185 lines
23 KiB
XML
185 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="19FB7CECFDBBD064D3537611AD24AFF0">Revision of Archizelmira Rohdendorf, 1962 (Diptera, Archizelmiridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="95D63997E434424329161D9CC6669144">LUKASHEVICH, ELENA DMITRIEVNA</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="980BBA94747D00B555C29D6D1B9ADB1B">Palaeoentomology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CC7C2F385C372042DC0B29BA14262516">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="821F87D93F36FF9C85E3F9FEAF8BFAC8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6828750" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197516854" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6828750" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:821F87D93F36FF9C85E3F9FEAF8BFAC8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/821F87D93F36FF9C85E3F9FEAF8BFAC8" lastPageNumber="255" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" scope_family="Archizelmiridae" scope_order="Diptera">
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<subSubSection id="42AC65443F36FF9C85E3F9FEAB7AF91E" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0A0936CF3F36FF9C85E3F9FEA8B1F989" blockId="1.[136,680,1594,1621]" box="[136,680,1594,1621]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">
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<heading id="514181A33F36FF9C85E3F9FEA8B1F989" box="[136,680,1594,1621]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C85E3F9FEA8B1F989" bold="true" box="[136,680,1594,1621]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">
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Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C8463F9FEA8B1F989" authority="Rohdendorf, 1962" authorityName="Rohdendorf" authorityYear="1962" box="[264,680,1594,1621]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Archizelmirinae">
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Archizelmirinae
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<bibRefCitation id="6E274B3E3F36FF9C84BAF9FEA8B1F989" author="Rohdendorf, B. B." box="[465,680,1594,1621]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" pagination="444 - 502" refId="ref4344" refString="Rohdendorf, B. B. (1962). Order Diptera. In: Rohdendorf, B. B. (Ed.), Fundamentals of paleontology, volume 9, Arthropoda, Tracheata, Chelicerata. Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation, Washington, D. C., pp. 444 - 502 [In Russian, English translation 1991]" type="book chapter" year="1962">Rohdendorf, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A0936CF3F36FF9C85E3F947AB7AF91E" blockId="1.[136,778,1667,2093]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C85E3F947AB31F941" bold="true" box="[136,296,1667,1693]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Composition.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="BADE3C923F36FF9C8446F940AB46F91E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3862613303" location="Jurassic" municipality="Early Cretaceous of Asia" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="D50D886D3F36FF9C8446F940AB7CF942" box="[301,357,1668,1694]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Type</typeStatus>
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genus from the
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<location id="0F6960143F36FF9C877CF947A869F941" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:821F87D93F36FF9C85E3F9FEAF8BFAC8:0F6960143F36FF9C877CF947A869F941" box="[535,624,1667,1693]" municipality="Early Cretaceous of Asia" name="Jurassic" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Jurassic</location>
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and the
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<collectingMunicipality id="EA6DACB53F36FF9C87A6F947AB46F91E" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Early Cretaceous of Asia</collectingMunicipality>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="42AC65443F36FF9C85D6F908A882F847" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="0A0936CF3F36FF9C85D6F908A882F847" blockId="1.[136,778,1667,2093]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C85D6F908AB21F93A" bold="true" box="[189,312,1740,1766]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Flagellomeres not differentiated; cervical region not long.Wing with Sc incomplete, extremely short, extending to level of
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C8419F8D1ABB3F8F2" box="[370,426,1813,1838]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">m-cu</emphasis>
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; R
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<subScript id="9632348A3F36FF9C84A1F8E3ABCBF8E9" attach="left" box="[458,466,1831,1845]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">1</subScript>
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, long, extending far beyond M
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<subScript id="9632348A3F36FF9C85CAF88FAAA3F885" attach="left" box="[161,186,1867,1881]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">1+2</subScript>
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furcation; Rs base sloping backwards; R
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<subScript id="9632348A3F36FF9C87F9F88FA8B5F885" attach="left" box="[658,684,1867,1881]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">4+5</subScript>
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apically branched; basal part of M present as non-sclerotized fold; CuP thin, complete; anal lobe of moderate size.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="42AC65443F36FF9C85D6F862AF8BFAC8" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="0A0936CF3F36FF9C85D6F862AE04FEF8" blockId="1.[136,778,1667,2093]" lastBlockId="1.[810,1452,158,1301]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C85D6F862AB28F81C" bold="true" box="[189,305,1958,1984]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6E274B3E3F36FF9C842AF861A849F81C" author="Grimaldi, D. & Amorim, D. S. & Blagoderov, V." box="[321,592,1957,1984]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" pagination="368 - 381" refId="ref3746" refString="Grimaldi, D., Amorim, D. S. & Blagoderov, V. (2003) The Mesozoic family Archizelmiridae (Diptera: Insecta). Journal of Paleontology, 77 (2), 368 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 0022 - 3360 (2003) 077 <0368:" type="journal article" year="2003">
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Grimaldi
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C84DEF862ABF6F863" box="[437,495,1957,1983]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">et al</emphasis>
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. (2003)
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</bibRefCitation>
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considered the backwards slope of Rs and the very weak development of Sc as the apomorphic characters of
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<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C875FF82AA8DCF7D4" authorityName=": Rohdendorf" authorityYear="1962" box="[564,709,2030,2056]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" genus="Archizelmira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C875FF82AA8DCF7D4" box="[564,709,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Archizelmira</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Both characters occur in the new species described below, although the slope of Rs is rather slight. The
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<typeStatus id="D50D886D3F36FF9C805AFF5BAF78FF65" box="[1329,1377,159,185]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">type</typeStatus>
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genus
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<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C8641FF06A9A2FF00" authorityName=": Rohdendorf" authorityYear="1962" box="[810,955,194,220]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" genus="Archizelmira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C8641FF06A9A2FF00" box="[810,955,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Archizelmira</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is separated into a subfamily of its own with two putative apomorphies,
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C8133FF23AE6EFEDC" box="[1112,1143,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">viz</emphasis>
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. the extremely short Sc and the recurrent Rs base.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A0936CF3F36FF9C8634FEEAAF2AFC29" blockId="1.[810,1452,158,1301]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">
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Some characters have been missed in previous descriptions of the genus. The incomplete CuP (A
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<subScript id="9632348A3F36FF9C8014FEA1AF9EFEAF" attach="left" box="[1407,1415,357,371]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">1</subScript>
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of authors) has been mentioned as a familial character of
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<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C8641FE5EAEEDFE68" authority="(Grimaldi et al., 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Grimaldi" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[810,1268,410,437]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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Archizelmiridae (
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<bibRefCitation id="6E274B3E3F36FF9C869AFE5EAEF5FE68" author="Grimaldi, D. & Amorim, D. S. & Blagoderov, V." box="[1009,1260,410,437]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" pagination="368 - 381" refId="ref3746" refString="Grimaldi, D., Amorim, D. S. & Blagoderov, V. (2003) The Mesozoic family Archizelmiridae (Diptera: Insecta). Journal of Paleontology, 77 (2), 368 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 0022 - 3360 (2003) 077 <0368:" type="journal article" year="2003">
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||
Grimaldi
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C8108FE5FAE8EFE68" box="[1123,1175,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">et al</emphasis>
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., 2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Indeed, CuP is often indistinct on compressions due to its thinness, but the present study found a complete CuP in the new species (
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<figureCitation id="928D2A4A3F36FF9C8659FDC2A96DFDFC" box="[818,884,518,544]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,189,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-25@3.[180,1408,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Archizelmira jarzembowskii sp. nov., holotype PIN 1255/2218, Kubekovo, J2. A, B, Positive impression, photo (SEM, uncoated) and drawing of total view. C, D, Photograph of negative impression, basal part of wing (SEM, uncoated) and total view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm. Arrows mark bM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820870" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820870/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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), as well as in specimens of the
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<typeStatus id="D50D886D3F36FF9C818EFDC3AF0CFDFD" box="[1253,1301,519,545]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">type</typeStatus>
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species from both localities (
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<figureCitation id="928D2A4A3F36FF9C86B4FDEEAE45FD98" box="[991,1116,554,580]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,235,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,189,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-15@4.[185,1402,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Archizelmira kazachstanica. A, B, PIN 2997/3284, Karatau, J3. Wing, positive impression, B, Base of wing, negative impression. C, D, PIN 2997/3141, negative impression, Karatau, J3, pubescence and basal part of wing, Shar Teg, J3 (SEM, uncoated). E, PIN 4270/2244, total view of wing, Shar Teg, J3 (SEM, uncoated). Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820874/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2B, E</figureCitation>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C81C8FDEFAF16FD98" box="[1187,1295,554,581]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" genus="Archizelmira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baissa">
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C81C8FDEFAF16FD98" box="[1187,1295,554,581]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">A. baissa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="928D2A4A3F36FF9C8049FDEEAF87FD98" box="[1314,1438,554,580]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,235,1626,1650]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[151,1436,194,1602]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Archizelmira baissa, holotype PIN 3064/9039, Baissa, K1. A–D, Wing, pubescence of veins (SEM, uncoated). E, F, Wing, total view and basal part. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820880/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Fig. 3E, F</figureCitation>
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). The basal part of M, present in the new species as a nonsclerotized fold, is recorded for the first time in the family thanks to the excellent preservation of the wing from Kubekovo (
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<figureCitation id="928D2A4A3F36FF9C86C5FD7EA9F6FD08" box="[942,1007,698,724]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,189,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-25@3.[180,1408,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Archizelmira jarzembowskii sp. nov., holotype PIN 1255/2218, Kubekovo, J2. A, B, Positive impression, photo (SEM, uncoated) and drawing of total view. C, D, Photograph of negative impression, basal part of wing (SEM, uncoated) and total view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm. Arrows mark bM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820870" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820870/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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||
). However, such fold is also distinct on the well-preserved wings of
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<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C811BFD1BAF29FD24" authorityName="Rohdendorf" authorityYear="1962" box="[1136,1328,734,761]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" genus="Archizelmira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kazachstanica">
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<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C811BFD1BAF29FD24" box="[1136,1328,734,761]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">A. kazachstanica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Shar Teg (
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<figureCitation id="928D2A4A3F36FF9C860FFCC6A9C6FCC0" box="[868,991,770,796]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,235,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,189,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-15@4.[185,1402,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Archizelmira kazachstanica. A, B, PIN 2997/3284, Karatau, J3. Wing, positive impression, B, Base of wing, negative impression. C, D, PIN 2997/3141, negative impression, Karatau, J3, pubescence and basal part of wing, Shar Teg, J3 (SEM, uncoated). E, PIN 4270/2244, total view of wing, Shar Teg, J3 (SEM, uncoated). Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820874/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Fig. 2D, E</figureCitation>
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). It is visible as well on the photographs accompanying the original description, where it has not been discussed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E274B3E3F36FF9C868CFC8EAEFAFCB8" author="Grimaldi, D. & Amorim, D. S. & Blagoderov, V." box="[999,1251,842,869]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" pagination="368 - 381" refId="ref3746" refString="Grimaldi, D., Amorim, D. S. & Blagoderov, V. (2003) The Mesozoic family Archizelmiridae (Diptera: Insecta). Journal of Paleontology, 77 (2), 368 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 0022 - 3360 (2003) 077 <0368:" type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Grimaldi
|
||
<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C8132FC8FAE97FCB8" box="[1113,1166,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 1.2–4). The anal lobe of the wing of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C8100FCAAAEE5FC54" authorityName=": Rohdendorf" authorityYear="1962" box="[1131,1276,878,904]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" genus="Archizelmira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C8100FCAAAEE5FC54" box="[1131,1276,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Archizelmira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reduced or moderately developed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="928D2A4A3F36FF9C8144FC56AE6AFC70" box="[1071,1139,914,940]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[136,235,1575,1599]" captionTargetBox="[157,751,206,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-389@6.[141,772,206,1551]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Shape of wings of Archizelmira. A, A. jarzembowskii sp. nov., holotype PIN 1255/2218, Kubekovo, J2. B–D, A. kazachstanica, PIN 2997/3284, 2239/2030, 2239/2031, Karatau, J3. E, A. baissa, holotype PIN 3064/9039, Baissa, K1. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6828752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6828752/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas it is very strongly developed in the three other genera (‘anal lobe of wing 90 degrees or more’ in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E274B3E3F36FF9C8162FC1EAF3EFC29" author="Hippa, H. & Vilkamaa, P." box="[1033,1319,986,1013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" pagination="121 - 144" refId="ref3814" refString="Hippa, H. & Vilkamaa, P. (2005) The genus Sciarotricha gen. n. (Sciaridae) and the phylogeny of recent and fossil Sciaroidea (Diptera). Insect Systematics & Evolution, 36, 121 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631205788838492" type="journal article" year="2005">Hippa & Vilkamaa, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0936CF3F36FF9C8634FC3AAF8BFAC8" blockId="1.[810,1452,158,1301]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">
|
||
Thus the incomplete CuP is not a character of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C8641FBE6A9F9FBE0" box="[810,992,1058,1084]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Archizelmiridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
but another putative synapomorphy of the Cretaceous clade (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C815CFB82AEAEFBBC" box="[1079,1207,1094,1120]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" genus="Zelmiarcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C815CFB82AEAEFBBC" box="[1079,1207,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Zelmiarcha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+ (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C8186FB82AF94FBBC" box="[1261,1421,1094,1120]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" genus="Burmazelmira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C8186FB82AF94FBBC" box="[1261,1421,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Burmazelmira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C8641FBAEA9A2FB58" box="[810,955,1130,1156]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" genus="Archimelzira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C8641FBAEA9A2FB58" box="[810,955,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">Archimelzira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)). It supplements the diagnostic characters of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDB64D4C3F36FF9C861AFB4AAE2AFB74" authority="LUKASHEVICH, 2022" authorityName="LUKASHEVICH" authorityYear="2022" box="[881,1075,1166,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Archizelmiridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Burmazelmirinae">Burmazelmirinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C8151FB4AAEC8FB74" bold="true" box="[1082,1233,1166,1192]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23F157A63F36FF9C8151FB4AAEC8FB74" box="[1082,1233,1166,1192]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" rank="subFamily">subfam. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(see below), which also include the reduction of the basal part of M, the strongly pronounced anal lobe, and the characters pointed out by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E274B3E3F36FF9C861CFB3EAE69FAC8" author="Grimaldi, D. & Amorim, D. S. & Blagoderov, V." box="[887,1136,1274,1301]" pageId="1" pageNumber="255" pagination="368 - 381" refId="ref3746" refString="Grimaldi, D., Amorim, D. S. & Blagoderov, V. (2003) The Mesozoic family Archizelmiridae (Diptera: Insecta). Journal of Paleontology, 77 (2), 368 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 0022 - 3360 (2003) 077 <0368:" type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Grimaldi
|
||
<emphasis id="38C2EADD3F36FF9C868FFB3FAE0CFAC8" box="[996,1045,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="255">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2003)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which were listed above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |