233 lines
18 KiB
XML
233 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748525" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6384b520-7e9f-4874-a414-76c2e9b01d74" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3748525" approvalRequired="1" checkinTime="1586358796837" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Burgin, Connor" docDate="2019" docId="885887A2FFFC8A1DF84DEF93FABED367" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Rhinolophidae.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Rhinolophus formosae Sanborn 1939" docType="treatment" docVersion="22" lastPageNumber="331" masterDocId="7461FFDAFFCF8A29FFCCFFA1FF85D963" masterDocTitle="Rhinolophidae" masterLastPageNumber="332" masterPageNumber="280" pageNumber="330" updateTime="1658949228820" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Rhinolophidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Burgin, Connor</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mittermeier, Russell A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>280</mods:start>
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<mods:end>332</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748525</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">6384b520-7e9f-4874-a414-76c2e9b01d74</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3748525</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3809048" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163549927" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3809048" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885887A2FFFC8A1DF84DEF93FABED367" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/885887A2FFFC8A1DF84DEF93FABED367" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">
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<subSubSection box="[1921,2940,4146,4207]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph blockId="51.[1921,3532,4146,4207]" box="[1921,2940,4146,4207]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">
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<figureCitation box="[1921,2020,4146,4207]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="46.[166,208,4390,4417]" captionTargetBox="[152,3486,163,4684]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="On following pages: 94. Thomas's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus thomasi); 95. Lesser Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros); 96. rancis's Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus trancisi); 97. Lesser Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus sedulus); 98. Trefoil Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus trifoliatus); 99. Northern Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus perniger); 100. Selangor Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus luctoides); 101. Malaysian Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus mono); 102. Great Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus luctus); 1.03. Beddome's Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus beddomei); 104. Formosan Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus formosaë); 105. Thailand Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus thailandensis); 106. Dobson's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus yunanensis); 107. Chiew Kwee's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus chiewkweeae); 108. Pearson's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus pearsonii); 109. Mitred Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus mitratus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3748537/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">104</figureCitation>
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. Formosan Woolly Horseshoe
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2847,2940,4146,4207]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">Bat</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2992,3532,4146,4207]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="51.[1921,3532,4146,4207]" box="[2992,3532,4146,4207]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">
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<taxonomicName authority="Sanborn, 1939" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="1939" box="[2992,3532,4146,4207]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosae">
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<emphasis box="[2992,3532,4146,4207]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">Rhinolophus formosae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1917,3391,4222,4249]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="51.[1917,3391,4222,4249]" box="[1917,3391,4222,4249]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">
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French: Rhinolophe
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<emphasis box="[2191,2225,4222,4249]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">de</emphasis>
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Formose /
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2378,2502,4222,4249]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">German:</emphasis>
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Formosa-Wollhaar-Hufeisennase
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<emphasis box="[2954,2965,4222,4249]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">I</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2973,3097,4222,4249]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">Spanish:</emphasis>
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Herradura de ormosa
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1916,2809,4320,4359]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="51.[1915,3535,4319,4632]" box="[1916,2809,4320,4359]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">
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Taxonomy.
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<taxonomicName authority="Sanborn, 1939" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="1939" box="[2140,2802,4320,4359]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosae">
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<emphasis box="[2140,2516,4320,4359]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">Rhinolophus formosae</emphasis>
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Sanborn, 1939
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2822,3245,4320,4359]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="51.[1915,3535,4319,4632]" box="[2822,3245,4320,4359]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">
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“
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2597534034" box="[2838,3245,4320,4359]" country="Taiwan" location="Formosa" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="type">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885887A2FFFC8A1DF84DEF93FABED367:052E606FFFFC8A1AF4DAEF41F438C864" box="[2838,3005,4320,4359]" country="Taiwan" name="Formosa" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">Formosa</location>
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[=
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<emphasis box="[3066,3215,4320,4359]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">
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<collectingCountry box="[3066,3215,4320,4359]" name="Taiwan" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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].”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="51" pageNumber="330" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="51.[1915,3535,4319,4632]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="1939" box="[1917,2296,4372,4411]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosae">
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<emphasis box="[1917,2296,4372,4411]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">Rhinolophus formosae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is, included in the t
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<emphasis box="[2644,2936,4372,4411]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">rifoliatus species</emphasis>
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group, and seems to be sister to all other members of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1834" box="[2401,2566,4425,4464]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trifoliatus">
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<emphasis box="[2401,2566,4425,4464]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">trifoliatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group except.
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<emphasis box="[3025,3167,4425,4464]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">francisi.</emphasis>
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Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1917,2334,4478,4517]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3750120" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3750120" box="[1917,2334,4478,4517]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3750120/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" targetBox="[167,963,360,919]" targetPageId="52">
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<paragraph blockId="51.[1915,3535,4319,4632]" box="[1917,2334,4478,4517]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1917,2155,4478,4517]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry box="[2167,2300,4478,4517]" name="Taiwan" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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I.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="51.[1915,3535,4319,4632]" lastBlockId="52.[168,1792,939,2564]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">
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Descriptive
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2144,2256,4531,4570]" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">notes.</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[2272,2491,4531,4570]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">Head-body</emphasis>
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<quantity box="[2504,2707,4531,4570]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.65" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" unit="mm" value="76.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="63.0">63-90 mm</quantity>
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, tail
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<quantity box="[2803,3007,4531,4570]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" unit="mm" value="34.5" valueMax="41.0" valueMin="28.0">28-41 mm</quantity>
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, ear 24-
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<quantity box="[3168,3344,4531,4570]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="5.0">5-33 mm</quantity>
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, hindfoot
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<quantity box="[1920,2122,4580,4619]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="16.0">16-17 mm</quantity>
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, forearm 53-9-62-4 nun;
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<emphasis box="[2609,2737,4580,4619]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">weight</emphasis>
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11-9-25-
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<quantity box="[2913,2974,4580,4619]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="330" unit="g" value="3.0">3 g</quantity>
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.
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<emphasis box="[2995,3064,4580,4619]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">Fur</emphasis>
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is long,
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<emphasis box="[3227,3309,4580,4619]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="330">silky</emphasis>
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, and glossy,
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<heading box="[995,1786,355,394]" fontSize="11" level="4" pageId="52" pageNumber="331" reason="1">particularly on the neck and shoulders;</heading>
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dorsal and ventral pelage is dull black. Ears are medium-sized and blackish. Noseleaf
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<emphasis box="[1170,1256,515,554]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">isjet</emphasis>
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black and has a long to very long lancet that is narrow at the tip with straight sides; connecting process is
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<emphasis box="[995,1122,674,713]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">moderately</emphasis>
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low and runs almost parallel to the sella but is broadly rounded; sella has a pair of large circular lappets at the base; horseshoe is
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<emphasis box="[1260,1348,831,870]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">wide</emphasis>
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(12-3-13-
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<quantity box="[1552,1676,831,870]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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) and completely covers the muzzle, with a deep median emargination. Lower lip has one mental groove. Skull is robust and strong (zygomatic width much larger than mastoid width); anterior median swellings are
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<emphasis box="[169,297,1046,1085]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">moderately</emphasis>
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developed and slighdy elongated but their anterior borders do not reach the upper portion of the nasal orifice; lateral swellings are well developed; posterior swellings are less developed and small; frontal depression is narrow, long, and
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<emphasis box="[1591,1671,1151,1190]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">very</emphasis>
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deep; supraorbital crests are sharp and strong; sagittal crest is moderately strong. C1 is strong and massive, but short; P2 is medium-sized to fairly large and within the tooth row or slightly extruded; P3 is small and extruded from the tooth row or rarely missing; P2 and P4 are almost always touching. Dental formula is the typical of 32 teeth or 30 when a lower premolar is missing. Chromosomal complement has 2
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1310,1334,1417,1456]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">n</emphasis>
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= 52 and FNa = 60.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="331" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="52.[168,1792,939,2564]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,321,1470,1509]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Habitat.</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[338,489,1470,1509]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Primary</emphasis>
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and secondary forests (broadleaf, coniferous, and mixed) at low to moderately high altitudes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="52.[168,1792,939,2564]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,353,1576,1615]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Food and</emphasis>
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Feeding. Based on the limited information available, the Formosan
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<emphasis box="[1658,1789,1576,1615]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Woolly</emphasis>
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Horseshoe Bat feeds mainly on coleopterans.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="52.[168,1792,939,2564]" box="[170,1341,1683,1722]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Breeding. Females give birth to a single young in May orJune.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="52.[168,1792,939,2564]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,488,1736,1775]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Formosan
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<emphasis box="[789,920,1736,1775]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Woolly</emphasis>
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Horseshoe Bat roosts in caves, buildings, tunnels, and irrigation conduits. Call shape is FM/CF/FM with a peak F of 42-43 kHz, and FM portions span at 36-43 kHz. aptured individuals had a peak frequency of 44-4-44-6 kHz and a duration of 36-63 milliseconds. The lappets of the noseleaf are effective in picking up the FM portion of their echolocation calls.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="52.[168,1792,939,2564]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[169,401,2001,2040]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Movements,</emphasis>
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Home
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[550,1128,2001,2040]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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The Formosan
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<emphasis box="[1440,1572,2001,2040]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Woolly</emphasis>
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Horseshoe
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,234,2054,2093]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Bat</emphasis>
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roosts either alone or in pairs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="331" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="52.[168,1792,939,2564]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,633,2107,2146]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Near Threatened on 77zr
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<emphasis box="[1354,1614,2107,2146]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">IUCNed List.</emphasis>
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The Formosan
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<emphasis box="[302,430,2160,2199]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Woolly</emphasis>
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Horseshoe Bat is considered rare throughout its limited lowland distribution. Deforestation as a result
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<emphasis box="[727,769,2213,2252]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">of</emphasis>
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the expanding infrastructure of
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<collectingCountry box="[1372,1503,2213,2252]" name="Taiwan" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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and large-scale agricultural expansion threatens the lowlands in which this species lives. The species is regionally Red Listed in
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<collectingCountry box="[625,738,2319,2358]" name="China" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">China</collectingCountry>
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as vulnerable. It is found in a number of protected areas including Renting and Taroko national parks and other protected areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="331" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="52.[168,1792,939,2564]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[171,378,2431,2458]" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Ando et al. (1980b), Cheng
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<emphasis box="[792,878,2431,2458]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Hsichi</emphasis>
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et al. (2017), Csorba
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<emphasis box="[1190,1221,2431,2458]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">et</emphasis>
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al. (2003), LeeYafu
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<emphasis box="[1515,1583,2431,2458]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">et al.</emphasis>
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(2012), Smith &
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<emphasis box="[206,252,2484,2511]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Xie</emphasis>
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Yan (2008), Smith (2008c), Soisook, Struebig et al. (2015), Vanderelst et
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<emphasis box="[1343,1374,2484,2511]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">al.</emphasis>
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(2013), Volleth et
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<emphasis box="[1647,1678,2484,2511]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">al.</emphasis>
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(2017), Wang Sung &
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<emphasis box="[385,431,2537,2564]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">Xie</emphasis>
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Yan (2004), Yoshiyuki & Harada (1995), Zhang Lin
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<emphasis box="[1164,1195,2537,2564]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="331">et</emphasis>
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al. (2018).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
|
||
</document> |