treatments-xml/data/88/E2/18/88E218E6C3E5501AA23C364F81FA6BCD.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.235.112839" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-235-249" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4C22DB9279165E0BB4E8F10ACDD720EB" ModsDocID="1314-2003-235-249" checkinTime="1700659031841" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Meeprom, Nattanon, Boonthasak, Weereesa, Attasook, Yanatshara &amp; Thunthawanich, Raweewan" docDate="2023" docId="88E218E6C3E5501AA23C364F81FA6BCD" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 235: 249-270" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 235" docPubDate="2023-11-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.235.112839" docTitle="Fernandoa adenophylla (Wall. ex G. Don) Steenis, Blumea 23 (1): 135. 1976; et Fl. Males., Ser. 1, Spermat. 8 (2): 158. 1977; Kochummen in Ng, Tree Fl. Malaya 3: 39. 1978; Santisuk &amp; J. E. Vidal in J. - F. Leroy, Fl. Cambodge Laos Vietnam 22: 39. t. 5, fig. 1. 1985; Santisuk in Smitinand &amp; K. Larsen, Fl. Thailand 5 (1): 47. 1987." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="4C22DB9279165E0BB4E8F10ACDD720EB" lastPageNumber="249" masterDocId="4C22DB9279165E0BB4E8F10ACDD720EB" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of Thai Fernandoa Welw. ex Seem. (Bignoniaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="270" masterPageNumber="249" pageNumber="249" updateTime="1700659031841" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="33796EF8D04D707C07DA881FB9DE7F09">A taxonomic revision of Thai Fernandoa Welw. ex Seem. (Bignoniaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0EDE3B36B37CE9FE966F11721DCA0EF0">Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="23D265EBDE34380E536EE0AD7E49FA16">Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F9C222F2B35684EDAC68679E3103BFF2">Meeprom, Nattanon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="248519B65ACEB6213557CDE2B1D1802E">Biodiversity Center, Kasetsart University (BDCKU), Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="11350FCA7D3801E35B15597F65D1F473">Boonthasak, Weereesa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D0F6A6085E6E58BA77DAF2C18CC34BFD">Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5AC249DC42B4A306270003171BF8C3FB">Attasook, Yanatshara</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4A8797C806C396FF98163E2AB07E3577">Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="83B3C5265359FBEB676F58A1D4DF9634">Thunthawanich, Raweewan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="47837A4939AF0E02FDB86C4A499DB902">Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8E7CA5D04550B45AEC8107771AB3C783" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
1. 
<taxonomicName id="72B0EDDC68EA541E64C920182B4F01E3" ID-CoL="99NFY" LSID="88E218E6-C3E5-501A-A23C-364F81FA6BCD" authority="(Wall. ex G. Don) Steenis, Blumea 23 (1): 135. 1976; et Fl. Males., Ser. 1, Spermat. 8 (2): 158. 1977; Kochummen in Ng, Tree Fl. Malaya 3: 39. 1978; Santisuk &amp; J. E. Vidal in J. - F. Leroy, Fl. Cambodge Laos Vietnam 22: 39. t. 5, fig. 1. 1985; Santisuk in Smitinand &amp; K. Larsen, Fl. Thailand 5 (1): 47. 1987." authorityName="(Wall. ex G. Don) Steenis, Blumea 23 (1): 135. 1976; et Fl. Males., Ser. 1, Spermat. 8 (2): 158. 1977; Kochummen in Ng, Tree Fl. Malaya 3: 39. 1978; Santisuk &amp; J. E. Vidal in J. - F. Leroy, Fl. Cambodge Laos Vietnam 22: 39. t. 5, fig. 1. 1985; Santisuk in Smitinand &amp; K. Larsen, Fl. Thailand 5 (1): 47. 1987." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Fernandoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fernandoa adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">Fernandoa adenophylla (Wall. ex G. Don) Steenis, Blumea 23(1): 135. 1976; et Fl. Males., Ser. 1, Spermat. 8(2): 158. 1977; Kochummen in Ng, Tree Fl. Malaya 3: 39. 1978; Santisuk &amp; J. E. Vidal in J.-F. Leroy, Fl. Cambodge Laos Vietnam 22: 39. t. 5, fig. 1. 1985; Santisuk in Smitinand &amp; K. Larsen, Fl. Thailand 5(1): 47. 1987.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7FDC0C4480C8F5D879BFBD0C2091FB8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<figureCitation id="8EF48485AA5FA491E111D6701A6FEFCA" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Fernandoa adenophylla A habitat and habit B bark C branch and leaves D branches, leaves and inflorescences E inflorescences and flowers F branches, leaves, inflorescences and fruits G winged seeds. Photos: Yanatshara Attasook (A, B) Chatchai Ngernsaengsaruay (C - G)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.235.112839.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940586" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0FCAEDD8F5B1FC496EDF5FEB5DDDB6F9" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Lectotype of Fernandoa adenophylla, Wallich 6502 A (G [G 00133642]) from Ava, Myanmar. Photo: Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Geneve, Geneve, Switzerland https: // www. ville-ge. ch / musinfo / bd / cjb / chg / adetail. php? id = 55790 &amp; lang = en." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.235.112839.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940587" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">, 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="354B3AB49A833F6B038E527213F49ACD" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="783E2F1803291E6856C6E4124161AAD2" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<taxonomicName id="05F26E13DDBD62E8A700CC21CD5C3ED6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Bignonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bignonia adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">Bignonia adenophylla</taxonomicName>
≡ 
<taxonomicName id="ACCFADB6F39678BCB18D83257555C01A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Bignonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bignonia adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">Bignonia adenophylla</taxonomicName>
Wall. [Numer. List: 221. 
<emphasis id="7E134694F94E40AA8720F92FF0CD7C23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502</emphasis>
, nom. nud.] ex G. Don, A Gen. Hist. 4: 221. 1838.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="601436BC29B14502B53670D28619846F" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<taxonomicName id="0E7FE4E918ADF7021484644368CAA1BD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Spathodea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spathodea adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">Spathodea adenophylla</taxonomicName>
≡ 
<taxonomicName id="8F8A632752B9C633092059D4EB0B21FF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Spathodea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spathodea adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">Spathodea adenophylla</taxonomicName>
(Wall. ex G. Don) DC., Prodr. 9: 206. 1845.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE3160E44CD6A1DD30398B9A4FD55932" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<taxonomicName id="3108104F0DED69A4049C57B838A6438C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Heterophragma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heterophragma adenophyllum" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophyllum">Heterophragma adenophyllum</taxonomicName>
≡ 
<taxonomicName id="C88F04584E0B33A9D7AD6B66676F3E37" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Heterophragma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heterophragma adenophyllum" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophyllum">Heterophragma adenophyllum</taxonomicName>
(Wall. ex G. Don) Seem., J. Bot. 8: 340. 1870.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A4FBF7097932B55B40AC13DFC7389BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<taxonomicName id="ECB69F7F48DB18D01A7391161DC25CE4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Haplophragma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Haplophragma adenophyllum" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophyllum">Haplophragma adenophyllum</taxonomicName>
≡ 
<taxonomicName id="B0E5B460F811D31B415FA63FFBF1DE52" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Haplophragma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Haplophragma adenophyllum" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophyllum">Haplophragma adenophyllum</taxonomicName>
(Wall. ex G. Don) Dop, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 72: 890. 1925.
</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="D87EDE8CC1ED2ABC1AFE56326987BECB">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FEA59DE4FFFBA099E440C3C04FAABC9E" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<materialsCitation id="ECF073E33E2C6ACC83FD4A46F2818B20" collectingDate="1826-10-12" country="Myanmar" location="Ava" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="491D21AEDF6EEC33B7D039F257D8FC8A" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, 
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, 
<collectingDate id="1C82AFD4F9721A7EF7E2753431214E67" value="1826-10-12">12 Oct 1826</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis id="E41122B86BFDCCFF75322E4CAE6A7AA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich 6502A</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="41633944659DED8E95C7C2E4AEB509CC">lectotype</typeStatus>
, first step designated by 
<bibRefCitation id="43E180A787FFAE74A1BEA81F538779E3" author="van Steenis, CGGJ" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="121 - 138" refId="B48" refString="van Steenis, CGGJ, 1976. Conspectus of the genera Radermachera and Fernandoa in Indo-Malesia (Bignoniaceae). Blumea 23 (1): 121 - 138" title="Conspectus of the genera Radermachera and Fernandoa in Indo-Malesia (Bignoniaceae)." volume="23" year="1976">van Steenis (1976</bibRefCitation>
: 135), G [without barcode], second step designated here G [G00133642, photo seen]; isolectotypes K-W [K001124064, photo seen], G [G00134691, G00134695, photos seen], P [P00609736, photo seen].
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="6673517C9AF8E041C705DB8A5801412A" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="description">
<paragraph id="1FC93D1EEDE0C5BB8D2627D45C429BBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C23ACDFA39C53BA3B75A76433A6EB9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
Trees deciduous, 5-15(-20) m tall, up to 170 cm girth; bark irregularly cracked, corky, grey to greyish-brown; young branches densely stellate and dendroid tomentose. 
<emphasis id="129A6E36F8B3EF24ACCFFED0ACA653EA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Leaves</emphasis>
decussate; petioles very short or up to 1.5 cm long; rachises 6-41 cm long, 4-angular, channelled above; petioles and rachises densely stellate and dendroid tomentose; leaflets 5-9, opposite, laminas variable in shape, size, apex and base, obovate, elliptic, ovate, oblong, suborbicular or orbicular, the terminal leaflets largest, 10.5-46.5 
<normalizedToken id="CCA93214359668E367D60564888050BE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.5-28 cm, the lateral leaflets 3-33 
<normalizedToken id="026C1E53E8E00EEE9B261835E48BC566" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-21 cm, the lowest pair of leaflets near the base of petiole much reduced, resembling foliaceous pseudostipules, 0.5-8.5 
<normalizedToken id="9618443C2674844878D0382073B9E60E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-7 cm, apex obtuse, rounded, acute, acuminate, cuspidate or emarginate, base cuneate, oblique, obtuse, truncate, cordate or subcordate, margin entire or repand, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, except densely stellate and dendroid tomentose along midrib and basal part of lateral veins above, densely stellate and dendroid tomentose below, with scattered glands on both surfaces, midrib and lateral veins raised below, lateral veins 4-11 pairs, curving and connected in loops near the margin, veinlets reticulate, with small hairy domatia in the axil of lateral veins below; petiolules very short. 
<emphasis id="0333C478B9EF32D10F248BB1DD42C581" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Inflorescence</emphasis>
a thyrse, 10-65 cm, erect, lax-flowered; peduncles 2-10 cm long; rachises 10-53 cm long; peduncles, axes and pedicels with dense stellate and dendroid tomentose. 
<emphasis id="71DF0A083C8B10B686EB45AAFB71799E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Flowers</emphasis>
: calyx yellowish-green, thick, 5-ribbed, persistent, densely yellowish-brown dendroid tomentose outside, glabrous inside, campanulate, 2-4.5 
<normalizedToken id="AB099D0D778D53D85E0D6988609E904F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-3 cm, bilabiate, 5-lobed, upper lobes (posterior) 3 and lower lobes (anterior) 2, subequal or unequal, lobes triangular, 0.7-1.8 
<normalizedToken id="354ED2A883376EE0A888E60961F6A450" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.4-1.7 cm, apex acute; corolla yellowish-green, creamy white to pale yellow, thick, densely yellowish-brown dendroid tomentose outside, glabrous inside, corolla tube curved, constricted between basal and upper parts, basal tube short cylindrical, widened towards the base, 1.5-2.5 cm long, 1-2.5 cm wide at base, upper tube widened towards the mouth, campanulate, 3-5.5 cm long, 3.5-5 cm wide at mouth, bilabiate, 5-lobed, upper lobes 2 and lower lobes 3, subequal or unequal, lobes suborbicular or broadly obovate, 2.5-4 
<normalizedToken id="CD750BDF08022BB59A44E0A962EDCB19" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.4-5.5 cm, apex rounded, crisped; stamens 4, didynamous, subexserted, longer pair 3.2-5.5 cm long, shorter pair 3-4.5 cm long, filaments arcuate, creamy white to pale yellow, glabrous, anthers 5-9 mm long; staminode 1, needle-like, 0.7-2.2 cm long; disc annular, surrounding the base of ovary, creamy white to pale yellow; ovary cylindrical, 0.6-1.5 cm long, with (6-)10 longitudinal ridges, densely dendroid tomentose, style slender, 3-5 cm long, creamy white to pale yellow, glabrous, stigma 2-lobed, 4-7 mm long. 
<emphasis id="2F835D33691223B74E31BE41A99875EB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fruits</emphasis>
cylindrical, 34-85 
<normalizedToken id="3DBE7530ECC944FABBD933B62016DA18" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-3.5 cm, green turning brown when dry, twisted, with (6-)10 prominent longitudinal ridges, densely yellowish-brown dendroid tomentose, septum 2-3 mm thick, 1-1.5 cm wide. 
<emphasis id="7A2C6E9367C9047680E4CBE019B45A2A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Seeds</emphasis>
flat, rather rectangular with a lateral hyaline-membranous wing, 1.5-4 
<normalizedToken id="18155EB6CBC30191607662A9DD59F6CE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.6-1.4 cm.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A007CFC609CDC0DB9FFEBA37FB2329A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="89B79FBD02407D478E689D79B4B7A5B0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CD172198F8701485B874256584085DEC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Fernandoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fernandoa adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">
<emphasis id="377E2B04E55BF18B959573C6C76E25A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fernandoa adenophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="BF8543DEC054ECE016DEC8D2FBC2EDE0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">A</emphasis>
habitat and habit 
<emphasis id="8D7B97BC24476D21FF3E851C95028D69" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">B</emphasis>
bark 
<emphasis id="3649F2C6B647358BCF014BB7C61ACF68" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">C</emphasis>
branch and leaves 
<emphasis id="0A59AD2F63316544F0183336DB715691" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">D</emphasis>
branches, leaves and inflorescences 
<emphasis id="FF9A479CC696FE6EA7A9CDA12840795E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">E</emphasis>
inflorescences and flowers 
<emphasis id="50CD9EA8D5D1AC8ACE44A77FD4B2EA2D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">F</emphasis>
branches, leaves, inflorescences and fruits 
<emphasis id="0B63065BC129246E2BAED99D7CC8DC41" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">G</emphasis>
winged seeds. Photos: Yanatshara Attasook (
<emphasis id="9D7B5B929A729D3ABFF56139748253C8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">A</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="47FE1E840CDE892DF9ED0B6BC6312A5B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">B</emphasis>
) Chatchai Ngernsaengsaruay (
<emphasis id="32DB16EF75EB04531930C1E207F65497" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">C</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="C3DDD79EFBAE6668C04DF04EF5CE20BB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C71661CEB357758D48ECF9270B7CB397" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.235.112839.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940587" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="C2B6B43FD0DE046409C48B1355AA7985" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="68058700D6099F13FDEEC4256B360F36" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Lectotype of 
<taxonomicName id="122C31C5FA94FA64A294A4B8F0E658FC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Fernandoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fernandoa adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">
<emphasis id="A5CEF77DD386607A6A6F7AF6C719E32A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fernandoa adenophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="C77FCBEEC996B08BB13241051CB3D5C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich 6502A</emphasis>
(G [G00133642]) from Ava, Myanmar. Photo: Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de 
<normalizedToken id="6E7A654BCF59ACE51D848BAFD17350C3" originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken id="99B6220774672E43BDD9FDA323DB2326" originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
, Switzerland https://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/chg/adetail.php?id=55790&amp;lang=en.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3E04E4828A72EA304F5BF50D9D9A6DD8" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="457C14F7695FF785B527F489604BAB5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="116C12C75F2A9794A1F44B8717F2CCEA" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">India (Assam, Andaman and Nicobar Islands), Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="581808EC90748FF1B605B4C40C50D7BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0D5450DD2CC7B3D74BF85DC10C641AA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Distribution in Thailand.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="717EB2499BF3F1B091B0F5AA0A5DF5EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
NORTHERN: Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Nan, Lamphun, Lampang, Tak, Sukhothai, Phitsanulok, Kamphaeng Phet, Nakhon Sawan; NORTH-EASTERN: Phetchabun, Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Khon Kaen; EASTERN: Nakhon Ratchasima, Ubon Ratchathani; SOUTH-WESTERN: Uthai Thani, Kanchanaburi, Phetchaburi, Prachuap Khiri Khan; CENTRAL: Suphan Buri, Saraburi, Bangkok (Queen Sirikit Park, cultivated); SOUTH-EASTERN: Chon Buri, Rayong, Chanthaburi, Trat; PENINSULAR: Chumphon, Ranong, Surat Thani, Phangnga, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang. (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="16C8BE1ACDB7112642F8293C41DEE968" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Distribution of Fernandoa in Thailand: F. adenophylla occurs in all floristic regions of Thailand and F. collignonii known only from Nan Province, Northern Thailand. [Thailand floristic regions follow Flora of Thailand Volume 16 Part 1 (The Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation 2022)]." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.235.112839.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940588" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<caption id="6FFAF281C304C34E7B3298290BEB2224" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.235.112839.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940588" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="E1392E6D4BD24301AE6716F419E5939C" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="D0DFB2D413A595B4FD1174E7BA0BAD2B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="01A18B5E70F2159166AC6F666D367A2F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Fernandoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fernandoa" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D94426E59EC0D2E7C14EB9AF06471BC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fernandoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Thailand: 
<taxonomicName id="8CE849B58C8936CD60D1B2B30620F358" lsidName="F. adenophylla" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" rank="species" species="adenophylla">
<emphasis id="4BBC7EAFAFFADCEFB5E1A4614F698F58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">F. adenophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in all floristic regions of Thailand and 
<taxonomicName id="55A1BC4A0014F88F0FACD1C156D41A25" lsidName="F. collignonii" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" rank="species" species="collignonii">
<emphasis id="921E02BE3893C3753E8E5993E296403B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">F. collignonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known only from Nan Province, Northern Thailand. [Thailand floristic regions follow 
<emphasis id="B524702C801D9513A69D0A67E3CE1CC4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Flora of Thailand</emphasis>
Volume 16 Part 1 (
<bibRefCitation id="229A2253E05859EC55DDA252D29733CD" author="Stearn, WT" journalOrPublisher="British and Foreign" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" refId="B45" refString="The Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (2022) Flora of Thailand Volume 16 Part 1. Prachachon Co. Ltd., Bangkok." year="1992">The Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation 2022</bibRefCitation>
)].
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EA04EF11BC44D4CF9668E6FCF16CFCA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="9AC3DE2CE6A20AFCB0755C8A9408C106" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F92040EAE84687621CF15F52AC7D2BB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">It is found in deciduous dipterocarp and mixed deciduous forests (with or without bamboo), mixed deciduous forests with bamboo on limestone hills, savannas, gaps or edge of dry evergreen and lower montane rain forests, transition between deciduous and evergreen forests, secondary forests, disturbed open areas, along roadsides, along riverbanks, at elevations of near above mean sea level (a.m.s.l.) up to 1,000 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2A88729E26C33F52DB47938F9B9797A" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="3D76EA8063E11110EA9488E8C09724B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3DE8AF518A804C794721407B4E0CDB62" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Flowering and fruiting nearly all year round.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="60BB011FC6AD20CDCB07DA6F0150AB4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="91A51C85DABF7559455624FAE4FA92C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18CE8EA53C966DB129362D27EE81100C" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<taxonomicName id="71185DAB2AD2EC98793C13970548BBEF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Fernandoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fernandoa adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">
<emphasis id="13D0CEF6D3BAF787C0C9E448D398DC86" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fernandoa adenophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widely distributed from India to Indochina and Peninsular Malaysia, and has a large extent of occurrence (EOO of 3,353,755.49 km2) and area of occupancy (AOO of 352 km2). Also, considering it grows in secondary forests, disturbed open areas, and along roadsides, it is considered here as Least Concern (LC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8AA7F9F5F32E8D7944D8F29DE09774D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="AEF1F79F850EFBEF7C0D097E1DCCA7D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2C429AFD8AB845B0D7C8AAC489E3C72B" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
The specific epithet of 
<taxonomicName id="5C76323B506A25D8E5B1489BD9921455" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Fernandoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fernandoa adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">
<emphasis id="65A43DC591F0047AA8D517324BE82747" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fernandoa adenophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is derived from the Greek compound words, &quot;aden-&quot;, &quot;adeno-&quot; meaning gland (glandular-), and &quot;- 
<emphasis id="65DCC191290FC59C3563F910D4A4BAF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">phylla</emphasis>
&quot; meaning -leaved, refers to the leaves of this species with a few scattered glands on both surfaces (
<bibRefCitation id="04048F044E651A2C41B54FB0E97F48FF" author="Stearn, WT" journalOrPublisher="British and Foreign" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" refId="B44" refString="Stearn, WT, 1992. Botanical Latin: History, Grammar, Syntax, Terminology and Vocabulary. 4th edn. Redwood Books, Trowbridge for David &amp; Charles Publishers, England, 1-546." title="Botanical Latin: History, Grammar, Syntax, Terminology and Vocabulary. 4 th edn. Redwood Books, Trowbridge for David &amp; Charles Publishers, England, 1 - 546." year="1992">Stearn 1992</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="C1E184C5D1F968AB1CB0A22B5D760470" author="Radcliffe-Smith, A" journalOrPublisher="Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" refId="B29" refString="Radcliffe-Smith, A, 1998. Three-language List of Botanical Name Components. 1st edn. Whistable Litho Ltd., Kent, UK, 1-143." title="Three-language List of Botanical Name Components. 1 st edn. Whistable Litho Ltd., Kent, UK, 1 - 143." year="1998">Radcliffe-Smith 1998</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="395C55D552D482961B5BE245970BE439" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511754951" author="Gledhill, D" journalOrPublisher="Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" refId="B16" refString="Gledhill, D, 2002. The Names of Plants. 3rd edn. Cambridge University Press, UK, 1-326. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511754951" title="The Names of Plants. 3 rd edn. Cambridge University Press, UK, 1 - 326." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511754951" year="2002">Gledhill 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09B33AAA181C8B256211AB991AC384E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="vernacular name">
<paragraph id="4AB8B21051285EC6CD414C7570919A44" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Vernacular name.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22A6B44FB603453E7573447FCE08F59C" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
Khae khon (แคขน) (Northern); 
<emphasis id="938FE4008745E78BD3E2C252418460A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Khae bit</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="57DD7D58187BD9C53326F255CA8F17B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">แคบิด</emphasis>
) (Northern, North-Eastern); Khae phong (แคพอง) (Peninsular, Surat Thani); Khae rao (แคร้าว), Khae lao (แคลาว) (North-Eastern, Loei); Khae hua mu (แคหัวหมู) (Nakhon Ratchasima); Khae hang khang (แคหางค่าง) (General); Haeng pa (แฮงป่า) (Chanthaburi); Hong pa (โฮงป่า) (South-Western); Karen wood, Katsagon, Katsagon tree, Petthan (common name); Dhopa-paroli (Assam); Marodphali (Hindi).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6F7B61E48488088D45B52283440F6168" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="uses">
<paragraph id="D18CA3E5E7BB00D1723CD7DF451E9D61" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="90D261CC7F8657F4A407F3C925892699" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
Flowers and young fruits are consumed as boiled or grilled vegetables and required cooking. Cultivated as shade and ornamental trees (the 
<normalizedToken id="6C7E11613DA24574D98EFAB91D057B4D" originalValue="author’s">author's</normalizedToken>
observations). The wood is locally used in construction and used for making farming utensils. Bark, leaves, and seeds are used as medicinal purposes (
<bibRefCitation id="A32397985C05719E3415F07A2363912E" author="Widodo, SH" journalOrPublisher="Ser. I, 8 (2). Sijthoff &amp; Noordhoff International Publishers, the Netherlands" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" publicationUrl="https://www.prota4u.org/prosea/" refId="B50" refString="Widodo, SH, 1998. Fernandoa Welw. ex Seem. In: Sosef MSM, Hong LT, Prawirohatmodjo S (Eds) Plant Resources of South-East Asia No 5(3): Timber trees; Lesser-known timbers. PROSEA Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia. https://www.prota4u.org/prosea/" title="Fernandoa Welw. ex Seem. In: Sosef MSM, Hong LT, Prawirohatmodjo S (Eds) Plant Resources of South-East Asia No 5 (3): Timber trees; Lesser-known timbers. PROSEA Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia." url="https://www.prota4u.org/prosea/" year="1998">Widodo 1998</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="669AC8FFE3D47FC1CD730D533F211EF0" author="Bidgood, S" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" publicationUrl="https://www.thaibiodiversity.org/" refId="B4" refString="2021. . https://www.thaibiodiversity.org/" url="https://www.thaibiodiversity.org/" year="2021">Biodiversity-Based Economy Development Office (Public Organization) [BEDO] 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1540CAA46D1E0A1060AFCC2C428C103" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="notes">
<paragraph id="32EB0DFD20D5EDDCC2FF46F19BD3A047" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F1051015F97CE6CE663C1D857947F175" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<taxonomicName id="C023B9D0727687113C8B5A12AC67DE93" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Bignonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bignonia adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">
<emphasis id="B2A9DA140287DFCE30E0CE11A4A3CD0D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Bignonia adenophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was named by Wallich based on 
<emphasis id="5664594615FC040ED468CE7BD1FBAF02" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502</emphasis>
collected from Myanmar: 
<emphasis id="23A9BF0D974D0FAD265B814A3A02BF9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">6502A</emphasis>
from Irrawaddy River, Yenangheum (Yenangyaung), Prome, Sagaen (Sagaing), and Ava and 
<emphasis id="87814948CE4B9147D02C535C785FC67D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">6502B</emphasis>
from Taong Dong but unpublished, and then this name was described by 
<bibRefCitation id="DEEEAEBA076D4BDF88D71646B40E68B9" author="Don, G" journalOrPublisher="Rivington, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 908" refId="B9" refString="Don, G, 1838. A General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants. London, J.G. and F. Rivington, London 4: 1 - 908" title="A General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants. London, J. G. and F." volume="4" year="1838">Don (1838</bibRefCitation>
: 221). 
<bibRefCitation id="5F8F0A63C01EC199CB80B8BBC2E71D93" author="van Steenis, CGGJ" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="121 - 138" refId="B48" refString="van Steenis, CGGJ, 1976. Conspectus of the genera Radermachera and Fernandoa in Indo-Malesia (Bignoniaceae). Blumea 23 (1): 121 - 138" title="Conspectus of the genera Radermachera and Fernandoa in Indo-Malesia (Bignoniaceae)." volume="23" year="1976">van Steenis (1976</bibRefCitation>
: 135) mentioned 
<emphasis id="EE3E74161E60F8390E47E78EF012A8C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502</emphasis>
of Ava and Prome as type, when he transferred 
<taxonomicName id="4130BA6DBBF59AC9AC75B5CAE46B1235" lsidName="B. adenophylla" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" rank="species" species="adenophylla">
<emphasis id="BC837ACB0F3458AAF34DCA2899516CE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">B. adenophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under 
<taxonomicName id="46C91065926C91328424E80382EF00CF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Fernandoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fernandoa adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">
<emphasis id="032565F69A1526E26F1697698B8BEDA1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fernandoa adenophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="137541CA649FE47D214AD57B0DEF70D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502</emphasis>
represents two gatherings (two different materials collected from two different cites, which are distinguished by 
<emphasis id="0141726077CA1E3E973C3DDB157972DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502A</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="2B91C0E7B2D4306B095F9F32F3F3DFAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502B</emphasis>
, respectively). 
<emphasis id="B5A6481C9B20261B69FE3A0C85E78F75" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502A</emphasis>
is from Ava and Prome and 
<emphasis id="037D821F7E603869C21CE40350F8BFE7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502B</emphasis>
is from Taong Dong. Thus, 
<emphasis id="89A37DA3FD9D294D388FD125C4FC3503" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502A</emphasis>
could be regarded as the true type specimen, and 
<emphasis id="A5E942D5747DE747DB33397FE53BF0B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502B</emphasis>
from Taong Dong is not type.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BCF4F320A07AD89D02349FA4067AC290" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<bibRefCitation id="B2B09C57EFF97C3C63AD7E40570AF48F" author="van Steenis, CGGJ" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="121 - 138" refId="B48" refString="van Steenis, CGGJ, 1976. Conspectus of the genera Radermachera and Fernandoa in Indo-Malesia (Bignoniaceae). Blumea 23 (1): 121 - 138" title="Conspectus of the genera Radermachera and Fernandoa in Indo-Malesia (Bignoniaceae)." volume="23" year="1976">van Steenis (1976)</bibRefCitation>
cited 
<emphasis id="B61D8CF92D770581B4240C2CB613846C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502</emphasis>
from Ava and Prome at G as the holotype with isotypes in K and P. However, 
<normalizedToken id="528FA94196105C601FA2A5B277641690" originalValue="Wallich’s">Wallich's</normalizedToken>
collection numbers are known to be curated by species generally from multiple collections (
<bibRefCitation id="430D3488CF3C377AFEA2977BF7B7AD0F" author="Noltie, H" journalOrPublisher="Oxford University Press, Oxford" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" publicationUrl="https://stories.rbge.org.uk/archives/34728" refId="B25" refString="Noltie, H, Watson, M, 2021. The Collectors of the Wallich (or East India Company) Herbarium. https://stories.rbge.org.uk/archives/34728" title="The Collectors of the Wallich (or East India Company) Herbarium." url="https://stories.rbge.org.uk/archives/34728" year="2021">Noltie and Watson 2021</bibRefCitation>
); therefore, his erroneous designation of holotype effectively selected a) a collection for the lectotype if the collection consists of multiple sheets or b) the lectotype if it is a unicate gathering. 
<bibRefCitation id="2EB8402B10420B68B56BB16E13DFFE4A" author="van Steenis, CGGJ" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="121 - 138" refId="B48" refString="van Steenis, CGGJ, 1976. Conspectus of the genera Radermachera and Fernandoa in Indo-Malesia (Bignoniaceae). Blumea 23 (1): 121 - 138" title="Conspectus of the genera Radermachera and Fernandoa in Indo-Malesia (Bignoniaceae)." volume="23" year="1976">van Steenis (1976)</bibRefCitation>
did not mention the number of specimens, and following Art. 9.6 of the ICN (
<bibRefCitation id="8E41B1211B519D7FDA960670E5C8E49D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" author="Turland, NJ" journalOrPublisher="British and Foreign" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" refId="B47" refString="Turland, NJ, Wiersema, JH, Barrie, FR, Greuter, W, Hawksworth, DL, Herendeen, PS, Knapp, S, Kusber, WH, Li, DZ, Marhold, K, May, TW, McNeill, J, Monro, AM, Prado, J, Price, MJ, Smith, GF, 2018. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" title="International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" year="2018">Turland et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
), they constitute syntypes. Therefore, the name 
<taxonomicName id="2F893A85C8FA66127C7DF2AD65740B30" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Fernandoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fernandoa adenophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophylla">
<emphasis id="48A31FADFD6672488602465912904DE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fernandoa adenophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been lectotypified in a first step by 
<bibRefCitation id="168F4580E55FA8E819EDB5C144114A10" author="van Steenis, CGGJ" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="121 - 138" refId="B48" refString="van Steenis, CGGJ, 1976. Conspectus of the genera Radermachera and Fernandoa in Indo-Malesia (Bignoniaceae). Blumea 23 (1): 121 - 138" title="Conspectus of the genera Radermachera and Fernandoa in Indo-Malesia (Bignoniaceae)." volume="23" year="1976">van Steenis (1976)</bibRefCitation>
using specimen 
<emphasis id="2B2248937B10325C29AAB8037D9759E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich Cat. 6502A</emphasis>
at G [without barcode] with isolectotypes at K [without barcode] and P [without barcode]. We located three sheets of the specimen 
<emphasis id="66C41387652B22B4114B21EA75EC25EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich 6502A</emphasis>
from Ava at G [G00133642, G00134691, and G00134695] and two sheets of the specimen 
<emphasis id="4D7AE2DFAD4DD4F03911E39022DDAD6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wallich 6502A</emphasis>
from Prome at G [G00133632 and G00134708]; The G [G00133642] specimen is better preserved and more complete than the others, and hence is selected here in a second step lectotypification. We also traced isolectotypes at K-W [K001124064] and P [P00609736].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A9498FA915B4F709942835CBDF8E768A" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<bibRefCitation id="DBB6F7F1E4F877B5062BC79FB02DF4D5" author="Santisuk, T" editor="Smitinand, T" journalOrPublisher="Chutima Press, Bangkok, Thailand 5 (1)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="32 - 66" refId="B35" refString="Santisuk, T, 1987. Bignoniaceae. In: Smitinand, T, Larsen, K, Eds., Flora of Thailand. Chutima Press, Bangkok, Thailand 5(1): 32 - 66" title="Bignoniaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of Thailand." year="1987">Santisuk (1987)</bibRefCitation>
reported that the leaves, calyx, and ovary have a stellate tomentum, but in this study the calyx, corolla, ovary, and fruits only exhibited dendroid trichomes, whereas the leaves bear both stellate and dendroid trichomes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="64401FC2AECC626634EAC44B09ABD89F" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
In addition to 
<bibRefCitation id="95D9172205D08B8500A4CC029685FFCD" author="Santisuk, T" editor="Smitinand, T" journalOrPublisher="Chutima Press, Bangkok, Thailand 5 (1)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="32 - 66" refId="B35" refString="Santisuk, T, 1987. Bignoniaceae. In: Smitinand, T, Larsen, K, Eds., Flora of Thailand. Chutima Press, Bangkok, Thailand 5(1): 32 - 66" title="Bignoniaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of Thailand." year="1987">Santisuk (1987)</bibRefCitation>
, the distribution in Mae Hong Son, Chiang Rai, Phayao, Nan, Lamphun, Sukhothai, Phitsanulok, Kamphaeng Phet, Nakhon Sawan, Sakon Nakhon, Khon Kaen, Ubon Ratchathani, Uthai Thani, Suphan Buri, Saraburi, Bangkok (cultivated), Rayong, Ranong, and Nakhon Si Thammarat Provinces were newly recorded in this study.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7DF06CACE87663B233762C0C1F06C16" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<bibRefCitation id="39218292FFFC7C4B4518A9BEEAFF75D4" author="Santisuk, T" editor="Smitinand, T" journalOrPublisher="Chutima Press, Bangkok, Thailand 5 (1)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="32 - 66" refId="B35" refString="Santisuk, T, 1987. Bignoniaceae. In: Smitinand, T, Larsen, K, Eds., Flora of Thailand. Chutima Press, Bangkok, Thailand 5(1): 32 - 66" title="Bignoniaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of Thailand." year="1987">Santisuk (1987)</bibRefCitation>
reported that this species occurs in deciduous forests, savannas, and lowland secondary forests. Further, we confirmed it grows in more variable habitats (see habitat).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8DDA65CBFAC2C7D42CFD717001916DCC" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CBC60B0443339DED8D91D31CF71C039E" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D9B1A5EC5837F0855AA68A6ADDA011C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="921BE35593EF6CEF7DA93887C762E361" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<collectingCountry id="F3FB4C9B39B04FD9461C7A1D10CB2834" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
. Northern
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion id="90798AD31CE0F4D135EBA6912B722CB5" country="Thailand" name="Mae Hong Son">Mae Hong Son</collectingRegion>
[Sop Moei, 
<date id="7F1DBC5D28344BCB2E9B26573714F6FB" value="2013-07-12">12 Jul 2013</date>
, 
<emphasis id="4AE4B88C80086402376793AF7A2CA2F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Pongamornkul 3468</emphasis>
(QBG); Sop Moei, 
<date id="97E674AF96A1DC60C13210042627EE85" value="2014-01-01">1 Jan 2014</date>
, 
<emphasis id="CE107881CB9C77C37B4F4740D13A6526" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Pongamornkul 3928</emphasis>
(QBG); Ban Mueang Paeng, Mueang Paeng Subdistrict, Pai District; Salawin Forest Plantation, Mae Sariang District (Ngernsaengsaruay own observation)]; 
<collectingRegion id="876FC6AFF34EF3F7E2964484B4315C73" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
[Locality not specified, 
<date id="8E9E0EEE671B606C81581866D63AD62D" value="1921-10-04">4 Oct 1921</date>
, 
<emphasis id="520CDA791CD8C1ED16C1F1AF391A2D2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Nai Noi Mao s.n.</emphasis>
(BK) (
<bibRefCitation id="AA1D9B424CD785D885323EEB090C5C04" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
); Chiang Dao District, fr., 
<date id="19E48A26235B1A544157CCDA44760DE1" value="1963-11-27">27 Nov 1963</date>
, 
<emphasis id="99D1C72E38658799E81397219DC936FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Bunchuai 1375</emphasis>
(BKF); Mae Rim District, Mae Sa valley, in cultivation area, 
<quantity id="AF0934C70580AB3BF88DF16ED32CB82F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">1,000 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="9624B01F7E80235193C75EAFEB765571" value="1974-05-15">15 May 1974</date>
, 
<emphasis id="F093883B34A0D150B7D13AE601A5954E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Jackson 6039</emphasis>
(BKF); Hang Dong District, along the dirt road from Mae Heeyah Nai to Ban Bong, south side of Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, 
<quantity id="20D577A4FBE7397B5849FF3E7C393105" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" unit="m" value="425.0">425 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="034AC4AAA462E0ED13F2801370A67620" value="1989-07-15">15 Jul 1989</date>
, 
<emphasis id="D4D0893662A207016961EF269E7C4F7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Maxwell 89-903</emphasis>
(L [L3730390]); Doi Chiang Dao, SE foothills near Ban Yang Pong Luang, Chiang Dao District, 
<quantity id="F077FB2AB43C097436153A5E2088CD43" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" unit="m" value="525.0">525 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="A912DBB6DD7B774E7AD52FA999FAB170" value="1989-10-29">29 Oct 1989</date>
, 
<emphasis id="70449BC291A4687472298C7EEDE2BEBD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Maxwell 89-1326</emphasis>
(L [L3730538]); Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Mae Rim District, in open place near Mae Sa stream, 
<quantity id="185084B818630F40F2E0BEFC1C4C6816" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="m" value="650.0">650 m</quantity>
alt., fr., 
<date id="6591EE2058E0D1DCDC8BD040C2725D3A" value="1990-01-09">9 Jan 1990</date>
, 
<emphasis id="015754911B5D47F0CA35DEC45C7F75ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Maxwell 90-37</emphasis>
(L [L3730536, L3730537]); Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, 
<collectingRegion id="344820CFA9E33BA54B8B497D3DE57E96" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
University, 
<quantity id="9E83C4357C1B986360532D41B3421A0D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="BBDF0A72E9F9C316601B43A284643098" value="1992-06-27">27 Jun 1992</date>
, 
<emphasis id="2FA2BE312A770BD64B0E42F39D986086" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Palee 45</emphasis>
(L [L3730324]); Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Mae Rim District, 
<date id="D2F9AC1DCBED4B8E41EE007E9876082F" value="1994-08-10">10 Aug 1994</date>
, 
<emphasis id="6410183C2762C8630FA75AB77C1C9FAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">BGO. Staff 1294</emphasis>
(QBG); Maesa Elephant Camp, Mae Rim District, 
<date id="B74E58D508EF4F68F77444DAF8BA53DE" value="1994-08-25">25 Aug 1994</date>
, 
<emphasis id="CF2FD5D89BE31E2C4825FE50CECCD06C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">BGO. Staff 1454</emphasis>
(QBG); Huai Gayo village area, San Kamphaeng District, 
<quantity id="76AC0DD5813574F347B0B2AE3306F692" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" unit="m" value="675.0">675 m</quantity>
alt., fr., 
<date id="5B8A2118F7E5E0D9D8B2979A2F6FF2E3" value="1995-10-10">10 Oct 1995</date>
, 
<emphasis id="BA8EB3C6BA245116CA8B4E8F9548E18E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Palee 325</emphasis>
(BKF, L [L3730483, L3730484]); Mae Rim District, 
<date id="0788860E5F15CD75CABCC4F85930FEF5" value="1997-11-05">5 Nov 1997</date>
, 
<emphasis id="BC62CB7AD82C7AD907806A186C1D42B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Watthana &amp; Siriphum 29</emphasis>
(QBG); Doi Suthep, 
<emphasis id="66B6FDF59CEE5351F0BED22F761B01BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Kerr 3262</emphasis>
(ABD, BM, K) (
<bibRefCitation id="15E2EE5F50694831CCE2FCC791885E3C" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="F64DF5F85D70C5B35ED6CBFD999842FD" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Rai">Chiang Rai</collectingRegion>
[Doi Tung, base of the east side at Bah Kah (Akha) village, Mae Fa Luang District, 
<quantity id="ACC0EB9CC71D6026751FBF4C0BACD77F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="1E8A94422EC74B5804676312CAC1E9ED" value="2006-07-21">21 Jul 2006</date>
, 
<emphasis id="9418098BBC8F84DCEAA0EA8F300C7711" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Maxwell 06-494</emphasis>
(L [L3730659]); 
<collectingRegion id="04ED96B53E069634CC20EAB60E6117DA" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Rai">Mueang Chiang Rai District</collectingRegion>
(
<emphasis id="6231C4FF50D01A6AA3A5D929705BF82E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Ngernsaengsaruay own observation</emphasis>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="F6B65F86020AD7AF88F6CA846141E4C5" country="Thailand" name="Phayao">Phayao</collectingRegion>
[Rom Yen Subsistrict, Chiang Kham District, 
<date id="681DB7F273217A722CAAB4D17AA85CF7" value="2013-06-18">18 Jun 2013</date>
, 
<emphasis id="98225512C696AF3125A352E028F01AC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">La-ongsri</emphasis>
et al. 
<emphasis id="79AD973D5910FC460643EE7C6B7BDD0E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">2920</emphasis>
(QBG)]; 
<collectingRegion id="E4D201E8E50D19F2F6980EF3CF070654" country="Thailand" name="Nan">Nan</collectingRegion>
[Mueang 
<collectingRegion id="5472019D81E797BCC01F1615C4E5FED2" country="Thailand" name="Nan">Nan District</collectingRegion>
, 
<date id="5148ECE4108FED7AC06E72E3473F7B61" value="2009-11-14">14 Nov 2009</date>
, 
<emphasis id="0E3DD2C4BF06E6DDBD0F0AFFA8BA11C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Srithi 345</emphasis>
(QBG); Song Khwae District, 
<date id="EDE571091A8D9562E3DD9B81F203868A" value="2019-10-18">18 Oct 2019</date>
(the authors own observation)]; 
<collectingRegion id="EBBF566B62B64B82F69F2152FDAD999F" country="Thailand" name="Lamphun">Lamphun</collectingRegion>
[Mae Tha District, 
<date id="DC510E5A18A039448167EB3331376386" value="2010-01-29">29 Jan 2010</date>
., 
<emphasis id="45063F3779AC3270BC85B47704E8CB77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Romkham 132</emphasis>
(QBG)]; 
<collectingRegion id="EE290EF12CF91B9DC4B79D6172A0BBCC" country="Thailand" name="Lampang">Lampang</collectingRegion>
[Ngao, Mae Huat, 
<quantity id="1B443B2BD9A8726F49C5A8D95FA85769" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="8FC765B259D81C1ADEFD09DD892C2E6F" value="1954-05-18">18 May 1954</date>
, 
<emphasis id="70CEF587B797A01809DFA8389D02B233" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Smitinand 1579</emphasis>
(BKF)]; 
<collectingRegion id="01435B0FF8745B1A600021C566427FED" country="Thailand" name="Tak">Tak</collectingRegion>
[along Mae Ping River, Om Lu Rapids, fl., fr., 
<date id="F00F619D8B2690CFA04FC8C0B6C2DA84" value="1920-12-09">9 Dec 1920</date>
, 
<emphasis id="31070DA7FF5CCE8AE1532011758305E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Rock 629</emphasis>
(US [US03206561, US03206562, US03206563]); Doi Pha Wo, trail from Nam Dip to Pang Luang, Mae Sot District, fl., 
<date id="AF671D552153046D8308073154EDD989" value="1920-12-19">19 Dec 1920</date>
, 
<emphasis id="30122FF51176558D2AC4A5648B536AB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Rock 669</emphasis>
(US [US03206564]); between Palut and Nam Dip, on the trail from Raheng to Mae Sot, fl., 
<date id="31BF1965CB8475720041F5370F5AE806" value="1920-12-17">17 Dec 1920</date>
, 
<emphasis id="78D2CEDEF57166F3412EAE2C081D2059" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Rock 1080</emphasis>
(US [US03206556]); Lan Sang National Park, bamboo rich gallery forest along cascade, fr., 
<date id="62B18CB00F6E669764C5745C2481675B" value="1974-12-27">27 Dec 1974</date>
, 
<emphasis id="87EF9284F28CB659D54E2F57EB36EFDB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Geesink</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="A7743D50483A883F8246A10B90C8EF38" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Hiepko &amp; Phengklai 7941</emphasis>
(L [L2815249]); Lan Sang National Park, 
<quantity id="5131E17C9F4EDE5D1CFFE73FDC64C69C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="61D5FDD964C51A9DDFD1485031B221CD" value="1997-08-05">5 Aug 1997</date>
, 
<emphasis id="959775B9D744903E013B2AA561033553" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Setbubpa 19</emphasis>
(BKF); Ban 
<collectingRegion id="5369AFF20539C36EFE1E76AD3D958D51" country="Thailand" name="Tak">Tak District</collectingRegion>
, 
<date id="7F501635A1854DD47E57A23743F6EFF5" value="2014-10-16">16 Oct 2014</date>
, 
<emphasis id="F1E46EB1906FB564C73CCDA19968BBB8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Tanming 715</emphasis>
(QBG); Mae Kor, 
<emphasis id="6E1A5D7269DFEB093EE26FB3927EF73E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Winit 410</emphasis>
(ABD, K) (
<bibRefCitation id="4A6608ABD0A60B99BD7F95B01C902391" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="2D1281E91C13B790287FA53C4E30A6A0" country="Thailand" name="Sukhothai">Sukhothai</collectingRegion>
[Si Satchanalai National Park, Si Satchanalai District, fl., 
<date id="9CC3CCDC4D0CB178071852C1F0D37A3E" value="2015-07-27">27 Jul 2015</date>
, 
<emphasis id="36DB8243083E0A2CC9CA7A278E2DD934" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Maknoi 7946</emphasis>
(BKF, QBG)]; 
<collectingRegion id="F9D4343436EA8B2BA5184588AAAEB023" country="Thailand" name="Phitsanulok">Phitsanulok</collectingRegion>
[Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, c. 
<quantity id="B62EDB9E9B5758D283AEE6F6C502B9DF" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="80.0">80 km</quantity>
east of 
<collectingRegion id="C14ABAC2AF28610DC9B3C358B0000A9F" country="Thailand" name="Phitsanulok">Phitsanulok</collectingRegion>
, c. 
<quantity id="6DFC9893B48F545AEA74A729F92ECD7C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="A9009D797C3D242E31F49857CA443C59" value="1973-07-25">25 Jul 1973</date>
, 
<emphasis id="4E4B4A27ADC2DEEA4858EBBDE79B4880" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Murata</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="80E2ADE9A13D498DA86008A7FE745FA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fukuoka &amp; Phengklai T-17126</emphasis>
(BKF, L [L2815258])]; 
<collectingRegion id="1AC6EA36EB06DE5B7FBED2B04A9FB082" country="Thailand" name="Kamphaeng Phet">Kamphaeng Phet</collectingRegion>
[Mae Wong National Park, Khlong Lan District, 
<date id="971D7BE52D100220C35B100CD97A03DA" value="2001-10-20">20 Oct 2001</date>
, 
<emphasis id="6F203623EB69E484398E7DDDFD1034C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Watthana 1528</emphasis>
(QBG); Wang Khuang Subdistrict, Phran Kratai District (
<emphasis id="681D57D1D28C0A8869D869E7A18048A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Ngernsaengsaruay own observation</emphasis>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="E94109A0A89909B353B7F9C4C6385B12" country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Sawan">Nakhon Sawan</collectingRegion>
[Takhli District, 
<date id="E3CF9ABCB457EE85AAC0C91BEC345E52" value="2013-01-30">30 Jan 2013</date>
, 
<emphasis id="F8356D2B3584BFABC8B9644D9042998C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Maknoi 5210</emphasis>
(QBG)]; 
<emphasis id="377B2EAE700A262553277415BEE30946" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">North-Eastern</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion id="574345A11CD66B850217357AFCFCA226" country="Thailand" name="Phetchabun">Phetchabun</collectingRegion>
[Khao Hin Pakarang Chon Daen District, 
<date id="762DE86FB49227AB615DDC1768C2CEB3" value="2009-11-24">24 Nov 2009</date>
, 
<emphasis id="D19682537FBE0670BA32F0E3733D4C68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Maknoi &amp; Tanaros 3425</emphasis>
(QBG); Chon Daen District, 
<emphasis id="92F07C2ADDA699810C2A639194097454" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Vacharapong 320</emphasis>
(BK) (
<bibRefCitation id="2156D8D78404131366A97C5A0FF12895" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="CA3613667CB2EC74CC02D2DF38F1018E" country="Thailand" name="Loei">Loei</collectingRegion>
[Wang Saphung District, 
<quantity id="F63C15E2D596A6ABCE387ABA6A085A2C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="6B395B834114CDBD6CD0301A0D062CBE" value="1946-04-28">28 Apr 1946</date>
, 
<emphasis id="685E0FA7E4CB61701DEE1DFCF05ECF81" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Nakkarn 66</emphasis>
(BKF); Wang Saphung District, 
<quantity id="FBF12D85A7E0468F446B4C7CDF8124CC" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
alt., fl., y. fr., 
<date id="25DDC40044E383D6174949A0750644CF" value="1957-11-28">28 Nov 1957</date>
, 
<emphasis id="2C5057412911371B145F4E5F45A13951" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Bunpheng 1030</emphasis>
(BKF, K) (
<bibRefCitation id="285B9D16EE41BA4CD31D969D7A45DC11" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
); Pak Chom District, fl., 
<date id="CF2ADD45010F7A2F254D17D685D9A94E" value="1968-09-02">2 Sep 1968</date>
, 
<emphasis id="17437D2CD9F425235304FD8AC39A521A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Phengnaren &amp; Smitinand</emphasis>
583 (BKF); Pha Daeng, Wang Saphung District, 
<emphasis id="07E8BCDDC9A138FD4B8A511455CE97F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Suvarnakoses</emphasis>
1327 (BKF, K) (
<bibRefCitation id="694EA89917A6A65A4B3BE415BA2979E5" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="896129F56E5D7DC5B004D198F27646BF" country="Thailand" name="Sakon Nakhon">Sakon Nakhon</collectingRegion>
[Phu Phan National Park (
<emphasis id="4BFCF9DA6B447232D3EB3F692631BC5F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Ngernsaengsaruay own observation</emphasis>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="76E74D84ECB84F252957CCBB2733D4BC" country="Thailand" name="Khon Kaen">Khon Kaen</collectingRegion>
[Ban Na Chan, Phu Pha Man National Park, 
<quantity id="7059E133DEE68FDB72D1B83D28AC8517" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.775" unit="m" value="477.5">477.5 m</quantity>
alt., fr., 
<date id="4D11C8BC7A613F688F53B680E211AA84" value="2011-02-25">25 Feb 2011</date>
, 
<emphasis id="70DC97D0CD99F0B632BE8676FADBCE48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Norsaengsri</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="E0009A7049B724D0D2AC7866A30A3EBA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Tathana &amp; Lakert 7616</emphasis>
(BKF, QBG)]; 
<emphasis id="EBE774E6325232E2562608C7E0FAC392" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Eastern</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion id="E36525D17B87B4612671F89E5D163F5F" country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Ratchasima">Nakhon Ratchasima</collectingRegion>
[Wang Nam Khiao District, Sakaerat Environmental Research Station, 
<quantity id="770434410539E21F0CD0237CD1EB1AB9" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="m" value="420.0">420 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="97E7EF2BFAA8AE430BBB03D05CDF94BA" value="1967-07-17">17 Jul 1967</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B82911B043B91C97DAEE83503A5F592B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Damrongsak 115</emphasis>
(BKF); Wang Nam Khiao District, fr., 
<date id="A571AA6248853396AAFF137DA482CB97" value="1967-12">Dec 1967</date>
, 
<emphasis id="94A9F7C33D042AD0695E10039B54E6E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Damrongsak 418</emphasis>
(BKF); Khao Phayom, Wang Nam Khiao District, 
<quantity id="6151529781647E2BEA8CC1E843F9EB7A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" unit="m" value="430.0">430 m</quantity>
alt., fr., 
<date id="415F83945E04EC4D83E7BAC5F992A7C3" value="1967-12-21">21 Dec 1967</date>
, 
<emphasis id="C0B5459137B341F1B6A535E87864DF7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Anan 15</emphasis>
(BKF); Pak Thong Chai District, Lam Phra Phloeng Dam, 
<quantity id="8DA0586B94D73DB254471AF8BF2AB057" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
alt., fr., 
<date id="F1D987EAC0EEB54765677BEA6547B668" value="1983-01-29">29 Jan 1983</date>
, 
<emphasis id="73AB6BCDF92CDC150FB3AC15B0428735" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Koyama</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="5B121741B5BF8C0578E061C82E06E574" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Terao &amp; Wongprasert T-33101</emphasis>
(BKF); Nong Ra Wiang Subdistrict, fl., 
<date id="9B29410747E71E5E1E90CF9D00C8FF59" value="2000-10-03">3 Oct 2000</date>
, 
<emphasis id="183CA61C413CBAE4CC8927BFD4F6EA40" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Garcia &amp; Phengkhlai 385</emphasis>
(BKF); Ban Badan, Pak Thong Chai District, 
<emphasis id="A9E2DA82752AC9EFE92BCE148F3BFBB3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Sono 8</emphasis>
(BKF) (
<bibRefCitation id="18483947A93BE0CBCDB5DB51710AF281" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
); Khao Phayom, Wang Nam Khiao District, 
<emphasis id="2CE6A922767F7836D91F3A7AC21387F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Nalampoon 15</emphasis>
(BKF) (
<bibRefCitation id="789673C2A275201F407C5F3967555B0F" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="3713BDBE2706E4BC7DE93D738520FA6E" country="Thailand" name="Ubon Ratchathani">Ubon Ratchathani</collectingRegion>
[Khong Chiam District (Ngernsaengsaruay own observation)]; 
<emphasis id="6DCFBF87FB121771351368889791FDC8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">South-Western</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion id="E59517A1ADDF6D0B46E2D7DEDA283C26" country="Thailand" name="Uthai Thani">Uthai Thani</collectingRegion>
[Khao Pla Ra, Lan Sak District, 
<date id="22397CAA2608936FFBF3B61D80FE9C87" value="2015-09-19">19 Sep 2015</date>
, 
<emphasis id="DE69F5D7212B0B1B2237BB5FFD07EE6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Tanming 892</emphasis>
(QBG); Mueang Ka Rung Subdistrict, Ban Rai District; Phai Khiao Subdistrict, Sawang Arom District (Ngernsaengsaruay own observation)]; 
<collectingRegion id="E3CF770560A684CA209431CA87D2BE29" country="Thailand" name="Kanchanaburi">Kanchanaburi</collectingRegion>
[Khwae Noi River Basin, near Neeckey (N. Wangka), 
<quantity id="AAF80BC06B431F8FAAD13743FE742AC3" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
alt., fr., 
<date id="4B23E971BBD80FE80A75CB19E483D925" value="1946-05-01">1 May 1946</date>
, 
<emphasis id="BEF04F4ABB16B91FE0EC685A6740FCC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Bloembergen &amp; Kostermans 276</emphasis>
(BK, K, L [L2815284, L2815285], P [P02902332]); Khwae Noi River Basin, Kin Sai Yok, c. 
<quantity id="93E33DE8ED1EAA77AC0715636E0E9674" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="km" value="120.0">120 km</quantity>
northwest of 
<collectingRegion id="A1669DE1B65475C7A2A3D71C5E5CBAED" country="Thailand" name="Kanchanaburi">Kanchanaburi</collectingRegion>
, along river bank, 
<quantity id="874991312C25B7056B29DF1C510774F9" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="125.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="100.0">100-150 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="C5AA0604A42A7C1598115B82FD22D99F" value="1946-08-02">2 Aug 1946</date>
, 
<emphasis id="AB86EC274D4343B4BD93705CF7FE5D64" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Kostermans 1436</emphasis>
(L [L2815280, L2815281], US [US03206558]); Ban Kao, fl., 
<date id="5234D9F8C8EAA6DA6B800DC1145B4445" value="1961-11-14">14 Nov 1961</date>
, 
<emphasis id="4CD474EA0330B7BBB21BA59746999939" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Larsen 8202</emphasis>
(L [L2815289]); Sai Yok District, sterile, 
<date id="19A7C015260A8B25D153E5B442400492" value="1961-12-15">15 Dec 1961</date>
, 
<emphasis id="659A3BCB0702A924458477874D6E9AA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Larsen 8733</emphasis>
(L [L2815287, L2815288]); Sai Yok District, 
<quantity id="ADBB5877EC47D727B0A3678FC9C0AF63" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="7CC20705B50F6FAF2B2A7EFCE633D62B" value="1971-11-23">23 Nov 1971</date>
, 
<emphasis id="03BD3D8FA291CEF817B271C515205420" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">van Beusekom</emphasis>
et al. 
<emphasis id="0A0B2D0148C738233ECA96C9F9C3E090" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">3907</emphasis>
(BKF, L [L2815283]); Huai Ban Kao, 
<quantity id="7BBDCE736DF08A56E6DBE436A7244EEA" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</quantity>
alt., fr., 
<date id="D1E512A117DAF6BEC42E5183515F0016" value="1971-11-09">9 Nov 1971</date>
, 
<emphasis id="09FDE9EBD292093B41A908ED164C87CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">van Beusekom</emphasis>
et al. 
<emphasis id="2F276171AECCB2DAA929A557DAC6C5D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">3576</emphasis>
(BKF, L [L2815277]); Forest Research and Demonstration Center, Chalae Subdistrict, Thong Pha Phum District, 
<quantity id="DF8BC7A34946A5EEBB99A539E8885633" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
alt., fr., 
<date id="C25CF554FDB5630C4BE7B54E1AFE8BB8" value="1995-12-11">11 Dec 1995</date>
, 
<emphasis id="D03DDB1E80D83746D8414D9912334DE2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">van Welzen 2</emphasis>
(L [L2815250]); Bo Phloi, Lam I Su, fr., 
<date id="3A912E52E9C42E0A7F1623F8C6BC4EA1" value="2000-04-13">13 Apr 2000</date>
, 
<emphasis id="13BA2305ADE56585193C9E2FA5110612" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Phengklai</emphasis>
et al. 
<emphasis id="F8A5D6C1A4F9E712948BB92235F723BA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">12171</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="FE045852424F9CCE33F29D784DB8E349" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">12172</emphasis>
(BKF); Wang Pho, Lum Sum Subdistrict, Sai Yok District, 
<quantity id="52F4614F0E9060615A452AAD551D7755" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="2ACE5699F65E8B113437E7695DC65138" value="2006-07-01">1 Jul 2006</date>
, 
<emphasis id="95E48EF68AA40EE74B173D4F2CFAD259" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Chongko 532</emphasis>
(L [L3731040, L3731041], QBG); Mahidol University, 
<collectingRegion id="59D140655176ED20E649832E18096129" country="Thailand" name="Kanchanaburi">Kanchanaburi</collectingRegion>
Campus, Sai Yok District, 
<date id="A86E0BFE6CEC9A4A37C2FEB05B5C77C4" value="2006-07-21">21 Jul 2006</date>
, 
<emphasis id="8B1BAB9E1F74A2D63CAA25A88142457E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Maxwell 06-494</emphasis>
(QBG); Thipsukhontharam Temple, Huai Krachao District, 
<date id="599556B58E4EDD592260830ED5F8D664" value="2014-10-14">14 Oct 2014</date>
, 
<emphasis id="83219B94394FE19E39BE14542BD25EC7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Tanming 633</emphasis>
(QBG); Khao Thong, 
<emphasis id="CFA7B16CA9C057F8A6F4498B00E0FD1D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Kerr 19627</emphasis>
(ABD, BK, BM) (
<bibRefCitation id="D5CD5163626C811CA99CBC14E60607DC" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="6B155FF935F95B9B56A34510BD3BF9DA" country="Thailand" name="Phetchaburi">Phetchaburi</collectingRegion>
[Khao Phanoen Thung, Kaeng Krachan National Park, 
<date id="77E31B13B3F7F70F9998408E1E57C403" value="1998-08-23">23 Aug 1998</date>
, 
<emphasis id="6B0D1BAB4371BC3DDCF99811FEECCD67" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Sasirat 80</emphasis>
(QBG); Thung Luang, 
<emphasis id="AA5A24707F198403362899C6A78E9685" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Kerr 20638</emphasis>
(ABD, BK, BM) (
<bibRefCitation id="EDF2466EB571FE83AB85E6FFD3A523CE" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="429613073BCD82B5BC8FA204849B28D1" country="Thailand" name="Prachuap Khiri Khan">Prachuap Khiri Khan</collectingRegion>
[Bang Saphan District, 
<emphasis id="CCDA8274065E83904A6B02E50B0F857B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Put 1383</emphasis>
(BK, BM) (
<bibRefCitation id="352AAB39BD31E65A04B55965A337A14A" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<emphasis id="FE775248E4E826B6A565A87705E9C56D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Central</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion id="5A9B7CA55ECDEADEC8EB6EBD24D002F2" country="Thailand" name="Suphan Buri">Suphan Buri</collectingRegion>
[Phu Hang Nak, U Thong District (Ngernsaengsaruay own observation)]; 
<collectingRegion id="B5675C4668A246B33632D147EDA43091" country="Thailand" name="Sara Buri">Saraburi</collectingRegion>
[Sam Lan Forest, Mueang 
<collectingRegion id="EB19F6C4CDA2F714EE04C21FBA341923" country="Thailand" name="Sara Buri">Saraburi District</collectingRegion>
, 
<quantity id="41364CDE2EA7E01E696F971E9BAB71D0" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" unit="m" value="75.0">75 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="20B6E687062ADEB639C486CD25F99349" value="1975-07-27">27 Jul 1975</date>
, 
<emphasis id="9A0D07EE0887AD940A473EF1CE04DA98" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Maxwell 75-722</emphasis>
(L[L2815259])]; 
<collectingRegion id="715130DC414074BCDB13D086217FC445" country="Thailand" name="Krung Thep Mahanakhon">Bangkok</collectingRegion>
[Queen Sirikit Park, cultivated (Ngernsaengsaruay own observation)]; 
<emphasis id="D8DB857A9F4B5F65F68CA1A842FE22A4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">South-Eastern</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion id="D75BDAEA5D70B9B2524CC0BD26E8F2F8" country="Thailand" name="Chon Buri">Chon Buri</collectingRegion>
[Si Racha District, sterile, 
<date id="1BE28C03601376B3BE346FBCDEECD419" value="1927-12-01">1 Dec 1927</date>
, 
<emphasis id="1926463928949E8A9095A915442DF478" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Collins 1748</emphasis>
(BK, US [US03206557]); Khao Khiao, Si Racha District, 
<quantity id="880A6A08A70A106EF0C9A4D6D4FD8251" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="BC0091469EA8E59DDAE2FB8A6EF4232B" value="1976-06-13">13 Jun 1976</date>
, 
<emphasis id="907668EAC7CACF09E37D92BB05409110" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Maxwell 76-393</emphasis>
(L [L2815252]); Khao Khiao Open Zoo, 
<date id="FDB863D3838627FAA11C69FF8058D8B7" value="2000-08-09">9 Aug 2000</date>
, 
<emphasis id="D05070A744A80C158B27D2FF156600DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Phengklai 12610</emphasis>
(BKF); Si Racha District, 
<emphasis id="16A9A180B09C873D07BCAD470B06E3D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Collins 223</emphasis>
(ABD) (
<bibRefCitation id="7531423D9632783813F9B966D60A4200" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="B0F0DE1A6F6D7F694C1D3128E47D4801" country="Thailand" name="Rayong">Rayong</collectingRegion>
[Klaeng District, 
<date id="95A8A979893D104436F82AE632F85A5C" value="2007-12-19">19 Dec 2007</date>
, 
<emphasis id="5CD501FA83BE9BB0BFB086D52B1FB53E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Wessumritt 55</emphasis>
(QBG); 
<collectingRegion id="9B7A6288171A6D8C373C28544B0C528D" country="Thailand" name="Chanthaburi">Chanthaburi</collectingRegion>
[Khao Sa Bap, Makham District, 
<date id="2EC0C5BA82BD51EE1F909868306D6FAD" value="1956-05-11">11 May 1956</date>
, 
<emphasis id="A51E1DB1F6AEFE82FE5A7F29B271B88D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Chit 333</emphasis>
(BKF) (
<bibRefCitation id="B94FA6C529433A43CFAD02C6A4B3843A" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="D92C8640AD2C5FF68C5BD410DC68F257" country="Thailand" name="Trat">Trat</collectingRegion>
[wayside near sea level, fl., 
<date id="B54FDA7DA3D2437950456F6A2E52BC04" value="1973-08-01">1 Aug 1973</date>
, 
<emphasis id="2F5D79300896572126717BC74991A198" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Murata</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="AF3304F0A5273E513832CC945AD74C32" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fukuoka &amp; Phengklai T-17348</emphasis>
(BKF, L [L2815254, L2815255], 
<emphasis id="BACD0BBBC45C07ADEE6910A6A7DAC9A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Murata</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="9A25D934D5AD7437C8451F6474FC1C67" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fukuoka &amp; Phengklai T-17389</emphasis>
(BKF, L [L2815251])]; 
<emphasis id="67FA4914726796A19A3CA22DFB5ED988" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Peninsular</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion id="30E804AA5B57E002AC9034AA4063035F" country="Thailand" name="Chumphon">Chumphon</collectingRegion>
[Tha Sae District, 
<emphasis id="FEED240BBB3A02083EF0D7EB1D0C73BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Jaray 110</emphasis>
(BK) (
<bibRefCitation id="5084F9465B0DD68D7B2951BDDA38026E" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
); Kuring, 
<emphasis id="81F99FE1B2B6AA770CE60DAD545865F3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Kerr 11609</emphasis>
(BK, K, L [L2815292]) (
<bibRefCitation id="04FCF8B8B59E9DFC1BC8556D3437AD93" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="83D0B4DE2CEC6E2400344C8C98C2DE0C" country="Thailand" name="Ranong">Ranong</collectingRegion>
[
<quantity id="228823096786E4246ED6B7B6A65A2131" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="km" value="50.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="30.0">30-70 km</quantity>
south of 
<collectingRegion id="71995E44FB05A8DCDF679177743A3F65" country="Thailand" name="Ranong">Ranong</collectingRegion>
, 
<quantity id="0E308CF26BA1E221265BE5FF924A8DAB" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="m" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50-100 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="2CFA1FCD9CE6BAEED588A34BB9F76B95" value="1974-04-27">27 Apr 1974</date>
, 
<emphasis id="C4C65E514B73DEF6074FB08A1847CF66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Larsen &amp; S. S. Larsen 33441</emphasis>
(BKF, L [L2815256])]; 
<collectingRegion id="A70C1851C34C354FF3CF259D70CD3847" country="Thailand" name="Surat Thani">Surat Thani</collectingRegion>
[Ban Na San District, 
<quantity id="132337A40AF14448A346A4A033AC18E7" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="3A6E6B9FC879C72AD7F8BB99812D34DD" value="1957-10-14">14 Oct 1957</date>
, 
<emphasis id="6A1C6DDD9F658109DDC30AA748D2151E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Thaworn 500</emphasis>
(BKF, K) (
<bibRefCitation id="AB2C7982A197D6099CADE79D4FCA1C2A" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="BC4D874AECF0CD09714A103B9618F5C7" country="Thailand" name="Phangnga">Phangnga</collectingRegion>
[Nang Yon, Takua Pa, District, 
<emphasis id="965F017223B961ABBA3820953A5CEAE3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Kerr 17047</emphasis>
(ABD, BK, BM) (
<bibRefCitation id="C988068766061AC95CF32E7A3A8D67A9" author="Santisuk, T" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B34" refString="Santisuk, T, 1974. Bignoniaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 8: 1 - 48" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="8" year="1974">Santisuk 1974</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<collectingRegion id="DAD6CD4F3B5AFBBAB992469430579029" country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Si Thammarat">Nakhon Si Thammarat</collectingRegion>
[Khiri Wong, Lan Saka District, fl., 
<date id="3B8727CC05030FF068C8639B6BD90AE4" value="1962-02-18">18 Feb 1962</date>
, 
<emphasis id="9107E6529E08EBBB15B6775F17787215" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Ploenchit 1792</emphasis>
(BKF); Tha Sala District, Walailak University, 
<quantity id="77089B439E1D82E89E548FF3EF0E6417" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="8322C1D1BA2B559F9ABB34C9C27A3FE9" value="2006-12-22">22 Dec 2006</date>
, 
<emphasis id="FCD5B5E8FCDB4AA3E5B26DB15AF8F9B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Pooma</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="1382BDDDFEEC51A0D8E6914673DCB0F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Pattharahirantricin &amp; Sirimongkol 6528</emphasis>
(BKF); 
<collectingRegion id="BD3EF428B2B4E6EBBD22D75E7D4E9114" country="Thailand" name="Trang">Trang</collectingRegion>
[Khao Chong, Na Yong District, 
<quantity id="6A668D105A4F49220D79D99A9F66E273" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</quantity>
alt., fl., 
<date id="1004D4F7B490E0F8132A0E894DF3637A" value="1965-09-29">29 Sep 1965</date>
, 
<emphasis id="6DA1CF2A5B53F643837A8BB513EA660B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Bunnab 6</emphasis>
(BKF, L [L2815293]); Khao Chong, Na Yong District, 
<quantity id="FF2FAAB224A221D907CF31323198F7A0" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" unit="m" value="84.0">84 m</quantity>
alt., fl., y. fr., 
<date id="B71FDCA400B18EED979D51D9DDB508AA" value="1965-09">Sep 1965</date>
, 
<emphasis id="AE2FA5F5BD45DEC13ED4B284E94E9F5C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Bunnab 193</emphasis>
(BKF); Huai Yot, 
<date id="E05AECEAF788B26C6CE87ED0D515DA0F" value="1916-05-01">1 May 1916</date>
. 
<emphasis id="7EE6747B8E50DAB9194D3307733DD346" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Vanpruk 852</emphasis>
(BKF)].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>