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<mods:title id="300F40E76F9C0517770811352C58AAAB">The male terminalia of seven American species of Drosophila (Diptera, Drosophilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="635AD5F76775E9754EC2BB662A9768B0">Vilela, Carlos Ribeiro</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A5109862945BC87AEB2B1B4F851B0354">Departamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Rua do Matao 277, Cidade Universitaria &quot; Armando de Salles Oliveira &quot;, Sao Paulo - SP, 05508 - 090, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="14988F74F4DED2A1ABD92DFE2B380A2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="3EF6B857CA6FC8B288D60609C6BA7E0F" ID-CoL="37R6Y" LSID="043B31D5-1566-5ACC-B092-FDC898596877" authority="Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman" authorityName="Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drosophila (Drosophila) arizonae" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonae" subGenus="Drosophila">Drosophila (Drosophila) arizonae Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="FE00C7713E487C14BF2DBF60F6AD042D" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="81DCF02406C68B1F0F183F55EF4E624E" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<figureCitation id="FC7CC84B2F8A43769BDC4DE722D43728" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Drosophila arizonae Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman, 1990 (Drosophila repleta group, Drosophila mulleri subgroup, Drosophila mojavensis complex). Strain formerly E 2.2 at NDSRC (later 15081 - 1271.4), from Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico, male terminalia (MZSP). A, epandrium, cerci, surstyli, hypandrium, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, oblique posterior view. B-D, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, three views. B, oblique dorsal. C, left lateral. D, ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.1.20669.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/168901" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<pageBreakToken id="1C519B0C5C1BCB6F44B9BC284CF29D87" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" start="start">Figs</pageBreakToken>
5A-D
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F38D8ED50428B34E422499B8438C2E8F" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="CA30883C8299E08729069FB18661170F" authorityName="Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drosophila (Drosophila) arizonae" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonae" subGenus="Drosophila">
<pageBreakToken id="02C56674628EACC38E0298894768E86C" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" start="start">Drosophila</pageBreakToken>
(Drosophila) arizonae
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Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman, 1990: 39.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="E70F761BD142847BD55C1A1B30289551" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="type material">
<paragraph id="4D2C19BAFC5ED11FA42F325D16CD9A81" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Non-type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ACF5E081A1B984128EB724142A33C557" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Strain E2.2 (Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico), 1979: 2 ♂♂ (dissected) plus 22 ♂♂, 36 ♀♀ (MZSP); 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ (AMNH).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BE505F5814802625009A272F35F156A2" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="male terminalia">
<paragraph id="64B3EC52B0A97E60B2F63CE15860E945" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Male terminalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E39DFE31211D1D20CE5166E85B5D4F39" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
Epandrium (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="5ECF927C5118D9F99D8988ADABB7F4BD" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Drosophila arizonae Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman, 1990 (Drosophila repleta group, Drosophila mulleri subgroup, Drosophila mojavensis complex). Strain formerly E 2.2 at NDSRC (later 15081 - 1271.4), from Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico, male terminalia (MZSP). A, epandrium, cerci, surstyli, hypandrium, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, oblique posterior view. B-D, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, three views. B, oblique dorsal. C, left lateral. D, ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.1.20669.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/168901" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">5A</figureCitation>
) distally microtrichose, except lobe; bearing about 8 upper and 9 lower setae; ventral lobe partially covering surstylus; ventral margin concave; anterior and distal end sharply pointed. Cercus mostly microtrichose; anteromedially fused to epandrium. Surstylus not microtrichose, with about 12-13 cone-shaped prensisetae, 2 outer and 11 inner setae. Decasternum as in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="C1A5DEC7871D9B9B4AE9C4B12ABF71B5" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Drosophila arizonae Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman, 1990 (Drosophila repleta group, Drosophila mulleri subgroup, Drosophila mojavensis complex). Strain formerly E 2.2 at NDSRC (later 15081 - 1271.4), from Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico, male terminalia (MZSP). A, epandrium, cerci, surstyli, hypandrium, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, oblique posterior view. B-D, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, three views. B, oblique dorsal. C, left lateral. D, ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.1.20669.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/168901" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">5A</figureCitation>
. Hypandrium (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="D0B1702BB338AB6E4C30DA5C499503C0" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Drosophila arizonae Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman, 1990 (Drosophila repleta group, Drosophila mulleri subgroup, Drosophila mojavensis complex). Strain formerly E 2.2 at NDSRC (later 15081 - 1271.4), from Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico, male terminalia (MZSP). A, epandrium, cerci, surstyli, hypandrium, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, oblique posterior view. B-D, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, three views. B, oblique dorsal. C, left lateral. D, ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.1.20669.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/168901" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">5A</figureCitation>
) shorter than epandrium, anterior margin convex; posterior hypandrial process and dorsal arch absent; gonopod not microtrichose, connected to paraphysis by membranous tissue, bearing one seta on anterior inner margin. Aedeagus (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="37D1614A2A40E58D3B99C1BA518BE0D0" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Drosophila arizonae Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman, 1990 (Drosophila repleta group, Drosophila mulleri subgroup, Drosophila mojavensis complex). Strain formerly E 2.2 at NDSRC (later 15081 - 1271.4), from Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico, male terminalia (MZSP). A, epandrium, cerci, surstyli, hypandrium, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, oblique posterior view. B-D, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, three views. B, oblique dorsal. C, left lateral. D, ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.1.20669.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/168901" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">5B-D</figureCitation>
) short, weakly sclerotized at tip, submedially bearing a single ventral, anterad pointed spur (probably by fusion of two); dorsal cleft ca. 1/3 length of aedeagus (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="760759D8C2301F61FC3B75AF0EEB3BE9" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Drosophila arizonae Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman, 1990 (Drosophila repleta group, Drosophila mulleri subgroup, Drosophila mojavensis complex). Strain formerly E 2.2 at NDSRC (later 15081 - 1271.4), from Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico, male terminalia (MZSP). A, epandrium, cerci, surstyli, hypandrium, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, oblique posterior view. B-D, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, three views. B, oblique dorsal. C, left lateral. D, ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.1.20669.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/168901" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">5B</figureCitation>
); paraphysis not microtrichose, connected to gonopod by membranous tissue, distally double-walled, submedially bearing 1 setula adjacent to dorsal margin (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="014E855CBB5C5AAE6E14D6E08E68DE55" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Drosophila arizonae Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman, 1990 (Drosophila repleta group, Drosophila mulleri subgroup, Drosophila mojavensis complex). Strain formerly E 2.2 at NDSRC (later 15081 - 1271.4), from Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico, male terminalia (MZSP). A, epandrium, cerci, surstyli, hypandrium, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, oblique posterior view. B-D, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, three views. B, oblique dorsal. C, left lateral. D, ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.1.20669.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/168901" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">5C</figureCitation>
). Aedeagal apodeme curved ventrad, slightly shorter than aedeagus and fused to it, laterally flattened, posterodorsally bifid (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="2E24A44F794E6DEF575CAF7DEECC14D4" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Drosophila arizonae Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman, 1990 (Drosophila repleta group, Drosophila mulleri subgroup, Drosophila mojavensis complex). Strain formerly E 2.2 at NDSRC (later 15081 - 1271.4), from Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico, male terminalia (MZSP). A, epandrium, cerci, surstyli, hypandrium, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, oblique posterior view. B-D, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, three views. B, oblique dorsal. C, left lateral. D, ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.1.20669.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/168901" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">5B</figureCitation>
). Ventral rod as long as paraphysis, dorsoventrally flattened, completely fused to aedeagal apodeme (Figs 
<figureCitation id="BC5C07F39D861B15BAA313EB6C574E46" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Drosophila arizonae Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman, 1990 (Drosophila repleta group, Drosophila mulleri subgroup, Drosophila mojavensis complex). Strain formerly E 2.2 at NDSRC (later 15081 - 1271.4), from Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico, male terminalia (MZSP). A, epandrium, cerci, surstyli, hypandrium, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, oblique posterior view. B-D, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, three views. B, oblique dorsal. C, left lateral. D, ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.1.20669.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/168901" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">5B-D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="6A37B1ACCB4B2533A4267911FAE3E909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3488959" doi="10.3897/alpento.1.20669.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/168901" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="07196D79811FDC00311E9E0C5A9D20DB" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="FF7C90D48F3BDDBF34D7EE4DD161AC36" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5532DE1ADA56C9AAD8EAE8722B49F1F8" authorityName="Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drosophila arizonae" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonae">
<emphasis id="EFE785531094E1E31F910D11C69B148B" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Drosophila arizonae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ruiz, Heed &amp; Wasserman, 1990 (
<taxonomicName id="35639129766715EA854690B3BE6C7595" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drosophila repleta" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repleta">
<emphasis id="808333E6A4084F96B374205F5CB2F8CD" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Drosophila repleta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, 
<taxonomicName id="149053AC40ABA1D450B27E23EA3AE689" authorityName="Sturtevant" authorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drosophila mulleri" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mulleri">
<emphasis id="C9FB99277CA588C8745455546C820468" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Drosophila mulleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgroup, 
<taxonomicName id="7BC77F12076D717645026C744F376779" authorityName="Patterson" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drosophila mojavensis" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mojavensis">
<emphasis id="4C9642290CE5403DF60F13F2862D8CAD" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Drosophila mojavensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex). Strain formerly E2.2 at NDSRC (later 15081-1271.4), from Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico, male terminalia (MZSP). 
<emphasis id="ACD8F5318F90130B5C3B95FEDDC6E7B1" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
, epandrium, cerci, surstyli, hypandrium, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, oblique posterior view. 
<emphasis id="6FCF09138719F1B89DE2DD4E4C82B120" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">B-D</emphasis>
, aedeagus, paraphyses and aedeagal apodeme, three views. 
<emphasis id="60924F83B97889F7B3D8EEDA3E78402A" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">B</emphasis>
, oblique dorsal. 
<emphasis id="97256DC43A315C654CABBB9C0C41E6B6" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">C</emphasis>
, left lateral. 
<emphasis id="BC45B852334841C6ED077D335DFE4E13" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">D</emphasis>
, ventral. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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