42D67F24" ID-CLB-Dataset="32553" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7856d718-8d6c-4df7-9244-a1402370fb3b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="839266" ID-ZooBank="CF0B4323-43D0-4326-948F-AB9647E1A2C3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1501953369799" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kaila, Lauri" docDate="2017" docId="8F0087DDFFC0FF9DD9C8E9109D4E1466" docLanguage="en" docName="zoobank.4300.4.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4300 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Elachista cardiaca Kaila 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="543" masterDocId="7339FFA5FFC5FF9AD95FEE5D99481363" masterDocTitle="First records of Elachistinae from New Caledonia: evidence of repeated dispersal events with Australia (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Elachistidae)" masterLastPageNumber="550" masterPageNumber="536" pageNumber="541" updateTime="1698466229572" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="15B26F64121325D9CF16E208C01B19C1">First records of Elachistinae from New Caledonia: evidence of repeated dispersal events with Australia (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Elachistidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7B7A5AEBB31AB16746583A0D1A554DC5">Kaila, Lauri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D3EC7A1BCD59A065E3166FF711CF988A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="93C25CF03B25BB6AA9949B392E34EB45">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="05B56A3E3CD1C49458D928CBCF541518">4300</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="6A9DB75DCB9E1A166596E15AFC86269A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="8F0087DDFFC0FF9DD9C8E9109D4E1466" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6051479" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132630506" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6051479" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F0087DDFFC0FF9DD9C8E9109D4E1466" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F0087DDFFC0FF9DD9C8E9109D4E1466" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">
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<subSubSection id="4FB36540FFC0FF9FD9C8E910984E14EB" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="071636CBFFC0FF9FD9C8E91098951404" blockId="5.[151,477,1869,1928]" box="[151,477,1869,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">
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<heading id="5C5E81A7FFC0FF9FD9C8E91098951404" bold="true" box="[151,477,1869,1895]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC0FF9FD9C8E91098951404" bold="true" box="[151,477,1869,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">
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<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC0FF9FD9C8E91098301404" ID-CoL="B6WMJ" authority="Kaila, 2017" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,376,1869,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardiaca" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC0FF9FD9C8E91098301404" bold="true" box="[151,376,1869,1895]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Elachista cardiaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2EEE57A2FFC0FF9FD820E91098951404" box="[383,477,1869,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="071636CBFFC0FF9FD9C8E932984E14EB" blockId="5.[151,477,1869,1928]" box="[151,262,1903,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">
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<figureCitation id="9F922A4EFFC0FF9FD9C8E932999614EB" box="[151,222,1903,1928]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="2.[151,264,976,999]" captionTargetBox="[167,1452,205,946]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1452,205,946]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. External appearanCe of Elachista spp. SCale 2 mm. 1. E. concubia sp. nov., ♂ holotype. 2. E. achlyodes sp. nov., ♂ holotype. 3. E. scoteina sp. nov., ♂ holotype. 4. E. cardiaca sp. nov., ♂ holotype. 5. E. dilobates sp. nov., ♂ holotype. 6. E. vespertina sp. nov., ♂ holotype. 7. E. cynopa MeyriCk (New Caledonia, Mt. DzumaC). 8. E. cynopa MeyriCk (Australia; ACT, BlaCk Mountain; a reared speCimen). 9. E. fugax sp. nov., ♂ holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839268/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="9F922A4EFFC0FF9FD9B5E92D984E14EB" box="[234,262,1904,1928]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 15. 13" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1714,1737]" captionTargetBox="[338,1264,186,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[321,1265,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 15. 13. E. cardiaca sp. nov., ♂ holotype. Left: general image of genitalia, phallus in same sCale. Right top: juxta and digitate proCesses. Right bottom: phallus enlarged. 14. E. dilobates sp. nov., ♂ holotype. Left: general image of genitalia, phallus in same sCale. Right top: juxta and digitate proCesses. Right bottom: phallus enlarged. 15. E. vespertina sp. nov., ♂ holotype. Left: general image of genitalia, phallus in same sCale. Right top: juxta and digitate proCesses. Right bottom: phallus enlarged." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839272/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">13</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="4FB36540FFC0FF9FD9C8E9E59A331497" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="071636CBFFC0FF9FD9C8E9E59A331497" blockId="5.[151,1436,1976,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">
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<materialsCitation id="B7C13C96FFC0FF9FD9C8E9E59A331497" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1585879964" collectingDate="1986-11-08" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Brown & O. Pellmyr & Genitalia & L. Kaila" country="New Caledonia" latitude="-22.1" location="New Caledonia" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="166.67223" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" specimenCode="USNM 142,822" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC0FF9FD9C8E9E5980014B2" bold="true" box="[151,328,1976,2001]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">
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||
<typeStatus id="D8128869FFC0FF9FD9C8E9E5999A14B2" box="[151,210,1976,2001]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="D8128869FFC0FF9FD80CE9E598F314B2" box="[339,443,1976,2001]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="11AFFD42FFC0FF9FD899E9E4989614B3" box="[454,478,1977,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="7FBE765BFFC0FF9FD8B1E9E49BEB14B2" box="[494,675,1976,2001]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="629D500CFFC0FF9FDBEEE9E59A4814B2" box="[689,768,1976,2001]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" precision="925" value="-22.1">22°6’S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="629D500CFFC0FF9FDA55E9E59AEA14B2" box="[778,930,1976,2001]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" precision="15" value="166.67223">166°40’20’’E</geoCoordinate>
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Riviére Bleue
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<collectingDate id="6353E9E3FFC0FF9FDD08E9E59D9214B2" box="[1111,1242,1976,2001]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" value="1986-11-08">
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<date id="7317100BFFC0FF9FDD08E9E59D9214B2" box="[1111,1242,1976,2001]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" value="1986-11-08">8.Nov.1986</date>
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</collectingDate>
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R.
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<collectorName id="AA5C531DFFC0FF9FDC56E9E49C1D14B3" box="[1289,1365,1977,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Brown</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName id="AA5C531DFFC0FF9FDCDEE9E599B81496" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">O. Pellmyr</collectorName>
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leg.
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<collectorName id="AA5C531DFFC0FF9FD878E98198C61496" box="[295,398,2012,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Genitalia</collectorName>
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slide by
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<collectorName id="AA5C531DFFC0FF9FD8ACE9809B071496" box="[499,591,2012,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">L. Kaila</collectorName>
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<specimenCode id="570F9EB0FFC0FF9FDB09E9819A411497" box="[598,777,2012,2036]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">
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<collectionCode id="61B8AE0EFFC0FF9FDB09E9819BEF1497" box="[598,679,2012,2036]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">USNM</collectionCode>
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142,822
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</specimenCode>
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(
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<collectionCode id="61B8AE0EFFC0FF9FDA47E9819A271497" box="[792,879,2012,2036]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">USNM</collectionCode>
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||
).
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="53D66643FFC3FF9CD9C8E8EF99BD1420" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/839272/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" targetBox="[338,1264,186,1676]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph id="071636CBFFC3FF9CD9C8E8EF99BD1420" blockId="6.[151,1436,1714,1859]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CD9C8E8EF981B15AB" bold="true" box="[151,339,1714,1737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">FIGURES 13–15.</emphasis>
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13.
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<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC3FF9CD821E8E998BB15AA" authority="Kaila, 2017" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[382,499,1715,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardiaca" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CD821E8E998BB15AA" box="[382,499,1715,1737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">E. cardiaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2EEE57A2FFC3FF9CD8A6E8EE9B0115AB" box="[505,585,1715,1736]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CD8A6E8EE9B0115AB" bold="true" box="[505,585,1715,1736]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, ♂ holotype. Left: general image of genitalia, phallus in same sCale. Right top: juxta and digitate proCesses. Right bottom: phallus enlarged. 14.
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<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC3FF9CDBABE88F9A261584" authority="Kaila, 2017" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[756,878,1745,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilobates" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CDBABE88F9A261584" box="[756,878,1745,1767]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">E. dilobates</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2EEE57A2FFC3FF9CDA2BE88F9A8E1584" box="[884,966,1746,1767]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CDA2BE88F9A8E1584" bold="true" box="[884,966,1746,1767]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, ♂ holotype. Left: general image of genitalia, phallus in same sCale. Right top: juxta and digitate proCesses. Right bottom: phallus enlarged. 15.
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<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC3FF9CDDC8E8AC9C571465" authority="Kaila, 2017" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[1175,1311,1777,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertina" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CDDC8E8AC9C571465" box="[1175,1311,1777,1798]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">E. vespertina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2EEE57A2FFC3FF9CDC78E8AD9C311466" box="[1319,1401,1776,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CDC78E8AD9C311466" bold="true" box="[1319,1401,1776,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, ♂ holotype. Left: general image of genitalia, phallus in same sCale. Right top: juxta and digitate proCesses. Right bottom: phallus enlarged.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="4FB36540FFC3FF9DD998E9369C6512CF" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="071636CBFFC3FF9DD998E9369C6512CF" blockId="6.[151,1436,1899,2031]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,1797]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CD998E936987214E7" bold="true" box="[199,314,1899,1924]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC3FF9CD80FE9369B6314E0" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[336,555,1899,1923]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardiaca">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CD80FE9369B6314E0" box="[336,555,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Elachista cardiaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a medium-sized species. Its forewing is pale grey with nearly black longitudinal plical spot at the middle of wing length at fold, and a small, rounded discal spot at 2/3 wing length in the middle of wing. As such, it externally resembles
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<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC3FF9CDBB7E9E99A3514A8" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[744,893,1972,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertina">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CDBB7E9E99A3514A8" box="[744,893,1972,1995]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">E. vespertina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CDAEBE9E99D0A14A8" box="[948,1090,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC3FF9CDAEBE9E99D7514A8" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[948,1085,1971,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilobates">E. dilobates</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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From
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC3FF9CDDD3E9E99CD414A8" box="[1164,1436,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC3FF9CDDD3E9E99C5B14A8" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[1164,1299,1971,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilobates">E. dilobates</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC3FF9CDC45E9E99CD414A8" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[1306,1436,1971,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardiaca">E. cardiaca</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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is readily distinguished by its heart-shaped spinose knob of gnathos, the narrower digitate process, the narrower phallus and the narrow, distally tapered valva as compared to those of
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<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DDAECEEC49D7213D3" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[947,1082,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilobates">
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<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DDAECEEC49D7213D3" box="[947,1082,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">E. dilobates</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DDD17EEC49D9513CC" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[1096,1245,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertina">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DDD17EEC49D9513CC" box="[1096,1245,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">E. vespertina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has broader phallus and valva than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DD8C5EEE09B5313B7" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[410,539,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardiaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DD8C5EEE09B5313B7" box="[410,539,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">E. cardiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The uncus lobes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DDA5AEEE09AD113B7" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[773,921,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertina">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DDA5AEEE09AD113B7" box="[773,921,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">E. vespertina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are narrower than in
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DDDD5EEE09CD413B7" box="[1162,1436,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DDDD5EEE09C5813B7" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[1162,1296,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardiaca">E. cardiaca</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DDC45EEE09CD413B7" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[1306,1436,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardiaca">E. cardiaca</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is similar to the species of the Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DDB39EEBC9A48139B" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2011" box="[614,768,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paragauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DDB39EEBC9A48139B" box="[614,768,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">E. paragauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species complex. Externally it differs from other species of this complex by the paler and more unicolorous forewing (the single specimen known is somewhat worn and therefore this character should be considered with caution). It lacks the longitudinal, broad, nearly white median area making a contrast to otherwise darker, mottled grey colour, pattern typical of all known Australian relatives. The male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DD8CBEF2C9B5F12EB" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[404,535,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardiaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DD8CBEF2C9B5F12EB" box="[404,535,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">E. cardiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from other species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DDAD3EF2C9D6012EB" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2011" box="[908,1064,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paragauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DDAD3EF2C9D6012EB" box="[908,1064,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">E. paragauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex by the shorter and less curved apical lobe of the phallus and the somewhat more bent and distally more tapered digitate process.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4FB36540FFC2FF9DD998EFEA9B4D161B" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="071636CBFFC2FF9DD998EFEA98F31076" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DD998EFEA981112B3" bold="true" box="[199,345,439,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Forewing length
|
||
<quantity id="C0519B2EFFC2FF9DDB7AEFE59B3712AC" box="[549,639,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Labial palpus ascending, length 1.2 x diameter of head, white above with apex of third segment grey; evenly fuscous grey below except apex of second segment white. Head, scape, pedicel and neck tuft grey, mottled with darker tips of scales. Pecten formed of row of narrow, grey scales. Flagellum thick, dark grey. Foreleg varying from ochreous grey to dark, leaden grey, spurs ochreous; midleg ochreous grey with tibia and tarsomeres white distally. Hindleg pale ochreous grey, tarsomeres grey, distally pale. Forewing pale grey, along margins sparsely mottled with brownish grey scales; plical spot dark grey, elongate, at middle of wing length at fold; discal spot small, rounded, at 2/3 wing length in middle, outwardly bound by small white area; fringe scales concolorous with forewing colour, shorter fringe scales distally dark grey forming indistinct fringe line along termen. Hindwing grey, fringe scales concolorous; underside of both wings grey with concolorous fringe scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="071636CBFFC2FF9DD998ED429ADB1636" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">
|
||
Male genitalia. Uncus lobes medially separated by U-shaped incision; lobe 1.5 x as long as wide, distal margin rounded, ventral surface distolaterally with cylindrical scales arising from erect pinaculae. Basal arms of gnathos 1.5 x as long as uncus lobe, distally separate. Spinose knob of gnathos somewhat elongate, tapered distally, caudal margin distinctly concave. Valva
|
||
<date id="7317100BFFC2FF9DDB51EDD19B7910C7" box="[526,561,908,932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">4 x</date>
|
||
as long as wide at its widest point, medially somewhat broadened and evenly tapered towards apex; basal fold of costa straight, indistinct, distal fold narrow, triangular, broadest distally, extended to 5/6 length of valva, where cucullus somewhat twisted on top of costa forming low hump, distal fold well defined; sacculus evenly curved, without distal spine and joining cucullus without clear delimitation; cucullus narrow and elongate, distally rounded, slightly bent towards costa. Digitate process 1/3 length of valva, narrow, sickle-shaped, narrowest at 1/3 length, with setae medially and distally. Median plate of juxta rectangular, concave without lateral or posterior extensions. Juxta lobe with two setae at distal third, laterally produced; medial margin straight joining distal margin at an obtuse angle; distal margin medially straight, laterally convex; lateral margin concave. Vinculum narrow, U-shaped, without medial ridge. Phallus narrow, over
|
||
<date id="7317100BFFC2FF9DDD62EAF19D2717A7" box="[1085,1135,1196,1220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" value="1920-10">20 x</date>
|
||
as long as its width in the middle of its length, almost as long as valva, evenly curved in basal 1/3, medially and distally bent, broadest in basal half; insertion of ductus ejaculatorius dorsoposteriorly directed; caecum blunt, shorter than width of basal opening of phallus; distal opening extended to distal 4/5 of phallus; along distal opening small folded lobe that is joined to vesica; vesica without spinules or granules; cornuti absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="071636CBFFC2FF9DD998EB029B4D161B" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1797]" box="[199,517,1375,1400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">Female genitalia. Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4FB36540FFC2FF9DD998EBD99D1C16A3" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="071636CBFFC2FF9DD998EBD99D1C16A3" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DD998EBD9986F16FE" bold="true" box="[199,295,1412,1437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specimen has been caught with UV light trap. The habitat is lowland rainforest on ultramafic soils, with dominance of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DD8EEEBF59A4816A3" authorityName="L.A.S. Johnson" authorityYear="1980" box="[433,768,1447,1472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Casuarinaceae" genus="Gymnostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DD8EEEBF59B0D16DC" box="[433,581,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">Gymnostoma</emphasis>
|
||
(Casuarinaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vegetation (Holloway (1979).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4FB36540FFC2FF9DD998EB919B541686" box="[199,540,1484,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="071636CBFFC2FF9DD998EB919B541686" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1797]" box="[199,540,1484,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DD998EB9198111686" bold="true" box="[199,345,1484,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7FBE765BFFC2FF9DD838EB909B501686" box="[359,536,1484,1509]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4FB36540FFC2FF9DD998EBB29B7B154F" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="071636CBFFC2FF9DD998EBB29B7B154F" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DD998EBB29806156B" bold="true" box="[199,334,1519,1544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name is derived from the latinized form of the Greek word
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DDD16EBAD9DD9156B" box="[1097,1169,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">kardia</emphasis>
|
||
, ‘heart’. It denotes the heart-shaped gnathos of
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DD8F6E8489B7B154F" box="[425,563,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DD8F6E8489B66154F" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[425,558,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardiaca">E. cardiaca</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4FB36540FFC2FF9DD998E86A9D4E1466" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="071636CBFFC2FF9DD998E86A9D4E1466" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DD998E86A98731533" bold="true" box="[199,315,1591,1616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DD81AE86498831533" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2017" box="[325,459,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardiaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DD81AE86498831533" box="[325,459,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">E. cardiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is attributable to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DDB95E8649A201533" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2011" box="[714,872,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paragauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DDB95E8649A201533" box="[714,872,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">E. paragauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex on the basis of male genitalia; besides overall similarity, the apex of the phallus is similarly bent and shaped, and the spinose knob of the gnathos is heartshaped. This complex of species has so far only been known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7FBE765BFFC2FF9DDA26E8229AAB15FB" box="[889,995,1663,1688]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DDD40E8DC9DF015FB" authorityName="Kaila" authorityYear="2011" box="[1055,1208,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Elachista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paragauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DDD40E8DC9DF015FB" box="[1055,1208,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">E. paragauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex consists of a number of cryptic sibling taxa there (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="63384B3AFFC2FF9DDB13E8F99A7F15DE" author="Kaila" box="[588,823,1700,1725]" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" refString="Kaila, L. & Stahls, G. (2006) DNA barCodes: EValuating the potential of CO 1 to diffentiate Closely related speCies of Elachista (Lepidoptera: CeleChioidea: ElaChistidae) from Australia. Zootaxa, 1170, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="2006">Kaila & Ståhls 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The representative of this complex are characterised by their bizarre mine shape, and all constituent species have been found to feed on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DDDE1E8959C161583" authorityName="Labillardière" authorityYear="1805" box="[1214,1374,1736,1760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Lepidosperma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="35DDEAD9FFC2FF9DDDE1E8959C161583" box="[1214,1374,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">Lepidosperma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0A94D48FFC2FF9DD9C1E8B1986C1467" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[158,292,1772,1796]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="543" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cyperaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (Kaila 2011). This plant genus is also present in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7FBE765BFFC2FF9DDA0EE8B09D4A1466" box="[849,1026,1772,1797]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="7" pageNumber="543">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |