271 lines
32 KiB
XML
271 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="5DE87B9026148DF373B69DAB11207C9B" ID-CLB-Dataset="21486" ID-DOI="10.3161/150811013X678955" ID-GBIF-Dataset="69c434f8-762e-4e43-bc29-d0da90994625" ID-ISSN="1733-5329" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3943563" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1594705346288" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bates, Paul J. J., Cameron, Kenneth, Pearch, Malcolm J. & Hayes, Benjamin" docDate="2013" docId="837C87DBFF9DC070FC5FFB6EFA89FDC1" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaChiropterologica.15.2.313-340.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Acta Chiropterologica 15 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:A870862413AAF9DEC7D3C2B4FC7FB2AC.1:ActaChiropterol.2008-2015.journal_article" docStyleId="A870862413AAF9DEC7D3C2B4FC7FB2AC" docStyleName="ActaChiropterol.2008-2015.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Triaenops afer Peters 1877" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="322" masterDocId="7F45FFA3FF94C07AFF9CFFFFFFC9FFC4" masterDocTitle="A review of the bats (Chiroptera) of the Republic of Congo, including eight species new to the country" masterLastPageNumber="340" masterPageNumber="313" pageNumber="321" updateTime="1698843371229" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="5485C2664BB16BBEDDC36AF943F8B46A">A review of the bats (Chiroptera) of the Republic of Congo, including eight species new to the country</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0B6181ED0A8CDB6C1CF73FD918823A46" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C3666E9E1C0B1C6E142B12C2DC8CCFF5">Bates, Paul J. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AB3C1D4C61C9D9142EFB607A323D7E8E">Harrison Institute, Centre for Systematics and Biodiversity Research, Bowerwood House, St Botolph’s Road, Sevenoaks, Kent, TN 13 3 AQ, United Kingdom & Corresponding author: E-mail: pjjbates 2 @ hotmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="83FFDE88CB5CBCDA3D43137F80CEBFE4" type="email">pjjbates2@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="42370FB6EA817EC62701C07E145B464C">Cameron, Kenneth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="949727EC80D86D72121E9BF4E3D99697">Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, New York 10460, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="58DAED37CD2E9648ECD8771EE467A015">Pearch, Malcolm J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B5AA07BC457C4D3AD859A6FD3D364736">Harrison Institute, Centre for Systematics and Biodiversity Research, Bowerwood House, St Botolph’s Road, Sevenoaks, Kent, TN 13 3 AQ, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="060639AA2A5ACCE436008E1AB1CF0EAC">Hayes, Benjamin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D50E73766E0927BFE81C5C3EB71E1167">Monadh, Inveruglas, Kingussie, Inverness-shire, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9544AAEAD59CD1659C6E39650CEF26F4">Acta Chiropterologica</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A203BF256EDFE2741DCA952B4FF068D8">
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<mods:date id="8A248DD68BCABDA988D77D5DF0005B0D">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3810D71F78BD82FBC39020CFEAB0134A">2013-12-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0B111A1FCB830357CB8D5C821FDC0EA6">15</mods:number>
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<treatment id="837C87DBFF9DC070FC5FFB6EFA89FDC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4332332" ID-GBIF-Taxon="165088896" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4332332" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:837C87DBFF9DC070FC5FFB6EFA89FDC1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/837C87DBFF9DC070FC5FFB6EFA89FDC1" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="322" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">
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<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF9DC073FC5FFB6EFACBFB6F" box="[963,1282,1169,1195]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="502281A1FF9DC073FC5FFB6EFACBFB6F" box="[963,1282,1169,1195]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF9DC073FC5FFB6EFACBFB6F" authority="Peters 1877" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1877" box="[963,1282,1169,1195]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Triaenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">
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<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9DC073FC5FFB6EFBA6FB6F" box="[963,1135,1169,1195]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">Triaenops afer</emphasis>
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Peters 1877
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF9DC073FC69FB4CFB19FB09" box="[1013,1232,1203,1229]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF9DC073FC69FB4CFB19FB09" blockId="9.[816,1430,1169,1343]" box="[1013,1232,1203,1229]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">African trident bat</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF9DC073FCACFB2CFAFDFB2C" box="[816,1332,1235,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF9DC073FCACFB2CFAFDFB2C" blockId="9.[816,1430,1169,1343]" box="[816,1332,1235,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="2BC511E3FF9DC073FCACFB2CFAF8FB2C" box="[816,1329,1235,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">
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<treatmentCitation id="8A7410DCFF9DC073FCACFB2CFBB9FB2C" box="[816,1136,1235,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">
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<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF9DC073FCACFB2CFBB9FB2C" authority="Peters, 1877: 913" authorityName="Peters" authorityPageNumber="913" authorityYear="1877" box="[816,1136,1235,1256]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Triaenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">
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<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9DC073FCACFB2CFC77FB2C" box="[816,958,1235,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">Triaenops afer</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF9DC073FC58FB2CFBB9FB2C" box="[964,1136,1235,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">Peters, 1877: 913</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<collectingRegion id="C911F82FFF9DC073FBE6FB2CFB2DFB2C" box="[1146,1252,1235,1256]" country="Kenya" name="Mombasa" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">Mombassa</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="73C2765DFF9DC073FB73FB2CFAF8FB2C" box="[1263,1329,1235,1256]" name="Kenya" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF9DC073FCACFB0FFC64FAFB" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF9DC073FCACFB0FFC64FAFB" blockId="9.[816,1430,1169,1343]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="2BC511E3FF9DC073FCACFB0FFC64FAFB" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">
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<treatmentCitation id="8A7410DCFF9DC073FCACFB0FFCB4FAE6" author="AELLEN, V. & A. BROSSET" page="450" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" year="1968">
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<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF9DC073FCACFB0FFCB4FAE6" authority="Aellen and Brosset, 1968: 450" authorityName="Aellen and Brosset" authorityPageNumber="450" authorityYear="1968" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Triaenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="persicus" subSpecies="majusculus">
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<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9DC073FCACFB0FFBA6FAC1" box="[816,1135,1264,1285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">Triaenops persicus majusculus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF9DC073FBE1FB0FFCB4FAE6" author="Aellen and Brosset" firstAuthor="Aellen" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" pagination="435 - 458" refId="ref12825" refString="AELLEN, V., and A. BROSSET. 1968. Chiropteres du sud du Congo (Brazzaville). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 75: 435 - 458." type="journal article" year="1968">Aellen and Brosset, 1968: 450</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Grotte de Doumboula, Loudima,
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<collectingCountry id="73C2765DFF9DC073FB6AFAF2FAF0FAE6" box="[1270,1337,1293,1314]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">Congo</collectingCountry>
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,
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,
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF9DC073FCACFA95FC19FA40" blockId="9.[816,1429,1386,1480]" box="[816,976,1386,1412]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">
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<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9DC073FCACFA95FC19FA40" box="[816,976,1386,1412]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">New material</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<specimenCode id="5B739EB6FF9DC073FCCAFA73FBD1FA62" box="[854,1048,1420,1446]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">HZM.39.40178</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCount id="1DD3FD44FF9DC073FBACFA73FB80FA62" box="[1072,1097,1420,1446]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingDate id="6F2FE9E5FF9DC073FBFFFA73FAEAFA62" box="[1123,1315,1420,1446]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">
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<date id="7F6B100DFF9DC073FBFFFA73FB02FA62" box="[1123,1227,1420,1446]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" value="1929-07">29 July</date>
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, 2012
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</collectingDate>
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,
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<location id="0E0A6016FF9DC073FAA7FA73FCB8FA0C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:837C87DBFF9DC070FC5FFB6EFA89FDC1:0E0A6016FF9DC073FAA7FA73FCB8FA0C" latitude="-2.7620666" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="13.58255" name="Airport Road" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" stateProvince="Lekoumou">Airport Road</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="C911F82FFF9DC073FCE3FA51FBC8FA0C" box="[895,1025,1454,1480]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">Lekoumou</collectingRegion>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="6EE1500AFF9DC073FB93FA51FB5EFA0C" box="[1039,1175,1454,1480]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="45.724" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" precision="1" value="-2.7620666">2°45.724’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="6EE1500AFF9DC073FB39FA51FAF7FA0C" box="[1189,1342,1454,1480]" degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="34.953" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" precision="1" value="13.58255">13°34.953’E</geoCoordinate>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="BBBD3C90FF9DC070FAD0FA51FE07FEFD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2813185304" collectingDate="30 July, 2012" collectingDateMax="3 August, 2012" collectingDateMin="30 July, 2012" collectionCode="HZM" collectorName="Previous & Appendix I" county="Lekoumou" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="322" latitude="-2.7007499" location="Lebayi Cave" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="13.599466" municipality="Lebayi Cave" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" specimenCode="HZM. 40.40179, HZM.41.40180" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
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<specimenCode id="5B739EB6FF9DC070FAD0FA51FED9FF32" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="322" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">HZM. 40.40179</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCount id="1DD3FD44FF9EC070FE82FF23FEFDFF32" box="[286,308,220,246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCode id="5B739EB6FF9EC070FEEEFF23FDE5FF32" box="[370,556,220,246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">HZM.41.40180</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCount id="1DD3FD44FF9EC070FDA6FF23FD99FF32" box="[570,592,220,246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingDate id="6F2FE9E5FF9EC070FDFDFF23FCCAFF32" box="[609,771,220,246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">
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<date id="7F6B100DFF9EC070FDFDFF23FD73FF32" box="[609,698,220,246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" value="1930-07">30 July</date>
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, 2012
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</collectingDate>
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and
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<collectingDate id="6F2FE9E5FF9EC070FF40FF01FE60FEDC" box="[220,425,254,280]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">
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<date id="7F6B100DFF9EC070FF40FF01FE9DFEDC" box="[220,340,254,280]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">3 August</date>
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, 2012
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</collectingDate>
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,
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<location id="0E0A6016FF9EC070FE5CFF01FDACFEDC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:837C87DBFF9DC070FC5FFB6EFA89FDC1:0E0A6016FF9EC070FE5CFF01FDACFEDC" box="[448,613,254,280]" county="Lekoumou" latitude="-2.7007499" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="13.599466" municipality="Lebayi Cave" name="Lebayi Cave" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">Lebayi Cave</location>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="E20B4E41FF9EC070FDE7FF01FD36FEDC" box="[635,767,254,280]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">Lekoumou</collectingCounty>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="6EE1500AFF9EC070FF03FEE0FEEFFEFD" box="[159,294,287,313]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="42.045" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" precision="1" value="-2.7007499">2°42.045’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="6EE1500AFF9EC070FEADFEE0FE02FEFD" box="[305,459,287,313]" degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="35.968" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" precision="1" value="13.599466">13°35.968’E</geoCoordinate>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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<collectorName id="A620531BFF9EC070FE49FEE0FDF5FEFD" box="[469,572,287,313]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">Previous</collectorName>
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records included in
|
||
<figureCitation id="93EE2A48FF9EC070FF23FEBEFE80FE9F" box="[191,329,321,347]" captionStart="APPENDIX" captionStartId="21.[99,120,486,512]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="APPENDIX I A list of the forty-three bat species currently recorded from Congo, including citations in the literature and locality data. CS (Conservation status – NT: Near threatened; DD: Data deficient; LC: Least concern) is based on IUCN Red List of Threatened Species retrieved on 8 May, 2013. Two species listed here have not been assessed (na) by IUCN for their conservation status but rather have been included within other taxa: Triaenops afer in Triaenops persicus and Chaerephon leucogaster in Tadarida pumila. Superscripts associated with localities in column 4 refer to the superscripts for the literature cited in column 3" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943589/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<collectorName id="A620531BFF9EC070FF23FEBEFE80FE9F" box="[191,329,321,347]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">Appendix I</collectorName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
; the known distribution corresponds to localities 17, 19, 26, and
|
||
<quantity id="CC2D9B28FF9EC070FE7CFE9CFDD2FEB9" box="[480,539,355,381]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" unit="in" value="29.0">29 in</quantity>
|
||
<figureCitation id="93EE2A48FF9EC070FDBEFE9CFDAEFEB9" box="[546,615,355,381]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[159,172,1686,1707]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,221,1664]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[135,1537,218,1670]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 1. Localities from which bats have been collected in Congo based on the literature and current study (see Appendix I). Size of red dot is proportional in area to the number of species collected from that locality. Habitat types are based on Bergmans (1979). Localities (listed in Appendix III): (1) Pointe-Noire; (2) Hinda; (3) Loandjili; (4) Tchissanga; (5) Koubotchi; (6) Ménengué; (7) N’Gongo; (8) Dinguembo; (9) Béna; (10) Goumina; (11) Sounda, Gorge of; (12) Makaba; (13) Bouloungi; (14) Dimonika; (15) Mayombe; (16) Bamba, col du Mont; (17a–c) Loudima-Kimongo (includes Cave of Doumboula, Cave of Loudima, and Cave of Viaduc); (18a,b) Kila N’Tari and Mouyondzi; (19a–h) Bangou Massif (includes Bouaboumpono, Cave of Kimanika, Cave of Matouridi, Meya / Cave of Meya-Nzouari, Cave of Meya-Nwadi, Mountembessa, Cave of Mpasa, and Cave of Mpoka); (20) Voka; (21) Kinkala; (22) Ile M’Bamou; (23) La Région du Pool (Stanley Pool); (24) Brazzaville; (25) Grand Bois; (26) Sibiti; (27) Komono; (28) Divenié; (29) Lekoumou; (30) Lesio-Louna Reserve; (31) Ngabé; (32) Plateau Konkouya; (33) Lékana; (34) Djambala; (35) Ewo; (36) Konda; (37) Ubangi (Oubangi); (38) Mouth of Ubangi River; (39) Kellé; (40) Odzala/Odzala National Park; (41) Kango; (42) Impfondo; (43) Epena. Scale as marked. C.A.R.= Central African Republic; D.R. Congo = Democratic Republic of Congo" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943565/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
. This species is considered by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF9EC070FEFAFE7BFD09FE5A" author="Happold and Happold" box="[358,704,388,414]" firstAuthor="Happold" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" refId="ref13898" refString="HAPPOLD, M., and D. C. D. HAPPOLD (eds.). 2013. Mammals of Africa Volume IV: Hedgehogs, shrews, and bats. Bloomsbury Publishing, London, 800 pp." type="book" year="2013">Happold and Happold (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to be very common in some areas of Africa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="5FAA6645FF9DC073FCACF868FB36F821" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943575" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3943575" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943575/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" startId="9.[816,829,1943,1964]" targetBox="[830,1413,1541,1922]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF9DC073FCACF868FB36F821" blockId="9.[816,1429,1943,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">
|
||
FIG. 6. Bacula (dorsal view [left] and lateral view [right]) of (A):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF9DC073FCACF84BFC39F80D" baseAuthorityName="Noack" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[816,1008,1972,1993]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ruber">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9DC073FCACF84BFC39F80D" box="[816,1008,1972,1993]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">Hipposideros ruber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, HZM.78.40176 and (B):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF9DC073FB62F84BFA46F80D" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1877" box="[1278,1423,1972,1993]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Triaenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9DC073FB62F84BFA46F80D" box="[1278,1423,1972,1993]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="321">Triaenops afer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, HZM.39.40178. Scale =
|
||
<quantity id="CC2D9B28FF9DC073FB2AF82FFB36F821" box="[1206,1279,2000,2021]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="321" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF9EC070FF03FE16FE2EFB47" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF9EC070FF03FE16FEE3FDC7" blockId="10.[159,772,489,1155]" box="[159,298,489,515]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9EC070FF03FE16FEE3FDC7" box="[159,298,489,515]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF9EC070FF59FDF4FE2EFB47" blockId="10.[159,772,489,1155]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">
|
||
A medium-small species with a forearm length of
|
||
<quantity id="CC2D9B28FF9EC070FF03FDD2FE84FD83" box="[159,333,557,583]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.595" metricValueMax="5.75" metricValueMin="5.4399999999999995" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="55.95" valueMax="57.5" valueMin="54.4">54.4–57.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="46570376FF9EC070FEC3FDD2FE74FD83" box="[351,445,557,583]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="7.[159,172,220,241]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. External measurements (mm) and bacular length (mm) of 14 bat species recently collected at Lekoumou, Congo.Acronyms explained in the Materials and Methods section include means, ranges, and, where relevant, standard deviations. Numbers in parentheses refer to sample size where they differ from those stated in column 2" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5FAA6645FF93C07DFF03FF23FC6EFEEE" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" tableUuid="5FAA6645FF93C07DFF03FF23FC6EFEEE">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). The face is characterised by a distinctive noseleaf, which includes three vertical processes projecting from the upper part and a fourth smaller vertical process situated at the base of the middle upper process (for further details of the noseleaf morphology see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF9EC070FE6FFD2AFD36FD2B" author="Monadjem" box="[499,767,725,751]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Monadjem" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" refId="ref14301" refString="MONADJEM, A., P. J. TAYLOR, F. P. D. COTTERILL, and M. C. SCHOEMAN. 2010. Bats of Central and Southern Africa: a biogeographic and taxonomic synthesis. WITS University Press, Johannesburg, 596 pp." type="book" year="2010">
|
||
Monadjem
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9EC070FDE5FD2AFD62FD2B" box="[633,683,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Figure 93a and b). The second phalanx of the fourth digit is unique in possessing a transverse spicule of bone, which projects from the outer side of its base for a distance of
|
||
<quantity id="CC2D9B28FF9EC070FEEFFCA3FDC4FCB2" box="[371,525,860,886]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5 to 3 mm</quantity>
|
||
into the membrane. The skull (SL: 18.73–20.12) is narrow and elongated with a well developed rostrum. The zygomata are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF9EC070FF55FC3FFF27FC1E" box="[201,238,960,986]" class="Not" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="10" pageNumber="340" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="class">not</taxonomicName>
|
||
outwardly flared but are very greatly expanded dorsally. In the upper dentition, the third molar (M
|
||
<superScript id="FCA09B85FF9EC070FF5FFC00FF04FBD5" attach="left" box="[195,205,1023,1041]" fontSize="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">3</superScript>
|
||
) is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF9EC070FF61FBFBFEEBFBDA" box="[253,290,1028,1054]" class="Not" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="10" pageNumber="340" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="class">not</taxonomicName>
|
||
reduced, having three commissures and a well developed metacone. The baculum is short (
|
||
<quantity id="CC2D9B28FF9EC070FF34FBB8FECEFBA5" box="[168,263,1095,1121]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
); it has a straight shaft with an expanded tip and bilobate base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93EE2A48FF9EC070FEE1FB96FE10FB47" box="[381,473,1129,1155]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[816,829,1943,1964]" captionTargetBox="[830,1413,1541,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[816,1430,1523,1932]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 6. Bacula (dorsal view [left] and lateral view [right]) of (A): Hipposideros ruber, HZM.78.40176 and (B): Triaenops afer, HZM.39.40178. Scale = 0.5 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943575" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943575/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF9EC070FF03FB53FA89FDC1" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF9EC070FF03FB53FEADFB02" blockId="10.[159,772,1196,1458]" box="[159,356,1196,1222]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9EC070FF03FB53FEADFB02" box="[159,356,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">Taxonomic notes</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF9EC070FF59FB31FA89FDC1" blockId="10.[159,772,1196,1458]" lastBlockId="10.[816,1429,220,517]" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">
|
||
The taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF9EC070FEDEFB31FEB8FB2C" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1877" box="[322,369,1230,1256]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Triaenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9EC070FEDEFB31FEB8FB2C" box="[322,369,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">afer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is variably treated as a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF9EC070FF58FB10FE81FACD" authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1871" box="[196,328,1263,1289]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Triaenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="persicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9EC070FF58FB10FE81FACD" box="[196,328,1263,1289]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">T. persicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF9EC070FEC0FB10FDD6FACD" author="Simmons" box="[348,543,1263,1289]" firstAuthor="Simmons" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" refId="ref14567" refString="SIMMONS, N. B. 2005. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 312 - 529, in Mammals species of the World (D. E. WILSON and D. M. REEDER, eds). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2142 pp." type="book" year="2005">Simmons, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF9EC070FDACFB10FF17FAEF" author="Monadjem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Monadjem" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" refId="ref14301" refString="MONADJEM, A., P. J. TAYLOR, F. P. D. COTTERILL, and M. C. SCHOEMAN. 2010. Bats of Central and Southern Africa: a biogeographic and taxonomic synthesis. WITS University Press, Johannesburg, 596 pp." type="book" year="2010">
|
||
Monadjem
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9EC070FD20FB10FD3CFACD" box="[700,757,1263,1289]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or as a distinct species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF9EC070FDC5FAEEFE9BFA89" author="Happold and Happold" firstAuthor="Happold" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" refId="ref13898" refString="HAPPOLD, M., and D. C. D. HAPPOLD (eds.). 2013. Mammals of Africa Volume IV: Hedgehogs, shrews, and bats. Bloomsbury Publishing, London, 800 pp." type="book" year="2013">Happold and Happold, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF9EC070FEFAFACCFDB4FA89" author="Benda and Vallo" box="[358,637,1331,1357]" firstAuthor="Benda" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref13068" refString="BENDA, P., and P. VALLO. 2009. Taxonomic revision of the genus Triaenops (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) with description of a new species from southern Arabia and definitions of a new genus and tribe. Folia Zoologica, 58 (Monograph 1): 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="2009">Benda and Vallo (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered it to be a discrete species confined to Africa based on differences in the skull, baculum and Cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9EC070FE94FA67FEDEFA76" box="[264,279,1432,1458]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">b</emphasis>
|
||
. Specimens previously collected from southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="73C2765DFF9EC070FC01FF23FC22FF32" box="[925,1003,220,246]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
were described as a new subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9EC070FCACFF01FC7DFEDC" box="[816,948,254,280]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">majusculus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF9EC070FC26FF01FB2AFEDC" author="Aellen and Brosset" box="[954,1251,254,280]" firstAuthor="Aellen" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" pagination="435 - 458" refId="ref12825" refString="AELLEN, V., and A. BROSSET. 1968. Chiropteres du sud du Congo (Brazzaville). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 75: 435 - 458." type="journal article" year="1968">Aellen and Brosset, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on the basis of their large size;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF9EC070FC6EFEDFFB62FEFE" author="Cotterill" box="[1010,1195,288,314]" firstAuthor="Cotterill" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" pagination="187 - 198" refId="ref13656" refString="COTTERILL, F. P. D. 2001. New distribution records of leaf-nosed bats (Microchiroptera: Hipposideridae) in Zimbabwe. Arnoldia Zimbabwe, 10: 187 - 198." type="journal article" year="2001">Cotterill (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9EC070FAFBFEDFFC59FE98" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">majusculus</emphasis>
|
||
may prove to be a distinct species but this is contrary to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF9EC070FC4BFE9CFB3CFEB9" author="Benda and Vallo" box="[983,1269,355,381]" firstAuthor="Benda" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref13068" refString="BENDA, P., and P. VALLO. 2009. Taxonomic revision of the genus Triaenops (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) with description of a new species from southern Arabia and definitions of a new genus and tribe. Folia Zoologica, 58 (Monograph 1): 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="2009">Benda and Vallo (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who considered even its subspecific status to be questionable. The three specimens from Lekoumou are referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF9EC070FCCFFE36FBFDFE27" authorityName="Aellen & Brosset" authorityYear="1968" box="[851,1076,457,483]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Triaenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="322" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="afer" subSpecies="majusculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF9EC070FCCFFE36FBFDFE27" box="[851,1076,457,483]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">T. afer majusculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being comparable in size to specimens previously collected from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="73C2765DFF9EC070FB76FE14FAF5FDC1" box="[1258,1340,491,517]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="10" pageNumber="322">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |