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<document id="AF2532BFA11F57E5871D174420AD75E0" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.185594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5706d438-20d6-47b9-a014-cc1457000c5a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="185594" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459996389905" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wiedenbrug, Sofia &amp; Trivinho-Strixino, Susana" docDate="2009" docId="883687FF064AFF988B8230F4E472F8A6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01993p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1993" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ubatubaneura Wiedenbrug &amp; Trivinho-Strixino, 2009, n. gen." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="740FFF870649FF9D8B153348E70DFF9F" masterDocTitle="Ubatubaneura, a new genus of the Corynoneura group (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1698232898430" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="097241ACA2F5EA6E4DD139E1A606CA63" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="72ACC5440BEAB46E322187DBE0868E02">
<mods:title id="131A16FDC16CF7F0F4D586F9A00D60DF">Ubatubaneura, a new genus of the Corynoneura group (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="EDCCBA1695D7501C235CE3A479050268" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="FF0E34615F7047CDD0D82C72AF14ADF4">Wiedenbrug, Sofia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="20F2C39BDFE1D4394EC42DF1BDA3D6C1">Trivinho-Strixino, Susana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BF4C0F493AA804CC59CEF74AA73DA087">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A94FB1D620871C9C96E208ABEC2884A3">
<mods:date id="F44667DE1023A190E02765FB0BD35918">2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8AC928C1EE6289DDDC5F10878DC750A9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="778C081CBCDF78A34F356D56E01818BD">1993</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9527B6E5C67F83C16CFA2F232367468F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F1B0A3557530E692A014518625FBF7A2" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.185594</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6C1E11611E24C922ACAD7FA656EED7C5" type="GBIF-Dataset">5706d438-20d6-47b9-a014-cc1457000c5a</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="40655619ACC9AFDF7CD75CC8C72F43F8" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FDB31FA9A5070573259958280EA3C55E" type="Zenodo-Dep">185594</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="883687FF064AFF988B8230F4E472F8A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6220756" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119380351" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6220756" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:883687FF064AFF988B8230F4E472F8A6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/883687FF064AFF988B8230F4E472F8A6" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<subSubSection id="48856562064AFF9E8B8230F4E692FC4A" box="[151,415,955,982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="002036E9064AFF9E8B8230F4E692FC4A" blockId="3.[151,415,955,982]" box="[151,415,955,982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<heading id="5B688185064AFF9E8B8230F4E692FC4A" bold="true" box="[151,415,955,982]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" reason="1">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E8B8230F4E692FC4A" bold="true" box="[151,415,955,982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064AFF9E8B8230F4E64AFC49" ID-CoL="9HGYT" ID-ENA="1408806" box="[151,327,956,982]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ubatubaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E8B8230F4E64AFC49" bold="true" box="[151,327,956,982]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Ubatubaneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29D85780064AFF9E8A5B30F3E692FC4A" box="[334,415,955,981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48856562064AFF9E8B82374DE426FBA3" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="002036E9064AFF9E8B82374DE426FBA3" blockId="3.[151,928,1029,1084]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="208F11C7064AFF9E8B82374DE426FBA3" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064AFF9E8B82374DE5A2FB83" ID-CoL="9CJXD" authority="Ospina-Torres (1992: 223)" authorityName="Ospina-Torres" authorityPageNumber="223" authorityYear="1992" box="[151,687,1029,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Thienemanniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E8B82374DE647FB83" box="[151,330,1029,1052]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Thienemanniella</emphasis>
sensu
<treatmentCitation id="813E10F8064AFF9E8A87374DE5A2FB83" author="Ospina-Torres" box="[402,687,1029,1052]" page="223" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064AFF9E8A87374DE5A2FB83" author="Ospina-Torres" box="[402,687,1029,1052]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" refString="Ospina-Torres, R. (1992) Die Chironomidenfauna zentral-amazonischer Waldbache. Dissertation, Faculty of Biology, Ludwigs-Maximilian-Universitat, Munich, Germany, 357 + 221 pp." type="book" year="1992">Ospina-Torres (1992: 223)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
pro parte, nec Kieffer.
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064AFF9E8B82376DE5B0FBA3" ID-CoL="62NXD" authority="Gruppe sensu Wiedenbrug (2000: 98)" authorityName="Gruppe sensu Wiedenbrug" authorityPageNumber="98" authorityYear="2000" box="[151,701,1061,1084]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E8B82376DE628FBA3" box="[151,293,1061,1084]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Corynoneura</emphasis>
Gruppe sensu
<treatmentCitation id="813E10F8064AFF9E8AD1376DE5B0FBA3" author="Wiedenbrug" box="[452,701,1061,1084]" page="98" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064AFF9E8AD1376DE5B0FBA3" author="Wiedenbrug" box="[452,701,1061,1084]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" refString="Wiedenbrug, S. (2000) Studie zur Chironomidenfauna aus Bergbachen von Rio Grande do Sul, Brasilien. Dissertation, Faculty of Biology, Ludwigs-Maximilian-Universitat-Munchen, Munich, Germany, 444 pp." type="book" year="2000">Wiedenbrug (2000: 98)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
pro parte.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48856562064AFF9E8B823723E4CFFB19" box="[151,962,1131,1158]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="002036E9064AFF9E8B823723E4CFFB19" blockId="3.[151,1437,1131,2011]" box="[151,962,1131,1158]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E8B823723E634FB1A" bold="true" box="[151,313,1131,1157]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<typeStatus id="DF24884B064AFF9E8B823723E7D9FB1A" box="[151,212,1131,1157]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064AFF9E8A553724E556FB1A" box="[320,603,1132,1157]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ubatubaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlantica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E8A553724E556FB1A" box="[320,603,1132,1157]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Ubatubaneura atlantica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E89773723E5A9FB1A" bold="true" box="[610,676,1131,1157]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29D85780064AFF9E89773723E5A9FB1A" box="[610,676,1131,1157]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, by present designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48856562064AFF9E8BD037DAE383F953" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="002036E9064AFF9E8BD037DAE6F8FAF1" blockId="3.[151,1437,1131,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E8BD037DAE64AFB33" bold="true" box="[197,327,1170,1196]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The male can be separated from other members of the
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064AFF9E88F437DBE372FB33" box="[993,1151,1171,1196]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E88F437DBE372FB33" box="[993,1151,1171,1196]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group on the following combination of characters: head with right-angled dorsolateral region; eyes bare; terminal flagellomere of antenna with triangular apex surrounded by sensilla chaetica; antepronotal lobes not narrowed medially; hind tibia with two long spurs of which one is curved, tibial comb normal; hypopygium without anal point; transverse sternapodeme slightly concave without oral projections; phallapodeme with straight distal margin, not strongly curved posteriad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064AFF9E8BD03632E429F9C6" blockId="3.[151,1437,1131,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
The pupa can be separated from other members of the
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064AFF9E88593633E4E5FA0B" box="[844,1000,1403,1428]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E88593633E4E5FA0B" box="[844,1000,1403,1428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group by the following combination of characters: frontal setae long and strong, on small tubercles; four dorsocentrals in two pairs, Dc3 conspicuously longer and stronger than the others; pearl row present; conjunctives between tergites II/ III–TVI/VII with strong hooklets; segments III–V with two long taeniate L-setae each; segments VI–VIII with non taeniate L-setae only; with three anal macrosetae on small tubercles located ventrally on anal lobe; distal 1/3 of anal lobe with fringe of long taeniate setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064AFF9E8BD0352DE383F953" blockId="3.[151,1437,1131,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
The larva can be separated from other members of the
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064AFF9E8858352EE4E4F9E0" box="[845,1001,1638,1663]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E8858352EE4E4F9E0" box="[845,1001,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group by the following combination of characters: antenna 5-segmented, about 1/2 the length of the head; antennal blade not longer than flagellum; SI bifid; body setae short; sub-basal seta on posterior parapod split apically.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48856562064AFF9E8BD03591E6E8F885" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="002036E9064AFF9E8BD03591E6E8F885" blockId="3.[151,1437,1131,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E8BD03591E659F96C" bold="true" box="[197,340,1753,1779]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after the district of Ubatuba in São Paulo State, where most of the specimens were collected. Gender: feminine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48856562064AFF988BD3346EE7E0FA42" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="description">
<paragraph id="002036E9064AFF9E8BD3346EE492F8DE" blockId="3.[151,1437,1131,2011]" box="[198,927,1830,1857]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E8BD3346EE6A1F8DF" bold="true" box="[198,428,1830,1856]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Description. Male.</emphasis>
Small species, wing length about
<quantity id="C7679B0C064AFF9E882B346FE491F8DE" box="[830,924,1831,1857]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064AFF998BD03406E6DAFF47" blockId="3.[151,1437,1131,2011]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064AFF9E8BD03406E601F8F8" box="[197,268,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Head.</emphasis>
Dorsolateral region of head right-angled. Eye bare, without dorsomedial extension. Outer verticals and postorbitals few. Tentorium long, narrow, tapering towards apex. Cibarial pump comparatively broad. Clypeus narrow, with setae in single row. Antenna with 10 flagellomeres and well developed plume; AR about 0.3; groove beginning on flagellomere 2; terminal flagellomere with distal sensilla chaetica in single, interrupted row surrounding triangular apex; with two sensilla coeloconica subapically. Palpomeres short, apparently lacking sensilla.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD033ADE41FFEB9" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD033ADE628FF61" box="[197,293,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Thorax.</emphasis>
Antepronotal lobes not narrowed medially, without setae. Acrostichals absent, dorsocentrals uniserial, prealars and scutellars few, supralars absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD0327AE3B9FE72" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD0327AE60DFED4" box="[197,256,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Wing</emphasis>
. Membrane bare, with fine punctuation. Anal lobe barely indicated to absent. Costa apically fused with R1 and R2+3, forming a thick clavus well proximal to mid-length of wing; R4+5 thick; “false vein” ending near apex of wing; M1+2 diffuse; Cu1 not sinuous; FCu far distal to RM; postcubitus ending far beyond cubital fork; anal vein ending proximal to FCu. Squama and veins, except costa, bare. Brachiolum with one seta and 10 sensilla campaniformia, five in single group distal to seta and five aligned above setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD032B2E7FEFD10" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD032B2E60BFD8C" box="[197,262,506,531]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Legs.</emphasis>
Foreleg ratio about 1.0. All trochanters with dorsal keel, strongest developed on foretrochanter.
<collectingCountry id="78887679064DFF998B823168E7DFFDA5" box="[151,210,544,570]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibia with two long spurs, of which one curved; tibial comb normal. Tarsomeres 1–3 of mid- and hind legs with short, curved, strong setae, best developed on ta1.
<collectingCountry id="78887679064DFF998843310FE49DFDFE" box="[854,912,583,609]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Hind</collectingCountry>
ta1 with row of short, thick setae; ta4 shorter than ta5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD031D2E286FD2B" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" box="[197,1419,666,692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD031D2E631FD2C" box="[197,316,666,691]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Tergites II–VII and IX each with 1–3 setae, tergite VIII without setae. Sternites without setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD03189E46AFCD0" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD03189E656FD45" box="[197,347,705,730]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Hypopygium</emphasis>
. Without anal point. Tergite IX with few, weak marginal setae. Laterosternite without setae. Superior volsella absent, inferior volsella broad and low. Virga absent. Gonostylus without crista dorsalis, with simple megaseta. Transverse sternapodeme slightly concave, without oral projections. Phallapodeme with straight distal margin, apically slightly curved posteriad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD03013E4A4FCEA" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" box="[197,937,859,885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD03013E62AFCEA" bold="true" box="[197,295,859,885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Female.</emphasis>
Generally similar to male. Wing length about
<quantity id="C7679B0C064DFF99885D3013E4A8FCEA" box="[840,933,859,885]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD030CAE598FC03" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" box="[197,661,898,924]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD030CAE601FC04" box="[197,268,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Head.</emphasis>
Antenna with five flagellomeres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD030E1E6A1FB89" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD030E1E60DFC5D" box="[197,256,937,962]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Wing</emphasis>
. Costa apically fused with R1 and R2+3, forming a thick clavus reaching about mid-length of wing; R4+5 thickened basally, thin distally; “false vein” ending near apex of wing. Sensillum campaniformium present on R-fork (FR).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD0376BE5F5FBA3" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" box="[197,760,1058,1089]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD0376BE7F5FBA3" box="[197,248,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Leg.</emphasis>
Mid ta1 with sensilla chaetica in distal half.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD03704E666FA9E" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD03704E63BFBFA" box="[197,310,1100,1125]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Genitalia</emphasis>
. Gonocoxapodeme straight. Gonocoxite well developed, with few setae. Tergite IX with few, weak setae. Cercus very small. Gonapophysis not divided. Apodeme lobe large. Labia apparently fused, rounded, medially notched. Coxosternapodeme with two entwined rami, with few spine-like anterior projections. Seminal capsules larger than cerci; neck placed posteriolaterally; spermathecal ducts with common opening.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD03645E584FAB7" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" box="[197,649,1293,1320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD03645E600FAB8" bold="true" box="[197,269,1293,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Pupa.</emphasis>
Small; total length
<quantity id="C7679B0C064DFF998AE13646E58BFAB7" box="[500,646,1294,1320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.4 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD0367CE62AFA73" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD0367CE681FAD2" box="[197,396,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Cephalothorax.</emphasis>
Frontal warts absent. Frontal setae long and strong, on small cephalic tubercles. Postorbital setae two, one of them longer and stronger. Thoracic horn absent. Two median and one lateral antepronotals; three precorneals; four dorsocentrals in two pairs, Dc3 conspicuously longer and stronger than others. Wing sheath with one or two marginal pearl rows, giving the impression of a serrate margin. Wing nose absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD036B1E5C4F8F1" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD036B1E630F98D" box="[197,317,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Tergite I without shagreen; T II–IX with shagreen, posterior shagreen spinules stronger on T II–VII. Conjunctives between T II/III–VI/VII with strong hooklets. Sternite I bare, S II–III bare or with few shagreen points, S IV–VIII with shagreen. Female S VIII with broad, low posterior projection with median suture. Pedes spurii A and B absent. Tergites I and VIII each with three pairs of D-setae, T II with four pairs, T III–VII each with five pairs. Sternite I without V-setae, S II–VII each with four pairs, S VIII with one pair. Segment I with one L-seta, segments II and VI–VIII each with three L-setae, segments III–V each with one anterior, short L-seta and two posterior, long taeniate L-setae. Anal lobe well developed, in apical 1/3 with uniserial fringe of long taeniate setae. Inner margin of anal lobe with non-taeniate setae. Anal lobe ventrally with three taeniate macrosetae with hooked, frequently broken, tips on small tubercles. Genital sacs of both male and female not reaching apex of anal lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF998BD03433E400F80A" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" box="[197,781,1915,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD03433E615F80A" bold="true" box="[197,280,1915,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Larva.</emphasis>
Small; head capsule length about 170 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064DFF988BD034EAE285FE5F" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2019]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,1849]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064DFF998BD034EAE61CF824" box="[197,273,1954,1979]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Head.</emphasis>
Cephalic capsule about 1/3 longer than wide, somewhat wedge-shaped. Antenna with five segments, about 1/2 the length of head capsule; with ring organ in proximal half and two antennal &quot;setae&quot; in distal half of first segment. Antennal blade shorter than flagellum, reaching end of second segment. Lauterborn organs very small; style absent. Labrum with S I bifid; S II large, arising from small pedestal; S III small, situated posterior to S I and anterior to S II; S IVA adjacent to S II, S IVB apparently absent or vestigial. Labral rod (LR) present. Pecten epipharyngis consisting of three spines. With two pairs of chaetulae laterales: one median pair and one apically broad and pectinate marginal pair. With two pairs of chaetulae basales. Premandible simple, brush not discernible. Mandible with four inner teeth, apical tooth subequal to distal inner tooth. Seta subdentalis present, seta interna with pectinate branches. Mentum with three median teeth and five pairs of lateral teeth, first lateral pair adpressed to outer median teeth. Ventromental plates reduced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064CFF988BD03285E6A2FDAB" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988BD03285E631FE79" box="[197,316,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Anterior parapods with serrated claws. Procercus with four anal setae. Posterior parapod with simple, hooked claws and apically split sub-basal seta. Body setae thin, shorter than 1/2 the width of corresponding segment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064CFF988BD03108E44EFD4A" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988BD03108E66DFDC5" bold="true" box="[197,352,576,602]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Systematics.</emphasis>
The male wing of
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF9889513109E5FDFDC5" box="[580,752,577,602]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ubatubaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF9889513109E5FDFDC5" box="[580,752,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ubatubaneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is typical for the
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF9888D03109E36EFDC5" box="[965,1123,577,602]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF9888D03109E36EFDC5" box="[965,1123,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group, having a clavus as described by
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064CFF988A273120E5A2FD1D" author="Saether" box="[306,687,616,642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Saether, O. A. &amp; Kristoffersen, L. (1996) Chironomids with &quot; M-fork &quot;. A reevaluation of the wing venation of the Corynoneura - group (Insecta, Diptera, Chironomidae). Spixiana, 19, 229 - 232." type="journal article" year="1996">Saether and Kristoffersen (1996)</bibRefCitation>
: a retracted and thickened costa together with a thickening of R1 and probably R2+3; R4+5 does not participate in the clavus and does not meet costa. In the males of
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988E0531D9E291FD35" box="[1296,1436,657,682]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Physoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988E0531D9E291FD35" box="[1296,1436,657,682]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Physoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988BDD31F3E65BFD4B" box="[200,342,699,724]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Notocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988BDD31F3E65BFD4B" box="[200,342,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Notocladius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
t clavus is different, here R4+5 meets costa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064CFF988BD031ACE659FC5F" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
The shape of the head and the antenna of both male and female
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF9888F231ADE396FD61" box="[999,1179,741,766]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ubatubaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF9888F231ADE396FD61" box="[999,1179,741,766]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ubatubaneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique within the
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988B823043E63AFCBB" box="[151,311,779,804]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988B823043E63AFCBB" box="[151,311,779,804]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. The hypopygium of
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF9889993043E436FCBB" box="[652,827,779,804]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ubatubaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF9889993043E436FCBB" box="[652,827,779,804]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ubatubaneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988F0E3043E3E8FCBB" box="[1051,1253,779,804]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Thienemanniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988F0E3043E3E8FCBB" box="[1051,1253,779,804]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Thienemanniella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the transverse sternapodeme is not broadened medially and inverted V- or U-shaped as in
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988F4E307AE20FFCD4" box="[1115,1282,818,843]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988F4E307AE20FFCD4" box="[1115,1282,818,843]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The lateral projections of the transverse sternapodeme and the inferior volsella are not developed as in
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988FF63011E265FCED" box="[1251,1384,857,882]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Onconeura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988FF63011E265FCED" box="[1251,1384,857,882]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Onconeura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988B823037E67BFC07" box="[151,374,895,920]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tempisquitoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988B823037E67BFC07" box="[151,374,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Tempisquitoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The anal point is absent (present in
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF98885C3037E4D0FC07" box="[841,989,895,920]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Physoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF98885C3037E4D0FC07" box="[841,989,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Physoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and megaseta is present (absent in
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988B8230EEE64EFC20" box="[151,323,934,959]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ichthyocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988B8230EEE64EFC20" box="[151,323,934,959]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ichthyocladius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064CFF988BD03084E4F8FB51" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
Some features of the pupa of
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF9889203085E5FDFC79" box="[565,752,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF9889203085E5E6FC79" box="[565,747,973,998]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ubatubaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ubatubaneura</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
as the presence of strong caudal hooklets on the tergal conjunctives and the reduction of the anal fringe and the taeniate lateral setae are shared with
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988FF330BBE267FB93" box="[1254,1386,1011,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Onconeura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988FF330BBE267FB93" box="[1254,1386,1011,1036]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Onconeura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988B823752E667FBAC" box="[151,362,1050,1075]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tempisquitoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988B823752E667FBAC" box="[151,362,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Tempisquitoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, these two genera have only one or lack small anal macrosetae, respectively. The presence of three anal macrosetae with hooked tips in
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF9888243709E4ECFBC5" box="[817,993,1089,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ubatubaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF9888243709E4ECFBC5" box="[817,993,1089,1114]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ubatubaneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is shared with
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988F893709E265FBC5" box="[1180,1384,1089,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Thienemanniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988F893709E265FBC5" box="[1180,1384,1089,1114]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Thienemanniella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other orthoclads as well, but the position of this structure on the ventral side of the anal lobe is unique for
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988B8237C6E649FB38" box="[151,324,1166,1191]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ubatubaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988B8237C6E649FB38" box="[151,324,1166,1191]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ubatubaneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064CFF988A4637C6E540FB37" box="[339,589,1166,1192]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. &amp; Saether, O. A. (2004) New species of Ichthyocladius Fittkau, a member of the Corynoneura - group (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae), with a review of the genus. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 39, 15 - 35." type="journal article">
Mendes
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988AAC37C6E6E3FB38" box="[441,494,1166,1191]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
. (2004)
</bibRefCitation>
mention that in
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF98880637C6E4CFFB38" box="[787,962,1166,1191]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ichthyocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF98880637C6E4CFFB38" box="[787,962,1166,1191]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ichthyocladius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the macrosetae are positioned apical or ventral to tergite IX, but in this genus the anal lobes are strongly reduced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064CFF988BD03793E7E0FA42" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
The larva of
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988A733793E514FB6B" box="[358,537,1243,1268]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ubatubaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988A733793E514FB6B" box="[358,537,1243,1268]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ubatubaneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF9889EA3793E4C3FB6B" box="[767,974,1243,1268]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Thienemanniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF9889EA3793E4C3FB6B" box="[767,974,1243,1268]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Thienemanniella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, lacking the elongated head found in
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988B82364AE63EFA84" box="[151,307,1282,1307]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988B82364AE63EFA84" box="[151,307,1282,1307]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988A57364AE518FA84" box="[322,533,1282,1307]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tempisquitoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988A57364AE518FA84" box="[322,533,1282,1307]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Tempisquitoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988959364AE5DDFA84" box="[588,720,1282,1307]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Onconeura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988959364AE5DDFA84" box="[588,720,1282,1307]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Onconeura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the 5-segmented antenna is only about as long as 1/2 the head length. The presence of a bifid SI seems to be a common feature in the
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988F073661E3A2FADD" box="[1042,1199,1321,1346]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988F073661E3A2FADD" box="[1042,1199,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, as it has also been observed in
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988A703618E4A5FAF6" box="[357,936,1360,1385]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988A703618E537FAF6" box="[357,570,1360,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tempisquitoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tempisquitoneura</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF9889533618E5DAFAF6" box="[582,727,1360,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Notocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Notocladius</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF9889F63618E4A5FAF6" box="[739,936,1360,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Thienemanniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thienemanniella</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(Epler &amp; de la
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064CFF988F4A3607E3D2FAF6" author="Rosa" box="[1119,1247,1359,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Epler, J. H. &amp; de la Rosa, C. L. (1995) Tempisquitoneura, a new genus of Neotropical Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) symphoretic on Corydalus (Megaloptera: Corydalidae). Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 14, 50 - 60." type="journal article" year="1995">Rosa 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064CFF988FFE3607E29AFAF6" author="Harrison" box="[1259,1431,1359,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Harrison, A. D. (1997) Two small Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae, Diptera) from the western Cape province, South Africa. Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums, Natural History, 19, 375 - 386." type="journal article" year="1997">Harrison 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064CFF988B82363EE634FA0F" author="Schmid" box="[151,313,1398,1424]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Schmid, P. E. (1993) A key to the Larval Chironomidae and their instars from Austrian Danube region streams and rivers with particular reference to a numerical taxonomic approach. Part one. Federal Institute for Water Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vienna, Austria, 515 pp." type="book" year="1993">Schmid 1993</bibRefCitation>
), and also in still undescribed species of
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988832363EE4A1FA10" box="[807,940,1398,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Onconeura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988832363EE4A1FA10" box="[807,940,1398,1423]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Onconeura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The apically split sub-basal setae on the posterior parapods are also found in
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF98895B36D5E5F9FA29" box="[590,756,1437,1462]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF98895B36D5E5E2FA29" box="[590,751,1437,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Corynoneura</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
but this structure has probably been overlooked in other genera.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48856562064CFF988BD036A2E472F8A6" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="002036E9064CFF988BD036A2E258F9E7" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988BD036A2E68CF99C" ID-CoL="9HGYT" box="[197,385,1514,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ubatubaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988BD036A2E68CF99C" box="[197,385,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ubatubaneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has several characters considered by
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064CFF98886436A2E32AF99B" author="Schlee" box="[881,1063,1514,1540]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Schlee, D. (1968) Vergleichende Merkmalanalyse zur Morphologie und Phylogenie der Corynoneura - Gruppe (Diptera, Chironomidae). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, 180, 1 - 149." type="journal article" year="1968">Schlee (1968)</bibRefCitation>
as plesiomorphic within the
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988B823559E63EF9B5" ID-CoL="62NXD" box="[151,307,1553,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988B823559E63EF9B5" box="[151,307,1553,1578]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group: male hind leg with two long tibial spurs, hind tibia not strongly enlarged and elongated, transverse sternapodeme comparatively straight and thin, and gonostylus not curved, with short megaseta. The non-elongated larval head and the short antenna are also considered as plesiomorphic by
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064CFF988FBF3516E25CF9E7" author="Schlee" box="[1194,1361,1630,1656]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Schlee, D. (1968) Vergleichende Merkmalanalyse zur Morphologie und Phylogenie der Corynoneura - Gruppe (Diptera, Chironomidae). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, 180, 1 - 149." type="journal article" year="1968">Schlee (1968)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="002036E9064CFF988BD035CCE472F8A6" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
The phylogenetic relationship of the
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF98898135CDE435F901" ID-CoL="62NXD" box="[660,824,1669,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF98898135CDE435F901" box="[660,824,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group was outlined by
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064CFF988F7735CCE265F901" box="[1122,1384,1668,1694]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. &amp; Saether, O. A. (2004) New species of Ichthyocladius Fittkau, a member of the Corynoneura - group (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae), with a review of the genus. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 39, 15 - 35." type="journal article">
Mendes
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988FD935CDE201F901" box="[1228,1292,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
(2004)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064CFF988B8235E3E6E3F95A" author="Andersen" box="[151,494,1707,1733]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Andersen, T. &amp; Saether, O. A. (2005) Onconeura, a new Neotropical orthoclad genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 957, 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2005">Andersen and Saether (2005)</bibRefCitation>
. If the
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF98895435E3E5D0F95B" ID-CoL="62NXD" box="[577,733,1707,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF98895435E3E5D0F95B" box="[577,733,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group belongs in the
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF9888F535E3E372F95B" ID-CoL="4FRK" box="[992,1151,1707,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Eukiefferiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF9888F535E3E372F95B" box="[992,1151,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Eukiefferiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, pupal characters as strong hooklets on the tergites, presence of pearl rows, reduced fringe, and reduced lateral taeniate setae can be considered as plesiomorphic within the group (see
<bibRefCitation id="640E4B18064CFF98884D35B1E382F88C" author="Andersen" box="[856,1167,1785,1811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Andersen, T. &amp; Saether, O. A. (2005) Onconeura, a new Neotropical orthoclad genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 957, 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2005">Andersen &amp; Saether 2005</bibRefCitation>
). This also indicates a basal position of
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF988A753468E506F8A6" ID-CoL="9HGYT" box="[352,523,1824,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Ubatubaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF988A753468E506F8A6" box="[352,523,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ubatubaneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within the
<taxonomicName id="C79F4D6A064CFF98899A3468E426F8A6" ID-CoL="62NXD" box="[655,811,1824,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Corynoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32EBEAFB064CFF98899A3468E426F8A6" box="[655,811,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Corynoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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