182 lines
20 KiB
XML
182 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="8DC5A7681867B269BDB2A91689CA69B2" ID-DOI="10.3897/evolsyst.8.139468" ID-ZooBank="4D0ADC1E-13E8-404E-A10A-E28C371EBC96" ID-publisher-id="139468" URI-arpha="DC7DA357-646A-5DAF-A23F-7A75DDB76045" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/4D0ADC1E-13E8-404E-A10A-E28C371EBC96" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1734621711582" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Diez, Yander L. & Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas" docDate="2024" docId="880FBC306C2D5C9EB51E6AF95E76212E" docLanguage="en" docName="Evolutionary Systematics 8(2): 279-310" docOrigin="Evolutionary Systematics 8 (2)" docSource="https://evolsyst.pensoft.net/article/139468/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Stenostomum gotlandense Larssson & Willems 2010" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="310" masterDocId="DC7DA357646A5DAFA23F7A75DDB76045" masterDocTitle="Little neighbours in Hamburg: free-living aquatic flatworms (Platyhelminthes)" masterLastPageNumber="310" masterPageNumber="279" pageNumber="279" updateTime="1734621836668" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo id="15C5FBC5DA4AA69C0F44570629EED734">
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<mods:title id="CB142F788C69EE7C872BE83CEE088D36">Little neighbours in Hamburg: free-living aquatic flatworms (Platyhelminthes)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8450B25FF8F1837C881F4EC9D6D5FFD1" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="64EC8EE740C2B1D7E5BB6B60E86E17EF">Diez, Yander L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B4ABDFE4890C122C59DB3D89DAA213B7" type="ORCID">0000-0001-8741-4799</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="22D9F82A10586287DCD4A2E6B413367F">Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, D- 20146, Hamburg, Germany & Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D06DFD3C9A1F005249870C6ED24A95D7">Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2BAC561336E9CCDE9E55F32BE2090AAE" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4102-9371</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F7583D614C8B250EC1DE4C5CE5A07837">Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, D- 20146, Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2DDB7CD4841A1F136673F80752AE8581">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6675D106D91C047775A0CF0095A822E6">Evolutionary Systematics</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="562F9F5D8024FA6AFBBE2E6186C65202">
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<mods:date id="D2CF9BAA4593D6BFE925866916A4DA2F">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2CEA78454435563F94353D4D047D4265">2024-12-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="19D0316B7C330885CAC2D838F6399626">8</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4E2ABD42CE971DA7158A066F45C398D6" type="DOI">10.3897/evolsyst.8.139468</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D80EF5FDADF231C44F2005E012E3E712" type="ZooBank">4D0ADC1E-13E8-404E-A10A-E28C371EBC96</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="880FBC306C2D5C9EB51E6AF95E76212E" ID-arpha="880FBC30-6C2D-5C9E-B51E-6AF95E76212E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:880FBC306C2D5C9EB51E6AF95E76212E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/880FBC306C2D5C9EB51E6AF95E76212E">
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<subSubSection id="7F7D5EE74589B17525B3050A76E9ED83" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7E9C165A7F930E022B7BB918B1F9F8C3">
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<taxonomicName id="9299BA4845DCFAB93206501E46BD79FD" ID-CoL="525KL" authority="Larsson & Willems, 2010" authorityName="Larssson & Willems" authorityYear="2010" family="Stenostomidae" genus="Stenostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Catenulida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gotlandense">
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<emphasis id="09915C51A4A3221A60F17B8C64D9D2CF" italics="true">Stenostomum gotlandense</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="7237336F8889E48A97610486153745E4" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2396.1.1" author="Larsson K & Willems W" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="1-18" refId="B57" refString="Larsson K, Willems W (2010) Report on freshwater Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) from Sweden with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 2396: 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2396.1. 1" title="Report on freshwater Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) from Sweden with the description of four new species." volume="2396" year="2010">Larsson & Willems, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="CA7DCB2C9D604E7149530699607CEFD1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5B8CF2A5B1C7B91BBD7F969730A500F0">
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<figureCitation id="70BF08303BFA3E3179CAA8100F641D40" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenostomum gotlandense. A. Habitus of a swimming specimen; B. Anterior part of the body; C. Anterior part of the body showing the brain; D. Posterior part of the body. Abbreviations: ab anterior brain; br brain; cp ciliated pits; ep excretophore; i intestine; m mouth; pb posterior brain; ph pharynx; pn protonephridia. Scale bars: 50 μm (A, C); 100 μm (B, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1203014">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXNAK" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="47639922E7FD8EB2C19AC808BFFCB6D4">
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<heading id="9488225DB1EDE45FF5BCC45451E5AEC2" reason="title">Known distribution.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="22C114021B44E4A710050CAC622FAB86">
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Species only known, until now, from
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<collectingRegion id="59D86B945A9CCC2846865EEA9FC3D6B7" country="Sweden" name="Gotland">Gotland</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="AE589939D46B5011B4D10A3385B88F3B" name="Sweden">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="7B9549A664AAA81B4033086E0CA3E638" DOI="10.1016/j.ode.2008.09.003" author="Larsson" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Larsson" journalOrPublisher="Organisms, Diversity & Evolution" pagination="399-412" refId="B56" refString="Larsson K, Ahmadzadeh A, Jondelius U (2008) DNA taxonomy of Swedish Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) and a phylogenetic framework of catenulid classification. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 8: 399–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ode.2008.09.003" title="DNA taxonomy of Swedish Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) and a phylogenetic framework of catenulid classification." volume="8" year="2008">Larsson et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EAD384CF0E0B26616422EBCC9DA6D996" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2396.1.1" author="Larsson and Willems" firstAuthor="Larsson" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="1-18" refId="B57" refString="Larsson K, Willems W (2010) Report on freshwater Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) from Sweden with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 2396: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2396.1.1" title="Report on freshwater Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) from Sweden with the description of four new species." volume="2396" year="2010">Larsson and Willems 2010</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EFOAK" type="material">
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<paragraph id="EB9A0C4368F5062FA0AD83F9D9F1591B">
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<heading id="64436CB44D4872548FAFC32CE8E05AF8" reason="title">Material.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5B7849EDB57EE70E0D53CE98528EC47">
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<specimenCount id="868CAA5B6418DE803A31C71044E1988B" count="2" type="generic">Two specimens</specimenCount>
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studied alive and stored in absolute ethanol for molecular analyses, one of them sequenced; collected in Kirchwerder-Fünfhausen, submerged vegetation and litter in an irrigation channel,
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<quantity id="8785A1C6D9231FEAC020EB21209B1C12" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="0.15" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.2 m</quantity>
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deep.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EKOAK" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="40E9B98B99835856FB853662DD2DF6CE">
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<heading id="8A4F4EA49BC57FCF10469DB0F266EE18" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="236242693F1E658D9E633D6698C1325E">
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Specimens measuring 768–957 µm long (
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<emphasis id="F1C91DA90D650F8F3725961DE8D5DDC6" italics="true">x ̄</emphasis>
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= 863 µm; n = 2) and 90–110 µm at widest point (
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<emphasis id="1D316ED632D37154F0438D6FB140DA5F" italics="true">x ̄</emphasis>
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= 100 µm; n = 2), with two zooids, slender, tapering to both rounded extremes (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="941587EF84F9190D98D755A723F9FFF0" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenostomum gotlandense. A. Habitus of a swimming specimen; B. Anterior part of the body; C. Anterior part of the body showing the brain; D. Posterior part of the body. Abbreviations: ab anterior brain; br brain; cp ciliated pits; ep excretophore; i intestine; m mouth; pb posterior brain; ph pharynx; pn protonephridia. Scale bars: 50 μm (A, C); 100 μm (B, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1203014">1 A</figureCitation>
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). The ciliated pits (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="EBA8439D1C4FB6F3658D7322D7EB0A7A" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenostomum gotlandense. A. Habitus of a swimming specimen; B. Anterior part of the body; C. Anterior part of the body showing the brain; D. Posterior part of the body. Abbreviations: ab anterior brain; br brain; cp ciliated pits; ep excretophore; i intestine; m mouth; pb posterior brain; ph pharynx; pn protonephridia. Scale bars: 50 μm (A, C); 100 μm (B, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1203014">1 B</figureCitation>
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: cp) are relative short and open close to the most anterior part of the body. The epidermis is fully ciliated. Larger cilia are distributed along the body, particularly in the anterior and posterior ends. The brain (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="AEB7B689853C03E000D2923043892560" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenostomum gotlandense. A. Habitus of a swimming specimen; B. Anterior part of the body; C. Anterior part of the body showing the brain; D. Posterior part of the body. Abbreviations: ab anterior brain; br brain; cp ciliated pits; ep excretophore; i intestine; m mouth; pb posterior brain; ph pharynx; pn protonephridia. Scale bars: 50 μm (A, C); 100 μm (B, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1203014">1 B</figureCitation>
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: br) consists of two pairs of lobes, the anterior brain (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="E11500405DA582D80AC73552C3584465" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenostomum gotlandense. A. Habitus of a swimming specimen; B. Anterior part of the body; C. Anterior part of the body showing the brain; D. Posterior part of the body. Abbreviations: ab anterior brain; br brain; cp ciliated pits; ep excretophore; i intestine; m mouth; pb posterior brain; ph pharynx; pn protonephridia. Scale bars: 50 μm (A, C); 100 μm (B, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1203014">1 C</figureCitation>
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: ab) and the posterior brain (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="1633E0DF2D8CDE74793A656E60EF7FA9" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenostomum gotlandense. A. Habitus of a swimming specimen; B. Anterior part of the body; C. Anterior part of the body showing the brain; D. Posterior part of the body. Abbreviations: ab anterior brain; br brain; cp ciliated pits; ep excretophore; i intestine; m mouth; pb posterior brain; ph pharynx; pn protonephridia. Scale bars: 50 μm (A, C); 100 μm (B, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1203014">1 C</figureCitation>
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: pb). We were not able to determine the exact number of compartments of the anterior brain, but in
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<specimenCount id="2CE2919E21C129E30D139BCDDFFE0BE0" count="1" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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there appear to exist seven. Refractile bodies not present. Proximal rim of the pharynx (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="E28B515670C404197FABD3795B6A0938" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenostomum gotlandense. A. Habitus of a swimming specimen; B. Anterior part of the body; C. Anterior part of the body showing the brain; D. Posterior part of the body. Abbreviations: ab anterior brain; br brain; cp ciliated pits; ep excretophore; i intestine; m mouth; pb posterior brain; ph pharynx; pn protonephridia. Scale bars: 50 μm (A, C); 100 μm (B, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1203014">1 A, B</figureCitation>
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: ph) with a number of folds and surrounds the large mouth opening (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="6B1F067671FEE0EBFC4AF413A31EDB9C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenostomum gotlandense. A. Habitus of a swimming specimen; B. Anterior part of the body; C. Anterior part of the body showing the brain; D. Posterior part of the body. Abbreviations: ab anterior brain; br brain; cp ciliated pits; ep excretophore; i intestine; m mouth; pb posterior brain; ph pharynx; pn protonephridia. Scale bars: 50 μm (A, C); 100 μm (B, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1203014">1 A, B</figureCitation>
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: m). The protonephridium (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="97ED8FBA54ACCC288A1F9D93F14A750B" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenostomum gotlandense. A. Habitus of a swimming specimen; B. Anterior part of the body; C. Anterior part of the body showing the brain; D. Posterior part of the body. Abbreviations: ab anterior brain; br brain; cp ciliated pits; ep excretophore; i intestine; m mouth; pb posterior brain; ph pharynx; pn protonephridia. Scale bars: 50 μm (A, C); 100 μm (B, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1203014">1 D</figureCitation>
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: pn) ends in a nephridiopore at the posterior end of the body.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="2B5EC1374D9CB3B1B994F6BB7ED63E44" ID-arpha="62CFACC8-B9BA-5875-BB25-553426504D28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1203014" startId="F1">
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<paragraph id="3343E01D36A4ACB0E5EA53877BFCE593">
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<label id="A3B29AA964D26C88E60BB3C97095D345">Figure 1.</label>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ACCEB27B56F25B303CC2EFC56DB78789">
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<taxonomicName id="A7FF964CAD6F7285AEA0819030A77EBC" authorityName="Larssson & Willems" authorityYear="2010" family="Stenostomidae" genus="Stenostomum" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gotlandense">
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<emphasis id="06EC3EDA806A99AD9CBC3070468BF018" italics="true">Stenostomum gotlandense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="A9A476F9E6CC411529D984D16717BA06" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
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Habitus of a swimming specimen;
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<emphasis id="3E1004A5FCE625251EEDAAD9E5C4BCDC" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
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Anterior part of the body;
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<emphasis id="E790BDEB653ABC6C98CDF54CF8814560" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
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Anterior part of the body showing the brain;
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<emphasis id="3C5E4E4F0340E3674012E607D5F2ABEF" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
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Posterior part of the body. Abbreviations:
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<emphasis id="C381374C1D93FB8082D1E02D1E0DC53C" bold="true">ab</emphasis>
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anterior brain;
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<emphasis id="809E006FB413F10BACA292B303434D27" bold="true">br</emphasis>
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brain;
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<emphasis id="C14CB4F2A02C22217D43C9F44F866021" bold="true">cp</emphasis>
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ciliated pits;
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<emphasis id="F65C2746140677D26C14CEFBF6282296" bold="true">ep</emphasis>
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excretophore;
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<emphasis id="A098378C7DAA1A148A12EC0634099856" bold="true">i</emphasis>
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intestine;
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<emphasis id="4477703EC63A196F21D52A1812F3EE86" bold="true">m</emphasis>
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mouth;
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<emphasis id="8DCB97AD98E70E3863C300C878E91297" bold="true">pb</emphasis>
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posterior brain;
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||
<emphasis id="CCBB436E53726E64F5A366598C558277" bold="true">ph</emphasis>
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pharynx;
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<emphasis id="4F1795531008999054028B000CA701FA" bold="true">pn</emphasis>
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protonephridia. Scale bars: 50 μm (
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<emphasis id="AA7C0A8577676CF14B40E14F7889764E" bold="true">A, C</emphasis>
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||
); 100 μm (
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<emphasis id="0A621E4B0FFB410C7362E9677B2EF4F7" bold="true">B, D</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="FAFAD7E8E1A79A8E6FAA3741FD14A806">
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As noted by
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<bibRefCitation id="945F6EAA145EF97A16811A14A85AE312" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2396.1.1" author="Larsson K & Willems W" firstAuthor="Larsson" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="1-18" refId="B57" refString="Larsson K, Willems W (2010) Report on freshwater Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) from Sweden with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 2396: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2396.1.1" title="Report on freshwater Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) from Sweden with the description of four new species." volume="2396" year="2010">Larsson and Willems (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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, the folded rim of the pharynx, the large mouth opening, and the small ciliated pits represent a unique combination of morphological traits within
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<taxonomicName id="819D6299921E7C9EE3C79A608C3789F6" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1848" family="Stenostomidae" genus="Stenostomum" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="04DA60D84592BBDE64885119A50C4EEA" italics="true">Stenostomum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Our morphological identification is further corroborated by the phylogenetic analysis, leading us to confidently report this species for the first time in
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<collectingCountry id="065C9F948168CB409435F036A8497BE3" name="Germany">Germany</collectingCountry>
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, specifically in
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<collectingRegion id="32E7611D42F3A7BAEDBE7C100FE71A9C" country="Germany" name="Hamburg">Hamburg</collectingRegion>
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. The German specimens are similar in size, considering the length of the first zooid (495–588 µm), to those from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F415BD9E1D6BCC96B90A3B0FBAED8909" name="Sweden">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
(500 µm). However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BB95313EB3DA20E8EF44BE6FF3C0458C" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2396.1.1" author="Larsson K & Willems W" firstAuthor="Larsson" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="1-18" refId="B57" refString="Larsson K, Willems W (2010) Report on freshwater Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) from Sweden with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 2396: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2396.1.1" title="Report on freshwater Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) from Sweden with the description of four new species." volume="2396" year="2010">Larsson and Willems (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
observed that their specimens exhibited approximately 10 compartments in the anterior brain, whereas the specimens from Hamburg present about seven. Nonetheless,
|
||
<specimenCount id="61B52202345DFC0198B293503B01A645" count="1" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66FBB373C8947B2C74CD55C8D5B8E101" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2396.1.1" author="Larsson and Willems" firstAuthor="Larsson" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="1-18" refId="B57" refString="Larsson K, Willems W (2010) Report on freshwater Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) from Sweden with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 2396: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2396.1.1" title="Report on freshwater Catenulida (Platyhelminthes) from Sweden with the description of four new species." volume="2396" year="2010">Larsson and Willems (2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 3 B) shows only six segments in the anterior brain.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |