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<mods:title id="D554E1A8D29D9AB3657187B6D41C85AC">Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Guinea Bissau</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6B61332D6EBA4686CB98651A92AB5005">Gil, Marta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="67D9A376182FC85E0F2259CB78BB1F47">Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar e Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM-Uvigo), Universidade de Vigo. Campus Lagoas-Marcosende. 36310 Vigo. Spain &amp; Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar e Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM-Uvigo), Universidade de Vigo. Campus Lagoas-Marcosende. 36310 Vigo. Spain &amp; framil @ uvigo. gal; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9146 - 8201 * Corresponding author</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFD4F241FF76FBEAFDAF0E2C" blockId="47.[151,639,1096,1159]" box="[151,639,1096,1123]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<heading id="573981C8FFD4F241FF76FBEAFDAF0E2C" bold="true" box="[151,639,1096,1123]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFD4F241FF76FBEAFDAF0E2C" ID-CoL="6YKJH" authority="Vervoort, 1959" authorityName="Vervoort" authorityYear="1959" box="[151,639,1096,1123]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertularellidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulitheca">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFD4F241FF76FBEAFDAF0E2C" bold="true" box="[151,639,1096,1123]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFD4F241FF76FBEAFE6F0E2D" bold="true" box="[151,447,1096,1123]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sertularella undulitheca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFD4F241FE27FBEBFDAF0E2C" author="Vervoort, W." box="[454,639,1096,1123]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="211 - 325" refId="ref96151" refString="Vervoort, W. (1959) The Hydroida of the tropical west coast of Africa. Scientific Results of the Danish Expedition to the Coasts of Tropical West Africa, 1945 - 1946, 5, 211 - 325." type="journal article" year="1959">Vervoort, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="44D4652FFFD4F241FF76FBCEFF2E0EC9" box="[151,254,1132,1159]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFD4F241FF76FBCEFF2E0EC9" blockId="47.[151,639,1096,1159]" box="[151,254,1132,1159]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
(
<figureCitation id="94F52A21FFD4F241FF7EFBCEFF250EC9" box="[159,245,1132,1159]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[224,1365,197,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-21@46.[218,1370,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 8. A. Sertularella polyzonias (Linnaeus, 1758) (stn BS157), portion of colony. B. Sertularella undulitheca Vervoort, 1959 (stn BS192), portion of hydrocladium. C. Amphisbetia distans (Lamouroux, 1816) (stn BS192), portion of stem. DF. Idiellana pristis (Lamouroux, 1816) (stn BS191); portion of hydrocladium (D); gonothecae (EF). Scales: af, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14763394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14763394/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44D4652FFFD4F241FF76FB13FB790E86" box="[151,1193,1201,1225]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFD4F241FF76FB13FB790E86" blockId="47.[151,1193,1201,1225]" box="[151,1193,1201,1225]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2CDE118AFFD4F241FF76FB13FB790E86" box="[151,1193,1201,1225]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<treatmentCitation id="8D6F10B5FFD4F241FF76FB13FD440E87" author="Vervoort, W." box="[151,660,1201,1225]" page="271" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1959">
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFD4F241FF76FB13FD440E87" ID-CoL="6YKJH" authority="Vervoort, 1959: 269 - 271" authorityName="Vervoort" authorityPageNumber="269 - 271" authorityYear="1959" box="[151,660,1201,1225]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertularellidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulitheca">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFD4F241FF76FB13FE5E0E87" box="[151,398,1201,1225]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sertularella undulitheca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFD4F241FE72FB13FD440E87" author="Vervoort, W." box="[403,660,1201,1225]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="211 - 325" refId="ref96151" refString="Vervoort, W. (1959) The Hydroida of the tropical west coast of Africa. Scientific Results of the Danish Expedition to the Coasts of Tropical West Africa, 1945 - 1946, 5, 211 - 325." type="journal article" year="1959">Vervoort, 1959: 269271</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 32.—
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<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFD4F241FD1EFB13FBE30E87" author="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F." box="[767,1075,1201,1225]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="419 - 437" refId="ref89360" refString="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. (2023 b) Sertularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME). Marine Biology Research, 19 (8 - 9), 419 - 437. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2023.2253823" type="journal article" year="2023">Gil &amp; Ramil, 2023b: 421422</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 2A, B.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44D4652FFFD4F241FF76FB55FD0F0F7B" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFD4F241FF76FB55FD0F0F7B" blockId="47.[151,1437,1271,1694]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFD4F241FF76FB55FE510F5F" bold="true" box="[151,385,1271,1297]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Material examined.</emphasis>
BISSAU-0810, stn BS192, 10º19'30&quot;
<geoCoordinate id="69FA5063FFD4F241FCDBFB55FC6D0F5C" box="[826,957,1271,1298]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" precision="15" seconds="15" value="10.3375">10º20'15&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 16º10'27&quot;
<geoCoordinate id="69FA5063FFD4F241FBA2FB55FB1B0F5C" box="[1091,1227,1271,1298]" degrees="16" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-16.183054">16º10'59&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CB369B41FFD4F241FB36FB55FAC20F5C" box="[1239,1298,1271,1298]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="24.0">24 m</quantity>
,
<date id="78701064FFD4F241FAFFFB55FA490F5F" box="[1310,1433,1271,1297]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2008-11-03">3-XI-2008</date>
: one colony without gonothecae; substrate unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44D4652FFFD4F241FF26FA9DFDCC0FEC" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFD4F241FF26FA9DFDCC0FEC" blockId="47.[151,1437,1271,1694]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFD4F241FF26FA9DFEEB0F17" bold="true" box="[199,315,1343,1369]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFD4F241FEA0FA9DFD800F17" authorityName="Vervoort" authorityYear="1959" box="[321,592,1343,1369]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertularellidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulitheca">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFD4F241FEA0FA9DFD800F17" box="[321,592,1343,1369]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sertularella undulitheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily identifiable due to the morphology of its hydrothecae. Our material agrees with that described by
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFD4F241FE02FAC1FD1D0F33" author="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F." box="[483,717,1379,1405]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="419 - 437" refId="ref89360" refString="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. (2023 b) Sertularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME). Marine Biology Research, 19 (8 - 9), 419 - 437. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2023.2253823" type="journal article" year="2023">Gil &amp; Ramil (2023b)</bibRefCitation>
and represents the first record of this species for
<collectingCountry id="74D97634FFD4F241FB11FAC1FA490F33" box="[1264,1433,1379,1405]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Guinea-Bissau</collectingCountry>
. No further discussion is necessary.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44D4652FFFD4F241FF26FA09FBE10C43" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFD4F241FF26FA09FBE10C43" blockId="47.[151,1437,1271,1694]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFD4F241FF26FA09FEF70F8B" bold="true" box="[199,295,1451,1477]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Biology.</emphasis>
This species has been found growing on stones and on
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFD4F241FC6FFA09FAB90F8B" authority="Gil &amp; Ramil, 2021" authorityName="Gil &amp; Ramil" authorityYear="2021" box="[910,1385,1451,1477]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Aglaopheniidae" genus="Aglaophenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="willasseni">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFD4F241FC6FFA09FB430F8B" box="[910,1171,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Aglaophenia willasseni</emphasis>
Gil &amp; Ramil, 2021
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFD4F241FA96FA09FE9C0FA7" author="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F." pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="419 - 437" refId="ref89360" refString="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. (2023 b) Sertularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME). Marine Biology Research, 19 (8 - 9), 419 - 437. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2023.2253823" type="journal article" year="2023">Gil &amp; Ramil 2023b</bibRefCitation>
). In the northern hemisphere, fertile material has been found in January (
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFD4F241FB65FA6DFAFC0FA4" author="Vervoort, W." box="[1156,1324,1487,1514]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="211 - 325" refId="ref96151" refString="Vervoort, W. (1959) The Hydroida of the tropical west coast of Africa. Scientific Results of the Danish Expedition to the Coasts of Tropical West Africa, 1945 - 1946, 5, 211 - 325." type="journal article" year="1959">Vervoort 1959</bibRefCitation>
), while in the southern hemisphere, gonothecae were observed in June (
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFD4F241FCA7FA51FBF50C43" author="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F." box="[838,1061,1523,1549]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="419 - 437" refId="ref89360" refString="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. (2023 b) Sertularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME). Marine Biology Research, 19 (8 - 9), 419 - 437. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2023.2253823" type="journal article" year="2023">Gil &amp; Ramil 2023b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44D4652FFFD4F241FF26F9B5FD6E0CD0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0C7136A4FFD4F241FF26F9B5FD8D0C37" blockId="47.[151,1437,1271,1694]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFD4F241FF26F9B5FEB10C7F" bold="true" box="[199,353,1559,1585]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CBCE4D27FFD4F241FE89F9B5FDA70C7F" authorityName="Vervoort" authorityYear="1959" box="[360,631,1559,1585]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertularellidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulitheca">
<emphasis id="3EBAEAB6FFD4F241FE89F9B5FDA70C7F" box="[360,631,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sertularella undulitheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded from
<collectingCountry id="74D97634FFD4F241FC6CF9B5FBE50C7F" box="[909,1077,1559,1585]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Guinea-Bissau</collectingCountry>
, the
<collectingCountry id="74D97634FFD4F241FB8BF9B5FA980C7F" box="[1130,1352,1559,1585]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Republic of Guinea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="74D97634FFD4F241FAB2F9B5FA4C0C7F" box="[1363,1436,1559,1585]" name="Ghana" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ghana</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFD4F241FF7FF999FE950C18" author="Vervoort, W." box="[158,325,1595,1622]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="211 - 325" refId="ref96151" refString="Vervoort, W. (1959) The Hydroida of the tropical west coast of Africa. Scientific Results of the Danish Expedition to the Coasts of Tropical West Africa, 1945 - 1946, 5, 211 - 325." type="journal article" year="1959">Vervoort 1959</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="74D97634FFD4F241FEB9F999FD8D0C1B" box="[344,605,1595,1622]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sao Tome and Principe</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="74D97634FFD4F241FD76F999FD320C1B" box="[663,738,1595,1621]" name="Gabon" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Gabon</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFD4F241FD11F999FC1E0C1B" author="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F." box="[752,974,1595,1621]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="419 - 437" refId="ref89360" refString="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. (2023 b) Sertularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME). Marine Biology Research, 19 (8 - 9), 419 - 437. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2023.2253823" type="journal article" year="2023">Gil &amp; Ramil 2023b</bibRefCitation>
). Its bathymetric distribution ranges from
<quantity id="CB369B41FFD4F241FF76F9FDFECE0C34" box="[151,286,1631,1658]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.885" metricValueMax="3.59" metricValueMin="0.18" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="188.5" valueMax="359.0" valueMin="18.0">18 to 359 m</quantity>
depth (
<bibRefCitation id="685F4B55FFD4F241FE93F9FDFD810C37" author="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F." box="[370,593,1631,1657]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="419 - 437" refId="ref89360" refString="Gil, M. &amp; Ramil, F. (2023 b) Sertularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME). Marine Biology Research, 19 (8 - 9), 419 - 437. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2023.2253823" type="journal article" year="2023">Gil &amp; Ramil 2023b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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Our colony was collected at a depth of
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<quantity id="CB369B41FFD4F241FD9FF921FD6A0CD0" box="[638,698,1667,1694]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="24.0">24 m</quantity>
.
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