377 lines
30 KiB
XML
377 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748525" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6384b520-7e9f-4874-a414-76c2e9b01d74" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3748525" approvalRequired="1" checkinTime="1586358796837" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Burgin, Connor" docDate="2019" docId="885887A2FFEF8A08F8ADF66FFC95D040" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Rhinolophidae.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Rhinolophus perditus K. Andersen 1918" docType="treatment" docVersion="23" lastPageNumber="312" masterDocId="7461FFDAFFCF8A29FFCCFFA1FF85D963" masterDocTitle="Rhinolophidae" masterLastPageNumber="332" masterPageNumber="280" pageNumber="311" updateTime="1658949228820" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Rhinolophidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Burgin, Connor</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mittermeier, Russell A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>280</mods:start>
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<mods:end>332</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748525</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">6384b520-7e9f-4874-a414-76c2e9b01d74</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3748525</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3809030" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163549936" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3809030" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885887A2FFEF8A08F8ADF66FFC95D040" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/885887A2FFEF8A08F8ADF66FFC95D040" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<subSubSection box="[1889,2670,2510,2571]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[1886,3409,2510,2719]" box="[1889,2670,2510,2571]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<figureCitation box="[1889,1958,2510,2571]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="26.[175,218,4332,4359]" captionTargetBox="[136,3490,134,4724]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="On following pages: 52. Eastern Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus megaphyllus}; 53. Insular Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus keyensis}; 54. Yellow-faced Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus virgo}; 55. Madura Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus madurensis}; 56. Sulawesi Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus celebensis}; 57. Robinson's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus robinsoni); 58. Indochinese Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus chasem); 59. Anamban Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus nereis}; 60. Bornean Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus borneensis); 61. Malayan Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus malayanus}; 62. Acuminate Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus acuminatus}; 63. Acuminate Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus acuminatus}; 64. Little Japanese Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus cornutus}; 65. Yaeyama Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus perditus}; 66. Mountain Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus monticolus}; 67. Shortridge's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus shortridgei}; 68. Formosan Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus monoceros}; 69. Least Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus pusillus}; 70. Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus subbadius}; 71. Convex Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus convexus}; 72. Andaman Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus cognatus}; 73. Glossy Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus refulgens}; 74. Blyth's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus lepidus};" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3758605" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3758605/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">65</figureCitation>
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. Yaeyama Horseshoe
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2574,2670,2510,2571]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Bat</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2734,3273,2510,2571]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[1886,3409,2510,2719]" box="[2734,3273,2510,2571]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[2734,3273,2510,2571]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">
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<emphasis box="[2734,3273,2510,2571]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Rhinolophus perditus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="311" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[1886,3409,2510,2719]" box="[1887,3266,2586,2613]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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French: Rhinolophe des Yaeyama /
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2361,2485,2586,2613]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">German:</emphasis>
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Yaeyama-Hufeisennase
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2812,2956,2586,2613]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2812,2823,2586,2613]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">I</emphasis>
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Spanish:
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</emphasis>
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Herradura de Yaeyama
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[1886,3409,2510,2719]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1887,2220,2639,2666]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[2232,2290,2639,2666]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Lost</emphasis>
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Horseshoe Bat, Ryukyu Horseshoe Bat, Yaeyama Little Horseshoe Bat; Imaizumi's Horseshoe Bat
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2097,2106,2692,2719]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">(</emphasis>
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imaizumii
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2230,2239,2692,2719]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">)</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="311" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[2707,3510,2792,3359]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2708,2920,2792,2831]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="K. Andersen, 1918" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">
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<emphasis box="[2953,3341,2792,2831]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Rhinolophus perditus</emphasis>
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K. Andersen, 1918
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="311" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[2707,3510,2792,3359]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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“
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2597533982" country="Japan" location="Ishigaki, southern Liu-Kiu [= Ryukyu Islands]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="type">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885887A2FFEF8A08F8ADF66FFC95D040:052E606FFFEF8A09F474F4BDF479D21B" country="Japan" name="Ishigaki, southern Liu-Kiu [= Ryukyu Islands]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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Ishigaki, southern Liu-Kiu
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2714,3057,2897,2936]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">[= Ryukyu Islands</emphasis>
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]
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</location>
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/’
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<collectingCountry box="[3095,3214,2897,2936]" name="Japan" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Japan</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="311" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[2707,3510,2792,3359]" lastBlockId="32.[1885,3509,3372,4627]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[2710,3079,2951,2990]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">
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<emphasis box="[2710,3079,2951,2990]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Rhinolophus perditus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is included in the
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<emphasis box="[3450,3510,2951,2990]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<emphasis box="[2710,2799,3003,3042]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">pusillus</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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group. It is
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<emphasis box="[3040,3270,3003,3042]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">occasionally</emphasis>
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treated as a subspecies or synonym of
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<emphasis box="[3212,3427,3056,3095]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<taxonomicName box="[3212,3420,3056,3095]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comutus">R. comutus</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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but it is morphologically distinguishable from
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<taxonomicName box="[2709,2933,3162,3201]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comutus">
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<emphasis box="[2709,2757,3162,3201]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">R.</emphasis>
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comutus
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</taxonomicName>
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occurring allopatrically on other
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2825,2965,3214,3253]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Ryukyu</emphasis>
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Islands, and can also be
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[3445,3506,3214,3253]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">differentiated</emphasis>
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based on echolocation. There are differing opinions regarding the taxonomic position of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hill & Yoshiyuki" authorityYear="1980" box="[2249,2482,3372,3411]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imaizumii">
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<emphasis box="[2249,2482,3372,3411]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">R. imaizumii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in relation to
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<emphasis box="[2770,2971,3372,3411]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[2770,2966,3372,3411]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">R.perditus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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The two taxa are morphologically distinguishable based on craniodental morphometries,
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<emphasis box="[3123,3189,3424,3463]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">but</emphasis>
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no genetic data have
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<emphasis box="[1982,2040,3477,3516]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">yet</emphasis>
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been shown to differentiate them; they have variously been treated as distinct species or as a single species,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[2449,2640,3530,3569]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">
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<emphasis box="[2449,2640,3530,3569]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">R.perditus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(including
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hill & Yoshiyuki" authorityYear="1980" box="[2867,3041,3530,3569]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imaizumii">
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<emphasis box="[2867,3041,3530,3569]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">imaizumii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as ajunior synonym). It is possible that both may occur on some of the islands, lending to potential further confusion,
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2097,2163,3635,3674]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">but</emphasis>
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this has not
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<emphasis box="[2403,2461,3635,3674]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">yet</emphasis>
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been proven. Until a focused study using both genetic and morphological data is undertaken,
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2641,2701,3688,3727]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">the</emphasis>
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two taxa are considered subspecies under
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<emphasis box="[1886,2081,3741,3780]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[1886,2076,3741,3780]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">R.perditus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Two subspecies are tentatively recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="311" type="synonymic_list">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3750036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3750036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3750036/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" targetBox="[1883,2678,2807,3352]" targetPageId="32">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[1885,3509,3372,4627]" box="[1886,2424,3794,3833]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1886,2424,3794,3833]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[1885,3509,3372,4627]" box="[1886,3491,3847,3886]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<taxonomicName authority="K. Andersen, 1918" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[1886,2473,3847,3886]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">
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<emphasis box="[1886,1968,3847,3886]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">R.p.</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[1979,2119,3847,3886]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">perditus</emphasis>
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K. Andersen, 1918
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</taxonomicName>
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-
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<emphasis box="[2514,2682,3847,3886]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Yaeyama</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2692,2723,3847,3886]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Is</emphasis>
|
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(Ishigakijima and Taketomi),
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[3299,3440,3847,3886]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Ryukyu</emphasis>
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Is.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[1885,3509,3372,4627]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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<taxonomicName authority="Hill & Yoshiyuki, 1980" authorityName="Hill & Yoshiyuki" authorityYear="1980" box="[1887,2594,3900,3939]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imaizumii">
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||
<emphasis box="[1887,1970,3900,3939]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">R.p.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1988,2162,3900,3939]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">imaizumii</emphasis>
|
||
Hill & Yoshiyuki, 1980
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
— Yaeyama
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[2819,2850,3900,3939]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Is</emphasis>
|
||
(Iriomotejima and Kohamajima), Ryukyu
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2037,2076,3952,3991]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Is.</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[1885,3509,3372,4627]" lastBlockId="33.[195,1819,342,2345]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1885,2228,4004,4043]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body 39-47-
|
||
<quantity box="[2610,2727,4004,4043]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, tail 18-1-26-
|
||
<quantity box="[2995,3110,4004,4043]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ear 17-9-18-
|
||
<quantity box="[3375,3496,4004,4043]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hindfoot 8-
|
||
<quantity box="[2098,2263,4058,4097]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="4.0">4—9 mm</quantity>
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||
, forearm 40-
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||
<quantity box="[2513,2696,4058,4097]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="23.0" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="3.0">3—43 mm</quantity>
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||
. The
|
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<emphasis box="[2805,2972,4058,4097]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Yaeyama</emphasis>
|
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Horseshoe Bat is similar to the Littlejapanese Horseshoe
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2457,2522,4110,4149]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Bat</emphasis>
|
||
(.
|
||
<emphasis box="[2601,2777,4110,4149]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1834" box="[2601,2749,4110,4149]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornutus">cornutus</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Subspecies
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||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hill & Yoshiyuki" authorityYear="1980" box="[3005,3181,4110,4149]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imaizumii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[3005,3181,4110,4149]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">imaizumii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">perditus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the two taxa do not overlap in craniodental morphometries. Pelage is woolly and glossy, dorsal pelage being bright brown (base of hairs light beige), ventral pelage similar
|
||
<emphasis box="[2023,2090,4269,4308]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">but</emphasis>
|
||
paler and creamier brown. Ears are moderate-sized. Noseleaf has a slightly concave-sided lancet; connecting process is hom-like, curved anteriorly, narrow, and slender; sella has a broad base with a slightly constricted center and a rounded, anteriorly deflected tip; horseshoe is
|
||
<emphasis box="[2501,2568,4428,4467]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">not</emphasis>
|
||
very broad (7-
|
||
<quantity box="[2843,2960,4428,4467]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
), with no lateral leaflets, and a short, narrow median emargination. Lower lip has three mental grooves. Baculum is 4-2-4-
|
||
<quantity box="[2002,2112,4534,4573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and has a very deep dorsal notch on the basal cone
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[3192,3273,4534,4573]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">with</emphasis>
|
||
a small ventral notch; shaft is nearly cylindrical and is bent on the distal one-half.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[3228,3323,4588,4627]" pageId="32" pageNumber="311">Skull</emphasis>
|
||
is similar to that of the LittleJapanese Horseshoe Bat but can be distinguished based on craniodental measurements; skull is long and narrow, and zygomatic width is slighdy greater than
|
||
<emphasis box="[307,509,449,488]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hill & Yoshiyuki" authorityYear="1980" box="[320,496,449,488]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imaizumii">imaizumii</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
or subequal to
|
||
<emphasis box="[834,997,449,488]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[846,985,449,488]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">perditus</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
mastoid width; anterior median swellings are small and subcircular; posterior compartments are moderate in size; rostral profile slopes
|
||
<emphasis box="[406,612,555,594]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">posteriorly</emphasis>
|
||
; sagittal crest is
|
||
<emphasis box="[934,1060,555,594]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">weakly</emphasis>
|
||
to moderately developed; supraorbital crests are weak; frontal depression is shallow. Dental distinctions between subspecies are small but present;
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hill & Yoshiyuki" authorityYear="1980" box="[616,789,661,700]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imaizumii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[616,789,661,700]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">imaizumii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a higher crown portion of C1 compared to
|
||
<emphasis box="[1670,1814,661,700]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[1670,1808,661,700]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">perditus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
this being comparatively stout in
|
||
<emphasis box="[822,968,715,754]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[822,962,715,754]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">perditus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
C-M3 tooth row is slightly shorter in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[1680,1819,715,754]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1680,1819,715,754]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">perditus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but zygomatic width is greater than in
|
||
<emphasis box="[928,1108,766,805]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hill & Yoshiyuki" authorityYear="1980" box="[928,1098,766,805]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imaizumii">imaizumii</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
P2 and P3 are within the tooth row in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[196,335,821,860]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perditus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[196,335,821,860]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">perditus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but both are extruded from the tooth
|
||
<emphasis box="[1107,1178,821,860]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">row</emphasis>
|
||
internally in
|
||
<emphasis box="[1448,1627,821,860]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hill & Yoshiyuki" authorityYear="1980" box="[1448,1622,821,860]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imaizumii">imaizumii</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Chromosomal complement has 2n = 62 and FNa = 60.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="312" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[195,1819,342,2345]" box="[197,693,927,966]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Habitat. Forested habitats.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[195,1819,342,2345]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[197,381,980,1019]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Food and</emphasis>
|
||
Feeding. The
|
||
<emphasis box="[661,828,980,1019]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Yaeyama</emphasis>
|
||
Horseshoe Bat feeds on arthropods. Study of wing morphology showed that the species is suspected to forage in cluttered spaces. It has been recorded feeding largely on
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", Coleoptera" authorityName="Coleoptera" box="[858,1335,1086,1125]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera, Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1359,1625,1086,1125]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although it also
|
||
<emphasis box="[590,818,1139,1178]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">occasionally</emphasis>
|
||
takes
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", Neuroptera, Trichoptera" authorityName="Neuroptera, Trichoptera" box="[931,1640,1139,1178]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Orthoptera, Neuroptera, Trichoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Araneae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" box="[546,707,1192,1231]" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="33" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Araneae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the diet indicates that the species probably also gleans prey off foliage.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[195,1819,342,2345]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
Breeding. The
|
||
<emphasis box="[473,640,1298,1337]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Yaeyama</emphasis>
|
||
Horseshoe
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[863,927,1298,1337]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Bat</emphasis>
|
||
exhibits restricted seasonal monoestry; females form maternity colonies in May, and give birth to a single young around this time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[195,1819,342,2345]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[195,516,1405,1444]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Yaeyama Horseshoe Bats are
|
||
<emphasis box="[1099,1206,1405,1444]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">active</emphasis>
|
||
throughout the year, but probably hibernate through the winter with regular bouts of arousal to forage.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1612,1709,1458,1497]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">They</emphasis>
|
||
roost in caves, abandoned mines, and bomb shelters during the day and forage
|
||
<emphasis box="[1645,1689,1511,1550]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">by</emphasis>
|
||
night. Search call shape is FM/CF/
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[725,795,1564,1603]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">FM</emphasis>
|
||
with a peak F recorded at 96-98 kHz on Ishigakÿima and 92-93 kHz on Iriomotejima.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[195,1819,342,2345]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[197,1138,1671,1710]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
The Yaeyama Horseshoe Bat roosts in colonies and females can form maternity colonies with over 1000 individuals while raising young. This species frequently roosts with the Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">(Miniopterusfuscus)</emphasis>
|
||
in caves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="312" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[195,1819,342,2345]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[198,391,1883,1922]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Status and</emphasis>
|
||
Conservation.
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[673,747,1883,1922]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Not</collectingRegion>
|
||
assessed as a separate species on
|
||
<emphasis box="[1362,1582,1883,1922]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">TheIUCNed</emphasis>
|
||
List, where it is included under the Least Horseshoe Bat
|
||
<emphasis box="[1067,1282,1935,1975]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">(pusiUus)</emphasis>
|
||
as Least Concern. Listed as endangered in the Japanese Red List. Several caves for breeding and hibernating are known to exist on Ishigakÿima Island. However, in recent years, deforestation, roost destruction and tourism activities are creating serious problems for the island bat population. As a consequence, conservation measures need to be established immediately.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="312" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[195,1819,342,2345]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[198,404,2207,2234]" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Ando
|
||
<emphasis box="[511,564,2207,2234]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">eta</emphasis>
|
||
/. (1980c), Chen
|
||
<emphasis box="[818,963,2207,2234]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Shiangfan</emphasis>
|
||
eta/. (2006),
|
||
<emphasis box="[1181,1257,2207,2234]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1181,1257,2207,2234]" country="Japan" name="Fukui" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Fukui</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
eta/. (2009), Hill &
|
||
<emphasis box="[1558,1700,2207,2234]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Yoshiyuki</emphasis>
|
||
(1980), Hutson, Kingston & Walston (2008), Li Gang eta/. (2006),
|
||
<emphasis box="[1053,1171,2260,2287]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">Ohdachi</emphasis>
|
||
eta/. (2015),
|
||
<emphasis box="[1367,1452,2260,2287]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="312">WuYi</emphasis>
|
||
, Motokawa eta/. (2012), Yoshiyuki (1989), Zhang Lin eta/. (2018).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |