427 lines
52 KiB
XML
427 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="221CE825E8DDD35D91756B3F4477CAF1" ID-DOI="10.4202/app.01123.2023" ID-ISSN="1732-2421" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10981193" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1713285389942" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Boderau, Mathieu, Engel, Michael S., Stössel, Iwan & Nel, Andre" docDate="2024" docId="88544F63F92AFFBF580F8B0A74A7EABA" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaPalaeontolPol.69.1.23-27.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 69 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.01123.2023" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E4780F6D34569985EDF9CACFB9BC780E.2:ActaPalaeontolPol.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="E4780F6D34569985EDF9CACFB9BC780E" docStyleName="ActaPalaeontolPol.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Lindenia heeri Boderau & Engel & Stössel & Nel 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="746D371BF92BFFBC5B278A4B753AEC25" masterDocTitle="The first fossil representative of the extant clubtail dragonfly genus Lindenia from the mid-Miocene of Öhningen, Germany" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1713361244041" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="35FB189517FC4B41225D548BC625A04F">The first fossil representative of the extant clubtail dragonfly genus Lindenia from the mid-Miocene of Öhningen, Germany</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FA4B69E6CA5C3A993131E2F6007D9A9C">Boderau, Mathieu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C637CD959D7C02A43B6A055286FE1197">Engel, Michael S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="BFC8D1E947EA3B60E81200B0F333758E" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="89CC177C909C4FE2B738A262DC0008F8">Stössel, Iwan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="A5B1D3004D3512AC994F546931488AC1">Nel, Andre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7D06F46C6F916A0ACD35AE8CF4E9BF11">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8288C3CE122A8F78C071FB7F94603228">Acta Palaeontologica Polonica</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="09BD3AED3D4810972F3189F582F8D177">
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<mods:date id="CCB434C15B73B1EE0AB42039157935ED">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="776C25E09778EF9A97945E0861A5698D" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="81504B931FF85C2949E884EFABE4737F">2024-02-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5BF3AB8E5293DD2C743004DF40D94943">69</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C4C634B625EDCA544F0C678E85D92123">1</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="B24DC70AA65F23F49F18044B464D133E">http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.01123.2023</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="AA828DA195FDAF160D829D871C44FE55">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="85BA48A4B655930FD1E93CA223469EC8" type="DOI">10.4202/app.01123.2023</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="14BEE3B097A7F4B96E11A08C0B08A95B" type="ISSN">1732-2421</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="88544F63F92AFFBF580F8B0A74A7EABA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88544F63F92AFFBF580F8B0A74A7EABA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/88544F63F92AFFBF580F8B0A74A7EABA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="48E7ADFEF92AFFBD580F8B0A7174ED78" box="[808,1102,321,350]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0042FE75F92AFFBD580F8B0A7174ED78" blockId="1.[808,1102,321,350]" box="[808,1102,321,350]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="5B0A4919F92AFFBD580F8B0A7174ED78" box="[808,1102,321,350]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F92AFFBD580F8B0A76DEED7B" authority="Boderau & Engel & Stössel & Nel, 2024" authorityName="Boderau & Engel & Stössel & Nel" authorityYear="2024" box="[808,996,321,350]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Lindenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heeri" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="32892267F92AFFBD580F8B0A76DEED7B" box="[808,996,321,350]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Lindenia heeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="29BA9F1CF92AFFBD58CB8B0A7174ED78" box="[1004,1102,321,349]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48E7ADFEF92AFFBF580F8B2674A7EABA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0042FE75F92AFFBD580F8B26765EEDA7" blockId="1.[808,868,365,387]" box="[808,868,365,387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<figureCitation id="98C6E2F0F92AFFBD580F8B267665EDA7" box="[808,863,365,387]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,184,1055,1077]" captionTargetBox="[152,1532,162,1032]" captionTargetId="figure-482@2.[152,1532,162,1032]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Clubtail dragonfly Lindenia heeri sp. nov., holotype, ETH S.N. 228 from Upper Öhningen beds Member, mid-Miocene. Forewing photographed under standard light (A1) and UV light (A2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10981197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10981197/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F92AFFBD580F8BDF76F1EDE2" blockId="1.[808,1481,404,455]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="32892267F92AFFBD580F8BDF768FED8F" box="[808,949,404,426]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">ZooBank LSID</emphasis>
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:
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<uri id="746CF277F92AFFBD58E58BDF76F1EDE2" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="745BC4A0F92AFFBD5F8C8BDF76F1EDE2" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">17FD46AF-8346-43D1-8212- D2F9E70DC592</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0042FE75F92AFFBD580F8B9976BCEE7A" blockId="1.[808,1481,466,607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="32892267F92AFFBD580F8B9976B5EDC2" box="[808,911,466,487]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Etymology</emphasis>
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: The specific epithet honors Oswald Heer (1809–1883), one of the founders of palaeoentomology and who discovered and published numerous insects from the Öhningen outcrop (e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F92AFFBD5E7188477085EE04" author="Heer, O." box="[1366,1471,523,545]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 222" refId="ref4113" refString="Heer, O. 1847. Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von OEningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Erste Abtheilung: Kafer. Neue Denkschriften All- gemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fur die Gesammten Naturwis- senschaften 9: 1 - 222." type="journal article" year="1847">Heer 1847</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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||
<emphasis id="32892267F92AFFBD580F886676BAEE67" box="[808,896,557,578]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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||
<typeStatus id="DF4640D7F92AFFBD580F886676BAEE67" box="[808,896,557,578]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
: ETH S.N. 228 (labelled “
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F92AFFBD5FAD8866707AEE66" authority="Hr." authorityName="Hr." box="[1162,1344,557,579]" class="Insecta" family="Aeshnidae" genus="Aeschna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tyche">
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<emphasis id="32892267F92AFFBD5FAD8866702DEE67" box="[1162,1303,557,578]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Aeschna tyche</emphasis>
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Hr.
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</taxonomicName>
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”), a complete forewing.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F92AFFBD580F88277023EEB8" blockId="1.[808,1481,619,760]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<materialsCitation id="B095F428F92AFFBD580F8827702FEEB8" country="Germany" county="Wangen" location="Area" municipality="Ohningen" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="32892267F92AFFBD580F8827769CEEA5" box="[808,934,619,641]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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||
<typeStatus id="DF4640D7F92AFFBD580F8827766FEEA4" box="[808,853,620,641]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
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locality
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||
</emphasis>
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||
:
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||
<location id="0522A8AEF92AFFBD5893882076D9EEA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88544F63F92AFFBF580F8B0A74A7EABA:0522A8AEF92AFFBD5893882076D9EEA5" box="[948,995,619,640]" country="Germany" county="Wangen" municipality="Ohningen" name="Area" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Area</location>
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||
around
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||
<location id="0522A8AEF92AFFBD5F10882071EEEEA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88544F63F92AFFBF580F8B0A74A7EABA:0522A8AEF92AFFBD5F10882071EEEEA5" box="[1079,1236,619,641]" country="Germany" county="Wangen" municipality="Ohningen" name="Lake Constance" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Lake Constance</location>
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||
(Bodensee) north of the cities of
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="E026640FF92AFFBD585C88C376E0EEBA" box="[891,986,648,671]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Öhningen</collectingMunicipality>
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||
and
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||
<collectingCounty id="E92386F9F92AFFBD5F2F88C37163EEB8" box="[1032,1113,648,669]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Wangen</collectingCounty>
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||
, southern
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<collectingCountry id="78EABEE5F92AFFBD5F9D88C3702FEEB8" box="[1210,1301,648,669]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Germany</collectingCountry>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F92AFFBD580F88E176ECEEDD" blockId="1.[808,1481,619,760]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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||
<emphasis id="32892267F92AFFBD580F88E17691EE9B" box="[808,939,681,703]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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||
<typeStatus id="DF4640D7F92AFFBD580F88E1766FEE9A" box="[808,853,682,703]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
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horizon
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</emphasis>
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: Upper Öhningen beds Member, Upper Freshwater-Molasse Formation, Sarmatian, 12.7–11.6 Ma, mid-Miocene (
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<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F92AFFBD5E55888D7661EED2" author="Selmeier, A." pageId="1" pageNumber="24" pagination="214 - 220" refId="ref5014" refString="Selmeier, A. 1990. Die Molasseflora von Ohningen. In: W. K. Weidert (ed.), Klassische Fundstellen der Palaontologie, Band 2, 214 - 220. Goldschneck-Verlag, Korb." type="book chapter" year="1990">Selmeier 1990</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F92AFFBD584288A876F1EEDD" author="Lutz, H." box="[869,971,738,760]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" pagination="173 - 210" refId="ref4401" refString="Lutz, H. 1997. Taphozonosen terrestrischer Insekten in aquatischen Sedimenten - ein Beitrag zur Rekonstruktion des Palaoenvironments. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Abhandlungen 203: 173 - 210." type="journal article" year="1997">Lutz 1997</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F92AFFBD580F894171BDEF01" blockId="1.[808,1159,778,804]" box="[808,1159,778,804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="32892267F92AFFBD580F894176B0EF01" box="[808,906,778,804]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Material</emphasis>
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||
.—
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<typeStatus id="DF4640D7F92AFFBD588D894176D9EF01" box="[938,995,778,804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
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material only.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F92AFFBD580F897E7012E834" blockId="1.[808,1481,821,1041]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="32892267F92AFFBD580F897E76A1EF6B" box="[808,923,821,846]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.—Forewing with 10 cells directly adjacent on posterior side of pterostigma; posterior branch of
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<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD5E5A891E70A1EF4A" box="[1405,1435,853,879]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">IR</collectionCode>
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||
2 at level of vein “O”; 12 small cells between C and
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||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD5E4C893D70A9EFB5" box="[1387,1427,886,912]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">RA</collectionCode>
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||
distad to pterostigma; elongate discoidal triangle, with a distinctly curved
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||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD58F689FD7135EFF5" box="[977,1039,950,976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">MAb</collectionCode>
|
||
; base of
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||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD5F5F89FD71A3EFF5" box="[1144,1177,950,976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">IR</collectionCode>
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||
1 situated below basal side of pterostigma; presence of a secondary curved vein apparently emerging from posterior branch of
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||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD5FD289BC702FE834" box="[1269,1301,1015,1041]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">IR</collectionCode>
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||
2.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F92AFFBE580F8E68771CE949" blockId="1.[808,1481,1058,1960]" lastBlockId="2.[151,824,1131,1388]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F92AFFBD580F8E687694E819" box="[808,942,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Description</emphasis>
|
||
.—A complete forewing,
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F92AFFBD5FEB8E697015E818" box="[1228,1327,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.46" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="44.6">44.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F92AFFBD5E528E6970F2E818" box="[1397,1480,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="9.6">9.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; distance from base to arculus
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F92AFFBD5F9D8E087028E878" box="[1210,1298,1091,1117]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, from arculus to nodus 18.0 mm, from wing base to Ax1
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F92AFFBD5FC78E28700DE85B" box="[1248,1335,1123,1150]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, from Ax1 to Ax2
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F92AFFBD58468EC87686E8BB" box="[865,956,1155,1182]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; Ax2 slightly basal to distal angle of discoidal triangle; three antenodal crossveins of first row between Ax1 and Ax2, 16 secondary antenodal crossveins of first row distal of Ax2; 13 preserved postnodals; 12 crossveins between
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD58AB8F4D7695E905" box="[908,943,1286,1312]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
and MAa basad
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD5F4C8F4E71AAE93A" box="[1131,1168,1285,1311]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
3/4; eight Bqs veins; oblique vein “O” four cells distal of subnodus; hypertriangle with two crossveins; discoidal triangle elongate, subdivided into five cells, with costal side
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F92AFFBD5F7D8F2D718AE9A4" box="[1114,1200,1382,1409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, basal side
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F92AFFBD5E568F2C70F2E9A4" box="[1393,1480,1383,1409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, distal side
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD58CB8FCC7112E984" box="[1004,1064,1415,1441]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">MAb</collectionCode>
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F92AFFBD5F158FCC71B0E984" box="[1074,1162,1415,1441]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD5FFF8FCC702EE984" box="[1240,1300,1415,1441]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">MAb</collectionCode>
|
||
curved, with a slight angle at base of tspl;
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD5F468FEC71BEE9E4" box="[1121,1156,1447,1473]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
3/4 and MAa weakly curved and parallel, with one row of cells between and two rows near posterior margin of wing; three rows of cells in basal part of postdiscoidal area, broadened distally; a distinct distal posterior branch of MAa, with four rows of cells between it and MAa; median area free; submedian area crossed by
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD580F8C217663EAA1" box="[808,857,1642,1668]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">CuP</collectionCode>
|
||
and two other veins; PsA strong and oblique; subtriangle divided into three smaller cells; distance between nodus and pterostigma
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F92AFFBD5F1A8CE071A0EAE0" box="[1085,1178,1707,1733]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; pterostigma dark brown,
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F92AFFBD580F8C807646EAC3" box="[808,892,1739,1766]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 1.0 mm wide, with costal and posterior margin widened, with 10 cells directly adjacent on posterior side of pterostigma; pterostigmal brace slightly oblique, aligned with basal side of pterostigma; 12 small cells between C and
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD580F8D06766AEB42" box="[808,848,1869,1895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">RA</collectionCode>
|
||
distad to pterostigma; base of
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD5F9E8D0671E0EB42" box="[1209,1242,1869,1895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
1 below basal side of pterostigma, basally zigzagged, and curved distally; base of
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD58618DC57650EB8D" box="[838,874,1934,1960]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
2 aligned with subnodus,
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F92AFFBD5FAB8DC5718AEB8D" box="[1164,1200,1934,1960]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
2 regularly curved; main branch of
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5A288E277417E8A3" box="[271,301,1132,1158]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
2 parallel to
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5AE38E2774D0E8A3" box="[452,490,1132,1158]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
2; posterior branch of
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE59C98E277636E8A3" box="[750,780,1132,1158]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
2 at level of vein “O”, well-defined with four to seven rows of cells and a well-defined secondary longitudinal vein between it and main branch; three rows of cells between posterior branch of
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5A1E8EA4746DE92C" box="[313,343,1263,1289]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
2 and
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5ABB8EA47485E92C" box="[412,447,1263,1289]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
3/
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F929FFBE5AF38EA474C5E92C" box="[468,511,1263,1289]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
narrower part; a secondary curved vein apparently emerging from posterior branch of
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5BB08F7A758DE96E" box="[151,183,1329,1355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
2; cubito-anal area broad with four rows of cells between
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5BB08F1975F7E949" box="[151,205,1362,1388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">CuA</collectionCode>
|
||
and posterior margin of wing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5482AEFDF929FFBE5BB08E547712E874" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10981197" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10981197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10981197/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" startId="2.[151,184,1055,1077]" targetBox="[152,1532,162,1032]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F929FFBE5BB08E547712E874" blockId="2.[151,1535,1055,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Fig. 1. Clubtail dragonfly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE5AA18E547731E811" authority="Boderau & Engel & Stössel & Nel, 2024" authorityName="Boderau & Engel & Stössel & Nel" authorityYear="2024" box="[390,523,1055,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Lindenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heeri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE5AA18E547731E811" box="[390,523,1055,1076]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Lindenia heeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29BA9F1CF929FFBE59368E6B7761E810" box="[529,603,1056,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype, ETH S.N. 228 from Upper Öhningen beds Member, mid-Miocene. Forewing photographed under standard light (A
|
||
<subScript id="9C79FC30F929FFBE5A4D8E0D7448E871" attach="left" box="[362,370,1094,1108]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">1</subScript>
|
||
) and UV light (A
|
||
<subScript id="9C79FC30F929FFBE59348E0D7721E871" attach="right" box="[531,539,1094,1108]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">2</subScript>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F929FFBE5BB08F357047E920" blockId="2.[151,824,1406,1960]" lastBlockId="2.[862,1535,1131,1960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE5BB08F3575C3E9BD" box="[151,249,1406,1432]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.—Attribution of the wing to the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE59938F357602E9BD" authorityName="Rambur" authorityYear="1842" box="[692,824,1406,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gomphidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is supported by the following synapomorphies: distinct PsA; slight angle in the posterodistal side of the discoidal triangle caused by the presence of the tspl; anterior side of the hypertriangle curved; straight arculus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE59748C4A77DCEA3E" author="Bechly, G." box="[595,742,1537,1563]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 402" refId="ref3427" refString="Bechly, G. 1996. Morphologische Untersuchungen am Flugelgeader der rezenten Libellen und deren Stammgruppenvertreter (Insecta; Pter- ygota; Odonata), unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Phyloge- netischen Systematik und des Grundplanes der Odonata. Petalura Special Volume 2: 1 - 402." type="journal article" year="1996">Bechly 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE59D58C497617EA39" author="Bechly, G." box="[754,813,1538,1564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="127 - 128" refId="ref3523" refString="Bechly, G. 2003. The phylogenetic relationships of the three extant suborders of Odonata. Entomologische Abhandlungen 61: 127 - 128." type="journal article" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The new fossil has an elongate discoidal triangle with a distinct tspl, which is a feature found among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE595D8C0877C4EA78" authorityName="Rambur" authorityYear="1842" box="[634,766,1603,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gomphidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
only in the subfamilies Hageniinae Davies & Tobin, 1985, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE5BB08CCE7418EABA" authorityName="Jacobson & Bianchi" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,290,1669,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lindeniinae">Lindeniinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Hageniinae have the
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE596A8CCD7754EA85" box="[589,622,1670,1696]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
1 vein secondarily elongate, originating well basad the pterostigma. Also, the costal margin and
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5A4B8C8374AEEAC7" box="[364,404,1736,1762]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">RA</collectionCode>
|
||
are not widened along the pterostigmata. These characters are not present in the new fossil thereby excluding a placement in Hageniinae. Alternatively,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE5BB08D617425EB61" authorityName="Jacobson & Bianchi" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,287,1834,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lindeniinae">Lindeniinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are characterized by the following synapomorphies: secondary branch of
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5AE88D0074D7EB40" box="[463,493,1867,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
2 very distinct, therefore
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE582B8D007610EB40" box="[780,810,1867,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
2 appears to be dichotomously forked distal of the lestine oblique vein; discoidal triangles divided into more than two cells; in the forewing the basal part of the subdiscoidal cell (between CuP-crossing and pseudo-anal vein PsA) is traversed by supplementary cubito-anal-crossveins; hypertriangle divided by at least two or more crossveins. All of these characters are present in the current fossil wing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F929FFBE58A38F477194EB2D" blockId="2.[862,1535,1131,1960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Among extant lindeniine genera,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE5E268F4776FDE963" authority="Burmeister, 1839" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Diastatomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE5E268F4770A2E900" box="[1281,1432,1292,1317]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Diastatomma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE5E868F4776FDE963" author="Burmeister, H. C." pageId="2" pageNumber="25" refId="ref3652" refString="Burmeister, H. C. 1839. Handbuch der Entomologie Vol. 1. 400 pp. Reimer, Berlin." type="book" year="1839">Burmeister, 1839</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from Africa has strongly curved distal halves of the main longitudinal veins, and many more cells (ca. 20) cells directly adjacent on the posterior side of the pterostigma, unlike the new fossil.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE5F178FC7700AE982" authority="Selys, 1854" authorityName="Selys" authorityYear="1854" box="[1072,1328,1420,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Gomphidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE5F178FC77194E983" box="[1072,1198,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Gomphidia</emphasis>
|
||
Selys, 1854
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Africa and south-east Asia) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE5F228FE77070E9E3" authority="Fraser, 1942" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1942" box="[1029,1354,1452,1479]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Gomphidictinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE5F228FE77182E9E3" box="[1029,1208,1452,1478]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Gomphidictinus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE5FE68FE67070E9E3" author="Fraser, F. C." box="[1217,1354,1452,1479]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="95 - 105" refId="ref3919" refString="Fraser, F. C. 1942. Dr Raymond Wheeler's collection of Odonata from the Federated Malay States with the description of new genera and two new species. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society London (B) 11: 95 - 105." type="journal article" year="1942">Fraser, 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EABEE5F929FFBE5E7D8FE770F9E9E3" box="[1370,1475,1452,1478]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EABEE5F929FFBE5EE88FE776ADE9C2" name="Vietnam" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Viêt Nam</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EABEE5F929FFBE58868F8676E0E9C2" box="[929,986,1485,1511]" name="Laos" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
). have a forewing discoidal triangle more equilateral than in the new fossil (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE5FA18FA77036EA23" author="Fraser, F. C." box="[1158,1292,1516,1542]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="95 - 105" refId="ref3919" refString="Fraser, F. C. 1942. Dr Raymond Wheeler's collection of Odonata from the Federated Malay States with the description of new genera and two new species. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society London (B) 11: 95 - 105." type="journal article" year="1942">Fraser 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE5E318FA770C9EA22" author="Garrison, R. W. & Dijkstra, K. D. B. & Hamalainen, M. & Villanueva, R. J. T." box="[1302,1523,1516,1543]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="280 - 286" refId="ref4000" refString="Garrison, R. W., Dijkstra, K. D. B., Hamalainen, M., and Villanueva, R. J. T. 2015. Mitragomphus ganzanus Needham, 1944, a geographically misplaced dragonfly, is a junior synonym of Gomphidia kirschii Selys, 1878 (Odonata: Gomphidae). Zootaxa 3911: 280 - 286." type="journal article" year="2015">Garrison et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE58D58C477026EA03" authority="Cowley, 1934 a" authorityName="Cowley" authorityYear="1934" box="[1010,1308,1548,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Cacoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE58D58C477166EA03" box="[1010,1116,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Cacoides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE5F4C8C477026EA03" author="Cowley, J." box="[1131,1308,1548,1574]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="200 - 205" refId="ref3674" refString="Cowley, J. 1934 a. Changes in the generic names of the Odonata. The Entomologist 67: 200 - 205." type="journal article" year="1934">Cowley, 1934a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE5E408C4776E5EA63" authority="Belle, 1986" authorityName="Belle" authorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Melanocacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE5E408C4770C5EA03" box="[1383,1535,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Melanocacus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE58798C6776E5EA63" author="Belle, J." box="[862,991,1580,1606]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref3577" refString="Belle, J. 1986. New World Lindeniinae, with Melanocacus interioris gen. nov, spec. nov. (Odonata: Gomphidae). Entomologische Berichten 46: 97 - 102." type="journal article" year="1986">Belle, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE5F3A8C6771F9EA63" authorityName="Cowley" authorityYear="1934" box="[1053,1219,1580,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Ictinogomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE5F3A8C6771F9EA63" box="[1053,1219,1580,1606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Ictinogomphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Africa and south-east Asia, and its closely related genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE5E3E8C0776D1EAA2" authority="Fraser, 1940" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Austrictinogomphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE5E3E8C0770C4EA43" box="[1305,1534,1612,1638]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Austrictinogomphus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE58798C2676D1EAA2" author="Fraser, F. C." box="[862,1003,1645,1671]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="541 - 550" refId="ref3886" refString="Fraser, F. C. 1940. A comparative study of the penes of the family Gomphidae. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society, London 90: 541 - 550." type="journal article" year="1940">Fraser, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Papua),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE5F7C8C277080EAA2" authority="Fraser, 1939" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1939" box="[1115,1466,1644,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Sinictinogomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE5F7C8C27701EEAA3" box="[1115,1316,1644,1670]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Sinictinogomphus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE5E088C267080EAA2" author="Fraser, F. C." box="[1327,1466,1645,1671]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="21 - 24" refId="ref3849" refString="Fraser, F. C. 1939. A note on the generic characters of Ictinogomphus Cowley (Odonata). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society, Lon- don B 8: 21 - 24." type="journal article" year="1939">Fraser, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(East and south-east Asia), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE5FB08CC670C5EA82" authority="Fraser, 1939" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1939" box="[1175,1535,1677,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Indictinogomphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE5FB08CC67059EA82" box="[1175,1379,1677,1703]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Indictinogomphus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE5E578CC670C5EA82" author="Fraser, F. C." box="[1392,1535,1677,1703]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="21 - 24" refId="ref3849" refString="Fraser, F. C. 1939. A note on the generic characters of Ictinogomphus Cowley (Odonata). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society, Lon- don B 8: 21 - 24." type="journal article" year="1939">Fraser, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Oriental, Australo-Papua), also differ from the new fossil in the forewing discoidal triangle not elongate, nearly equilateral (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE58B18CA67126EB2D" author="Fraser, F. C." box="[918,1052,1773,1800]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="9 - 32" refId="ref3965" refString="Fraser, F. C. 1957. A revision of the genus Phyllogomphus Selys, with description of five new species. Revue de Zoologie et Botanique Africaines 56: 9 - 32." type="journal article" year="1957">Fraser 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE5F008CA67198EB2D" author="Belle, J." box="[1063,1186,1773,1800]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref3577" refString="Belle, J. 1986. New World Lindeniinae, with Melanocacus interioris gen. nov, spec. nov. (Odonata: Gomphidae). Entomologische Berichten 46: 97 - 102." type="journal article" year="1986">Belle 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F929FFBF58A38D467735EDB8" blockId="2.[862,1535,1131,1960]" lastBlockId="3.[97,771,158,1587]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
|
||
The new fossil has a wing venation extremely similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F929FFBE58F78D6670EAEB6D" authority="(Van der Linden, 1825)" baseAuthorityName="Van der Linden" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[976,1488,1837,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Lindenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetraphylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F929FFBE58F78D667183EB62" box="[976,1209,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Lindenia tetraphylla</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F929FFBE5FEE8D6670F2EB6D" author="Van der Linden, P. L." box="[1225,1480,1837,1864]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" refId="ref5172" refString="Van der Linden, P. L. 1825. Monographiae Libellulinanim Europaearum Specimen. 42 pp. Frarik, Bruxelles:" type="book" year="1825">Van der Linden, 1825</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, especially in the elongate discoidal triangle, with a distinctly curved
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE58968D2676D5EBA2" box="[945,1007,1901,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">MAb</collectionCode>
|
||
; the base of
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5F518D2671ADEBA2" box="[1142,1175,1901,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
1 situated below the basal side of the pterostigma; the same shape of veins
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5E118DC67066EB82" box="[1334,1372,1933,1959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
2,
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5E508DC670ADEB82" box="[1399,1431,1933,1959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
2,
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F929FFBE5E958DC670EDEB82" box="[1458,1495,1933,1959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
3/4, and MAa; and the same pattern of veins in the postdiscoidal area and the area between
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F928FFBF5A8E8AF474FDECFC" box="[425,455,191,217]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
2 and
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F928FFBF59318AF47701ECFC" box="[534,571,191,217]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
3/4, especially in the presence of a secondary curved vein apparently emerging from the posterior branch of
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F928FFBF5AFF8B4B74C2ED3F" box="[472,504,256,282]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
2. The only discernable difference is the number of cells directly adjacent on the posterior side of the pterostigma, viz.
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F928FFBF59398B0A7762ED7E" box="[542,600,321,347]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
|
||
the new fossil vs. five to eight in the sole extant species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F928FFBF59418B2977F0ED59" authorityName="De Haan" authorityYear="1826" box="[614,714,354,380]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Lindenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F928FFBF59418B2977F0ED59" box="[614,714,354,380]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Lindenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F928FFBF5B458BC87731EDB8" authority="(Van der Linden, 1825)" baseAuthorityName="Van der Linden" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[98,523,386,413]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Lindenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetraphylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F928FFBF5B458BC875C6EDB9" box="[98,252,386,412]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">L. tetraphylla</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF5A2D8BC8773EEDB8" author="Van der Linden, P. L." box="[266,516,386,413]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" refId="ref5172" refString="Van der Linden, P. L. 1825. Monographiae Libellulinanim Europaearum Specimen. 42 pp. Frarik, Bruxelles:" type="book" year="1825">Van der Linden, 1825</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F928FFBF5BA08BE87408E94A" blockId="3.[97,771,158,1587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Among fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F928FFBF5A118BE874FEED98" authorityName="Jacobson & Bianchi" authorityYear="1905" box="[310,452,419,445]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lindeniinae">Lindeniinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the oldest representative,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F928FFBF5B458B8F7726EDFB" authority="Bechly, 2000" authorityName="Bechly" authorityYear="2000" box="[98,540,452,478]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Cratolindenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knuepfae">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F928FFBF5B458B8F744EEDFB" box="[98,372,452,478]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Cratolindenia knuepfae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF5A588B8F7726EDFB" author="Bechly, G." box="[383,540,452,478]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref3474" refString="Bechly, G. 2000. Two new dragonfly species (Insecta: Odonata: Anisoptera: Araripegomphidae and Lindeniidae) from the Crato limestone (Lower Cretaceous, Brazil). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde (B), Geologie und Palaontologie 296: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2000">Bechly, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is from the Lower Cretaceous of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EABEE5F928FFBF5A2B8BAF746CEDDB" box="[268,342,484,510]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It differs greatly from the new fossil in a more distal position of the posterior branch of
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F928FFBF5B45886D75B8EE65" box="[98,130,550,576]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
2, in a strongly oblique pterostigmal brace, and in having a quite broad area between
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F928FFBF5AC5880D773CEE45" box="[482,518,582,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
2 and
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F928FFBF5973880D7741EE45" box="[596,635,582,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">RP</collectionCode>
|
||
1 below the pterostigma (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF5BDF882C74B4EEA4" author="Bechly, G." box="[248,398,615,641]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref3474" refString="Bechly, G. 2000. Two new dragonfly species (Insecta: Odonata: Anisoptera: Araripegomphidae and Lindeniidae) from the Crato limestone (Lower Cretaceous, Brazil). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde (B), Geologie und Palaontologie 296: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2000">Bechly 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The second oldest lindeniine is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F928FFBF5B4588CC778EEE84" authority="Schadel & Bechly, 2016" authorityName="Schadel & Bechly" authorityYear="2016" box="[98,692,647,674]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmalindenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F928FFBF5B4588CC74AAEE87" box="[98,400,647,674]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Burmalindenia imperfecta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF5ABD88CC778EEE84" author="Schadel, M. & Bechly, G." box="[410,692,647,674]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="537 - 549" refId="ref4899" refString="Schadel, M. and Bechly, G. 2016. First record of Anisoptera (Insecta: Odonata) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Zootaxa 4103: 537 - 549." type="journal article" year="2016">Schädel & Bechly, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on the basal parts of hind wings from “mid”-Cretaceous
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C2393097F928FFBF5B458882758FEEC6" box="[98,181,713,739]" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Kachin</collectingRegion>
|
||
amber. It is not possible to compare the species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EABEE5F928FFBF5B8688A1742AEF21" box="[161,272,746,772]" name="Myanmar" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
with the new fossil forewing as the former is based on a hind wing (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF5A5D894177A6EF00" author="Schadel, M. & Bechly, G." box="[378,668,778,805]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="537 - 549" refId="ref4899" refString="Schadel, M. and Bechly, G. 2016. First record of Anisoptera (Insecta: Odonata) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Zootaxa 4103: 537 - 549." type="journal article" year="2016">Schädel and Bechly 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Several Cenozoic fossils have been attributed to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F928FFBF5975896077C1EF60" authorityName="Cowley" authorityYear="1934" box="[594,763,811,837]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Ictinogomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F928FFBF5975896077C1EF60" box="[594,763,811,837]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Ictinogomphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F928FFBF5B9D89077771EF40" authority="Schadel & Lechner, 2017" authorityName="Schadel & Lechner" authorityYear="2017" box="[186,587,843,869]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Ictinogomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hassleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F928FFBF5B9D89077411EF40" box="[186,299,843,869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">I. hassleri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF5A1689007771EF40" author="Schadel, M. & Lechner, T. S." box="[305,587,843,869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref4931" refString="Schadel, M. and Lechner, T. S. 2017. Two new dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera) from the Miocene of Carinthia (Austria). Zootaxa 4243: 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="2017">Schädel & Lechner, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on a hind wing which differs from the new fossil in only six cells directly adjacent on the posterior side of the pterostigma
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF5B4E89E67488EFE2" author="Schadel, M. & Lechner, T. S." box="[105,434,941,967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref4931" refString="Schadel, M. and Lechner, T. S. 2017. Two new dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera) from the Miocene of Carinthia (Austria). Zootaxa 4243: 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="2017">Schädel and Lechner 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F928FFBF5AEA89E6742FEFCD" authority="Nel et al., 2020" authorityName="Nel" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Ictinogomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="engelorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F928FFBF5AEA89E67638EFE2" box="[461,770,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Ictinogomphus engelorum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF5B468985742FEFCD" author="Nel, A. & Poschmann, M. J. & Wedmann, S." box="[97,277,974,1000]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="59" refId="ref4726" refString="Nel, A., Poschmann, M. J., and Wedmann, S. 2020. New dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) from the late Oligocene of Enspel (Rhineland- Palatinate, SW Germany). Palaeontologia Electronica 23 (3): a 59." type="journal article" year="2020">Nel et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, that has a significantly different forewing discoidal triangle (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF5A1989A574CFE82D" author="Nel, A. & Poschmann, M. J. & Wedmann, S." box="[318,501,1006,1033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="59" refId="ref4726" refString="Nel, A., Poschmann, M. J., and Wedmann, S. 2020. New dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) from the late Oligocene of Enspel (Rhineland- Palatinate, SW Germany). Palaeontologia Electronica 23 (3): a 59." type="journal article" year="2020">Nel et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); and “?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F928FFBF597E89A57589E80C" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F928FFBF597E89A57639E82D" box="[601,771,1006,1032]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Ictinogomphus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
indet.” described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF5A908E44779FE80F" author="Prokop, J. & Pecharova, M. & Nel, A." box="[439,677,1039,1066]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="2311 - 2326" refId="ref4776" refString="Prokop, J., Pecharova, M., and Nel, A. 2016. New Cenozoic dragonflies from the Most Basin and Stredohori Complex volcanic area (Czech Republic, Germany). Journal of Natural History 50: 2311 - 2326." type="journal article" year="2016">Prokop et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, known from only the apical two-thirds of a forewing, differs from the new fossil in the lower number of cells distal to the pterostigma, and only six cells directly adjacent on the posterior side of the pterostigma. Lastly, the Miocene Chinese
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F928FFBF5BEF8EF9746CE8E9" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="1989" box="[200,342,1202,1228]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Miopetalura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F928FFBF5BEF8EF9746CE8E9" box="[200,342,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Miopetalura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would share with the new fossil the presence of ten cells directly adjacent on the posterior side of the pterostigma, but it differs from the new fossil in the forewing discoidal triangle nearly equilateral and the presence of much more secondary antenodal crossveins (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF599F8F7F75A6E94A" author="Zhang, J. - F." pageId="3" pageNumber="26" refId="ref5194" refString="Zhang, J. - F. 1989. Fossil Insects from Shanwang, Shandong, China [in Chinese with abstract in English]. 459 pp. Shandong Science and Technology Publishing House, Jinan." type="book" year="1989">Zhang 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: text-fig. 10).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F928FFBF5BA08F3D7639EA16" blockId="3.[97,771,158,1587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Lastly
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C8384F928FFBF5BF18F3D74EEE9B5" author="Huang, D. & Nel, A." box="[214,468,1398,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="441 - 443" refId="ref4153" refString="Huang, D. and Nel, A. 2009. First fossil record of a Lindeniidae from the Miocene Shanwang Formation of China (Odonata, Anisoptera, Lindeniidae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 114: 441 - 443." type="journal article" year="2009">Huang and Nel (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described a “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD85F6F928FFBF59578F3D77C4E9B5" authorityName="Jacobson & Bianchi" authorityYear="1905" box="[624,766,1398,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lindeniinae">Lindeniinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, genus undetermined” from the Miocene Shanwang Formation of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EABEE5F928FFBF5B918FFC75C4E9F4" box="[182,254,1463,1489]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
. If it shares with the new fossil the presence of numerous cells covered by the pterostigma, its posterior branch of
|
||
<collectionCode id="66EC66B0F928FFBF5BF28FB375C9EA37" box="[213,243,1528,1554]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">IR</collectionCode>
|
||
2 is two cells distad to the oblique vein and its forewing is ca. 42.0 mm long vs.
|
||
<quantity id="C7055390F928FFBF5AFF8C527701EA16" box="[472,571,1561,1587]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.46" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="44.6">44.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in the new fossil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0042FE75F928FFBF5B468C0F74A7EABA" blockId="3.[97,771,1604,1696]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="32892267F928FFBF5B468C0F74D7EA7B" box="[97,493,1604,1630]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
|
||
.—Upper Öhningen beds Member, Upper Freshwater-Molasse Formation, Sarmatian, 12.7–11.6 Ma, mid-Miocene.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |