201 lines
26 KiB
XML
201 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="FF3374EDFF959DF4F538B9C901592EAC" ID-CLB-Dataset="21486" ID-DOI="10.3161/150811013X678955" ID-GBIF-Dataset="69c434f8-762e-4e43-bc29-d0da90994625" ID-ISSN="1733-5329" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3943563" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1594705346288" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bates, Paul J. J., Cameron, Kenneth, Pearch, Malcolm J. & Hayes, Benjamin" docDate="2013" docId="837C87DBFF99C077FF63FE9CFD39F884" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaChiropterologica.15.2.313-340.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Acta Chiropterologica 15 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:A870862413AAF9DEC7D3C2B4FC7FB2AC.1:ActaChiropterol.2008-2015.journal_article" docStyleId="A870862413AAF9DEC7D3C2B4FC7FB2AC" docStyleName="ActaChiropterol.2008-2015.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Hypsugo crassulus" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="325" masterDocId="7F45FFA3FF94C07AFF9CFFFFFFC9FFC4" masterDocTitle="A review of the bats (Chiroptera) of the Republic of Congo, including eight species new to the country" masterLastPageNumber="340" masterPageNumber="313" pageNumber="325" updateTime="1698843371229" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="C54206CF6C987A15D4E13D9382C1D892">A review of the bats (Chiroptera) of the Republic of Congo, including eight species new to the country</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E36AF4E9DA4C3E4E9D017956AF991F91" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D6DA3E9E0C92099066411FEC2687FEE7">Bates, Paul J. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="80DB4DE1E2C0DA5FC74CCFF04E942198">Harrison Institute, Centre for Systematics and Biodiversity Research, Bowerwood House, St Botolph’s Road, Sevenoaks, Kent, TN 13 3 AQ, United Kingdom & Corresponding author: E-mail: pjjbates 2 @ hotmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="75B2C74B36075854CFDC91F20DF3FE0F" type="email">pjjbates2@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E624A36407A2B064D8E5787CA55B2F4F">Cameron, Kenneth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2B85A6D820F9359E0EDAE62A6E90BE78">Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, New York 10460, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3D2F5565CC7ADBBDC002045F712B80FC">Pearch, Malcolm J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3DADC1580B39F16AA2702B23C02C7B89">Harrison Institute, Centre for Systematics and Biodiversity Research, Bowerwood House, St Botolph’s Road, Sevenoaks, Kent, TN 13 3 AQ, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3E54DB05784C638A29A65DA8E2F75CB4">Hayes, Benjamin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0C81991FA01DB8121B1A9B420A0EC838">Monadh, Inveruglas, Kingussie, Inverness-shire, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A349F6277D7DAD6751B2D8B9D9005D7A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="FF035F3FDF502F9A09B4605724E18DFE">Acta Chiropterologica</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C52305D3D0367C2A5B9A98C0E5EED51C">
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<mods:date id="7183FC91C0112A61F6BDF2E472C74526">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B4B90BF5952C3DBABC855EA45499B42A">2013-12-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A6AD0FA8657369F31A2A35D9E71C2EC2">15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9E136FF34DEAF6D86F5D3D5933896B58">2</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="03EF7D71BB1580E4D57DB9650DCED073" type="CLB-Dataset">21486</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6215A2867805F323C165589ACCC7A959" type="ISSN">1733-5329</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="837C87DBFF99C077FF63FE9CFD39F884" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4332326" ID-GBIF-Taxon="165088905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4332326" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:837C87DBFF99C077FF63FE9CFD39F884" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/837C87DBFF99C077FF63FE9CFD39F884" lastPageNumber="325" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
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<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF99C077FF63FE9CFD6BFEB9" box="[255,674,355,381]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF99C077FF63FE9CFD6BFEB9" blockId="13.[159,771,355,470]" box="[255,674,355,381]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
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<heading id="502281A1FF99C077FF63FE9CFD6BFEB9" box="[255,674,355,381]" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
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<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF99C077FF63FE9CFD6BFEB9" ID-CoL="8LCNH" authority="(Thomas, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[255,674,355,381]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassulus">
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<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF99C077FF63FE9CFE16FEB9" box="[255,479,355,381]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Hypsugo crassulus</emphasis>
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(Thomas, 1904)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF99C077FEDCFE7AFDABFE5B" box="[320,610,389,415]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF99C077FEDCFE7AFDABFE5B" blockId="13.[159,771,355,470]" box="[320,610,389,415]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Broad-headed pipistrelle</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF99C077FF03FE5AFE9DFE12" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="2BC511E3FF99C077FF03FE5AFE99FE12" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
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<treatmentCitation id="8A7410DCFF99C077FF03FE5AFDF2FE7E" box="[159,571,421,442]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
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<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF99C077FF03FE5AFDF2FE7E" ID-CoL="8LFVK" authority="Thomas, 1904: 206" authorityName="Thomas" authorityPageNumber="206" authorityYear="1904" box="[159,571,421,442]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassulus">
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<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF99C077FF03FE5AFEB9FE7E" box="[159,368,421,442]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Pipistrellus crassulus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF99C077FEE4FE5AFDF2FE7E" box="[376,571,421,442]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Thomas, 1904: 206</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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; Efulen,
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<collectingCountry id="73C2765DFF99C077FD0AFE5AFCCAFE7E" box="[662,771,421,442]" name="Cameroon" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Cameroons</collectingCountry>
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(=
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<collectingCountry id="73C2765DFF99C077FF7DFE3EFE83FE12" box="[225,330,449,470]" name="Cameroon" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF99C077FF03FDFEFDD9FD22" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF99C077FF03FDFEFEF7FDDF" blockId="13.[159,772,513,742]" box="[159,318,513,539]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
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<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF99C077FF03FDFEFEF7FDDF" box="[159,318,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">New material</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF99C077FF59FDDCFDD9FD22" blockId="13.[159,772,513,742]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
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<materialsCitation id="BBBD3C90FF99C077FF59FDDCFDA1FD9B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2813185309" collectingDate="4 August, 2012" collectionCode="HZM" latitude="-2.7627833" location="Lekoumou" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="13.606083" municipality="Forest Trails" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" specimenCode="HZM.1.40190" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
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<specimenCode id="5B739EB6FF99C077FF59FDDCFEA6FDF9" box="[197,367,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">HZM.1.40190</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCount id="1DD3FD44FF99C077FEE0FDDCFE5DFDF9" box="[380,404,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingDate id="6F2FE9E5FF99C077FE3EFDDCFD93FDF9" box="[418,602,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
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<date id="7F6B100DFF99C077FE3EFDDCFDD9FDF9" box="[418,528,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">4 August</date>
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, 2012
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||
</collectingDate>
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||
,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="EB0EACB7FF99C077FDFBFDDCFD37FDF9" box="[615,766,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Forest Trails</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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<location id="0E0A6016FF99C077FF03FDBAFEE8FD9B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:837C87DBFF99C077FF63FE9CFD39F884:0E0A6016FF99C077FF03FDBAFEE8FD9B" box="[159,289,581,607]" latitude="-2.7627833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="13.606083" municipality="Forest Trails" name="Lekoumou" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Lekoumou</location>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="6EE1500AFF99C077FEA8FDBAFE72FD9B" box="[308,443,581,607]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="45.767" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" precision="1" value="-2.7627833">2°45.767’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="6EE1500AFF99C077FE53FDBAFDA1FD9B" box="[463,616,581,607]" degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="36.365" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" precision="1" value="13.606083">13°36.365’E</geoCoordinate>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
. This is the first authenticated record for
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<collectingCountry id="73C2765DFF99C077FD9AFD98FD9DFD45" box="[518,596,615,641]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Congo</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="93EE2A48FF99C077FDFBFD98FD3DFD45" box="[615,756,615,641]" captionStart="APPENDIX" captionStartId="21.[99,120,486,512]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="APPENDIX I A list of the forty-three bat species currently recorded from Congo, including citations in the literature and locality data. CS (Conservation status – NT: Near threatened; DD: Data deficient; LC: Least concern) is based on IUCN Red List of Threatened Species retrieved on 8 May, 2013. Two species listed here have not been assessed (na) by IUCN for their conservation status but rather have been included within other taxa: Triaenops afer in Triaenops persicus and Chaerephon leucogaster in Tadarida pumila. Superscripts associated with localities in column 4 refer to the superscripts for the literature cited in column 3" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943589/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Appendix I</figureCitation>
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). According to
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<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF99C077FEA2FD77FD5EFD66" author="Happold and Happold" box="[318,663,648,674]" firstAuthor="Happold" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" refId="ref13898" refString="HAPPOLD, M., and D. C. D. HAPPOLD (eds.). 2013. Mammals of Africa Volume IV: Hedgehogs, shrews, and bats. Bloomsbury Publishing, London, 800 pp." type="book" year="2013">Happold and Happold (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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, this species is widely distributed but localised in Africa,
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<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF99C077FD42FD55FCCDFD00" box="[734,772,682,708]" class="Not" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="class">not</taxonomicName>
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uncommon in suitable habitats.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF99C077FF03FCF0FEE9F97D" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF99C077FF03FCF0FEE3FCED" blockId="13.[159,772,783,1721]" box="[159,298,783,809]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
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<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF99C077FF03FCF0FEE3FCED" box="[159,298,783,809]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF99C077FF59FCCEFEE9F97D" blockId="13.[159,772,783,1721]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
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A small, nondescript, species with a short forearm length of
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<quantity id="CC2D9B28FF99C077FED4FCACFE78FCA9" box="[328,433,851,877]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.67" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" unit="mm" value="26.7">26.7 mm</quantity>
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(
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<tableCitation id="46570376FF99C077FE5DFCACFDD4FCA9" box="[449,541,851,877]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="7.[159,172,220,241]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. External measurements (mm) and bacular length (mm) of 14 bat species recently collected at Lekoumou, Congo.Acronyms explained in the Materials and Methods section include means, ranges, and, where relevant, standard deviations. Numbers in parentheses refer to sample size where they differ from those stated in column 2" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5FAA6645FF93C07DFF03FF23FC6EFEEE" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" tableUuid="5FAA6645FF93C07DFF03FF23FC6EFEEE">Table 2</tableCitation>
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) but a robust body. The dorsal pelage, wing and interfemoral membranes are dark. The ventral pelage appears to be dark. In the ear, the tragus is tall and relatively narrow; the anterior border is straight, the posterior border is rounded and there is a well developed basal lobule (
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<figureCitation id="93EE2A48FF99C077FF67FBE1FE93FBFC" box="[251,346,1054,1080]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[159,172,1911,1932]" captionTargetBox="[287,1299,1270,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[211,1406,1263,1892]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 8. Right tragus of (A): Glauconycteris alboguttata, HZM.1.40172, ♀; (B): G. beatrix, HZM.1.40181, ♀; (C): Hypsugo crassulus, HZM.1.40190, ♂; (D): Neoromicia brunnea, HZM.1.40191, ♂; (E): N. nana, HZM.321.40186, ♂; (F): N. tenuipinnis, HZM.7.40170, ♀; (G): Pipistrellus nanulus, HZM.1.40189, ♂; (H): Mimetillus moloneyi, HZM.10.40177, ♂; (I): Miniopterus inflatus, HZM.19.40182, ♂. Scale = 2 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943579" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943579/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
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). The skull has a greatest length of
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<quantity id="CC2D9B28FF99C077FF03FBC0FED0FB9D" box="[159,281,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.38" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" unit="mm" value="13.8">13.80 mm</quantity>
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(
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<tableCitation id="46570376FF99C077FEB7FBC0FE41FB9D" box="[299,392,1087,1113]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="8.[99,112,725,746]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 3. Cranial and dental measurements (mm) of 14 bat species recently collected at Lekoumou, Congo.Acronyms explained in the Materials and Methods section include means, ranges, and, where relevant,standard deviations. Numbers in parentheses refer to sample size where they differ from those stated in column 2" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5FAA6645FF9CC072FFFFFD2AFAA7FCC7" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" tableUuid="5FAA6645FF9CC072FFFFFD2AFAA7FCC7">Table 3</tableCitation>
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). In lateral profile, the rostrum runs smoothly to the braincase with only the slightest indication of a concavity in the interorbital region; the braincase is relatively flat and is highest at its most posterior point (
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<figureCitation id="93EE2A48FF99C077FE55FB39FDF0FB24" box="[457,569,1222,1248]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[159,172,1911,1932]" captionTargetBox="[344,1217,713,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[304,1284,688,1902]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 10. Skulls of three small vespertilionids, including lateral view of right upper incisors and occlusal view of left mandibular dentition (left) and left maxillary dentition (right) of (A): Hypsugo crassulus, HZM.1.40190, ♂; (B): Mimetillus moloneyi, HZM.10.40177, ♂ and (C) Pipistrellus nanulus, HZM.1.40189, ♂. Scales for skulls and occlusal views of toothrows (left and right) = 2 mm; scale for upper incisors (centre) = 1 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943583/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
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). The first upper incisor (I
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<superScript id="FCA09B85FF99C077FE97FB1BFEDCFB32" attach="left" box="[267,277,1252,1270]" fontSize="8" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">2</superScript>
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) is tricuspid; the second (I
|
||
<superScript id="FCA09B85FF99C077FDCBFB1BFDA8FB32" attach="left" box="[599,609,1252,1270]" fontSize="8" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">3</superScript>
|
||
) is unicuspid but with a well developed cingulum, it attains half the height of I
|
||
<superScript id="FCA09B85FF99C077FED9FAD8FE86FAFD" attach="left" box="[325,335,1319,1337]" fontSize="8" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">2</superScript>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93EE2A48FF99C077FEFCFAD3FE07FA82" box="[352,462,1324,1350]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[159,172,1911,1932]" captionTargetBox="[344,1217,713,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[304,1284,688,1902]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 10. Skulls of three small vespertilionids, including lateral view of right upper incisors and occlusal view of left mandibular dentition (left) and left maxillary dentition (right) of (A): Hypsugo crassulus, HZM.1.40190, ♂; (B): Mimetillus moloneyi, HZM.10.40177, ♂ and (C) Pipistrellus nanulus, HZM.1.40189, ♂. Scales for skulls and occlusal views of toothrows (left and right) = 2 mm; scale for upper incisors (centre) = 1 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943583/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The first upper premolar (P
|
||
<superScript id="FCA09B85FF99C077FF25FAB6FF0AFA9F" attach="left" box="[185,195,1353,1371]" fontSize="8" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">2</superScript>
|
||
) is minute and displaced internally such that the canine and second premolar (P
|
||
<superScript id="FCA09B85FF99C077FD8DFA94FDD2FAB9" attach="left" box="[529,539,1387,1405]" fontSize="8" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">4</superScript>
|
||
) are nearly in contact (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93EE2A48FF99C077FF7CFA6EFE9CFA6F" box="[224,341,1425,1451]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[159,172,1911,1932]" captionTargetBox="[344,1217,713,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[304,1284,688,1902]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 10. Skulls of three small vespertilionids, including lateral view of right upper incisors and occlusal view of left mandibular dentition (left) and left maxillary dentition (right) of (A): Hypsugo crassulus, HZM.1.40190, ♂; (B): Mimetillus moloneyi, HZM.10.40177, ♂ and (C) Pipistrellus nanulus, HZM.1.40189, ♂. Scales for skulls and occlusal views of toothrows (left and right) = 2 mm; scale for upper incisors (centre) = 1 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943583/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The first lower premolar (P
|
||
<subScript id="97513488FF99C077FD51FA5FFD1EFA76" attach="left" box="[717,727,1440,1458]" fontSize="8" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">2</subScript>
|
||
) is between half and two-thirds the crown area and two-thirds the height of the second (P
|
||
<subScript id="97513488FF99C077FDFDFA1CFDA2FA31" attach="left" box="[609,619,1507,1525]" fontSize="8" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">4</subScript>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93EE2A48FF99C077FD1BFA2AFD3FFA2B" box="[647,758,1493,1519]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[159,172,1911,1932]" captionTargetBox="[344,1217,713,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[304,1284,688,1902]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 10. Skulls of three small vespertilionids, including lateral view of right upper incisors and occlusal view of left mandibular dentition (left) and left maxillary dentition (right) of (A): Hypsugo crassulus, HZM.1.40190, ♂; (B): Mimetillus moloneyi, HZM.10.40177, ♂ and (C) Pipistrellus nanulus, HZM.1.40189, ♂. Scales for skulls and occlusal views of toothrows (left and right) = 2 mm; scale for upper incisors (centre) = 1 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943583/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The baculum, which is
|
||
<quantity id="CC2D9B28FF99C077FE2CFA09FDC0F9D4" box="[432,521,1526,1552]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, has a long, thin, pointed shaft, which is curved when viewed laterally, and a bilobate base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93EE2A48FF99C077FDA1F9C5FD7EF990" box="[573,695,1594,1620]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[159,172,710,731]" captionTargetBox="[329,1234,229,686]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[313,1265,219,692]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 11. Bacula of four pipistrelles. (A): Hypsugo crassulus, HZM.1.40190; (B): Neoromicia brunnea, HZM.1.40191; (C): N. nana, HZM.321.40186; and (D): Pipistrellus nanulus, HZM.1.40189. Scale = 1 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943585" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943585/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
|
||
); this compares well with the baculum of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="D46E886FFF99C077FDE7F9A3FD2BF9B2" box="[635,738,1628,1654]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCD54D4EFF99C077FF03F982FEC7F953" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1904" box="[159,270,1661,1687]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF99C077FF03F982FEC7F953" box="[159,270,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">crassulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF99C077FE55F982FD36F953" author="Hill and Harrison" box="[457,767,1661,1687]" firstAuthor="Hill" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" pagination="225 - 305" refId="ref14024" refString="HILL, J. E., and D. L. HARRISON. 1987. The baculum in the Vespertilioninae (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) with a systematic review, a synopsis of Pipistrellus and Eptesicus, and the description of a new genus and subgenus. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 52: 225 - 305." type="journal article" year="1987">Hill and Harrison (1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="93EE2A48FF99C077FF03F960FEDBF97D" box="[159,274,1695,1721]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[159,172,1966,1987]" captionTargetBox="[364,1229,1530,1948]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[322,1290,1525,1958]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 7. Nycteris hispida, HZM.52.40188. (A): Anterior, left mandible; (B): left, upper incisors and canine; (C): right tragus; (D): baculum (dorsal view [left] and lateral view [right]). Scales for A, B, and D = 1 mm; scale for C = 2 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3943577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3943577/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Figure 7e</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="43CF6546FF99C077FF03F91CFD39F884" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF99C077FF03F91CFEADF939" blockId="13.[159,771,1763,1856]" box="[159,356,1763,1789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF99C077FF03F91CFEADF939" box="[159,356,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">Taxonomic notes</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B6A36CDFF99C077FF59F8FBFD39F884" blockId="13.[159,771,1763,1856]" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">
|
||
Currently there are no subspecies recognised (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF99C077FF3BF8D9FE4AF884" author="Heller" box="[167,387,1830,1856]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Heller" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref13986" refString="HELLER, K-G., M. VOLLETH, and D. KOCK. 1994. Notes on some vespertilionid bats from the Kivu region, central Africa. Senckenbergiana Biologica, 74: 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1994">
|
||
Heller
|
||
<emphasis id="39A1EADFFF99C077FF66F8D9FEFCF884" box="[250,309,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="325">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1994
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F444B3CFF99C077FE0CF8D9FD2AF884" author="Happold and Happold" box="[400,739,1830,1856]" firstAuthor="Happold" pageId="13" pageNumber="325" refId="ref13898" refString="HAPPOLD, M., and D. C. D. HAPPOLD (eds.). 2013. Mammals of Africa Volume IV: Hedgehogs, shrews, and bats. Bloomsbury Publishing, London, 800 pp." type="book" year="2013">Happold and Happold, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |