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<document id="441A0DD383DECD3434CC325FBED93999" ID-CLB-Dataset="53332" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5288.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1bb291cc-9442-4973-8dd8-9cc79a0a432b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7958875" ID-ZooBank="7ABCE6CB-D92C-4B11-87F2-263B7163EEF2" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1684793450573" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Caldara, Roberto &amp; Košťál, Michael" docDate="2023" docId="890F87E5FFE6FFDEC4ACBCE5FB8DF9FB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5288.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5288 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5288.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Cionus ingratus Fahraeus" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="7536FF9DFFDBFFE1C43BB90BFFBBFFAA" masterDocTitle="A Taxonomic Revision Of The Afrotropical Species Of The Weevil Genus Cionus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1699506590563" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="53625E89AF1F21B1426FF2C5586C8EAC">A Taxonomic Revision Of The Afrotropical Species Of The Weevil Genus Cionus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="890F87E5FFE6FFDEC4ACBCE5FB8DF9FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7967212" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209629213" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7967212" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:890F87E5FFE6FFDEC4ACBCE5FB8DF9FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/890F87E5FFE6FFDEC4ACBCE5FB8DF9FB" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<subSubSection id="49BC6578FFE6FFDCC4ACBCE5FD25F9A2" box="[151,670,1517,1545]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE6FFDCC4ACBCE5FD25F9A2" blockId="61.[151,670,1517,1545]" box="[151,670,1517,1545]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE6FFDCC4ACBCE5FD25F9A2" bold="true" box="[151,670,1517,1545]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
33.
<taxonomicName id="C6A64D70FFE6FFDCC4F8BCE4FDB9F9A2" ID-CoL="5YV7M" authority="Fahraeus" authorityName="Fahraeus" box="[195,514,1517,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingratus">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE6FFDCC4F8BCE4FE3DF9A3" bold="true" box="[195,390,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Cionus ingratus</emphasis>
Fåhraeus
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="999D2A76FFE6FFDCC629BCE5FD2DF9A2" box="[530,662,1518,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 3334" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[200,1386,185,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-31@62.[196,1391,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 3334. FIGURE 33. Cionus ingratus. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. FIGURE 34. Cionus friedmani sp. n. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958913/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Figs 33af</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="49BC6578FFE6FFDCC4ACBF3FFDAEF9E1" box="[151,533,1587,1611]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE6FFDCC4ACBF3FFDAEF9E1" blockId="61.[151,533,1587,1611]" box="[151,533,1587,1611]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="21B611DDFFE6FFDCC4ACBF3FFDAEF9E1" box="[151,533,1587,1611]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<treatmentCitation id="800710E2FFE6FFDCC4ACBF3FFDAAF9E1" author="Fahraeus, O. I." box="[151,529,1587,1611]" page="251" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" year="1871">
<taxonomicName id="C6A64D70FFE6FFDCC4ACBF3FFDAAF9E1" ID-CoL="5YV7M" authority="Fahraeus, 1871: 251" authorityName="Fahraeus" authorityPageNumber="251" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,529,1587,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingratus">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE6FFDCC4ACBF3FFE82F9E1" box="[151,313,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Cionus ingratus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="65374B02FFE6FFDCC57BBF38FDAAF9E1" author="Fahraeus, O. I." box="[320,529,1587,1611]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="197 - 291" refId="ref85431" refString="Fahraeus, O. I. (1871) Coleoptera Caffrarise, annis 1838 - 1845 a J. A. Wahlberg collecta. Curculionides descripsit. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps - Akaderuiens Forhaudlingar Stockholm, 28, 197 - 291." type="journal article" year="1871">Fåhraeus, 1871: 251</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="49BC6578FFE6FFDCC4ACBF71FBD5F889" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE6FFDCC4ACBF71FDD9F939" blockId="61.[151,1437,1657,1972]" box="[151,610,1657,1684]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE6FFDCC4ACBF71FE9CF939" box="[151,295,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<typeStatus id="DE1D8851FFE6FFDCC4ACBF71FF70F939" box="[151,203,1658,1683]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
. “Caffraria” (
<collectingCountry id="79B17663FFE6FFDCC5FABF72FDEDF939" box="[449,598,1657,1683]" name="South Africa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">South Africa</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE6FFDCC4FCBF95FBD5F889" blockId="61.[151,1437,1657,1972]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE6FFDCC4FCBF95FEFEF91D" box="[199,325,1694,1719]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Type series</emphasis>
. This species was described from specimens collected in “Caffraria” (
<collectingCountry id="79B17663FFE6FFDCC059BF96FB4DF91D" box="[1122,1270,1693,1719]" name="South Africa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">South Africa</collectingCountry>
) without more precise data. In
<collectionCode id="67B7AE36FFE6FFDCC56BBFCAFE20F971" box="[336,411,1729,1755]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">NHRS</collectionCode>
we examined
<specimenCount id="17A0FD7AFFE6FFDCC67EBFC9FD78F971" box="[581,707,1729,1756]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
labelled “Caffra, ria [sic] / J. Sahlb. / Typus /
<taxonomicName id="C6A64D70FFE6FFDCC0CABFCAFA30F971" authority="Boh." authorityName="Boh." box="[1265,1419,1729,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingratus">ingratus Boh.</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="C6A64D70FFE6FFDCC4ACBFEEFEE8F955" authority="Bohem." authorityName="Bohem." authorityYear="2023" box="[151,339,1765,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingratus" status="sp. nov.">ingratus Bohem.</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="28E1579AFFE6FFDCC560BFEDFE21F8AA" box="[347,410,1766,1792]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
2122 [big rectangular white card]”, which we designated as the
<typeStatus id="DE1D8851FFE6FFDCC0ABBFEEFB4CF955" box="[1168,1271,1765,1791]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
by adding the following label “
<typeStatus id="DE1D8851FFE6FFDCC569BE02FE4EF889" box="[338,501,1801,1827]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="C6A64D70FFE6FFDCC5C7BE02FCA3F88E" authority="Fahraeus" authorityName="Fahraeus" box="[508,792,1801,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingratus">Cionus ingratus Fåhraeus</taxonomicName>
des. Caldara &amp; Košťál 2014”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="49BC6578FFE6FFDCC4FCBE25FAD7F819" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE6FFDCC4FCBE25FAD7F819" blockId="61.[151,1437,1657,1972]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE6FFDCC4FCBE25FEFBF8ED" box="[199,320,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Rostrum stout, short. Pronotum with four moderately pronounced protuberances. Elytra short, with prominent humeri, covered with grayish to light brown scales, with more or less numerous dark brown scales at base and in middle of first four interstriae, with a few suberect scales on odd interstriae, interstria 3 at base carinate, striae not visible. Claws distinctly asymmetrical in male, one claw very short, almost completely connate with other.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="55D9667BFFE5FFDFC4ACBE7EFC75F853" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958913" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7958913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958913/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" startId="62.[151,264,1909,1933]" targetBox="[200,1386,185,1881]" targetPageId="62" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE5FFDFC4ACBE7EFC75F853" blockId="62.[151,1437,1909,2041]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE5FFDFC4ACBE7EFE5DF827" bold="true" box="[151,486,1909,1933]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">FIGURES 3334. FIGURE 33.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C6A64D70FFE5FFDFC5D6BE7EFD2BF827" box="[493,656,1909,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingratus">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE5FFDFC5D6BE7EFD2BF827" box="[493,656,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Cionus ingratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE5FFDFC0F9BE92FAF6F81B" bold="true" box="[1218,1357,1945,1969]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 34.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C6A64D70FFE5FFDFC16FBE92FF41F87F" authority="Caldara &amp; Košťál, 2023" authorityName="Caldara &amp; Košťál" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friedmani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE5FFDFC16FBE92FF41F87F" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Cionus friedmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE5FFDFC53ABEB6FE87F87F" bold="true" box="[257,316,1981,2005]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="28E1579AFFE5FFDFC53ABEB6FE87F87F" box="[257,316,1981,2005]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. Not to scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="49BC6578FFE4FFDEC4FCB99CFAB7FB6F" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE4FFDEC4FCB99CFAE8FB9F" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC4FCB99CFED1FF1B" box="[199,362,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Redescription.</emphasis>
Male (
<figureCitation id="999D2A76FFE4FFDEC584B99CFDFFFF1B" box="[447,580,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 3334" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[200,1386,185,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-31@62.[196,1391,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 3334. FIGURE 33. Cionus ingratus. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. FIGURE 34. Cionus friedmani sp. n. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958913/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Figs 33ab</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC661B99CFD19FF1B" bold="true" box="[602,674,151,177]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Body:</emphasis>
short, globose.
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC765B99CFC1CFF1B" bold="true" box="[862,935,151,177]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Head:</emphasis>
rostrum stout, short (Rl/Rw 3.223.27, Rl/ Pl 1.281.34), blackish; in lateral view weakly curved, in dorsal view parallel-sided to antennal insertion, then widened to apex, distinctly striate-punctate from base to apex, with moderately dense, subrecumbent to recumbent, elongated (l/w 47), grayish scales. Head between eyes concave, moderately narrow, 0.7× as wide as rostrum at base, with dense, elliptical, grayish scales forming a distinct comb around apex of eyes. Eyes flat. Antennae reddish with dark brown club, inserted between middle and apical third; scape long (l/w 9); funicle half as long as scape, S1 slightly more robust than and as long as S2, 2.5× as long as wide,
<geoCoordinate id="64925034FFE4FFDEC7CAB864FB81FE23" box="[1009,1082,367,393]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="2.7" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="92" value="-2.045">S2 2.7</geoCoordinate>
× as long as wide, S34 as long as wide, S5 transverse; club oblongly oval, shorter than funicle, pubescent.
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC033B898FB31FE07" bold="true" box="[1032,1162,403,429]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Pronotum:</emphasis>
black, with moderately irregular, very small, indistinct, very shallow punctures completely hidden by recumbent, dense, imbricate, variously oriented, elongated (l/w 58), elliptical scales being mostly grayish, but brown in mediobasal area; conical, distinctly transverse (Pw/Pl 1.681.74), widest at base, with rectilinear sides, weakly convex on disc, with four transversely arranged distinct protuberances with tufts of erect white scales.
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC071BB28FB59FD97" bold="true" box="[1098,1250,547,573]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Prosternum:</emphasis>
anterior margin distinctly emarginated.
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC5A5BB4DFDE4FDCA" bold="true" box="[414,607,582,608]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Scutellar shield:</emphasis>
heart-shaped, densely covered with brown scales.
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC0ACBB4CFB56FDCB" bold="true" box="[1175,1261,583,609]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Elytra:</emphasis>
black, globose, short (El/Ew 1.071.10), widest at middle, distinctly wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.751.80), humeri prominent, sides weakly rounded, moderately convex on disc; interstriae flat, almost straight except interstria 3 at base sinuate and more convex, with moderately irregular, very small, indistinct, very shallow punctures, completely hidden by recumbent, dense, imbricate, variously oriented, grayish to light brown scales, at base and in middle of first four interstriae with more or less numerous dark brown scales, odd interstriae with few suberect scales; striae not visible, slightly narrower than interstriae, with punctures moderately deep, intervals between punctures situated at same level as interstriae.
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC58ABA48FDB1FCF7" bold="true" box="[433,522,835,861]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Venter:</emphasis>
mesosternal process slightly convex, moderately emarginated. Metasternum 0.6× as long as V1. Abdomen with moderately irregular, very small, indistinct, very shallow punctures feebly visible between elongated whitish scales being elliptical at sides and longer, hair-like in middle; V1 1.8× as long as V2; V1+2 4.4× as long as V3+4, latter ones as long as V5.
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC6C4BAA4FCFBFC63" bold="true" box="[767,832,943,969]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Legs:</emphasis>
integument feebly visible between moderately dense, elongated, grayish scales; femora black, with robust sharp teeth; tibiae brown; tarsi brown, with onychium as long as T13 combined; claws distinctly asymmetrical, partially connate, one claw 1/3 as long as other.
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC0F7BAFDFAADFBBA" bold="true" box="[1228,1302,1014,1040]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Penis:</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="999D2A76FFE4FFDEC126BAFCFA23FBBB" box="[1309,1432,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 3334" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[200,1386,185,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-31@62.[196,1391,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 3334. FIGURE 33. Cionus ingratus. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. FIGURE 34. Cionus friedmani sp. n. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958913/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Figs 33df</figureCitation>
, its body slightly narrowed from base to apex, tip short, subacute. Flagellum robust, short, bifurcated at base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE4FFDEC4FCBD34FB77FBF3" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,1617]" box="[199,1228,1087,1113]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
Female. Rostrum longer (Rl/Rw 3.703.76; Rl/Pl 1.221.27) (
<figureCitation id="999D2A76FFE4FFDEC744BD34FC64FBF3" box="[895,991,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURES 3334" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[200,1386,185,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-31@62.[196,1391,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 3334. FIGURE 33. Cionus ingratus. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. FIGURE 34. Cionus friedmani sp. n. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958913/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 33c</figureCitation>
), claws symmetrical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE4FFDEC4FCBD68FAB7FB6F" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
Variability. Length
<quantity id="C65E9B16FFE4FFDEC59EBD68FD8AFBD7" box="[421,561,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.9">2.93.2 mm</quantity>
. The above reported description of the dorsal pattern matches the
<typeStatus id="DE1D8851FFE4FFDEC114BD68FA22FBD7" box="[1327,1433,1123,1149]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. Dark brown scales sometimes more numerous at the base of pronotum and especially on elytral interstriae 14, where they form a filled semicircle divided from the basal macula by a transverse band of pale scales.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="49BC6578FFE4FFDEC4FCBDC4FD75FAFF" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE4FFDEC4FCBDC4FD75FAFF" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC4FCBDC4FE8AFB43" box="[199,305,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is usually easy to identify especially thanks to the characteristic pattern on the elytral disc. Similarly as in
<taxonomicName id="C6A64D70FFE4FFDEC5B9BDF8FDAAFAA7" authorityName="Caldara &amp; Košťál" authorityYear="2023" box="[386,529,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friedmani">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC5B9BDF8FDAAFAA7" box="[386,529,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. friedmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is another species with a distinctive drawing on the elytra, also here are specimens with elytral vestiture almost uniformly light brown. In this case,
<taxonomicName id="C6A64D70FFE4FFDEC7E5BC1CFBE0FA9A" box="[990,1115,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingratus">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC7E5BC1CFBE0FA9A" box="[990,1115,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. ingratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="C6A64D70FFE4FFDEC0D6BC1CFAC1FA9B" authorityName="Caldara &amp; Košťál" authorityYear="2023" box="[1261,1402,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friedmani">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC0D6BC1CFAC1FA9B" box="[1261,1402,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. friedmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by shorter and less arcuate rostrum and shorter elytra.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="49BC6578FFE4FFDEC4FCBC54FD3AFAD3" box="[199,641,1375,1401]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE4FFDEC4FCBC54FD3AFAD3" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,1617]" box="[199,641,1375,1401]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC4FCBC54FE3EFAD2" box="[199,389,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Biological notes.</emphasis>
No data are available.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="49BC6578FFE4FFDEC4FCBC88FCDBFA37" box="[199,864,1411,1437]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE4FFDEC4FCBC88FCDBFA37" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,1617]" box="[199,864,1411,1437]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC4FCBC88FEE3FA37" box="[199,344,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="79B17663FFE4FFDEC565BC88FE56FA37" box="[350,493,1411,1437]" name="South Africa" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="C362F811FFE4FFDEC5C0BC88FD14FA37" box="[507,687,1411,1437]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="C362F811FFE4FFDEC681BC88FCE8FA37" box="[698,851,1411,1437]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="49BC6578FFE4FFDEC4FCBCACFB8DF9FB" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="011936F3FFE4FFDEC4FCBCACFB8DF9FB" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC4FCBCACFDA0FA6B" box="[199,539,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Non-type material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B1CE3CAEFFE4FFDEC613BCADFCD8FA4F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4116773335" collectingDate="2015-12-01" collectionCode="MKCS" collectorName="Kostal" country="South Africa" elevation="1200" latitude="-29.751389" location="Underberg" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="29.933887" municipality="Deepdale" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC613BCADFCB7FA6A" bold="true" box="[552,780,1446,1472]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<collectingCountry id="79B17663FFE4FFDEC613BCADFCBCFA6A" box="[552,775,1446,1472]" name="South Africa" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC721BCACFC6AFA6B" box="[794,977,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<collectingRegion id="C362F811FFE4FFDEC721BCACFC77FA6B" box="[794,972,1447,1473]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="E17DAC89FFE4FFDEC7E4BCACFBF2FA6B" box="[991,1097,1447,1473]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Deepdale</collectingMunicipality>
env. pr.
<location id="04796028FFE4FFDEC087BCACFA88FA6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:890F87E5FFE6FFDEC4ACBCE5FB8DF9FB:04796028FFE4FFDEC087BCACFA88FA6B" box="[1212,1331,1447,1473]" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.751389" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="29.933887" municipality="Deepdale" name="Underberg" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Underberg</location>
<quantity id="C65E9B16FFE4FFDEC17ABCACFA27FA6B" box="[1345,1436,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation id="8A8BD1C0FFE4FFDEC17ABCACFA27FA6B" box="[1345,1436,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
<geoCoordinate id="64925034FFE4FFDEC4ACBCC0FEA2FA4F" box="[151,281,1482,1509]" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="15" seconds="5" value="-29.751389">S 29°455”</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="64925034FFE4FFDEC51EBCC0FE11FA4F" box="[293,426,1482,1509]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="15" seconds="2" value="29.933887">E 29°562”</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="75181033FFE4FFDEC580BCC1FD94FA4F" box="[443,559,1482,1509]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2015-12-01">
<collectingDate id="655CE9DBFFE4FFDEC580BCC1FD94FA4F" box="[443,559,1482,1509]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2015-12-01">1.xii.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="AC535325FFE4FFDEC64FBCC0FD7FFA4F" box="[628,708,1483,1509]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Košťál</collectorName>
” (
<specimenCount id="17A0FD7AFFE4FFDEC6DFBCC0FD4AFA4F" box="[740,753,1483,1509]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">1</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="67B7AE36FFE4FFDEC738BCC0FCECFA4F" box="[771,855,1483,1509]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">MKCS</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="B1CE3CAEFFE4FFDEC755BCC0FD58F9A3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4116773331" collectingDate="1983-11-29" collectionCode="RCCM, SANC" collectorName="Oberprieler" latitude="-33.316666" location="Grahamstown" longLatPrecision="1205" longitude="26.533333" municipality="Grahamstown" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<emphasis id="33D2EAE1FFE4FFDEC755BCC0FBAEFA4F" box="[878,1045,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<collectingRegion id="C362F811FFE4FFDEC755BCC0FBB5FA4F" box="[878,1038,1483,1509]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="E17DAC89FFE4FFDEC01BBCC0FB7BFA4F" box="[1056,1216,1483,1509]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Grahamstown</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="64925034FFE4FFDEC0EBBCC0FA97FA4F" box="[1232,1324,1483,1509]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="925" value="-33.316666">33°19S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="64925034FFE4FFDEC103BCC0FA2CFA4F" box="[1336,1431,1483,1509]" degrees="26" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="925" value="26.533333">26°32E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="75181033FFE4FFDEC4ACBCE4FEA2F9A3" box="[151,281,1519,1545]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1983-11-29">
<collectingDate id="655CE9DBFFE4FFDEC4ACBCE4FEA2F9A3" box="[151,281,1519,1545]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1983-11-29">29.XI.1983</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="AC535325FFE4FFDEC51DBCE4FE1CF9A3" box="[294,423,1519,1545]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Oberprieler</collectorName>
leg. (
<specimenCount id="17A0FD7AFFE4FFDEC5D6BCE4FE41F9A3" box="[493,506,1519,1545]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">1</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="67B7AE36FFE4FFDEC632BCE4FDE5F9A3" box="[521,606,1519,1545]" collectionName="RCCM" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">RCCM</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCount id="17A0FD7AFFE4FFDEC651BCE4FDC1F9A3" box="[618,634,1519,1545]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">2</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="67B7AE36FFE4FFDEC6B3BCE4FD63F9A3" box="[648,728,1519,1545]" collectionName="South Africa, Pretoria, South African National Collection of Insects" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="B1CE3CAEFFE4FFDEC6D7BCE4FEFCF987" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4116773342" collectingDate="1983-12-03" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="Oberprieler" latitude="-32.583332" location="Hogsback Mount" longLatPrecision="1209" longitude="27.083334" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1">
<location id="04796028FFE4FFDEC6D7BCE4FC08F9A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:890F87E5FFE6FFDEC4ACBCE5FB8DF9FB:04796028FFE4FFDEC6D7BCE4FC08F9A3" box="[748,947,1519,1545]" latitude="-32.583332" longLatPrecision="1209" longitude="27.083334" name="Hogsback Mount" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Hogsback Mount</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="64925034FFE4FFDEC784BCE5FBA0F9A3" box="[959,1051,1518,1545]" degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="925" value="-32.583332">32°35S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="64925034FFE4FFDEC018BCE5FB3FF9A3" box="[1059,1156,1518,1545]" degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="925" value="27.083334">27°05E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="75181033FFE4FFDEC0AABCE4FAB5F9A3" box="[1169,1294,1519,1545]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1983-12-03">
<collectingDate id="655CE9DBFFE4FFDEC0AABCE4FAB5F9A3" box="[1169,1294,1519,1545]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1983-12-03">3.XII.1983</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="AC535325FFE4FFDEC120BCE4FA27F9A3" box="[1307,1436,1519,1545]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Oberprieler</collectorName>
leg. (
<specimenCount id="17A0FD7AFFE4FFDEC4E9BF18FF64F987" box="[210,223,1555,1581]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">1</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="67B7AE36FFE4FFDEC4D7BF18FE87F987" box="[236,316,1555,1581]" collectionName="South Africa, Pretoria, South African National Collection of Insects" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="B1CE3CAEFFE4FFDEC575BF18FAB7F987" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4116773329" box="[334,1292,1554,1581]" collectingDate="2013-11-17" collectionCode="MHNW" collectorName="Wanat" elevation="995" latitude="-32.883335" location="Kologha Forest" longLatPrecision="1208" longitude="27.6" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1">
<location id="04796028FFE4FFDEC575BF18FE45F987" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:890F87E5FFE6FFDEC4ACBCE5FB8DF9FB:04796028FFE4FFDEC575BF18FE45F987" box="[334,510,1555,1581]" latitude="-32.883335" longLatPrecision="1208" longitude="27.6" name="Kologha Forest" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Kologha Forest</location>
,
<quantity id="C65E9B16FFE4FFDEC632BF19FD2CF987" box="[521,663,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.95" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="9.4" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="995.0" valueMax="1050.0" valueMin="940.0">
<elevation id="8A8BD1C0FFE4FFDEC632BF19FD2CF987" box="[521,663,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.95" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="9.4" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="995.0" valueMax="1050.0" valueMin="940.0">9401050 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="64925034FFE4FFDEC698BF19FD45F987" box="[675,766,1554,1581]" degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="925" value="-32.883335">32°53S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="64925034FFE4FFDEC73EBF18FCDDF987" box="[773,870,1555,1581]" degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="925" value="27.6">27°36E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="75181033FFE4FFDEC74BBF18FC49F987" box="[880,1010,1555,1581]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2013-11-17">
<collectingDate id="655CE9DBFFE4FFDEC74BBF18FC49F987" box="[880,1010,1555,1581]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2013-11-17">17.XI.2013</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="AC535325FFE4FFDEC016BF18FBCFF987" box="[1069,1140,1555,1581]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Wanat</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="17A0FD7AFFE4FFDEC0BDBF18FB28F987" box="[1158,1171,1555,1581]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">1</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="67B7AE36FFE4FFDEC0A4BF18FB40F987" box="[1183,1275,1555,1581]" collectionName="MHNW" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">MHNW</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="B1CE3CAEFFE4FFDEC129BF18FB89F9FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4116773466" collectingDate="2017-11-27" collectionCode="MKCS" collectorName="Kostal" elevation="1200" latitude="-32.483334" location="Winterberge Mts." longLatPrecision="1210" longitude="26.783333" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="2">
<location id="04796028FFE4FFDEC129BF18FF77F9FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:890F87E5FFE6FFDEC4ACBCE5FB8DF9FB:04796028FFE4FFDEC129BF18FF77F9FB" latitude="-32.483334" longLatPrecision="1210" longitude="26.783333" name="Winterberge Mts." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Winterberge Mts.</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="10AB2FD1FFE4FFDEC4E3BF3DFEF1F9FB" bearing="0.0" box="[216,330,1590,1617]" distance="5000.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<quantity id="C65E9B16FFE4FFDEC4E3BF3DFEAAF9FB" box="[216,273,1590,1617]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
N of
</locationDeviation>
g,
<quantity id="C65E9B16FFE4FFDEC556BF3CFE7FF9FB" box="[365,452,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation id="8A8BD1C0FFE4FFDEC556BF3CFE7FF9FB" box="[365,452,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="64925034FFE4FFDEC5EBBF3CFD97F9FB" box="[464,556,1591,1617]" degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="925" value="-32.483334">32°29S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="64925034FFE4FFDEC608BF3CFD2AF9FB" box="[563,657,1591,1617]" degrees="26" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="925" value="26.783333">26°47E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="75181033FFE4FFDEC6A4BF3CFC9AF9FB" box="[671,801,1591,1617]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2017-11-27">
<collectingDate id="655CE9DBFFE4FFDEC6A4BF3CFC9AF9FB" box="[671,801,1591,1617]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2017-11-27">27.XI.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="AC535325FFE4FFDEC767BF3CFC12F9FB" box="[860,937,1591,1617]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Košťál</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="17A0FD7AFFE4FFDEC781BF3CFC71F9FB" box="[954,970,1591,1617]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">2</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="67B7AE36FFE4FFDEC7EDBF3CFB91F9FB" box="[982,1066,1591,1617]" collectionName="MKCS" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">MKCS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>