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<document id="16EFF5717844B100B47CDCD9E7C7E2BA" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5577.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14763362" ID-ZooBank="A5924C49-3957-4A8A-BD8E-D0FE741D6B1F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1738152784248" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gil, Marta &amp; Ramil, Fran" docDate="2025" docId="846787B2FFDBF24EFF76FC28FCE50DCE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5577.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5577 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5577.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Clytia paulensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="785EFFCAFFFBF26EFFE1FFA2FFD00A4E" masterDocTitle="Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Guinea Bissau" masterLastPageNumber="89" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1738154438528" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C05DA12BFAAE1BFED0029CE3203FB2AD">Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Guinea Bissau</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="19A44DB105B8FB4679F9B8F7B806AEE4">Gil, Marta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="51F3E7DC5A81930BEB32EA9EECAAFD7B">Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar e Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM-Uvigo), Universidade de Vigo. Campus Lagoas-Marcosende. 36310 Vigo. Spain &amp; martag @ uvigo. gal; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8985 - 332 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="08B65DE18E1E6EA167FC9F776615871C">Ramil, Fran</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E5253D652B103029B6622D5344017D6D">Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar e Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM-Uvigo), Universidade de Vigo. Campus Lagoas-Marcosende. 36310 Vigo. Spain &amp; Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar e Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM-Uvigo), Universidade de Vigo. Campus Lagoas-Marcosende. 36310 Vigo. Spain &amp; framil @ uvigo. gal; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9146 - 8201 * Corresponding author</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF76FC28FDEE09EA" blockId="32.[151,574,906,933]" box="[151,574,906,933]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="573981C8FFDBF24EFF76FC28FDEE09EA" bold="true" box="[151,574,906,933]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFDBF24EFF76FC28FDEE09EA" ID-CoL="5ZFCY" authority="(Vanhoffen, 1910)" baseAuthorityName="Vanhoffen" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[151,574,906,933]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paulensis">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFF76FC28FDEE09EA" bold="true" box="[151,574,906,933]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFF76FC28FE8809EB" bold="true" box="[151,344,906,933]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Clytia paulensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFE86FC28FDE509EA" author="Vanhoffen, E." box="[359,565,906,932]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="269 - 340" refId="ref95910" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar Expedition, 2 (4), 269 - 340." type="journal article" year="1910">Vanhöffen, 1910</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44D4652FFFDBF24EFF76FC6DFBF00E0D" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF76FC6DFD1909A9" blockId="32.[151,1437,975,1091]" box="[151,713,975,999]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2CDE118AFFDBF24EFF76FC6DFD1909A9" box="[151,713,975,999]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<treatmentCitation id="8D6F10B5FFDBF24EFF76FC6DFDA509A9" author="Vanhoffen, E." box="[151,629,975,999]" page="298" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1910">
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFDBF24EFF76FC6DFDA509A9" ID-CoL="5X8DQ" authority="Vanhoffen, 1910: 298" authorityName="Vanhoffen" authorityPageNumber="298" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,629,975,999]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Campanularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paulensis">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFF76FC6DFE4109A9" box="[151,401,975,999]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Campanularia paulensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFE76FC6DFDA509A9" author="Vanhoffen, E." box="[407,629,975,999]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="269 - 340" refId="ref95910" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar Expedition, 2 (4), 269 - 340." type="journal article" year="1910">Vanhöffen, 1910: 298</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 19.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF76FC4CFBF00E0D" blockId="32.[151,1437,975,1091]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2CDE118AFFDBF24EFF76FC4CFBF00E0D" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFDBF24EFF76FC4CFEEE0E48" ID-CoL="5ZFCY" baseAuthorityName="Vanhoffen" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[151,318,1006,1030]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paulensis">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFF76FC4CFEEE0E48" box="[151,318,1006,1030]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Clytia paulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: Ramil, 1988: 240244.—
<treatmentCitation id="8D6F10B5FFDBF24EFDB6FC4CFCBB0E48" author="Gili, J. M. &amp; Vervoort, W. &amp; Pages, F." box="[599,875,1006,1030]" page="106" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFDB6FC4CFCBB0E48" author="Gili, J. M. &amp; Vervoort, W. &amp; Pages, F." box="[599,875,1006,1030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="67 - 112" refId="ref89467" refString="Gili, J. M., Vervoort, W. &amp; Pages, F. (1989) Hydroids from the West African coast: Guinea-Bissau, Namibia and South Africa. Scientia Marina, 53 (1), 67 - 112." type="journal article" year="1989">
Gili
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFD69FC4DFD6E0E48" box="[648,702,1006,1030]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
, 1989: 106107
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 31A.—
<treatmentCitation id="8D6F10B5FFDBF24EFC0CFC4CFAE20E48" author="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[1005,1330,1006,1030]" page="239" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFC0CFC4CFAE20E48" author="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[1005,1330,1006,1030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref94206" refString="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992 a) Report on the Hydroida collected by the &quot; BALGIM &quot; expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 277, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992">Ramil &amp; Vervoort, 1992a: 239</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig 67C D.—
<treatmentCitation id="8D6F10B5FFDBF24EFF19FBAEFDC30E6A" author="Cornelius, P. F. S." box="[248,531,1036,1060]" page="258" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFF19FBAEFDC30E6A" author="Cornelius, P. F. S." box="[248,531,1036,1060]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 386" refId="ref87563" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1995 b) North-West European Thecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Part 2. Sertulariidae to Campanulariidae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, 50, 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="1995">Cornelius, 1995b: 258260</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 59.—
<treatmentCitation id="8D6F10B5FFDBF24EFD61FBAEFC1C0E6B" author="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[640,972,1036,1061]" page="39" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFD61FBAEFC1C0E6B" author="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[640,972,1036,1061]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref92095" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2000) Atlantic Haleciidae and Campanulariidae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 330, 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="2000">Medel &amp; Vervoort, 2000: 3941</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="8D6F10B5FFDBF24EFC0BFBAFFEF20E0D" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M." page="152" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFC0BFBAFFEF20E0D" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M." pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref93611" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa, 2002: 152154</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 29AC.—
<treatmentCitation id="8D6F10B5FFDBF24EFE5AFB89FD6D0E0D" author="Vervoort, W." box="[443,701,1067,1091]" page="271" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFE5AFB89FD6D0E0D" author="Vervoort, W." box="[443,701,1067,1091]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="181 - 318" refId="ref96410" refString="Vervoort, W. (2006) Leptolida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Hystory, Leiden, the Netherlands [Anthoathecata, various families of Leptothecata and addenda]. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 80, 181 - 318." type="journal article" year="2006">Vervoort, 2006: 271272</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="8D6F10B5FFDBF24EFD3DFB89FC760E0D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098619" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5098619" author="Galea, H. R." box="[732,934,1067,1091]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F5A8787BF1BFFDEFF0EF8E79877FA62" page="89" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFD3DFB89FC760E0D" author="Galea, H. R." box="[732,934,1067,1091]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref88218" refString="Galea, H. R. (2007) Hydroids and hydromedusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the fjords region of southern Chile. Zootaxa, 1597 (1), 1 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1597.1.1" type="journal article" year="2007">Galea, 2007: 8990</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; fig. 20JL.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44D4652FFFDBF24EFF76FBD3FD210FBA" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF76FBD3FD380E9D" blockId="32.[151,1436,1137,1920]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFF76FBD3FE530EC5" bold="true" box="[151,387,1137,1163]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Material examined.</emphasis>
BISSAU-0810, stn BS191, 10º18'25&quot;
<geoCoordinate id="69FA5063FFDBF24EFCA4FBD3FC190EC2" box="[837,969,1137,1164]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="20" value="10.322222">10º19'20&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 16º08'47&quot;
<geoCoordinate id="69FA5063FFDBF24EFBB3FBD3FB0A0EC5" box="[1106,1242,1137,1163]" degrees="16" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="47" value="-16.146389">16º08'47&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CB369B41FFDBF24EFB09FBD3FA800EC2" box="[1256,1360,1137,1164]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="24.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="24.0">2425 m</quantity>
,
<date id="78701064FFDBF24EFABFFBD3FF030EE1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2008-11-03">3-XI-2008</date>
: 10 colonies without gonothecae, of which four growing on
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFDBF24EFC97FB37FBF80EE1" baseAuthorityName="Lamouroux" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[886,1064,1173,1199]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Idiellana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pristis">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFC97FB37FBF80EE1" box="[886,1064,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Idiellana pristis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, three on
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFDBF24EFB79FB37FA450EE1" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1856" box="[1176,1429,1173,1199]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="capilllare">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFB79FB37FA450EE1" box="[1176,1429,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Eudendrium capilllare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, two on unidentified hydroids and one on a bryozoan.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF26FB7FFB700F52" blockId="32.[151,1436,1137,1920]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
BISSAU-0810, stn BS194, 10º21'59&quot;
<geoCoordinate id="69FA5063FFDBF24EFD9AFB7FFCD00EB6" box="[635,768,1245,1272]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="36" value="10.376667">10º22'36&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 16º13'23&quot;
<geoCoordinate id="69FA5063FFDBF24EFC67FB7FFBDE0EB9" box="[902,1038,1245,1271]" degrees="16" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-16.234167">16º14'03&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CB369B41FFDBF24EFBFDFB7FFB520EB6" box="[1052,1154,1245,1272]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="22.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="21.0">2124 m</quantity>
,
<date id="78701064FFDBF24EFB6EFB7FFADA0EB9" box="[1167,1290,1245,1271]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2008-11-03">3-XI-2008</date>
: six colonies without gonothecae, of which five growing on bryozoans and one on
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFDBF24EFC40FAA3FB490F55" authorityName="Coughtrey" authorityYear="1876" box="[929,1177,1281,1307]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="delicatulum">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFC40FAA3FB490F55" box="[929,1177,1281,1307]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Halecium delicatulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF26FA87FD5C0F2D" blockId="32.[151,1436,1137,1920]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
BISSAU-0810, stn BS195, 10º22'44&quot;
<geoCoordinate id="69FA5063FFDBF24EFD6EFA87FCC00F71" box="[655,784,1317,1343]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="22" value="10.389444">10º23'22&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 16º15'37&quot;
<geoCoordinate id="69FA5063FFDBF24EFC7FFA87FBF60F0E" box="[926,1062,1317,1344]" degrees="16" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-16.271666">16º16'18&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CB369B41FFDBF24EFBD9FA87FBAA0F0E" box="[1080,1146,1317,1344]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="29.0">29 m</quantity>
,
<date id="78701064FFDBF24EFB6CFA87FAD80F71" box="[1165,1288,1317,1343]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2008-11-03">3-XI-2008</date>
: one colony without gonothecae, growing on a bryozoan.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF26FACFFD120FE2" blockId="32.[151,1436,1137,1920]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
BISSAU-0810, stn BS216, 10º30'53&quot;
<geoCoordinate id="69FA5063FFDBF24EFD92FACFFD250FC6" box="[627,757,1389,1416]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="39" value="10.5275">10º31'39&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 16º31'33&quot;
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,
<quantity id="CB369B41FFDBF24EFBEBFACFFBBD0FC6" box="[1034,1133,1389,1416]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="57.0" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="56.0">5658 m</quantity>
,
<date id="78701064FFDBF24EFB96FACFFB220FC9" box="[1143,1266,1389,1415]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2008-11-07">7-XI-2008</date>
: seven colonies without gonothecae growing on
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFDBF24EFDE3FA33FD6B0FE5" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[514,699,1425,1451]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="beanii">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFDE3FA33FD6B0FE5" box="[514,699,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Halecium beanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF26FA17FD210FBA" blockId="32.[151,1436,1137,1920]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
BISSAU-0810, stn BS226, 11º22'11&quot;
<geoCoordinate id="69FA5063FFDBF24EFD9FFA17FCD00F9E" box="[638,768,1461,1488]" degrees="11" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="55" value="11.365278">11º21'55&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 17º02'30&quot;
<geoCoordinate id="69FA5063FFDBF24EFC6BFA17FBC20F9E" box="[906,1042,1461,1488]" degrees="17" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-17.031666">17º01'54&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CB369B41FFDBF24EFBC1FA17FB570F9E" box="[1056,1159,1461,1488]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="36.0" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="35.0">3537 m</quantity>
,
<date id="78701064FFDBF24EFB77FA17FAC00F81" box="[1174,1296,1461,1487]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2008-11-09">9-XI-2008</date>
: one colony without gonothecae growing on
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFDBF24EFDE3FA7BFD3A0FBD" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[514,746,1497,1523]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="halecinum">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFDE3FA7BFD3A0FBD" box="[514,746,1497,1523]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Halecium halecinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44D4652FFFDBF24EFF26FA5FFBC00C56" box="[199,1040,1533,1560]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF26FA5FFBC00C56" blockId="32.[151,1436,1137,1920]" box="[199,1040,1533,1560]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFF26FA5FFEEB0C59" bold="true" box="[199,315,1533,1559]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</emphasis>
This is a well-known species that requires no further comments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44D4652FFFDBF24EFF26F983FA850CA1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF26F983FDE10C85" blockId="32.[151,1436,1137,1920]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFF26F983FEF70C75" bold="true" box="[199,295,1569,1595]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Biology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFDBF24EFED3F983FE3B0C75" baseAuthorityName="Vanhoffen" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[306,491,1569,1595]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paulensis">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFED3F983FE3B0C75" box="[306,491,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Clytia paulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been found growing on algae and on a wide range of invertebrates, such as polychaete tubes, bryozoans, ascidians, mollusk shells, anthozoans, gastropods and other hydroids (
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFB08F9E7FE790CCD" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M." pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref93611" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFE55F9C8FD8A0CCD" author="Vervoort, W." box="[436,602,1641,1668]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="181 - 318" refId="ref96410" refString="Vervoort, W. (2006) Leptolida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Hystory, Leiden, the Netherlands [Anthoathecata, various families of Leptothecata and addenda]. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 80, 181 - 318." type="journal article" year="2006">Vervoort 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFD87F9CBFD3A0CCD" author="Galea, H. R." box="[614,746,1641,1667]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref88218" refString="Galea, H. R. (2007) Hydroids and hydromedusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the fjords region of southern Chile. Zootaxa, 1597 (1), 1 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1597.1.1" type="journal article" year="2007">Galea 2007</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFD16F9CBFC710CCD" author="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. &amp; Ansin Agis, J." box="[759,929,1641,1667]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="412 - 466" refId="ref89415" refString="Gil, M., Ramil, F. &amp; Ansin Agis, J. (2020) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Mauritanian Coral Mounds. Zootaxa, 4878 (3), 412 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4878.3.2" type="journal article" year="2020">
Gil
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFCC2F9C8FC8D0CCD" box="[803,861,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). In the northern hemisphere, fertile material has been found from April to August (
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFDA9F92FFBC80CE9" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M." box="[584,1048,1677,1703]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref93611" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa 2002</bibRefCitation>
), and propagulae have been found in October by
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFED9F910FDFD0C85" author="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E." box="[312,557,1713,1740]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="123 - 150" refId="ref85325" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi (1986)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF26F977FA850CA1" blockId="32.[151,1436,1137,1920]" box="[199,1365,1749,1776]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Colonies studied by us were found growing on hydroids and bryozoans. Gonothecae were not observed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44D4652FFFDBF24EFF26F95BFCE50DCE" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF26F95BFE350D15" blockId="32.[151,1436,1137,1920]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFF26F95BFE890D5D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1785,1811]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Distribution</emphasis>
. This species has a circumglobal distribution (
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFCB2F95BFB8E0D5D" author="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[851,1118,1785,1812]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref92095" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2000) Atlantic Haleciidae and Campanulariidae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 330, 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="2000">Medel &amp; Vervoort 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFB86F95BFB3A0D5D" author="Galea, H. R." box="[1127,1258,1785,1811]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref88218" refString="Galea, H. R. (2007) Hydroids and hydromedusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the fjords region of southern Chile. Zootaxa, 1597 (1), 1 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1597.1.1" type="journal article" year="2007">Galea 2007</bibRefCitation>
). Its distribution in West Africa has been documented recently by
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFD28F8BFFC560D79" author="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. &amp; Ansin Agis, J." box="[713,902,1821,1847]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="412 - 466" refId="ref89415" refString="Gil, M., Ramil, F. &amp; Ansin Agis, J. (2020) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Mauritanian Coral Mounds. Zootaxa, 4878 (3), 412 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4878.3.2" type="journal article" year="2020">
Gil
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFD17F8BCFCE00D79" box="[758,816,1821,1847]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
(2020)
</bibRefCitation>
. Its bathymetric range ranges from
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(Ramil 1988;
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFDBF24EFED2F8E3FE090D15" author="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. &amp; Ansin Agis, J." box="[307,473,1857,1883]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="412 - 466" refId="ref89415" refString="Gil, M., Ramil, F. &amp; Ansin Agis, J. (2020) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Mauritanian Coral Mounds. Zootaxa, 4878 (3), 412 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4878.3.2" type="journal article" year="2020">
Gil
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFDBF24EFEBFF8E0FE460D15" box="[350,406,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFDBF24EFF26F8C7FCE50DCE" blockId="32.[151,1436,1137,1920]" box="[199,821,1893,1920]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
Our material was collected at depths between
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>