166 lines
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166 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.286.4438" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8eb9e776-76c2-4f09-8964-77205d602229" ID-PMC="PMC3677357" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-286-1" ID-PubMed="23794844" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-286-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 286" ModsDocTitle="Revision of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Polychaeta, Sternaspidae)" checkinTime="1451247449682" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sendall, Kelly & Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I." docDate="2013" docId="8B8A538A006EC72A46DD3BFAD3FF92BC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 286: 1-74" docOrigin="ZooKeys 286" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.286.4438" docTitle="Sternaspis thorsoni Sendall & Salazar-Vallejo, 2013, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="E62FFF94FFE6FFFEEA0AE45616142716" masterDocTitle="Revision of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Polychaeta, Sternaspidae)" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1668155612909" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Polychaeta, Sternaspidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sendall, Kelly</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>286</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>74</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.286.4438</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.286.4438</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-286-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042386" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F1AB89B5-56F7-47F5-B3C2-D9F396CCAD39" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8B8A538A006EC72A46DD3BFAD3FF92BC" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F1AB89B5-56F7-47F5-B3C2-D9F396CCAD39" class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis thorsoni" order="Terebellida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="thorsoni">Sternaspis thorsoni</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="45" pageNumber="46">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figure 15
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis scutata" order="Terebellida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutata">Sternaspis scutata</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Wesenberg-Lund 1949</bibRefCitation>
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: 345-346 (non
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<bibRefCitation pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Ranzani 1817</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<bibRefCitation author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 262" title="Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum, Calcutta." volume="12" year="1932">Fauvel 1932</bibRefCitation>
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: 213 (non
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<bibRefCitation pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Ranzani 1817</bibRefCitation>
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, partim).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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Arabian (Iranian or Persian) Gulf. Holotype (ZMUC 2221), 55.6 km NNW of buoy near Jask, Iran, Sta. 76 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="25.75">25°45'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="57.2">57°12'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 110 m, loose, brown clay, 21-IV-1937, G. Thorson, coll. 6 paratypes: 1 (ZMUC 2222), juvenile, 4 km S Bushire outer Light-buoy, Sta. 28 (no coord.), 7 m, 18-III-1937, G. Thorson, coll. 1 (ZMUC 2223), juvenile, Henjom Island, Strait of Hormuz, Sta. 59 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="26.6">26°36'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="55.7">55°42'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 31 m, 10-IV-1937, G. Thorson, coll. 1 (ZMUC 2224), adult, Patrick Steward Bank, Sta. 71B (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="26.683332">26°41'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="56.266666">56°16'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 69 m, gray mud, 19-IV-1937, G. Thorson, coll. 3 spec. (ZMUC 2225), juveniles, 17 km SSE off mountain Kuh-i-Namak Sar range, Sta. 114 (27°00'30N,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="56.05">56°03'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 13 m, sand with little clay, 4-IV-1938, G. Thorson, coll.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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Additional material. Arabian (Iranian or Persian) Gulf. 1 spec. (ZMUC), juvenile, 3 km SSW off Kharg, Sta. 8 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="29.233334">29°14'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="50.316666">50°19'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 40 m, soft, grey clay, 5-III-1937, G. Thorson, coll. 8 spec. (ZMUC), juveniles, partly dehydrated, 5.5 km SE Bushire outer Light-buoy, Sta. 28 (no coord.), 7 m, grey-brown clay, 18-III-1937, G. Thorson, coll.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="46" pageNumber="47" start="start">3</pageBreakToken>
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spec. (ZMUC), juveniles, off road to Bender Abbas, Sta. 64B (no coord.), 3 m, soft clay, 16-IV-1937, G. Thorson, coll. 3 spec. (ZMUC), juveniles, off road to Bender Abbas, Sta. 64Bx, 3 m, soft clay, 16-IV-1937. 2 spec. (ZMUC), 11 km ENE from Quishim Light-buoy, Sta. 65 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="27.016666">27°01'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="56.0">56°00'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 18 m, dark sand with clay, 16-IV-1937, G. Thorson, coll. Andaman Sea. 5 spec. (MNHN 454), Andaman Islands, no further data.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Holotype with body whitish or grayish (Fig. 15A), introvert slightly darker, integument granulose; abdomen smooth. Papillae minute, abundant, short and longer, filiform, uniformly distributed especially on abdomen. Body 14 mm long, 5 mm wide, with about 30 segments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">Prostomium</pageBreakToken>
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small, without eyespots. Peristomium rounded, depressed below mouth, without papillae (Fig. 15B). Mouth circular, completely covered with minute papillae, continued ventrally forming an arc.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">First three chaetigers with 16-20 hooks, thin, pale with a subdistal barely darker band (Fig. 15B). Genital papillae protrude ventrally from intersegmental groove between segments 7 and 8. Pre-shield region with 7 segments, without fascicles of fine capillary chaetae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ventro-caudal shield previously sliced along posterior right corner, with radiating oblique ribs and concentric lines; suture restricted to anterior region (Fig. 15A, C). Anterior margins angular; anterior depression deep; anterior keels visible, but not exposed. Lateral margins slightly expanding posteriorly. Fan truncate, not extending beyond posterior corners, crenulated, not projected outwardly; median notch shallow or indistinct.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Marginal chaetal fascicles include 10 lateral ones, chaetae ovally arranged, and seven posterior fascicles, chaetae in a slightly curved arrangement. First two lateral fascicles emerge from ventral edge of shield. Lateral fascicle with long hirsute chaetae. Peg chaetae in posterior corner region.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Branchiae mostly removed, spirally arranged.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Off Jask, Iran.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Smaller paratypes have better defined body papillae which are larger, especially on abdominal segments. Likewise, paratypes exhibit ventro-caudal shields which are rounded without surface features in smaller specimens (Fig. 15D), with a suture well defined but little definition of anterior margins and reduced development of posterior corners. Larger specimens show better definition of anterior margins and more developed posterior corners, together with crenulations of the fan margin, but concentric lines are not well-defined (Fig. 15E). Larger specimens have all surface ornamentation features, together with well defined acute anterior margins and posterior corners extended beyond the fan level, and more definite resolution of fan crenulations (Fig. 15F) than smaller specimens.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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The species name is derived after the late Dr. Gunnar Thorson in recognition of his important contributions to benthic ecology, especially with regards to reproduction and larval development (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Thorson 1946</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Thorson, G" journalOrPublisher="Biological Reviews" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 45" title="Reproductive and larval ecology of marine bottom invertebrates." url="10.1111/j.1469-185X.1950.tb00585.x" volume="25" year="1950">1950</bibRefCitation>
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), and comparative studies of benthic communities where he coined the concept of parallel communities (
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<bibRefCitation author="Thorson, G" editor="Hedgpeth, JW" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs Geological Society of America" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="461 - 534" title="Bottom communities (sublittoral or shallow shelf)." volume="67" volumeTitle="Treatise on Marine Ecology and Palaeoecology." year="1957">Thorson 1957</bibRefCitation>
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). He also made many collecting trips in temperate and tropical communities and the specimens used for this description were based on his collections. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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The shield of
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis thorsoni" order="Terebellida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="thorsoni">Sternaspis thorsoni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.has a truncate posterior margin resembling
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis princeps" order="Terebellida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="princeps">Sternaspis princeps</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis rietschi" order="Terebellida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rietschi">Sternaspis rietschi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis spinosa" order="Terebellida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="spinosa">Sternaspis spinosa</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis thalassemoides" order="Terebellida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="thalassemoides">S thalassemoides</taxonomicName>
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. As indicated above,
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis spinosa" order="Terebellida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="spinosa">Sternaspis spinosa</taxonomicName>
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is characterised by having a shield markedly wider than long and by having exposed its anterior keels. Further,
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis thorsoni" order="Terebellida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="thorsoni">Sternaspis thorsoni</taxonomicName>
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is unique as it has more abundant, pale delicate introvert hooks, whereas the other species have fewer, thicker, darker hooks.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<bibRefCitation author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 262" title="Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum, Calcutta." volume="12" year="1932">Fauvel (1932</bibRefCitation>
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: 213) indicated three shield colour variants. The only specimens available, collected in the Andaman Islands, are all conspecific and almost completely fit this new species description, although the larger specimen has a marked notch on the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="shield’s">shield's</normalizedToken>
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fan.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Arabian Sea, in muddy bottoms in shallow water (3-110 m). Probably reaching as far as the Andaman Sea.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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Figure 15.
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis thorsoni" order="Terebellida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="thorsoni">Sternaspis thorsoni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A Holotype (ZMUC 2221), ventral view B Same, anterior end, frontal view C Same, ventro-caudal shield D Mon type specimen (ZMUC Sta. 64), ventro-caudal shield E Paratype (ZMUC 2224), ventro-caudal shield F Another paratype (ZMUC 2223), ventro-caudal shield. Bars: A, F 0.8 mm B 0.6 mm C 0.5 mm D 0.3 mm E 0.4 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |